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Georgieva S, Stefanov E, Radoykova T. Direct ion chromatographic method for speciation micro analysis of arsenic forms in industrial samples with "rich" matrix composition. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1736:465421. [PMID: 39378617 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
The speciation analysis of arsenic has consistently been a subject of great interest. However, it remains challenging to analyze complex matrix samples that contain both arsenic and interfering components. In this case, it can be hard to choose the right combinations of different instrumental methods, or a separation method followed by detection, which is usually done using a spectral approach (hybrid methods). In the production control of copper electrorefining, the determination of the concentration of As (III) and As (V) helps to improve the quality of the cathode copper produced. This work investigated the possibility of directly determining both arsenic forms and total As in an electrolyte bath using ion chromatography (IC) with conductometric detection. The use of the ion chromatographic approach for the determination of As(V) in complex matrix samples such as copper electrolyte must take into account the presence of potential interferences from anions such as sulphates, sulfites, selenites, selenates, etc. The results revealed that the method is accurate and precise, with As(V) quantification limits of 15 µg.L-1 and detection limits of 5 µg.L-1. This method is suitable for assessing various types of arsenic in the production of electrolytic copper, with the aim of replacing the current technique that requires liquid-liquid extraction and ICP-OES detection. This led to the following improvements: Enhanced efficiency: The method eliminates the need for extensive and time-consuming sample preparation for the initial separation of arsenic forms. At the same time, the method's characteristics are comparable to those of ICP-OES with liquid-liquid extraction, which is often used in the speciation analysis of arsenic. The method is environmentally friendly as it avoids the use of organic and poisonous extractants. The method can simultaneously analyze other anions (PO43-, SO42-, F-, Cl-, etc.) with arsenates with appropriate calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stela Georgieva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia 1756, Bulgaria.
| | - Eduard Stefanov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia 1756, Bulgaria
| | - Temenuzhka Radoykova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia 1756, Bulgaria
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2
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Sadee BA, Galali Y, Zebari SMS. Recent developments in speciation and determination of arsenic in marine organisms using different analytical techniques. A review. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21563-21589. [PMID: 38979458 PMCID: PMC11228943 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03000a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms play a vital role as the main providers of essential and functional food. Yet they also constitute the primary pathway through which humans are exposed to total arsenic (As) in their diets. Since it is well known that the toxicity of this metalloid ultimately depends on its chemical forms, speciation in As is an important issue. Most relevant articles about arsenic speciation have been investigated. This extended not only from general knowledge about As but also the toxicity and health related issues resulting from exposure to these As species from the food ecosystem. There can be enormous side effects originating from exposure to As species that must be measured quantitatively. Therefore, various convenient approaches have been developed to identify different species of As in marine samples. Different extraction strategies have been utilized based on the As species of interest including water, methanol and mixtures of both, and many other extraction agents have been explained in this article. Furthermore, details of hyphenated techniques which are available for detecting these As species have been documented, especially the most versatile and applied technique including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Abuzed Sadee
- Department of Food Technology, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Iraq
| | - Yaseen Galali
- Department of Food Technology, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Iraq
| | - Salih M S Zebari
- Department of Animal Resource, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Iraq
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3
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Borah P, Chetan, Sharma V, Malakar A, Bhinder SS, Kansal SK, Devi P. A Facile Method for Detection and Speciation of Inorganic Selenium with Ion Chromatography. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Luvonga C, Rimmer CA, Yu LL, Lee SB. Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Organoarsenicals in Edible Marine Species: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1910-1934. [PMID: 31999115 PMCID: PMC7250003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Setting regulatory limits for arsenic in food is complicated, owing to the enormous diversity of arsenic metabolism in humans, lack of knowledge about the toxicity of these chemicals, and lack of accurate arsenic speciation data on foodstuffs. Identification and quantification of the toxic arsenic compounds are imperative to understanding the risk associated with exposure to arsenic from dietary intake, which, in turn, underscores the need for speciation analysis of the food. Arsenic speciation in seafood is challenging, owing to its existence in myriads of chemical forms and oxidation states. Interconversions occurring between chemical forms, matrix complexity, lack of standards and certified reference materials, and lack of widely accepted measurement protocols present additional challenges. This review covers the current analytical techniques for diverse arsenic species. The requirement for high-quality arsenic speciation data that is essential for establishing legislation and setting regulatory limits for arsenic in food is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Luvonga
- Analytical Chemistry Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , 100 Bureau Drive , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Catherine A Rimmer
- Analytical Chemistry Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , 100 Bureau Drive , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Lee L Yu
- Analytical Chemistry Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , 100 Bureau Drive , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Sang Bok Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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5
