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Immunochemical properties of Proteus penneri lipopolysaccharides—one of the major Proteus sp. virulence factors. Carbohydr Res 2013; 380:16-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Knirel YA, Perepelov AV, Kondakova AN, Senchenkova SN, Sidorczyk Z, Rozalski A, Kaca W. Structure and serology of O-antigens as the basis for classification of Proteus strains. Innate Immun 2010; 17:70-96. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425909360668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is devoted to structural and serological characteristics of the O-antigens (O-polysaccharides) of the lipopolysaccharides of various Proteus species, which provide the basis for classifying Proteus strains to Oserogroups. The antigenic relationships of Proteus strains within and beyond the genus as well as their O-antigenrelated bioactivities are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy A. Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia,
| | - Andrei V. Perepelov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna N. Kondakova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sof'ya N. Senchenkova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zygmunt Sidorczyk
- Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Antoni Rozalski
- Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Palusiak A, Dzieciatkowska M, Sidorczyk Z. Application of two different kinds of sera against the Proteus penneri lipopolysaccharide core region in search of epitopes determining cross-reactions with antibodies. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2008; 56:135-40. [PMID: 18373243 PMCID: PMC2766494 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-008-0012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 10/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Proteus penneri lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core regions are characterized by a greater structural variability than that observed in other Enterobacteriaceae. This fact and the small amount of published data concerning the serological activity of this part of P. penneri LPS prompted an examination of which fragment might determine cross-reactions with antibodies. To date, such epitopes have been found in the LPS core regions of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris strains. Materials and Methods: Proteus sp. LPSs were tested with unabsorbed rabbit antisera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot, and once again by ELISA or passive immunohemolysis after the absorption of these antisera with selected LPSs. Results: The serological studies of P. penneri 8 LPS demonstrated antibodies in the tested antisera recognizing a common epitope located in the core regions of six of the LPSs, i.e. P. penneri 8, 34, 133, 7, 14, and 15. Additionally, another type of antibody directed against some fragment of P. penneri 13 and the core regions of other LPSs investigated was observed in one antiserum. Conclusions: A distal, trisaccharide fragment of the P. penneri 8 LPS core region is suggested to determine the cross-reactions of the tested antisera with the six P. penneri LPSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Palusiak
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
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Zych K, Kołodziejska K, Drzewiecka D, Perepelov AV, Knirel YA, Sidorczyk Z. Serological classification and epitope specificity of Proteus vulgaris TG 251 from Proteus serogroup O65. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2007; 55:187-91. [PMID: 17557147 PMCID: PMC2765628 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-007-0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proteus rods are currently subdivided into five named species, i.e. Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. penneri, P. hauseri, and P. myxofaciens, and three unnamed Proteus genomospecies 4 to 6. Based on the serospecificity of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS; O-antigen), strains of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris were divided into 49 O-serogroups and 11 additional O-serogroups were proposed later. About 15 further O-serogroups have been proposed for the third medically important species, P. penneri. Here the serological classification of P. vulgaris strain TG 251, which does not belong to these serogroups, is reported. Serological investigations also allowed characterization of the epitope specificity of its LPS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Purified LPSs from five Proteus strains were used as antigens in enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA), SDS/PAGE, and Western blot and alkali-treated LPSs in the passive immunohemolysis (PIH) test, inhibition of PIH and EIA, and absorption of the rabbit polyclonal O-antisera with the respective LPS. RESULTS The serological studies of P. vulgaris TG 251 LPS indicated the identity of its O-polysaccharide with that of P. penneri O65. The antibody specificities of P. vulgaris TG 251 and P. penneri O65 O-antisera, were described. CONCLUSIONS P. vulgaris TG 251 was classified to the Proteus O65 serogroup. Two disaccharide-associated epitopes present in P. vulgaris TG 251 and P. penneri O65 LPSs are suggested to be responsible for cross-reactions with three heterologous Proteus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Zych
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kołodziejska
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Dominika Drzewiecka
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrey V. Perepelov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy A. Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zygmunt Sidorczyk
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
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Kołodziejska K, Kondakova AN, Zych K, Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-polysaccharide of a serologically separate strain of Proteus mirabilis, TG 332, from a new proposed Proteus serogroup O50. Carbohydr Res 2004; 338:2105-9. [PMID: 14505878 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Proteus mirabilis TG 332 strain. The following structure of the O-polysaccharide was determined by chemical methods along with NMR spectroscopy, including 2D COSY, TOCSY, ROESY and 1H, 13C HMQC experiments: [see equation in text]. The O-polysaccharide studied has a unique structure among Proteus O-antigens. Accordingly, P. mirabilis TG 332 is serologically separate, and we propose to classify this strain into a new Proteus serogroup, O50. The nature of minor epitopes that provide a cross-reactivity of P. mirabilis TG 332 O-antiserum with the LPS of P. mirabilis O30 and Proteus penneri 34 (O60) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kołodziejska
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute Microbiology and Immunology, University of Łódz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódz, Poland
