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Kanjana N, Ahmed MA, Shen Z, Li Y, Zhang L. Optimization of the determination of volatile organic compounds in plant tissue and soil samples: Untargeted metabolomics of main active compounds. MethodsX 2024; 13:102914. [PMID: 39253006 PMCID: PMC11382208 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This review critically assesses the determination of low molecular weight volatiles by different methods, providing context for the development of suitable techniques to determine volatile content in plant tissue and soil samples as well as the associated analytical challenges. Although sensitive analytical methods have been reported in recent decades, studies on their application in modern investigative techniques are lacking. Herein, the latest sampling methods in volatile biochemistry, current advancements in the understanding of these analytes, and the significance of these findings for other types of volatiles are summarized. Gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, ion chromatography, thin-film microextraction, and real-time monitoring techniques are discussed and critically determined. This review concerns the methods most suitable for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipapan Kanjana
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Muhammad Afaq Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhongjian Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lisheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
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2
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Alminderej FM, Saleh SM, Abdallah OI. Monitoring pesticide residues in pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) from Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia: Occurrence, quality, and risk evaluations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36805. [PMID: 39296155 PMCID: PMC11408781 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The Al-Qassim region, a prominent agricultural hub in Saudi Arabia, significantly contributes to the national production of vegetables and fruits. This study validated the standard EN-QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method in conjunction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine 90 multiple pesticide residues in three categories of peppers: green bell, green hot and red chilli peppers. Validation criteria, including linearity range, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ), were within the acceptance range of the SANTE/11312/2021 guideline. The validated method was then used to analyse 536 pepper samples collected in 2023 from the Al-Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The analysis of 536 pepper samples revealed that 394 samples (73.51 %) contained pesticide residues, with 126 (23.51 %) exceeding the established maximum residue limits (MRLs). The most frequently identified pesticide was imidacloprid (171 samples, 31.9 %) and acetamiprid (94 samples, 17.54 %), followed by bifenazate and difenoconazole, which were each detected in 66 samples (12.31 %). Among the remaining 32 pesticides, 24 were detected in 1%-10 % of the samples, whereas 8 were detected in <1 %. The 36 pesticides detected were classified into 14 insecticides (38.9 %), 14 fungicides (38.9 %) and 8 acaricides (22.2 %). Notably, the overall detection rate of the pesticides was relatively higher in red chilli peppers (232 %) compared with bell peppers (165 %), followed by green hot peppers (132 %). Red chilli peppers also showed the highest residue concentrations of various pesticides. Neonicotinoids and triazoles exhibited the highest detection rates in this study. The residue quality index (IqR) of the samples analysed fell into the categories excellent (26.49 %), good (31.72 %), and adequate (14.06 %), with 28.73 % of the samples deemed inadequate. Long-term dietary exposure was examined for adults and children. This study highlights the crucial role of continual observation in defending public health and securing the trade standardisation and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad M Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama I Abdallah
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
- Food Safety Laboratory, Al-Qassim Municipality, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Hu Y, Badar IH, Zhang L, Yang L, Xu B. Odor and taste characteristics, transduction mechanism, and perceptual interaction in fermented foods: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39012297 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2377292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Fermentation is a critical technological process for flavor development in fermented foods. The combination of odor and taste, known as flavor, is crucial in enhancing people's perception and psychology toward fermented foods, thereby increasing their acceptance among consumers. This review summarized the determination and key flavor compound screening methods in fermented foods and analyzed the flavor perception, perceptual interactions, and evaluation methods. The flavor compounds in fermented foods could be separated, purified, and identified by instrument techniques, and a molecular sensory science approach could identify the key flavor compounds. How flavor compounds bind to their respective receptors determines flavor perception, which is influenced by their perceptual interactions, including odor-odor, taste-taste, and odor-taste. Evaluation methods of flavor perception mainly include human sensory evaluation, electronic sensors and biosensors, and neuroimaging techniques. Among them, the biosensor-based evaluation methods could facilitate the investigation of the flavor transduction mechanism and the neuroimaging technique could explain the brain's signals that relate to the perception of flavor and how they compare to signals from other senses. This review aims to elucidate the flavor profile of fermented foods and highlight the significance of comprehending the interactions between various flavor compounds, thus improving the healthiness and sensory attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- State key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Yurun Meat Industry Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Iftikhar Hussain Badar
- Department of Meat Science and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Lang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Engineering Research Center for High Value Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Products, College of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Linwei Yang
- State key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Yurun Meat Industry Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Baocai Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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4
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Dell'Olio A, Rubert J, Capozzi V, Tonezzer M, Betta E, Fogliano V, Biasioli F. Non-invasive VOCs detection to monitor the gut microbiota metabolism in-vitro. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15842. [PMID: 38982163 PMCID: PMC11233675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This work implemented a non-invasive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) monitoring approach to study how food components are metabolised by the gut microbiota in-vitro. The fermentability of a model food matrix rich in dietary fibre (oat bran), and a pure prebiotic (inulin), added to a minimal gut medium was compared by looking at global changes in the volatilome. The substrates were incubated with a stabilised human faecal inoculum over a 24-h period, and VOCs were monitored without interfering with biological processes. The fermentation was performed in nitrogen-filled vials, with controlled temperature, and tracked by automated headspace-solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. To understand the molecular patterns over time, we applied a multivariate longitudinal statistical framework: repeated measurements-ANOVA simultaneous component analysis. The methodology was able to discriminate the studied groups by looking at VOCs temporal profiles. The volatilome showed a time-dependency that was more distinct after 12 h. Short to medium-chain fatty acids showed increased peak intensities, mainly for oat bran and for inulin, but with different kinetics. At the same time, alcohols, aldehydes, and esters showed distinct trends with discriminatory power. The proposed approach can be applied to study the intertwined pathways of gut microbiota food components interaction in-vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dell'Olio
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Reserach and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 39098, San Michele All'Adige, Italy
| | - Josep Rubert
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Vittorio Capozzi
- Institute of Food Production Sciences, National Research Council, 71121, Foggia, Italy
| | - Matteo Tonezzer
- Reserach and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 39098, San Michele All'Adige, Italy
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato , Italy
| | - Emanuela Betta
- Reserach and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 39098, San Michele All'Adige, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Reserach and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 39098, San Michele All'Adige, Italy.
