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Zhang J, Abdulkhaleq AMA, Wang J, Zhou X. Rational design of a novel acryl-modified CQDs fluorescent probe for highly selective detection and imaging of cysteine in vitro and in vivo. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:331. [PMID: 37501043 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent nanoprobe CQDs-O-Acryl has been designed and synthesized to directly and accurately identify Cys over other biothiols in PBS (10 mM, pH 7.4) buffer. The carbon quantum dots (CQDs-OH) (λex/em maxima = 495/525 nm) were fabricated by a solvothermal method using resorcinol as the carbon source. The CQDs-O-Acryl was achieved through covalently grafting the acryloyl group on the surface of carbon quantum dots by nuclear reaction based on static quenching. The structure and morphology of CQDs-OH and CQDs-O-Acryl have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Upon the addition of Cys, the ester bond of CQDs-O-Acryl has been broken, and the free CQDs were released by conjugated addition and cyclization reactions successively, emitting strong green fluorescence at 525 nm (λex = 495 nm). Under the optimized conditions, CQDs-O-Acryl exhibited good sensing of Cys within the range 0.095-16 μM (the LOD of 0.095 μM). Due to the high sensitivity, reliability, fast fluorescence response (10 min), and low toxicity of CQDs-O-Acryl, it was successfully applied to fluorescence imaging of Cys in A549 cells and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xibin Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Zhang J, Zhou X, Wang J, Fang D. A red-emitting Europium(III) complex as a luminescent probe with large Stokes shift for the sequential determination of Cu 2+ and biothiols in real samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 282:121663. [PMID: 35917616 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel Eu3+-DTPA-bis(AMC) complex with red luminescence was designed and synthesized for sequential detection of Cu2+ and biothiols (Cys/Hcy/GSH) based on the displacement strategy with the good selectivity, high sensitivity, and large Stokes shift (288 nm). The possible detection mechanism was verified by UV-vis, the high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the fluorescence decay curve. The experimental parameters, including the solution pH, the incubation time, the concentration ratio of Eu3+-DTPA-bis(AMC) to Cu2+ and biothiols concentration, were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, it shows a good linear relationship between the concentration (0-10 μM) of Cu2+ and the fluorescence intensity of Eu3+-DTPA-bis(AMC), with a low detection limit of 0.065 μM. The linear range and the limit of detection of the Eu3+-DTPA-bis(AMC)/Cu2+ system for Cys/Hcy/GSH were 2.5-22.5/5-45/5-50 μM and 0.11/0.07/0.05 μM, respectively. Surprisingly, the high or low concentration of Eu3+-DTPA-bis(AMC)/Cu2+ can significantly affect the selectivity of the sensing system to biothiols (Cys/GSH/Hcy). When the concentration of the Eu3+-DTPA-bis(AMC)/Cu2+ system is 10.0 μΜ, it could recognize biothiols (Cys/GSH/Hcy) from other substances, but when the concentration is as low as 3.3 μM, it could further specifically distinguished Cys from Hcy/GSH. Owing to the high anti-interference characteristics, accuracy and specificity, the sensing system was well applied to the cascade detection of Cu2+ in actual environmental samples and Cys in biological and food samples, including FBS, urine, milk, beverage, fresh juice with the satisfactory recoveries from 96.20 to 106.80 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, PR China
| | - Xibin Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China.
| | - Dawei Fang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China.
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A Facile Probe for Fluorescence Turn-on and Simultaneous Naked-Eyes Discrimination of H 2S and biothiols (Cys and GSH) and Its Application. J Fluoresc 2021; 32:175-188. [PMID: 34687397 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide and biothiol molecules such as Cys and GSH acted important roles in many physiological processes. To simultaneously detect and distinguish them was quite necessary by a suitable fluorescent probe. A novel chemosensor 4-(4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)-7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazole (BMNO) was designed to detect H2S/Cys/GSH using the combination of nitrobenzofurazan (NBD) and benzothiazole fluorophores linked by a facile ether bond. The probe BMNO was developed for simultaneous identification of H2S, Cys and GSH. Noticeably, the color changes (from colorless to light purple, light orange and light yellow) of probe BMNO solutions for sensing H2S, Cys and GSH could be observed by naked eyes, respectively. The probe BMNO exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity for H2S, Cys and GSH showing distinct optical signal with detection limit as low as 0.15 μM, 0.03 μM and 0.14 μM, respectively. The sensing mechanism was clarified by spectrum analysis and some controlled experiments. In addition, these outstanding properties of probe BMNO enabled its practical applications in detection H2S in beer, and in cell imaging for Cys and GSH as well.