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Zych K, Kowalczyk M, Knirel YA, Sidorczyk Z. New serogroups of the genus Proteus consisting of Proteus penneri strains only. Determination of some LPS epitopes responsible for specificity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2001; 485:339-44. [PMID: 11109127 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-46840-9_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Zych
- Department of General Microbiology, Universty of Lodz, Poland
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Knirel YA, Zych K, Vinogradov EV, Shashkov AS, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of a 2-aminoethyl phosphate-containing O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri 8 from a new serogroup O67. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2000; 267:815-20. [PMID: 10651819 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An acidic O-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the Proteus penneri 8 lipopolysaccharide and found to contain D-glucose, D-galacturonic acid, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose, 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-L-galactose (L-FucNAc) and 2-aminoethyl phosphate (PEtn) in the ratios 2 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1. 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy was applied to the intact and dephosphorylated polysaccharides, and the following structure of the hexasaccharide repeating unit was established: The O-specific polysaccharide has a unique structure, and, accordingly, we propose for P. penneri 8 a new Proteus O67 serogroup, in which this strain is at present the single representative. The nature of epitopes on LPS of P. penneri 34, P. mirabilis O16, P. mirabilis O23 and P. vulgaris O22, which cross-react with O-antiserum against P. penneri 8, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Zych K, Kocharova NA, Kowalczyk M, Toukach FV, Kaminska D, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri 71 and classification of cross-reactive P. penneri strains to a new proposed serogroup O64. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2000; 267:808-14. [PMID: 10651818 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A neutral O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen) was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the bacterium Proteus penneri 71. On the basis of sugar analysis and 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic studies, including two-dimensional COSY, 13C,1H heteronuclear COSY and ROESY, the following structure of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established: -->3)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-- > The polysaccharide has the same carbohydrate backbone as the O-specific polysaccharide of P. penneri 19 and both are similar to that of P. penneri 62 studied by us previously. A cross-reactivity of anti-P. penneri 71, 19 and 62 O-antisera with 11 P. penneri strains was revealed and substantiated at the level of the O-antigen structures. These strains could be divided into three subgroups within a new proposed Proteus O64 serogroup containing P. penneri strains only.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zych
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Lódz, Poland
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Literacka E, Perepelov AV, Senchenkova SN, Zatonsky GV, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Kaca W. Structures of the O-specific polysaccharides and a serological cross-reactivity of the lipopolysaccharides of Proteus mirabilis O24 and O29. FEBS Lett 1999; 456:227-31. [PMID: 10456314 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Strains of Proteus mirabilis belonging to serogroups O24 and O29 are frequent in clinical specimens. Anti-P. mirabilis O24 serum cross-reacted with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of P. mirabilis O29 and vice versa. The structures of the O-specific polysaccharides (OPSs, O-antigens) of both LPSs were established using sugar analysis and one- and two-dimensional 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and found to be different. SDS-PAGE and Western immunoblotting suggested that the serological cross-reactivity of the LPSs is due to a common epitope(s) on the core-lipid A moiety, rather than on the OPS. Therefore, the epitope specificity and the structures of the O-antigens studied are unique among Proteus serogroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Literacka
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Poland
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Toukach FV, Bartodziejska B, Senchenkova SN, Wykrota M, Shashkov AS, Rozalski A, Knirel YA. Structure of a new acidic O-antigen of Proteus vulgaris O22 containing O-acetylated 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-D-glucose. Carbohydr Res 1999; 318:146-53. [PMID: 10515053 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(99)00088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The acidic O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus vulgaris O22 was studied using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, and H-detected 1H, 13C heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) experiments, and the following structure for the branched pentasaccharide repeating unit was established: [sequence: see text] where Qui3NAc is 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxyglucose, O-acetylation of QuiNAc at position 4 is stoichiometric and at position 2 nonstoichiometric. Serological relationships of P. vulgaris O22 with some other Proteus strains were substantiated on the level of the O-antigen structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Toukach
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Toukach FV, Moll H, Zych K, Knirel YA, Zähringer U, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of a serologically separate strain Proteus penneri 2 from a new proposed serogroup O66. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1999; 261:392-7. [PMID: 10215848 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00250.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
O-specific polysaccharide chain of Proteus penneri strain 2 lipopolysaccharide was studied by full and partial acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, and NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional rotating-frame NOE spectroscopy (ROESY) and 1H,13C heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) experiments. Together with D-glucose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, the polysaccharide was found to contain two rarely occurring sugars, 6-deoxy-L-talose (L-6dTal) and 2,3-diacetamido-2,3,6-trideoxy-L-mannose (L-RhaNAc3NAc), and the following structure of a non-stoichiometrically O-acetylated tetrasaccharide repeating unit was established: [equation: see text] The O-specific polysaccharide studied has a unique composition and structure and, accordingly, P. penneri 2 is serologically separate among Proteus strains. Therefore, we propose for P. penneri 2 a new Proteus O-serogroup O66 where this strain is at present the single representative.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Arbatsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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