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5
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Piergiovanni M, Gosetti F, Rocío-Bautista P, Termopoli V. Aroma determination in alcoholic beverages: Green MS-based sample preparation approaches. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:660-682. [PMID: 35980114 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aroma determination in alcoholic beverages has become a hot research topic due to the ongoing effort to obtain quality products, especially in a globalized market. Consumer satisfaction is mainly achieved by balancing several aroma compounds, which are mixtures of numerous volatile molecules enclosed in challenging matrices. Thus, sample preparation strategies for quality control and product development are required. They involve several steps including copious amounts of hazardous solvents or time-consuming procedures. This is bucking the trend of the ever-increasing pressure to reduce the environmental impact of analytical chemistry processes. Hence, the evolution of sample preparation procedures has directed towards miniaturized techniques to decrease or avoid the use of hazardous solvents and integrating sampling, extraction, and enrichment of the targeted analytes in fewer steps. Mass spectrometry coupled to gas or liquid chromatography is particularly well suited to address the complexity of these matrices. This review surveys advancements of green miniaturized techniques coupled to mass spectrometry applied on all categories of odor-active molecules in the most consumed alcoholic beverages: beer, wine, and spirits. The targeted literature consider progresses over the past 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Piergiovanni
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Fabio Gosetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Priscilla Rocío-Bautista
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Veronica Termopoli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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6
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Nascimento LES, Thapa B, Oliveira WDS, Rodrigues PR, Godoy HT, Anderson JL. Multivariate optimization for extraction of 2-methylimidazole and 4-methylimidazole from açaí-based food products using polymeric ionic liquid-based sorbent coatings in solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2024; 444:138593. [PMID: 38310774 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, polymeric ionic liquids featuring different functional moieties were applied as sorbent coatings in direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction (DI-SPME) for the extraction of 2-methylimidazole (2-MI) and 4-methylimidazole (4-MI) from açaí-based food products followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The analytical method was optimized using a sequential experimental design. Variables used in GC-MS such as desorption time, as well as for SPME-DI, including extraction time, extraction temperature, incubation time of extraction, amount of NaCl in the extract, and stirring rate, were optimized. The fitness-for-purpose of the method was verified by the linearity of matrix-matched calibration curves (R2 ≥ 0.9921), adequate recoveries (81.7-89.7 %), and precision (relative standard deviations ≤11.2 %). The method was applied to twenty-five samples of açaí-based food products. 4-MI was found in four samples whereas 2-MI was not detected above the limit of detection. The method was found to be suitable for quality control analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Silva Nascimento
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 2415 Osborn Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Bhawana Thapa
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 2415 Osborn Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Wellington da Silva Oliveira
- Reference Laboratory for Physical, Sensory and Statistics Analysis, Science and Food Quality Center, Institute of Food Technology (ITAL), Avenida Brasil 2880, 13070-178 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Plínio Ribeiro Rodrigues
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Teixeira Godoy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jared L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 2415 Osborn Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Gao J, Gao L, Chen W, Huang J, Qing D, Pan Y, Ma C, Wu H, Zhou W, Li J, Yang X, Dai G, Deng G. Genetic Effects of Grain Quality Enhancement in Indica Hybrid Rice: Insights for Molecular Design Breeding. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:39. [PMID: 38874692 PMCID: PMC11178727 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Improving rice quality remains a crucial breeding objective, second only to enhancing yield, yet progress in quality improvement lags behind yield. The high temperature and ripening conditions in Southern China often result in poor rice quality, impacting hybrid rice production and utilization. Therefore, to address this challenge, analyzing the molecular basis of high-quality traits is essential for molecular design breeding of high-quality hybrid rice varieties. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of grain shape, amylose content, gel consistency, gelatinization temperature, and aroma, which influence rice quality. We discovered that quality related alleles gs3, GW7TFA, gw8, chalk5, Wxb, ALKTT, and fgr can enhance rice quality when applied in breeding programs. Polymerization of gs3, GW7TFA, gw8, and chalk5 genes improves rice appearance quality. The gs3 and GW7TFA allele polymerization increasing the grain's length-width ratio, adding the aggregation of gw8 allele can further reducing grain width. The chalk5 gene regulates low chalkiness, but low correlation to chalkiness was exhibited with grain widths below 2.0 mm, with minimal differences between Chalk5 and chalk5 alleles. Enhancing rice cooking and eating quality is achieved through Wxb and ALKTT gene polymerization, while introducing the fgr(E7) gene significantly improved rice aroma. Using molecular marker-assisted technology, we aggregated these genes to develop a batch of indica hybrid rice parents with improved rice quality are obtained. Cross-combining these enhanced parents can generate new, high-quality hybrid rice varieties suitable for cultivation in Southern China. Therefore, our findings contribute to a molecular breeding model for grain quality improvement in high-quality indica hybrid rice. This study, along with others, highlights the potential of molecular design breeding for enhancing complex traits, particularly rice grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Gao
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Dongjin Qing
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Yinghua Pan
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Chonglie Ma
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Weiyong Zhou
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Jingcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Xinghai Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Gaoxing Dai
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China.
| | - Guofu Deng
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China.
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Ishizaki A, Miura A, Kataoka H. Determination of Luteolin and Apigenin in Herbal Teas by Online In-Tube Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with LC-MS/MS. Foods 2024; 13:1687. [PMID: 38890915 PMCID: PMC11172017 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbal teas have attracted attention as functional beverages containing luteolin and apigenin, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of this study was to develop a sensitive online automated method to determine these flavones' contents in herbal teas using in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These compounds were extracted and concentrated by IT-SPME using a Supel Q PLOT capillary column and then separated and detected within 6 min using a CAPCELL PAK C18 MG III analytical column and a negative electrospray ionization-mode multiple-reaction monitoring system by LC-MS/MS. The detection limits (S/N = 3) for luteolin and apigenin were 0.4 and 0.8 pg mL-1, respectively, and the calibration curves were linear in the range of 2-2000 pg mL-1 with correlation coefficients above 0.9995, and intra-day and inter-day precisions with relative standard deviations below 2.9 and 3.6% (n = 6), respectively. The luteolin and apigenin in herbal tea were quantified using IT-SPME/LC-MS/MS following the acid hydrolysis of their glycosides. Among the 10 herbal teas tested, luteolin was detected in peppermint and sage at concentrations of 375 and 99 µg mL-1, respectively, while apigenin was detected in German chamomile at 110 µg mL-1, which were higher than in the other herbal teas. The method is expected to be a useful method for evaluating the efficacy of luteolin and apigenin in herbal teas as functional beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiroyuki Kataoka
- School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University, Nishigawara, Okayama 703-8516, Japan; (A.I.)
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Alizadeh R, Shabani S. Zinc oxide-aluminum oxide nanocomposite solid phase microextraction for diazepam and oxazepam trace determination. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123966. [PMID: 38104432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A new efficient ZnO-Al2O3 nanocomposite (ZANC) was synthesized to form solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. The prepared fiber was used for trace determination of benzodiazepines by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector in urine samples. The effective parameters on the extraction process including extraction time, salt percentage, desorption time and sample pH were optimized by a factorial design method. The method was evaluated at the optimum conditions and limits of detection (LODs) were calculated 20 µg/L for diazepam and oxazepam. The method repeatability for oxazepam and diazepam (50 µg/L, n = 4) was calculated at 8.8 % and 6.4 %. Also, the method reproducibility was obtained, 7.45 % and 6.61 % for oxazepam and diazepam (50 µg/L, n = 4). Also, fiber-to-fiber relative standard deviation (RSDs%) for the target analytes were less than 15.5 %. The method linearity is within the range of 62-500 µg/L for diazepam and oxazepam. The ZANC-SPME fiber showed a good lifetime (60 times) with high chemical stability. The high thermal stability of ZANC-SPME fiber was attained at 280 °C. The extraction results of poly dimethylsiloxan/divinyl benzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber were compared by ZANC-SPME fiber. Therefore, the method is proposed as a suitable technique for benzodiazepines detection in the urine sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
| | - Sara Shabani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
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10