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Mei H, Gu X, Wang M, Cai Y, Xu K. A novel cysteine fluorescent probe based on benzothiazole and quinoline with a large stokes shift and application in living cell and mice. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Li Y, Shi N, Li M. An efficient ruthenium(ii) tris(bipyridyl)-based chemosensor for the specific detection of cysteine and its luminescence imaging in living zebrafish. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble, red emissive and cysteine-specific probe has been achieved through 1,4-addition of cysteine to α,β-unsaturated ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
| | - Ningning Shi
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
| | - Minna Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
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Ma Y, Zhao Y, Xia L, Huang J, Gu Y, Wang P. A novel one- and two-photon fluorescent probe induced by light for selective imaging of Cys in living cells and tissues. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1035:161-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Enriquez JS, Yu M, Bouley BS, Xie D, Que EL. Copper(ii) complexes for cysteine detection using 19F magnetic resonance. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15024-15030. [PMID: 30303220 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine plays an essential role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and perturbations in cysteine concentration are associated with cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and cancer. 19F MRI is a promising modality for detecting cysteine in biology due to its high tissue penetration and negligible biological background signal. Herein we report fluorinated macrocyclic copper complexes that display a 19F NMR/MRI turn-on response following reduction of the Cu(ii) complexes by cysteine. The reactivity with cysteine was studied by monitoring the appearance of a robust diamagnetic 19F signal following addition of cysteine in conjunction with UV-vis and EPR spectroscopies. Importantly, complexes with -CH2CF3 tags display good water solubility. Studies with this complex in HeLa cells demonstrate the applicability of these probes to detect cysteine in complex biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- José S Enriquez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
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Ivanov AV, Bulgakova PO, Virus ED, Kruglova MP, Alexandrin VV, Gadieva VA, Luzyanin BP, Kushlinskii NE, Fedoseev AN, Kubatiev AA. Capillary electrophoresis coupled with chloroform-acetonitrile extraction for rapid and highly selective determination of cysteine and homocysteine levels in human blood plasma and urine. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2646-2653. [PMID: 28681932 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and selective method has been developed for highly sensitive determination of total cysteine and homocysteine levels in human blood plasma and urine by capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with liquid-liquid extraction. Analytes were first derivatized with 1,1'-thiocarbonyldiimidazole and then samples were purified by chloroform-ACN extraction. Electrophoretic separation was performed using 0.1 M phosphate with 30 mM triethanolamine, pH 2, containing 25 μM CTAB, 2.5 μM SDS, and 2.5% polyethylene glycol 600. Samples were injected into the capillary (with total length 32 cm and 50 μm id) at 2250 mbar*s and subsequent injection was performed for 30 s with 0.5 M KОН. The total analysis time was less than 9 min, accuracy was 98%, and precision was <2.6%. The LOD was 0.2 μM for homocysteine and 0.5 μM for cysteine. The use of liquid-liquid extraction allowed the precision and sensitivity of the CE method to be significantly increased. The validated method was applied to determine total cysteine and homocysteine content in human blood plasma and urine samples obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Polina Olegovna Bulgakova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", Moscow, Russia
| | - Edward Danielevich Virus
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Petrovna Kruglova
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Boris Petrovich Luzyanin
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anatolij Nikolaevich Fedoseev
- State Budgetary Institution of the city of Moscow "City clinical hospital №24" of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aslan Amirkhanovich Kubatiev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", Moscow, Russia
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9
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Cieslarova Z, Lopes FS, do Lago CL, França MC, Colnaghi Simionato AV. Capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry determination of glutamic acid and homocysteine's metabolites: Potential biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Talanta 2017; 170:63-68. [PMID: 28501214 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects both lower and upper motor neurons, leading to muscle atrophy, paralysis, and death caused by respiratory failure or infectious complications. Altered levels of homocysteine, cysteine, methionine, and glutamic acid have been observed in plasma of ALS patients. In this context, a method for determination of these potential biomarkers in plasma by capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry (CE-MS/MS) is proposed herein. Sample preparation was carefully investigated, since sulfur-containing amino acids may interact with plasma proteins. Owing to the non-thiol sulfur atom in methionine, it was necessary to split sample preparation into two methods: i) determination of homocysteine and cysteine as S-acetyl amino acids; ii) determination of glutamic acid and methionine. All amino acids were separated within 25min by CE-MS/MS using 5molL-1 acetic acid as background electrolyte and 5mmolL-1 acetic acid in 50% methanol/H2O (v/v) as sheath liquid. The proposed CE-MS/MS method was validated, presenting RSD values below 6% and 11% for intra- and inter-day precision, respectively, for the middle concentration level within the linear range. The limits of detection ranged from 35 (homocysteine) to 268nmolL-1 (glutamic acid). The validated method was applied to the analysis of plasma samples from a group of healthy individuals and patients with ALS, showing the potential of glutamic acid and homocysteine metabolites as biomarkers of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Cieslarova