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Jeong S, Lee H, Kim YT, Yoon HO. Development of a simultaneous analytical method to determine arsenic speciation using HPLC-ICP-MS: Arsenate, arsenite, monomethylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, dimethyldithioarsinic acid, and dimethylmonothioarsinic acid. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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6
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Simultaneous determination of arsenic and mercury species in rice by ion-pairing reversed phase chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2016; 213:609-615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Wang YD, Wang X, Wong YS. Generation of selenium-enriched rice with enhanced grain yield, selenium content and bioavailability through fertilisation with selenite. Food Chem 2013; 141:2385-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Anawar HM. Arsenic speciation in environmental samples by hydride generation and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta 2012; 88:30-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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9
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Wang Y, Bai Y, Liang M, Zheng W. Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Selenocystine and Selenomethionine Using SAM nanoSe0/Vc/SeCys-Film Modified Au Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Afton S, Kubachka K, Catron B, Caruso JA. Simultaneous characterization of selenium and arsenic analytes via ion-pairing reversed phase chromatography with inductively coupled plasma and electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry for detection applications to river water, plant extract and urine matrices. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1208:156-63. [PMID: 18778826 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2008] [Revised: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With an increased awareness and concern for varying toxicities of the different chemical forms of environmental contaminants such as selenium and arsenic, effective methodologies for speciation are paramount. In general, chromatographic methodologies have been developed using a particular detection system and a unique matrix for single element speciation. In this study, a routine method to speciate selenium and arsenic in a variety of "real world" matrices with elemental and molecular mass spectrometric detection has been successfully accomplished. Specifically, four selenium species, selenite, selenate, selenomethionine and selenocystine, and four arsenic species, arsenite, arsenate, monomethlyarsonate and dimethylarsinate, were simultaneously separated using ion-pairing reversed phase chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma and electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry. Using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide as the ion-pairing reagent on a C(18) column, the separation and re-equilibration time was attained within 18min. To illustrate the wide range of possible applications, the method was then successfully applied for the detection of selenium and arsenic species found naturally and spiked in river water, plant extract and urine matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Afton
- University of Cincinnati, University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
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11
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Optimal experimental design in chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1177:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Revised: 11/13/2007] [Accepted: 11/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Chen Z, Akter KF, Rahman MM, Naidu R. Speciation of arsenic by ion chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using ammonium eluents. J Sep Sci 2007; 29:2671-6. [PMID: 17313108 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200500304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A method based on ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma MS (ICP-MS) was developed for the speciation of arsenic in water and soil extracts. An anion-exchange column (G3154A/101) was used to separate As(III), As(V), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) with excellent resolution. Various ammonium salts, including NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, (NH4)2CO3, and NH4HCO3, were examined as eluents to reduce matrix interference from chloride and to solve clogging problems. The best arsenic speciation was obtained within 9 min with excellent resolution and without interference from high chloride concentrations using an eluent containing 7.5 mM (NH4)2HPO4 at pH 7.9. The detection limits for the target arsenic species ranged from 0.1 to 0.4 microg/L with direct injection of sample without matrix elimination. The proposed method was effectively demonstrated by determining arsenic species in contaminated waters and soils of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZuLiang Chen
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia.
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13
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ZHANG L, MORITA Y, SAKURAGAWA A, ISOZAKI A. Inorganic speciation of As(III, V), Se(IV, VI) and Sb(III, V) in natural water with GF-AAS using solid phase extraction technology. Talanta 2007; 72:723-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2006.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Ferreira SLC, Bruns RE, da Silva EGP, Dos Santos WNL, Quintella CM, David JM, de Andrade JB, Breitkreitz MC, Jardim ICSF, Neto BB. Statistical designs and response surface techniques for the optimization of chromatographic systems. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1158:2-14. [PMID: 17416377 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2007] [Revised: 03/08/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes fundamentals and applications of multivariate statistical techniques for the optimization of chromatographic systems. The surface response methodologies: central composite design, Doehlert matrix and Box-Behnken design are discussed and applications of these techniques for optimization of sample preparation steps (extractions) and determination of experimental conditions for chromatographic separations are presented. The use of mixture design for optimization of mobile phases is also related. An optimization example involving a real separation process is exhaustively described. A discussion about model validation is presented. Some applications of other multivariate techniques for optimization of chromatographic methods are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Luis Costa Ferreira
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, Bahia 40170-290, Brazil.