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Marques C, Dinis LT, Santos MJ, Mota J, Vilela A. Beyond the Bottle: Exploring Health-Promoting Compounds in Wine and Wine-Related Products-Extraction, Detection, Quantification, Aroma Properties, and Terroir Effects. Foods 2023; 12:4277. [PMID: 38231704 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Health-promoting compounds in wine and wine-related products are important due to their potential benefits to human health. Through an extensive literature review, this study explores the presence of these compounds in wine and wine-related products, examining their relationship with terroir and their impact on the aromatic and flavor properties that are perceived orally: sunlight exposure, rainfall patterns, and soil composition impact grapevines' synthesis and accumulation of health-promoting compounds. Enzymes, pH, and the oral microbiome are crucial in sensory evaluation and perception of health promotion. Moreover, their analysis of health-promoting compounds in wine and wine-related products relies on considerations such as the specific target compound, selectivity, sensitivity, and the complexity of the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Marques
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Lia-Tânia Dinis
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria João Santos
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Mota
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alice Vilela
- Chemistry Research Centre (CQ-VR), Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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11
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Feng Z, Yang Z, Yang S, Xiong H, Ning Y, Wang C, Li Y. Current status and future challenges of chlorobenzenes pollution in soil and groundwater (CBsPSG) in the twenty-first century: a bibliometric analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:111748-111765. [PMID: 37843707 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The global industrial structure had undertaken significant changes since the twenty-first century, making a severe problem of chlorobenzene pollution in soil and groundwater (CBsPSG). CBsPSG receives increasing attention due to the high toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation of chlorobenzenes. To date, despite the gravity of this issue, no bibliometric analysis (BA) of CBsPSG does exist. This study fills up the gap by conducting a BA of 395 articles related to CBsPSG from the Web of Science Core Collection database using CiteSpace. Based on a comprehensive analysis of various aspects, including time-related, related disciplines, keywords, journal contribution, author productivity, and institute and country distribution, the status, development, and hotspots of research in the field were shown visually and statistically. Moreover, this study has also delved into the environmental behavior and remediation techniques of CBsPSG. In addition, four challenges (unequal research development, insufficient cooperation, deeply mechanism research, and developing new technologies) have been identified, and corresponding suggestions have been proposed for the future development of research in the field. Afterwards, the limitations of BA were discussed. This work provides a powerful insight into CBsPSG, enabling to quickly identify the hotspot and direction of future studies by relevant researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Feng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Sen Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hanxiang Xiong
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yu Ning
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Changxiang Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yilian Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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12
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Marín-San Román S, Fernández-Novales J, Cebrián-Tarancón C, Sánchez-Gómez R, Diago MP, Garde-Cerdán T. Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for the estimation of volatile compounds in Tempranillo Blanco grape berries during ripening. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6317-6329. [PMID: 37195204 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The knowledge of volatile compounds concentration in grape berries is very valuable information for the winemaker, since these compounds are strongly involved in the final wine quality, and in consumer acceptance. In addition, it would allow to set the harvest date according to aromatic maturity, to classify grape berries according to their quality and to make wines with different characteristics, among other implications. However, so far, there are no tools that allow the volatile composition to be measured directly on intact berries, either in the vineyard or in the winery. RESULTS In this work, the use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to estimate the aromatic composition and total soluble solids (TSS) of Tempranillo Blanco grape berries during ripening was evaluated. For this purpose, the spectra in the NIR range (1100-2100 nm) of 240 intact berry samples were acquired in the laboratory. From these same samples, the concentration of volatile compounds was analyzed by thin film-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TF-SPME-GC-MS), and the TSS were quantified by refractometry. These two methods were used as reference methods for model building. Calibration, cross-validation and prediction models were built from spectral data using partial least squares (PLS). Determination coefficients of cross-validation (R2 CV ) above 0.5 were obtained for all volatile compounds, their families, and TSS. CONCLUSIONS These findings support that NIR spectroscopy can be successfully use to estimate the aromatic composition as well as the TSS of intact Tempranillo Blanco berries in a non-destructive, fast, and contactless form, allowing simultaneous determination of technological and aromatic maturities. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Marín-San Román
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Novales
- Grupo TELEVITIS, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Universidad de La Rioja, CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Cristina Cebrián-Tarancón
- Cátedra de Química Agrícola, E.T.S. de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Rosario Sánchez-Gómez
- Cátedra de Química Agrícola, E.T.S. de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - María Paz Diago
- Grupo TELEVITIS, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Universidad de La Rioja, CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
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13
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Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Gegechkori V, Kobakhidze T, Morton D. Solid-Phase Microextraction Techniques and Application in Food and Horticultural Crops. Molecules 2023; 28:6880. [PMID: 37836723 PMCID: PMC10574797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a sample preparation technique which utilizes small amounts of an extraction phase for the extraction of target analytes from investigated sample matrices. Its simplicity of use, relatively short sample processing time, and fiber reusability have made SPME an attractive choice for many analytical applications. SPME has been widely applied to the sampling and analysis of environmental, food, aromatic, metallic, forensic, and pharmaceutical samples. Solid phase microextraction is used in horticultural crops, for example, to determine water and soil contaminants (pesticides, alcohols, phenols, amines, herbicides, etc.). SPME is also used in the food industry to separate biologically active substances in food products for various purposes, for example, disease prevention, determining the smell of food products, and analyzing tastes. SPME has been applied to forensic analysis to determine the alcohol concentration in blood and that of sugar in urine. This method has also been widely used in pharmaceutical analysis. It is a solvent-free sample preparation technique that integrates sampling, isolation, and concentration. This review focuses on recent work on the use of SPME techniques in the analysis of food and horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezana Agatonovic-Kustrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry Named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (T.K.); (D.M.)
- School of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia
| | - Vladimir Gegechkori
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry Named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (T.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Tamara Kobakhidze
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry Named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (T.K.); (D.M.)
| | - David Morton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry Named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (T.K.); (D.M.)
- School of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia
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14
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Jiang L, Dumlao MC, Donald WA, Steel CC, Schmidtke LM. Rapid In-Field Volatile Sampling for Detection of Botrytis cinerea Infection in Wine Grapes. Molecules 2023; 28:5227. [PMID: 37446889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infection of grape berries (Vitis vinifera) by Botrytis cinerea frequently coincides with harvest, impacting both the yield and quality of grape and wine products. A rapid and non-destructive method for identifying B. cinerea infection in grapes at an early stage prior to harvest is critical to manage loss. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) crystal was applied as an absorbent material for volatile extraction from B. cinerea infected and healthy grapes in a vineyard, followed by thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The performance of ZIF-8 in regard to absorbing and trapping the targeted volatiles was evaluated with a standard solution of compounds and with a whole bunch of grapes enclosed in a glass container to maintain standard sampling conditions. The results from the sampling methods were then correlated to B. cinerea infection in grapes, as measured and determined by genus-specific antigen quantification. Trace levels of targeted compounds reported as markers of grape B. cinerea infection were successfully detected with in-field sampling. The peak area counts for volatiles 3-octanone, 1-octen-3-one, 3-octanol, and 1-octen-3-ol extracted using ZIF-8 were significantly higher than values achieved using Tenax®-TA from field testing and demonstrated good correlation with B. cinerea infection severities determined by B. cinerea antigen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiang
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide (Waite Campus), Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Morphy C Dumlao
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide (Waite Campus), Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - William A Donald
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher C Steel
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Leigh M Schmidtke
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide (Waite Campus), Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
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15
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Ocaña-Rios I, Thapa B, Anderson JL. Multi-residue method to determine selected personal care products from five classes in fish based on miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion and solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2023; 423:136247. [PMID: 37178601 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A method featuring matrix solid-phase dispersion combined with solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was developed to determine parabens, musks, antimicrobials, UV filters, and an insect repellent in fish. Optimization and validation of the method was carried out on tilapia and salmon samples. Acceptable linearity (R2 > 0.97), precision (relative standard deviations < 13 %) and accuracy (recovery > 80 %) at two concentration levels for all analytes were obtained using both matrices. The limits of detection ranged from 0.01 to 1.01 μg g-1 (wet weight) for all analytes except for methyl paraben. The SPME Arrow format was applied to increase the sensitivity of the method, and yielded detection limits more than ten times lower than those achieved with traditional SPME. The miniaturized method can be applied to various fish species, regardless of their lipid content, and represents a useful tool for quality control and food safety purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iran Ocaña-Rios