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Silva Lopes
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 - Cidade Universitaria, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudimir Lucio do Lago
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 - Cidade Universitaria, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcondes Cavalcante França
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6111, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Valéria Colnaghi Simionato
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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10
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Denoroy L, Parrot S. Analysis of Amino Acids and Related Compounds by Capillary Electrophoresis. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2016.1212378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Capillary electrophoresis coupled with 1,1′-thiocarbonyldiimidazole derivatization for the rapid detection of total homocysteine and cysteine in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1004:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Liu M, Jiang Q, Lu Z, Huang Y, Tan Y, Jiang Q. A coumarin-based fluorescent turn-on probe for detection of biothiols in vitro. LUMINESCENCE 2015; 30:1395-402. [PMID: 25924593 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent probe (CA-N) was designed and synthesized for detection of biothiols. CA-N displayed a strong fluorescence in the presence of biothiols with high sensitivity, and the mechanism for detection biothiols was based on the Michael addition reaction of a thiol group to α,β-unsaturated ketones. CA-N showed low detection limit for cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH), which were calculated as 3.16, 0.19 and 5.15 μM, respectively. At the same time, CA-N exhibited high selectivity toward biothiols compared with other biological amino acids. In vitro cell experiments proved that CA-N had no cytotoxicity, high cell permeability and could be employed in living cell imaging for biothiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhiyun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yanfei Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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Wu Q, Xiao Z, Du X, Song Q. A Novel Ratiometric Two‐Photon Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Biothiols in Solution and Imaging of Living Cells. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:2564-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Qing Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026 (P. R. China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3601592
| | - Zu‐Feng Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026 (P. R. China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3601592
| | - Xiao‐Jiao Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027 (P. R. China)
| | - Qin‐Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026 (P. R. China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3601592
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Das P, Mandal AK, Reddy G U, Baidya M, Ghosh SK, Das A. Designing a thiol specific fluorescent probe for possible use as a reagent for intracellular detection and estimation in blood serum: kinetic analysis to probe the role of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6604-14. [PMID: 23986325 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A new and simple chemodosimetric probe L1 is utilized for the selective detection of biothiols in the presence of other relevant amino acids under physiological conditions (pH = 7.4). This eventually led to a turn-off luminescence response due to an effective photoinduced electron transfer based signaling mechanism. A comparison of the results of the fluorescence kinetic analysis and (1)H NMR studies of the reaction between thiol and L1 or the analogous compound L2 revealed the role of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in activating the imine functionality towards nucleophilic addition. Such an example is not common in contemporary literature. Conventional MTT assay studies revealed that this probe (L1) has low cytotoxicity. Results of the cell imaging studies revealed that this probe was cell membrane permeable and could detect the intracellular distribution of biothiols within living HeLa cells. Furthermore, our studies with human blood plasma demonstrated the possibility of using this reagent for the quantitative optical detection of total biothiols in biological fluid. Such an example for the detection of biothiols in real biological samples is rare in the contemporary literature. These results clearly demonstrate the possibility of using this reagent in medicinal biology and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadip Das
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
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Chen S, Tian J, Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Zhao S. A one-step selective fluorescence turn-on detection of cysteine and homocysteine based on a facile CdTe/CdS quantum dots–phenanthroline system. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 787:181-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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16
