Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic detection of pemoline in doping control

Determination of pemoline in plasma, urine and tissues by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

A simple and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection at 215 nm for the determination for pemoline in rat plasma, urine and tissues is described. Pemoline in the samples was extracted with methylene chloride at pH 10 and the organic phase was evaporated after adding 5-methyl-5-phenylhydantoin used as an internal standard. Pemoline and the internal standard were separated on a Kaseisorb LC C8-60-5 reversed-phase column. The limits of determination of pemoline in 0.1-0.2 ml of plasma, urine and tissue homogenates were 2, 100 and 20 ng, respectively. The method should be useful for studies of the pharmacokinetics and distribution of pemoline in small animals.

Evidence of lack of abuse or dependence following pemoline treatment: results of a retrospective survey

Pemoline is recognized as an efficacious and safe therapeutic agent for children suffering from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). A review of adverse experience reports submitted to the manufacturer suggests that Cylert (brand of pemoline) has a limited potential for abuse or dependence. Drug dependence studies in animals have demonstrated that pemoline is not self-administered in naive nor cocaine-dependent animals. Human experience indicates that, despite the fact that the drug has been available in the U.S. since 1975, use is limited and is increasing slowly. A review of the literature revealed no published case reports of euphoria, abuse, dependence or withdrawal. While there have been a few reports of tolerance, it is possible that these were a reflection of inadequate dosing rather than actual tolerance to the drug's therapeutic effects. During the 10 years that Cylert has been available in the United States, there have been only four reports of withdrawal reactions and no reported cases of dependence. Reports of intentional overdose of Cylert are minimal, with no reports involving abuse via the intravenous route.