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Bhawana Thapa
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jared L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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16
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Peng Y, Zheng C, Guo S, Gao F, Wang X, Du Z, Gao F, Su F, Zhang W, Yu X, Liu G, Liu B, Wu C, Sun Y, Yang Z, Hao Z, Yu X. Metabolomics integrated with machine learning to discriminate the geographic origin of Rougui Wuyi rock tea. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:7. [PMID: 36928372 PMCID: PMC10020150 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The geographic origin of agri-food products contributes greatly to their quality and market value. Here, we developed a robust method combining metabolomics and machine learning (ML) to authenticate the geographic origin of Wuyi rock tea, a premium oolong tea. The volatiles of 333 tea samples (174 from the core region and 159 from the non-core region) were profiled using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry and a series of ML algorithms were tested. Wuyi rock tea from the two regions featured distinct aroma profiles. Multilayer Perceptron achieved the best performance with an average accuracy of 92.7% on the training data using 176 volatile features. The model was benchmarked with two independent test sets, showing over 90% accuracy. Gradient Boosting algorithm yielded the best accuracy (89.6%) when using only 30 volatile features. The proposed methodology holds great promise for its broader applications in identifying the geographic origins of other valuable agri-food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Peng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Fuquan Gao
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaxia Wang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhenghua Du
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Fujian Farming Technology Extension Center, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Feng Su
- Fujian Farming Technology Extension Center, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Fujian Farming Technology Extension Center, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Xueling Yu
- Fujian Farming Technology Extension Center, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Guoying Liu
- Wuyishan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wuyishan, 354300, China
| | - Baoshun Liu
- Wuyishan Tea Bureau, Wuyishan, 354300, China
| | - Chengjian Wu
- Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350119, China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Zhilong Hao
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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17
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A Comprehensive Review of Pesticide Residues in Peppers. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050970. [PMID: 36900487 PMCID: PMC10000673 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are chemicals that are used to control pests such as insects, fungi, and weeds. Pesticide residues can remain on crops after application. Peppers are popular and versatile foods that are valued for their flavor, nutrition, and medicinal properties. The consumption of raw or fresh peppers (bell and chili) can have important health benefits due to their high levels of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Therefore, it is crucial to consider factors such as pesticide use and preparation methods to fully realize these benefits. Ensuring that the levels of pesticide residues in peppers are not harmful to human health requires rigorous and continuous monitoring. Several analytical methods, such as gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), mass spectrometry (MS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), can detect and quantify pesticide residues in peppers. The choice of analytical method depends on the specific pesticide, that is being tested for and the type of sample being analyzed. The sample preparation method usually involves several processes. This includes extraction, which is used to separate the pesticides from the pepper matrix, and cleanup, which removes any interfering substances that could affect the accuracy of the analysis. Regulatory agencies or food safety organizations typically monitor pesticide residues in peppers by stipulating maximum residue limits (MRLs). Herein, we discuss various sample preparation, cleanup, and analytical techniques, as well as the dissipation patterns and application of monitoring strategies for analyzing pesticides in peppers to help safeguard against potential human health risks. From the authors' perspective, several challenges and limitations exist in the analytical approach to monitoring pesticide residues in peppers. These include the complexity of the matrix, the limited sensitivity of some analytical methods, cost and time, a lack of standard methods, and limited sample size. Furthermore, developing new analytical methods, using machine learning and artificial intelligence, promoting sustainable and organic growing practices, improving sample preparation methods, and increasing standardization could assist efficiently in analyzing pesticide residues in peppers.
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18
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Marín-San Román S, Fernández-Novales J, Cebrián-Tarancón C, Sánchez-Gómez R, Diago MP, Garde-Cerdán T. Monitorization of Varietal Aroma Composition Dynamics during Ripening in Intact Vitis vinifera L. Tempranillo Blanco Berries by Hyperspectral Imaging. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2616-2627. [PMID: 36700632 PMCID: PMC9912339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of aromatic maturity during grape ripening provides very important information for determining the harvest date, particularly in white cultivars. However, there are currently no tools that allow this measurement to be carried out in a noninvasive and rapid way. For this reason, in the present work, we have studied the use of hyperspectral imaging (HSI)) to estimate the aromatic composition of Vitis vinifera L. Tempranillo Blanco berries during ripening. A total of 236 spectra in the VIS+short wave near-infrared (VIS+SW-NIR) range (400-1000 nm) of intact berries were acquired contactless under laboratory conditions. As gold standard values, a total of 20 volatile compounds were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the concentration of total soluble solids (TSS) was measured by refractometry. Calibration, cross-validation, and prediction models were built using partial least squares (PLS). Values of RCV2 ≥ 0.70 were obtained for α-terpineol, p-cymene, β-damascenone, β-ionone, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, hexanal, citral, linalool, 2-phenylethanol, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-hexenal, 2-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, total C13 norisoprenoids, total C6 compounds, total positive compounds (i.e., the sum of all families except C6 compounds), total benzenoids, and total soluble solids (TSS). Therefore, it can be affirmed that HSI in the VIS + SW-NIR range could be a good tool to estimate the aromatic composition of Tempranillo Blanco grape berries in a contactless, fast, and nondestructive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Marín-San Román
- Grupo
VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid
y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Novales
- Grupo
TELEVITIS, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid
y del Vino (Universidad de La Rioja, CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - Cristina Cebrián-Tarancón
- Cátedra
de Química Agrícola, E.T.S.I. Agrónomos y Montes,
Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. de España, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Rosario Sánchez-Gómez
- Cátedra
de Química Agrícola, E.T.S.I. Agrónomos y Montes,
Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. de España, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Maria Paz Diago
- Grupo
TELEVITIS, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid
y del Vino (Universidad de La Rioja, CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo
VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid
y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain
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19
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Royle SH, Cropper L, Watson JS, Sinibaldi S, Entwisle M, Sephton MA. Solid-Phase Microextraction for Organic Contamination Control Throughout Assembly and Operational Phases of Space Missions. ASTROBIOLOGY 2023; 23:127-143. [PMID: 36473197 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Space missions concerned with life detection contain highly sensitive instruments for the detection of organics. Terrestrial contamination can interfere with signals of indigenous organics in samples and has the potential to cause false-positive biosignature detections, which may lead to incorrect suggestions of the presence of life elsewhere in the solar system. This study assessed the capability of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) as a method for monitoring organic contamination encountered by spacecraft hardware during assembly and operation. SPME-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis was performed on potential contaminant source materials, which are commonly used in spacecraft construction. The sensitivity of SPME-GC-MS to organics was assessed in the context of contaminants identified in molecular wipes taken from hardware surfaces on the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover. SPME was found to be effective at detecting a wide range of common organic contaminants that include aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, alcohols, and carbonyls. A notable example of correlation of contaminant with source material was the detection of benzenamine compounds in an epoxy adhesive analyzed by SPME-GC-MS and in the ExoMars rover surface wipe samples. The current form of SPME-GC-MS does not enable quantitative evaluation of contaminants, nor is it suitable for the detection of every group of organic molecules relevant to astrobiological contamination concerns, namely large and/or polar molecules such as amino acids. However, it nonetheless represents an effective new monitoring method for rapid, easy identification of organic contaminants commonly present on spacecraft hardware and could thus be utilized in future space missions as part of their contamination control and mitigation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Royle
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorcan Cropper
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan S Watson
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Mark A Sephton