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Tang Y, Yang HR, Sun HB, Liu SJ, Wang JX, Zhao Q, Liu XM, Xu WJ, Li SB, Huang W. Rational Design of an “OFF-ON” Phosphorescent Chemodosimeter Based on an Iridium(III) Complex and Its Application for Time-Resolved Luminescent Detection and Bioimaging of Cysteine and Homocysteine. Chemistry 2012; 19:1311-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Das P, Mandal AK, Chandar NB, Baidya M, Bhatt HB, Ganguly B, Ghosh SK, Das A. New chemodosimetric reagents as ratiometric probes for cysteine and homocysteine and possible detection in living cells and in blood plasma. Chemistry 2012; 18:15382-93. [PMID: 23060260 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have rationally designed and synthesized two new reagents (L(1) and L(2)), each bearing a pendant aldehyde functionality. This aldehyde group can take part in cyclization reactions with β- or γ-amino thiols to yield the corresponding thiazolidine and thiazinane derivatives, respectively. The intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) bands of these thiazolidine and thiazinane derivatives are distinctly different from those of the molecular probes (L(1) and L(2)). Such changes could serve as a potential platform for using L(1) and L(2) as new colorimetric/fluorogenic as well as ratiometric sensors for cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy) under physiological conditions. Both reagents proved to be specific towards Cys and Hcy even in the presence of various amino acids, glucose, and DNA. Importantly, these two chemodosimetric reagents could be used for the quantitative detection of Cys present in blood plasma by using a pre-column HPLC technique. Such examples are not common in contemporary literature. MTT assay studies have revealed that these probes have low cytotoxicity. Confocal laser scanning micrographs of cells demonstrated that these probes could penetrate cell membranes and could be used to detect intracellular Cys/Hcy present within living cells. Thus, the results presented in this article not only demonstrate the efficiency and specificity of two ratiometric chemodosimeter molecules for the quantitative detection of Cys and Hcy, but also provide a strategy for developing reagents for analysis of these vital amino acids in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadip Das
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
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Wang R, Chen L, Liu P, Zhang Q, Wang Y. Sensitive Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Thiols Based on SeN Bond Cleavage: Imaging in Living Cells and Tissues. Chemistry 2012; 18:11343-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cao X, Lin W, Yu Q. A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Thiols Based on a Tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin–Coumarin Scaffold. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7423-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201199k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanxing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, People's Republic of China
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Ultraviolet derivatization of low-molecular-mass thiols for high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:1290-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hu B, Zhao Y, Zhu HZ, Yu SH. Selective chromogenic detection of thiol-containing biomolecules using carbonaceous nanospheres loaded with silver nanoparticles as carrier. ACS NANO 2011; 5:3166-71. [PMID: 21391719 DOI: 10.1021/nn2003053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-containing biomolecules show strong affinity with noble metal nanostructures and could not only stably protect them but also control the self-assembly process of these special nanostructures. A highly selective and sensitive chromogenic detection method has been designed for the low and high molecular weight thiol-containing biomolecules, including cysteine, glutathione, dithiothreitol, and bovine serum albumin, using a new type of carbonaceous nanospheres loaded with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as carrier. This strategy relies upon the place-exchange process between the reporter dyes on the surface of Ag NPs and the thiol groups of thiol-containing biomolecules. The concentration of biomolecules can be determined by monitoring with the fluorescence intensity of reporter dyes dispersed in solution. This new chromogenic assay method could selectively detect these biomolecules in the presence of various other amino acids and monosaccharides and even sensitively detect the thiol-containing biomolecules with different molecular weight, even including proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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22
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Selective determination of cysteines through precolumn double-labeling and liquid chromatography followed by detection of intramolecular FRET. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:1665-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Shiu HY, Chong HC, Leung YC, Wong MK, Che CM. A highly selective FRET-based fluorescent probe for detection of cysteine and homocysteine. Chemistry 2010; 16:3308-13. [PMID: 20162653 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Yan Shiu
- Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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24
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Alwael H, Connolly D, Barron L, Paull B. Development of a rapid and sensitive method for determination of cysteine/cystine ratio in chemically defined media. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3863-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Chen X, Zhou Y, Peng X, Yoon J. Fluorescent and colorimetric probes for detection of thiols. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:2120-35. [PMID: 20502801 DOI: 10.1039/b925092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1136] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the biological importances of thiols, such as cysteine, homocysteine and glutathione, the development of optical probes for thiols has been an active research area in recent few years. This critical review focuses on the fluorescent or colorimetric sensors for thiols according to their unique mechanisms between sensors and thiols, including Michael addition, cyclization with aldehyde, cleavage of sulfonamide and sulfonate ester by thiols, cleavage of selenium-nitrogen bond by thiols, cleavage of disulfide by thiols, metal complexes-oxidation-reduction, metal complexes-displace coordination, nano-particles and others (110 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science (BK 21), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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26
