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Douglas H, Fraser I, Davidson G, Murphy C, Gorman ML, Boyce M, Doole S. Assessing the background levels of body fluids on hands. Sci Justice 2023; 63:493-499. [PMID: 37453781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Forensic scientists are often asked to assist the court by evaluating the significance of finding body fluids on the hands of an individual; however, there is an absence of published data regarding the background levels of body fluids on hands. Whilst the scientist can use casework experience to inform the courts on the significance of the results, it would be advantageous to have data which could assist with this interpretation. This study was designed to ascertain the background levels of blood, semen, saliva, hairs/fibres and staining/debris on hands in the general population by sampling from delegates attending a scientific conference. The findings suggest that approximately one third of the population would be expected to have hairs or fibres on their hands and that females are more likely to have visible staining on their hands than males. Presumptive tests for blood and semen yielded negative results in all samples; however, almost 2 % of the samples were found to contain a very low number of sperm heads. In contrast, the majority of samples tested positive for the presence of saliva using the presumptive Phadebas® amylase test. The data supports the caution applied by forensic practitioners when evaluating the presence of saliva detected using the presumptive Phadebas® amylase test based on the lack of specificity and indicates that the RSID™-Saliva test would be more suitable to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Douglas
- Formerly of Forensic Science Northern Ireland, 151 Belfast Road, Carrickfergus, Co., Antrim, BT38 8PL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Isla Fraser
- Forensic Science Northern Ireland, 151 Belfast Road, Carrickfergus, Co., Antrim, BT38 8PL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Gerry Davidson
- Cellmark Forensic Services, Unit B1, Buckshaw Link, Ordnance Road, Buckshaw Village, Chorley, Lancashire, PR7 7EL, United Kingdom.
| | - Charlotte Murphy
- Department of Justice and Equality, Forensic Science Ireland, Garda Headquarters, Phoenix Park, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Marce Lee Gorman
- Department of Justice and Equality, Forensic Science Ireland, Garda Headquarters, Phoenix Park, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Maggie Boyce
- Formerly of Key Forensic Services, 207C Cavendish Place, Birchwood Park, Warrington WA3 6WU, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Doole
- Eurofins Forensic Services, Sir Alec Jeffreys Building, Calder Park, Wakefield, WF2 7UA, United Kingdom.
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Thompson C, Bennett R, Krosch MN, Chaseling J, Wright K. Evaluation of the RSIDTM-Saliva test to detect saliva in expirated bloodstains and development of an ‘in-scene’ protocol. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2020.1823476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cassie Thompson
- Scientific Section, Queensland Police Service, Coomera Police Station, Coomera, Australia
| | - Rebecca Bennett
- Scientific Section, Queensland Police Service, Rockhampton Police Station, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Matt N. Krosch
- Quality Management Section, Queensland Police Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Janet Chaseling
- School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Kirsty Wright
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia
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Volgin L. The importance of evaluating findings given activity level propositions in order to avoid misleading evidence. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2019.1569131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Breathnach M, Moore E. Background Levels of Salivary-α-amylase Plus Foreign DNA in Cases of Oral Intercourse: a Female Perspective. J Forensic Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Breathnach
- Department of Applied Science; Limerick Institute of Technology; Limerick Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Moore
- Department of Applied Science; Limerick Institute of Technology; Limerick Ireland
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Breathnach M, Moore E. Oral intercourse or secondary transfer? A Bayesian approach of salivary amylase and foreign DNA findings. Forensic Sci Int 2013; 229:52-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lygo JE, Johnson PE, Holdaway DJ, Woodroffe S, Whitaker JP, Clayton TM, Kimpton CP, Gill P. The validation of short tandem repeat (STR) loci for use in forensic casework. Int J Legal Med 1994; 107:77-89. [PMID: 7819123 DOI: 10.1007/bf01225493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A quadruplex reaction has been developed which amplifies the short tandem repeat (STR) loci HUM-VWA31/A, HUMTHO1, HUMF13A1 and HUMFES/FPS. Detection of the PCR products employs denaturing polyacrylamide gels coupled with fluorescent-based technology. This system has been evaluated for use in routine forensic casework and has been shown to be both robust and reproducible. The quadruplex reaction is as sensitive as the commercially available HLA DQ alpha Amplitype typing system and can be used on both degraded and aged material. The problems of environmental contamination have been shown to be limited provided strict procedural practices are followed-i.e. physical separation of sample extraction and amplified products; the use of dedicated equipment such as pipettes; the separation of amplification preparation area. The ability of the system to detect mixtures and the successful analysis of case stains has shown that this system is well suited as a tool for forensic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Lygo
- Forensic Science Service, Reading, Berkshire, UK
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