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Karabagias IK, Nayik GA. Machine Learning Algorithms Applied to Semi-Quantitative Data of the Volatilome of Citrus and Other Nectar Honeys with the Use of HS-SPME/GC-MS Analysis, Lead to a New Index of Geographical Origin Authentication. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030509. [PMID: 36766038 PMCID: PMC9914582 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The scope of the current study was to monitor if semi-quantitative data of volatile compounds (volatilome) of citrus honey (ch) produced in different countries could potentially lead to a new index of citrus honey authentication using specific ratios of the identified volatile compounds in combination with machine learning algorithms. In this context, the semi-quantitative data of the volatilome of 38 citrus honey samples from Egypt, Morocco, Greece, and Spain (determined by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS)) was subjected to supervised and unsupervised chemometrics. Results showed that honey samples could be classified according to the geographical origin based on specific volatile compounds. Data were further evaluated with additional nectar honey samples introduced in the multivariate statistical analysis model and the classification results were not affected. Specific volatile compounds contributed to the discrimination of citrus honey in different amounts according to geographical origin. These were lilac aldehyde D, dill ether, 2-methylbutanal, heptane, benzaldehyde, α,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-acetaldehyde, and herboxide (isomer II). The numerical data of these volatile compounds was summed up and divided by the total semi-quantitative volatile content (Rch, Karabagias-Nayik index) of citrus honey, according to geographical origin. Egyptian citrus honey had a value of Rch = 0.35, Moroccan citrus honey had a value of Rch = 0.29, Greek citrus honey had a value of Rch = 0.04, and Spanish citrus honey had a value of Rch = 0.27, leading to a new hypothesis and a complementary index for the control of citrus honey authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Konstantinos Karabagias
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Patras, G. Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Government Degree College Shopian, Jammu & Kashmir 192303, India
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21
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Metabolite Variation between Nematode and Bacterial Seed Galls in Comparison to Healthy Seeds of Ryegrass Using Direct Immersion Solid-Phase Microextraction (DI-SPME) Coupled with GC-MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020828. [PMID: 36677885 PMCID: PMC9864257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Annual ryegrass toxicity (ARGT) is an often-fatal poisoning of livestock that consume annual ryegrass infected by the bacterium Rathayibacter toxicus. This bacterium is carried into the ryegrass by a nematode, Anguina funesta, and produces toxins within seed galls that develop during the flowering to seed maturity stages of the plant. The actual mechanism of biochemical transformation of healthy seeds to nematode and bacterial gall-infected seeds remains unclear and no clear-cut information is available on what type of volatile organic compounds accumulate in the respective galls. Therefore, to fill this research gap, the present study was designed to analyze the chemical differences among nematode galls (A. funesta), bacterial galls (R. toxicus) and healthy seeds of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) by using direct immersion solid-phase microextraction (DI-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method was optimized and validated by testing its linearity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Fifty-seven compounds were identified from all three sources (nematode galls, bacterial galls and healthy seed), and 48 compounds were found to be present at significantly different (p < 0.05) levels in the three groups. Five volatile organic compounds (hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester), (carbonic acid, but-2-yn-1-yl eicosyl ester), (fumaric acid, 2-ethylhexyl tridec-2-yn-1-yl ester), (oct-3-enoylamide, N-methyl-N-undecyl) and hexacosanoic acid are the most frequent indicators of R. toxicus bacterial infection in ryegrass, whereas the presence of 15-methylnonacosane, 13-methylheptacosane, ethyl hexacosyl ether, heptacosyl acetate and heptacosyl trifluoroacetate indicates A. funesta nematode infestation. Metabolites occurring in both bacterial and nematode galls included batilol (stearyl monoglyceride) and 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, tetradecyl ester. Among the chemical functional group, esters, fatty acids, and alcohols together contributed more than 70% in healthy seed, whereas this contribution was 61% and 58% in nematode and bacterial galls, respectively. This study demonstrated that DI-SPME is a valid technique to study differentially expressed metabolites in infected and healthy ryegrass seed and may help provide better understanding of the biochemical interactions between plant and pathogen to aid in management of ARGT.
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Manousi N, Kalogiouri N, Ferracane A, Zachariadis GA, Samanidou VF, Tranchida PQ, Mondello L, Rosenberg E. Solid-phase microextraction Arrow combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the elucidation of the volatile composition of honey samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2547-2560. [PMID: 36629895 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) Arrow method combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC × GC-MS) was developed for the elucidation of the volatile composition of honey samples. The sample preparation protocol was optimized to ensure high extraction efficiency of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which are directly associated with the organoleptic properties of honey and its acceptance by the consumers. Following its optimization, SPME Arrow was compared to conventional SPME in terms of sensitivity, precision, and number of extracted VOCs. The utilization of SPME Arrow fibers enabled the determination of 203, 147, and 149 compounds in honeydew honey, flower honey, and pine honey, respectively, while a significantly lower number of compounds (124, 94, and 111 for honeydew honey, flower honey, and pine honey, respectively) was determined using conventional SPME. At the same time, the utilization of SPME Arrow resulted in enhanced sensitivity and precision. All things considered, SPME Arrow and GC × GC-MS can be considered as highly suitable for the elucidation of the volatile composition of complex food samples resulting in high sensitivity and separation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Technology and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Natasa Kalogiouri
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Technology and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonio Ferracane
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - George A Zachariadis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Victoria F Samanidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Peter Q Tranchida
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Chromaleont S.R.L., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technologies for Human and Environment, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Erwin Rosenberg
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060, Vienna, Austria
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23
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Gao P, Bao Y, Wang S, Lei L, Wang B, Xiao L, Cheng K, Wang Y, Zhang S, Dong L. Mechanism of palmitoleic acid oxidation into volatile compounds during heating. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengxun Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Yuxiang Bao
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Dalian Center for Certification and Food and Drug Control Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Liming Lei
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Binchen Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Lin Xiao
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Kunya Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Yian Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Liang Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Liaoning China
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Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variation in Floral Volatiles Emitted from Lagerstroemia caudata by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and GC-MS. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020478. [PMID: 36677543 PMCID: PMC9863544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lagerstroemia caudata is a rare aromatic species native to southeastern China, but its floral scent properties and release dynamics remain unclear. This study is the first systematic analysis of spatial-temporal variation in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from L. caudata by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-two VOCs were identified, 20 of which were detected for the first time. Aldehydes, alcohols, and monoterpenoids were the main VOC categories, each with different releasing rhythms. Total emission of VOCs was much higher in the full-blooming stage (140.90 ng g-1min-1) than in the pre-blooming (36.54 ng g-1min-1) or over-blooming (24.92 ng g-1min-1). Monoterpenoids, especially nerol, geraniol, and linalool, were the characteristic VOCs for full-blooming flowers. Daily emissions of nine compounds (nerol, geraniol, linalool, citronellol, β-citral, (E)-citral, phenylethyl alcohol, 2-heptanol, 2-nonanol) correlated closely with the opening of L. caudata, presenting an apparent diurnal pattern of scent emission. Tissue-specific emission was found in most isolated floral parts. Stamen was the most significant source of floral VOCs, considering its high emission levels of total VOC (627.96 ng g-1min-1). Our results extend the information on floral VOCs of Lagerstroemia and provide a theoretical basis for breeding new cultivars with desirable floral scents.
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25
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Radványi D. Smelling the difference: separation of healthy and infected button mushrooms via microbial volatile organic compounds. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12703. [PMID: 36647354 PMCID: PMC9840114 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the literature there is a lack of consensus regarding mushroom volatiles; most of the studies identify only a few volatiles. This study deals with button mushrooms, their emitted volatiles, and the main changes during infections (green mould and cobweb disease) in a time series experiment. Emitted volatile profiles were determined using HS-SPME-GC-MS coupled analytical technique. The separation of healthy and infected mushroom samples was done using different multivariate statistical methods (PCA, PLS-DA, HeatMap). The main volatile compounds were also determined. As a result, several compounds were found to successfully distinguish healthy (bisabolene, cymene, myrtenol, d-limonene, etc.) and infected (thujopsene, cedr-8-ene, chamigrene, patchulane, longifolene, etc.), mushroom samples, and an early disease detection was achieved. Results can be used for further investigation of infected mushroom identification in an early stage in packaged mushroom products. Furthermore, these results could help to identify infections in commercially available mushrooms, thus increasing shelf-life in super/hypermarkets.