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Carlucci F, Tabucchi A. Capillary electrophoresis in the evaluation of aminothiols in body fluids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:3347-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Lin W, Yuan L, Cao Z, Feng Y, Long L. A sensitive and selective fluorescent thiol probe in water based on the conjugate 1,4-addition of thiols to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones. Chemistry 2009; 15:5096-103. [PMID: 19343759 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Compound 1 was designed and synthesized as a new fluorescent thiol probe. Probe 1 was constructed on the basis of the conjugate 1,4-addition of thiols to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones. Notably, probe 1 has suitable water solubility, which allows the sensing assay to be performed in water. Probe 1 is highly sensitive for thiols with a 211-fold fluorescence dynamic range and a low detection limit of 9.25x10(-7) M. The major features of probe 1 also include a high selectivity for thiols over other relevant biological species, excitation and emission in the visible region, rapid functioning at pH 7.4, and a good linear relationship between the fluorescence signal and the thiol concentration. Accordingly, these desirable characteristics may render probe 1 as potentially useful for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China.
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28
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Huck CW, Bakry R, Bonn GK. Progress in capillary electrophoresis of biomarkers and metabolites between 2002 and 2005. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:111-25. [PMID: 16315181 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Biomarker discovery and metabolite research is a fast-growing and extremely important domain not only for the early detection of certain diseases but also for controlling its progress as well as in pharmaceutical investigations. For the analytical separation and identification, CE plays an indisputable role. Capillary systems enhancing different selectivity are applied and connected to different kind of detection systems. As the choice of buffer and its composition is responsible for a successful separation, special emphasis is put on solvent effects in this review. Altogether the most important capillary electrophoretic techniques applied for biomarker and metabolites analysis published between 2002 and 2005 are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria.
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29
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Kong Y, Zheng N, Zhang Z, Gao R. Optimization stacking by transient pseudo-isotachophoresis for capillary electrophoresis: example analysis of plasma glutathione. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 795:9-15. [PMID: 12957164 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low concentrations of both reduced form glutathione (GSH) and oxidized form glutathione (GSSG) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patient's plasma were measured with transient pseudo-isotachophoresis. The plasma samples were deproteined with acetonitrile and centrifuged. The method was performed at constant voltage of 5 kV using a 300 mM borate buffer (pH 8.0), with a fused-silica capillary of 21 cm x 75 microm. The sample length can reach 25% of the efficient length of the capillary, and the sensitivities of GSH and GSSG increased 15-20-fold. The method was also systematically optimized, and the results show that this type of stacking offers good repeatability for routine clinical assay of glutathione in DN plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kong
- Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
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30
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Camera E, Picardo M. Analytical methods to investigate glutathione and related compounds in biological and pathological processes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002; 781:181-206. [PMID: 12450659 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (GSH, gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine) is a fundamental low-molecular mass antioxidant that serves several biological functions. Upon enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation, GSH forms glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and, under particular conditions, may generate other oxidative products. The determination of GSH, its precursors, and metabolites in several bio-matrices is a useful tool in studying oxidative stress. Many separative and non-separative methods have been developed and improved for the assay of GSH and related compounds. At present, high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis are the most used separative techniques to determine GSH and congeners. The review will deal with analytical methods developed over the last few years for the determination of GSH and related compounds, and with the procedures performed in sample pre-treatment in order to minimize analytical errors. Since GSH, GSSG, and related compounds lack of strong chromophores or fluorophores, it is advantageous, in many assays, to derivatize the compounds in order to improve the detection limit with UV-Vis and to allow fluorescence, thus the most commonly used labeling agents are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Camera
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Cutanea dell'Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano (IRCCS), Via San Gallicano 25/A, I-00153 Rome, Italy.