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Volatile Compositions of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquifolium Grown for Different Cultivation Years. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010136. [PMID: 36613353 PMCID: PMC9818133 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the volatile profiles of Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) and Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng) grown for different cultivation years by using HS-SPME/GC-MS and determined the key discriminant volatile compounds by chemometric analysis including principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and partial least squares-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). Fifty-six compounds, including forty terpenes, eight alcohols, one alkane, one ketone, and one furan, were identified in the ginseng roots. The chemometric results identified two major clusters of American ginseng and Korean ginseng cultivars with distinct volatile compositions. The volatile compounds in fresh white ginseng roots were affected by the species, but the influence of different cultivation ages was ambiguous. The major volatile components of ginseng roots are terpenes, including monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. In particular, panaginsene, ginsinsene, α-isocomene, and caryophyllene were predominant in Korean ginseng cultivars, whereas β-farnesene levels were higher in American ginseng. The difference in volatile patterns between Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium could be attributed to the composition of sesquiterpenes such as β-panaginsene, ginsinsene, caryophyllene, and β-farnesene.
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27
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Untargeted Profiling and Differentiation of Volatiles in Varieties of Meat Using GC Orbitrap MS. Foods 2022; 11:foods11243997. [PMID: 36553738 PMCID: PMC9777611 DOI: 10.3390/foods11243997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile compounds play vital roles in food sensory attributes and food quality. An analysis of volatile compounds could illustrate the sensory attributes at the microscale level. Here, untargeted profiling approaches for volatiles in five most-consumed meat species were established using headspace SPME-GC/high resolution Orbitrap MS. An extended high-resolution database of meat volatile compounds was established to enhance the qualification accuracy. Using sulfur-containing compounds, aldehydes, and ketones as the research model, the parameters including fiber coating types, extraction temperature, extraction time, and desorbing time were optimized. Principle component analysis, volcano analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were applied to run the classification and the selection of discriminant markers between meat varieties, respectively. Different varieties could be largely distinguished according to the volatiles' profiles. 1-Octen-3-ol, 1-octen-3-one, 2-pentyl furan and some other furans degraded from n-6 fatty acids would contribute to distinguishing duck meat from other categories, while methyl esters mainly from oleic acid as well as dimethyl sulfoxide and carbon disulfide possibly produced from the sulfur-containing amino acids contributed to the discrimination of beef. Therefore, volatiles' profiling not only could interpret the aroma style in meat but also could be another promising method for meat differentiation and authentication.
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28
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Liu D, Yang C, Bai L, Feng X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Jinhua ham Using Three Extraction Methods Combined with Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233897. [PMID: 36496707 PMCID: PMC9735730 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The volatile compounds in Jinhua ham samples after different aging times were characterized using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and needle trap (NT) extraction methods combined with gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS). Hundreds of aroma compounds were identified, including aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, furans, esters, acids, pyrazines, and sulfides. The results showed that NT extracted the greatest number of volatile compounds, whereas the extraction efficiency of SPME headspace adsorption was highest among the three sample preparation methods. Principal component analysis of SPME effectively distinguished the variation in the aroma of the Jinhua hams specific to aging time. Butyrolactone, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, phenylacetaldehyde, and acetic acid were considered as the main volatile compounds in the Jinhua ham samples at three years of aging. The results showed that SPME-GC-TOF/MS effectively discriminated among samples by age. By comparing the three extraction methods, this study provides a theoretical basis for the selection of extraction methods of volatile aroma compounds in Jinhua ham.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyong Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Cong Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Lu Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Xi Feng
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Packaging, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Y.L.)
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29
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Wang Z, Su D, Ren H, Lv Q, Ren L, Li Y, Zhou H. Effect of different drying methods after fermentation on the aroma of Pu-erh tea (ripe tea). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Zhang YC, Lin QB, Zhong HN, Zeng Y. Identification and source analysis of volatile flavor compounds in paper packaged yogurt by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Solid-phase microextraction coatings based on anodic and cathodic plasma electrolytic deposition on titanium wire for determination of nerolidol in aqueous samples. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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32
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Marín-San Román S, Carot-Sierra JM, Sáenz de Urturi I, Rubio-Bretón P, Pérez-Álvarez EP, Garde-Cerdán T. Optimization of stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) and multi-stir bar sorptive extraction (mSBSE) to improve must volatile compounds extraction. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Deller Z, Maniam S, Giustozzi F. Sample Preparation and Analytical Methods for Identifying Organic Compounds in Bituminous Emissions. Molecules 2022; 27:5068. [PMID: 36014307 PMCID: PMC9416622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bitumen is a major construction material that can emit harmful fumes when heated. These fumes pose health risks to workers and communities near construction projects or asphalt mixing plants. The chemical complexity of bitumen fumes and the increasing use of additives add to the difficulty of analytically quantifying the harmful chemicals emitted using a single technique. Research on bitumen emissions consists of numerous sample preparation and analytical methods. There are a range of considerations to be made when deciding on an appropriate sample preparation method and instrumental configuration to optimise the analysis of specific organic contaminants in emissions. Researchers investigating emissions from bituminous materials may need to consider a range of analytical techniques to quantify harmful chemicals and assess the efficacy of new additives. This review summarises the primary methodologies for sample preparation and analytical techniques used in bitumen research and discusses future challenges and solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Deller
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Subashani Maniam
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Filippo Giustozzi
- Civil and Infrastructure, School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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Chemical Approach to the Optimization of Conditions Using HS-SPME/GC–MS for Characterization of Volatile Compounds in Eugenia brasiliensis Fruit. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154955. [PMID: 35956905 PMCID: PMC9370820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.) is a native fruit of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, belonging to the Myrtaceae family, which designatesthe most significant number of species with food potential. It stands out due to its phytochemical characteristics because of the presence of polyphenols and volatile organic compounds. Volatile compounds are substances released by foods that give off an aroma and influence flavor. Solid-phase microextraction is a technique that allows for low-cost, fast, and solvent-free extraction, has an affinity for numerous analytes, and is easily coupled to gas chromatography. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the efficiency of different fibers of SPME (solid-phase microextraction) in the extraction of volatile organic compounds from grumixama pulp; optimize a method for extraction time, temperature, and sample weight; and to determine the characteristic volatile profile of this fruit. For the extraction of volatile compounds, three fibers of different polarities were used: polar polyacrylate (PA) fibers, divinylbenzene/carboxyne/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) semipolar fibers, and polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB). Fourteen volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified by DVB/CAR/PDMS, six by PA, and seven by PDMS/DVB through solid-phase microextraction in the headspace mode (SPME-HS). Considering the total number of compounds identified, regardless of the fiber used, and the optimization of the method, Eugenia brasiliensis presented sesquiterpene fractions (85.7%, 83.3%, and 85.7% of total VOCs) higher than the monoterpene fractions (14.3%, 16.7%, and 14.3%) for DVB/CAR/PDMS, PA, and PDMS/DVB, respectively in its composition. In addition, it was possible to verify that the fiber DVB/CAR/PDMS presented a better efficiency due to the larger chromatographic area observed when the grumixama pulp was subjected to conditions of 75 °C, 2.0 g, and an adsorption time of 20 min.
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Using Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with Reactive Carbon Fiber Ionization-Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Aflatoxin B1 from Complex Samples. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9080199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a common mycotoxin present in agricultural and food products. Therefore, rapid screening methods must be developed for AFB1 detection with high sensitivity and good selectivity. In this study, we developed an analytical method based on the combination of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with carbon fiber ionization (CFI)-mass spectrometry (MS) to detect the presence of trace AFB1 from complex samples. A pencil lead (type 2B, length: ~2.5 cm) with a sharp end (diameter: ~150 μm) was used as the SPME fiber and the ionization emitter in CFI-MS analysis. Owing to the graphite structure of the pencil lead, AFB1 can be trapped on the pencil lead through π–π interactions. After adsorbing AFB1, the pencil lead was directly introduced in a pipette tip (length: ~0.7 cm; tip inner diameter: ~0.6 mm), placed close (~1 mm) to the inlet of the mass spectrometer, and applied with a high voltage (−4.5 kV) for in situ AFB1 elution and CFI-MS analysis. A direct electric contact on the SPME-CFI setup was not required. Followed by the introduction of an elution solvent (10 μL) (acetonitrile/ethanol/deionized water, 2:2:1 (v/v/v)) to the pipette tip, electrospray ionization was generated from the elution solvent containing AFB1 for CFI-MS analysis. A reactive SPME-CFI-MS strategy was employed to further identify AFB1 and improve elution capacity using our approach. Butylamine was added to the elution solvent, which was then introduced to the pipette tip inserted with the SPME fiber. Butylamine-derivatized AFB1 was readily generated and appeared in the resultant SPME-CFI mass spectrum. The lowest detectable concentration against AFB1 using our approach was ~1.25 nM. Our method can distinguish AFB1 from AFG1 in a mixture and can be used for the detection of trace AFB1 in complex peanut extract samples.
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Delińska K, Yavir K, Kloskowski A. Head-Space SPME for the Analysis of Organophosphorus Insecticides by Novel Silica IL-Based Fibers in Real Samples. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154688. [PMID: 35897868 PMCID: PMC9330742 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work demonstrates the suitability of a newly developed ionic liquid (IL)-based silica SPME fiber for the determination of seven organophosphorus insecticides in cucumber and grapefruit samples by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with a gas chromatography−flame ionization detector (FID). The sol-gel method released four different sorbent coatings, which were obtained based on a silica matrix containing ILs immobilized inside its pores. In order to obtain ionogel fibers, the following ionic liquids were utilized: 1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide; Butyltriethyl ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide; 1-(2-Methoxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-Benzyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. The developed fibers were applied for the extraction of seven different insecticides from liquid samples. The most important extraction parameters of HS-SPME coupled with the GC-FID method were optimized with a central composite design. The new SPME fiber demonstrated higher selectivity for extracting the analyzed insecticides compared with commercially available fibers. The limit of detection was in the range of 0.01−0.93 μg L−1, the coefficients of determination were >0.9830, and 4.8−10.1% repeatability of the method was found. Finally, the obtained ionogel fibers were utilized to determine insecticides in fresh cucumber and grapefruit juices.
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Shan C, Li B, Li L, Li B, Ren Y, Liu T. Correlation between Irradiation Treatment and Metabolite Changes in Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) Larvae Using Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Molecules 2022; 27:4641. [PMID: 35889514 PMCID: PMC9320597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolites produced by the larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) exposed to different doses of irradiation were analyzed using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and a metabonomic analysis method of irradiated insects based on GC-MS was established. The analysis revealed 67 peaks, of which 23 peaks were identified. The metabolites produced by larvae treated with different irradiation doses were compared by multivariate statistical analysis, and eight differential metabolites were selected. Irradiation seriously influenced the fatty acid metabolic pathway in larvae. Using the R platform combined with the method of multivariate statistical analysis, changes to metabolite production under four irradiation doses given to B. dorsalis larvae were described. Differential metabolites of B. dorsalis larvae carried chemical signatures that indicated irradiation dose, and this method is expected to provide a reference for the detection of irradiated insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyao Shan
- Institute of Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. A3, Gaobeidianbeilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China; (C.S.); (B.L.); (L.L.)
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia;
| | - Baishu Li
- Institute of Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. A3, Gaobeidianbeilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China; (C.S.); (B.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. A3, Gaobeidianbeilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China; (C.S.); (B.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Beibei Li
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia;
| | - YongLin Ren
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia;
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. A3, Gaobeidianbeilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China; (C.S.); (B.L.); (L.L.)
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Abstract
Developing effective and green methods for food analysis and separation has become an urgent issue regarding the ever-increasing concern of food quality and safety. Ionic liquids (ILs) are a new chemical medium and soft functional material developed under the framework of green chemistry and possess many unique properties, such as low melting points, low-to-negligible vapor pressures, excellent solubility, structural designability and high thermal stability. Combining ILs with extraction techniques not only takes advantage of ILs but also overcomes the disadvantages of traditional extraction methods. This subject has attracted intensive research efforts recently. Here, we present a brief review of the current research status and latest developments regarding the application of IL-assisted microextraction, including dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME), in food analysis and separation. The practical applications of ILs in determining toxic and harmful substances in food specimens with quite different natures are summarized and discussed. The critical function of ILs and the advantages of IL-based microextraction techniques over conventional extraction techniques are discussed in detail. Additionally, the recovery of ILs using different approaches is also presented to comply with green analytical chemistry requirements.
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Dalmaz A, Sivrikaya Özak S. Green deep eutectic solvent assisted liquid–liquid microextraction procedure for Sunset Yellow dye in effervescent vitamin C tablets. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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40
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The chemical, sensory, and volatile characteristics of instant sweet tea (Lithocarpus litseifolius [Hance] Chun) using electronic nose and GC-MS-based metabolomics analysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wang C, Wang Y, Gong B, Wu Y, Chen X, Liu Y, Wei J. Effective Components and Molecular Mechanism of Agarwood Essential Oil Inhalation and the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects Based on GC-MS-Qtof and Molecular Docking. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113483. [PMID: 35684421 PMCID: PMC9182217 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Agarwood has been used for the administration of hypnotic therapy. Its aromatic scent induces a relaxed state. However, its aromatic constituents and the underlying molecular effect are still unclear. This study aims to determine the active substance and molecular mechanism of the hypnotic effect of agarwood essential oil (AEO) incense inhalation in insomniac mice. Insomnia models were induced by para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 300 mg/kg) in mice. The sleep-promoting effect was evaluated. Neurotransmitter levels and its receptor were detected to explore the molecular mechanism. The effective components were analyzed by GC-Q/TOF-MS of AEO. The binding mechanisms of the core compounds and core targets were verified by molecular docking. These results showed that AEO inhalation could significantly shorten sleep latency and prolong sleep time, inhibit autonomous activity and exert good sedative and sleep-promoting effects. A mechanistic study showed that AEO inhalation increased the levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA), the GABAA/glutamic acid (Glu) ratio, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and adenosine (AD), upregulated the expression levels of GluR1, VGluT1 and 5-HT1A and downregulated 5-HT2A levels. Component analysis showed that the most abundant medicinal compounds were eremophilanes, cadinanes and eudesmanes. Moreover, the docking results showed that the core components stably bind to various receptors. The study demonstrated the bioactive constituents and mechanisms of AEO in its sedative and hypnotic effects and its multicomponent, multitarget and multipathway treatment characteristics in PCPA-induced insomniac mice. These results provide theoretical evidence for insomnia treatment and pharmaceutical product development with AEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhong Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.G.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.G.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Bao Gong
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.G.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Yulan Wu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.G.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Xiqin Chen
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.G.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.G.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-898-3158-9007 (Y.L.); +86-10-5783-3016 (J.W.)
| | - Jianhe Wei
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.G.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-898-3158-9007 (Y.L.); +86-10-5783-3016 (J.W.)