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31
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Ducros V, Demuth K, Sauvant MP, Quillard M, Caussé E, Candito M, Read MH, Drai J, Garcia I, Gerhardt MF. Methods for homocysteine analysis and biological relevance of the results. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002; 781:207-26. [PMID: 12450660 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is now widely accepted that increased total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Hyperhomocysteinemia can be caused by impaired enzyme function as a result of genetic mutation or vitamin B (B(2), B(6), B(9), B(12)) deficiency. A lot of methods are now available for tHcy determination. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection are at present the most widely used methods but immunoassays, easier to use, begin to supplant in-house laboratory methods. In order to help with the choice of a main relevant homocysteine analytical method, the characteristics, performances and limits of the main current methods are reviewed. One major drawback among all these available methods is the transferability which is not clearly established to date. The impact of both inter-method and inter-laboratory variations on the interpretation of the tHcy results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Ducros
- Département de Biologie Intégrée, CHU Grenoble, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble, France.
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32
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Pasas SA, Lacher NA, Davies MI, Lunte SM. Detection of homocysteine by conventional and microchip capillary electrophoresis/electrochemistry. Electrophoresis 2002; 23:759-66. [PMID: 11891709 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200203)23:5<759::aid-elps759>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A method based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) with electrochemical (EC) detection for the determination of both total homocysteine (tHcy) and protein-bound homocysteine (pbHcy) in plasma is described. Both end-column and off-column amperometric detection were investigated. Off-column detection resulted in a more sensitive assay for the determination of homocysteine (Hcy). The detection limit for homocysteine was 500 nM using off-column EC detection and the response was linear over the range 1-100 microM. Therefore, this assay is appropriate for the quantification of Hcy over the physiological concentration ranges found in all disease states. Methodologies for the determination of tHcy and pbHcy in human plasma were investigated and optimized and the concentrations of both pbHcy and tHcy in plasma obtained from a healthy individual were determined to be 2.79+/-0.31 nuM (n = 4) and 3.37+/-0.15 microM (n = 3), respectively. The methodology was then transferred to a microchip CE-EC format and Hcy and reduced glutathione (GSH) were detected. Future work will focus on the development of ancillary methodologies to identify the other forms of Hcy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Pasas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
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33
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Thormann W, Lurie IS, McCord B, Marti U, Cenni B, Malik N. Advances ofcapillary electrophoresis in clinical and forensic analysis (1999-2000). Electrophoresis 2001; 22:4216-43. [PMID: 11824639 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200111)22:19<4216::aid-elps4216>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, capillary electrophoresis in clinical and forensic analysis is reviewed on the basis of the literature of 1999, 2000 and the first papers in 2001. An overview of progress relevant examples for each major field of application, namely (i) analysis of drug seizures, explosives residues, gunshot residues and inks, (ii) monitoring of drugs, endogenous small molecules and ions in biofluids and tissues, (iii) general screening for serum proteins and analysis of specific proteins (carbohydrate deficient transferrin, alpha1-antitrypsin, lipoproteins and hemoglobins) in biological fluids, and (iv) analysis of nucleic acids and oligonucleotides in biological samples, including oligonucleotide therapeutics, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Thormann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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34
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Prata C, Bonnafous P, Fraysse N, Treilhou M, Poinsot V, Couderc F. Recent advances in amino acid analysis by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2001; 22:4129-38. [PMID: 11824633 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200111)22:19<4129::aid-elps4129>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids are studied extensively using capillary electrophoresis. In this review we will report the different researchs which have been done in the literature since 1998. We will describe the developments of, detection methods, separations of enantiomers, the new medical applications, and amino acids in food and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Prata
- Université Paul Sabatier, IMRCP, UMR 5623, Toulouse, France
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35
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High performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection for the determination of total homocysteine in human plasma: method and clinical applications. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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