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El‐Shamy S, Farag MA. Volatiles profiling in heated cheese as analyzed using headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sherine El‐Shamy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Modern University for Technology & Information Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University Cairo Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering The American University in Cairo New Cairo Egypt
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Janssens M, Verlinden BE, Hertog MLATM, Nicolaï BM. Quality Evolution and Aroma Profile of Pointed Cabbage in Different Storage Regimes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:852817. [PMID: 35498690 PMCID: PMC9051525 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.852817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With its increasing popularity, the need for optimal storage conditions of pointed cabbages becomes more important to meet the year-round demand. Storage of the pointed varieties, however, is more difficult compared to the traditional, round varieties and is limited to a few weeks in normal air. Pointed cabbages are more susceptible to quality loss (shriveling, yellowing of leaves, weight loss, fungal, and bacterial infections) and tend to spoil much faster. In order to provide a year-round availability of the fresh product, storage under controlled atmosphere (CA) could offer a solution. In this study, pointed, white cabbage heads (Brassica oleracea var. capitata for. alba L. subv. Conica cv. 'Caraflex') were stored at 1°C from November 2018 to May 2019 under four different CA conditions (1 kPa O2 + 1.5 kPa CO2, 1 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2, 3 kPa O2 + 1.5 kPa CO2, and 3 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2), and compared to storage under normal air. Results showed that CA storage resulted in a prolonged storage life with a good quality retention for both texture and aroma. CA-stored cabbages showed less weight loss, shriveling, and yellowing. Internal quality parameters [color, soluble solids content (SSC)] were stable over the whole storage period for all objects. The aroma profiles of both the storage atmosphere and cabbage samples were impacted by storage duration. The aroma of cabbage juice was also affected by the storage regime. A clear separation was found for cabbage stored under CA compared to the reference group. From the CA-treatments studied, a combination of low oxygen (1 kPa O2) and elevated carbon dioxide levels (5 kPa CO2) showed the best results maintaining quality. Storage under CA resulted in a better resemblance to the aroma of freshly, harvested produce compared to cabbages stored in normal air.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bart M. Nicolaï
- Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology, Leuven, Belgium
- BIOSYST-MeBioS Postharvest Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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44
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Comparison of Two Extraction Techniques (SDE vs. SPME) for the Determination of Garlic and Elephant Garlic Volatile Compounds. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02255-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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45
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Rocha SM, Costa CP, Martins C. Aroma Clouds of Foods: A Step Forward to Unveil Food Aroma Complexity Using GC × GC. Front Chem 2022; 10:820749. [PMID: 35300387 PMCID: PMC8921485 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.820749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The human senses shape the life in several aspects, namely well-being, socialization, health status, and diet, among others. However, only recently, the understanding of this highly sophisticated sensory neuronal pathway has gained new advances. Also, it is known that each olfactory receptor cell expresses only one type of odorant receptor, and each receptor can detect a limited number of odorant substances. Odorant substances are typically volatile or semi-volatile in nature, exhibit low relative molecular weight, and represent a wide variety of chemical families. These molecules may be released from foods, constituting clouds surrounding them, and are responsible for their aroma properties. A single natural aroma may contain a huge number of volatile components, and some of them are present in trace amounts, which make their study especially difficult. Understanding the components of food aromas has become more important than ever with the transformation of food systems and the increased innovation in the food industry. Two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-ToFMS) seems to be a powerful technique for the analytical coverage of the food aromas. Thus, the main purpose of this review is to critically discuss the potential of the GC × GC-based methodologies, combined with a headspace solvent-free microextraction technique, in tandem with data processing and data analysis, as a useful tool to the analysis of the chemical aroma clouds of foods. Due to the broad and complex nature of the aroma chemistry subject, some concepts and challenges related to the characterization of volatile molecules and the perception of aromas will be presented in advance. All topics covered in this review will be elucidated, as much as possible, with examples reported in recent publications, to make the interpretation of the fascinating world of food aroma chemistry more attractive and perceptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia M. Rocha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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Sun S, Wang X, Yuan A, Liu J, Li Z, Xie D, Zhang H, Luo W, Xu H, Liu J, Nie C, Zhang H. Chemical constituents and bioactivities of hops (
Humulus lupulus L
.) and their effects on beer‐related microorganisms. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shaokang Sun
- Key Microbiology Laboratory of Shandong Province School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Key Microbiology Laboratory of Shandong Province School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Ai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Jianlin Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China
| | - Zebin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Dongxiao Xie
- Biology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences Shandong Normal University Jinan China
| | - Wenqing Luo
- Global Leaders College Yonsei University Seoul Korea
| | - Hengyuan Xu
- Key Microbiology Laboratory of Shandong Province School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Jinshang Liu
- Key Microbiology Laboratory of Shandong Province School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Cong Nie
- Key Microbiology Laboratory of Shandong Province School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
| | - Haojun Zhang
- Key Microbiology Laboratory of Shandong Province School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China
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Eitzmann DR, Varona M, Anderson JL. Thin Film Microextraction Enables Rapid Isolation and Recovery of DNA for Downstream Amplification Assays. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3677-3684. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek R. Eitzmann
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Marcelino Varona
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jared L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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48
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Adsorption characteristics of polythiophene for tetracyclines and determination of tetracyclines in fish and chicken manure by solid phase extraction-HPLC method. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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49
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Abstract
Off-flavors in fish and water are considered a worldwide problem. Several factors, such as the presence of phosphorus, micronutrients, and organic matter, contribute to phytoplankton proliferation and the production of off-flavors. Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol are the most common off-flavors that confer the smell of earth or mold to water and fish. These metabolites are not considered toxic, but they can be easily transferred from water to living organisms and accumulate in the biota, up the trophic levels and to consumers, including fish species. Numerous processes have been studied to eliminate or reduce the presence of off-flavors in recirculating aquaculture systems. Managing off-flavors must be eco-friendly and consumer-friendly. Strategies against off-flavors must be efficient and low-cost. However, these solutions may be different for each fish production system. We review herein the main compounds produced by cyanobacteria that can accumulate in fish used in aquaculture that can affect the quality of food, as well as production costs and consumer preference.
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50
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Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds of Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg Fruit Pulp. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030935. [PMID: 35164199 PMCID: PMC8838651 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg is a native species to the Cerrado biome with significant nutritional value. However, its volatile organic compounds (VOCs) chemical profile is not reported in the scientific literature. VOCs are low molecular weight chemical compounds capable of conferring aroma to fruit, constituting quality markers, and participating in the maintenance and preservation of fruit species. This work studied and determined the best conditions for extraction and analysis of VOCs from the pulp of Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg fruit and identified and characterized its aroma. Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was employed using different fiber sorbents: DVB/CAR/PDMS, PDMS/DVB, and PA. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed to separate, detect, and identify VOCs. Variables of time and temperature of extraction and sample weight distinctly influenced the extraction of volatiles for each fiber. PDMS/DVB was the most efficient, followed by PA and CAR/PDMS/DVB. Thirty-eight compounds that comprise the aroma were identified among sesquiterpenes (56.4%) and monoterpenes (30.8%), such as α-fenchene, guaiol, globulol, α-muurolene, γ-himachalene, α-pinene, γ-elemene, and patchoulene.
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