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15
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Kulikov AU. Determination of selenium(IV) in pharmaceuticals and premixes by micellar liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 43:1283-9. [PMID: 17156959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2006] [Revised: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A simple micellar liquid chromatographic technique for the determination of selenium(IV) in pharmaceutical products (multi-vitamin tablets, syrups) and animal premixes after pre-column derivatization with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene was developed and validated. Hypersil ODS column, 10% (v/v) 1-butanol in 0.05 M sodium dodecyl sulfate as the mobile phase and UV detection at 378 nm and were used. The retention time was about 8 min. In the course of the validation study, the specificity of the method was demonstrated. Linearity was established in the range 0.33-3.3 microg ml(-1) of selenium(IV) content. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.1 and 0.3 microg ml(-1), respectively. The method showed excellent accuracy (100.04%). Precision (repeatability) gave a relative standard deviation less than 1%. The influence of the various method parameters (robustness study) was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem U Kulikov
- Laboratory of Pharmacopoeial Analysis, Scientific and Expert Pharmacopoeial Centre, Astronomicheskaya street 33, 61085 Kharkov, Ukraine.
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16
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Liang L, Mo S, Zhang P, Cai Y, Mou S, Jiang G, Wen M. Selenium speciation by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography–post-column UV irradiation coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1118:139-43. [PMID: 16635492 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Revised: 03/29/2006] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A technique for the speciation of selenomethylcysteine (SeMeCys), selenocystine (SeCys), selenite [Se(IV)] and selenomethionine (SeMet) was established in this paper using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPAEC-AFS). Analytes were separated on an AminoPac PA10 column and then digested by on-line ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, which destroyed organic compound structure. Hydride generation was used as an available sample introduction technique for atomic fluorescence detection. The detection limits of four compounds were 1-5 microg/L (250 microL injection, 10 times of the baseline noise). The relative standard deviations (RSDs), calculated from seven consecutive injections of 100 microg/L standard mixtures, were from 2 to 4%. Selenious yeast tablet, which had been proposed as selenium supplement, and human urine collected from a volunteer were analyzed. Good spiked recoveries from 86 to 103% were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
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17
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Liang L, Mo S, Cai Y, Mou S, Jiang G, Wen M. Direct amino acid analysis method for speciation of selenoamino acids using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with integrated pulsed amperometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1118:134-8. [PMID: 16529758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2005] [Revised: 02/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Speciation analysis of selenomethylcysteine (SeMeCys), selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocystine (SeCys) has been performed using a direct amino acid analysis method with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) coupled with integrated pulsed amperometric detection (IPAD). Three selenoamino acids could be baseline-separated from 19 amino acids using gradient elution conditions for amino acids and determined under new six-potential waveform. Detection limits for SeMeCys, SeMet and SeCys were 0.25, 1 and 20 microg/L (25 microL injection, 10 times of the baseline noise), respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 200 microg/L SeMeCys, SeMet and SeCys were 3.1, 4.1 and 2.8%, respectively (n=9, 25 microL injection). The proposed method has been applied for determination of selenoamino acids in extracts of garlic and selenious yeast granule samples. No selenoamino acids were found in garlic. Both SeMet and SeCys were detected in selenious yeast tablet with the content of 45 and 129 microg Se/g, respectively. Selenoamino acids standards were spiked in garlic and yeast granule samples and the recovery ranged from 90 to 106%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
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18
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Hirata S, Toshimitsu H, Aihara M. Determination of Arsenic Species in Marine Samples by HPLC-ICP-MS. ANAL SCI 2006; 22:39-43. [PMID: 16429770 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.22.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic speciation analysis in marine samples was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ICP-MS detection. The separation of eight arsenic species viz. arsenite (As(III)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), arsenate (As(V)), arsenobetaine, trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO), arsenocholine and tetramethylarsonium ion (TeMAs) was achieved on a Shiseido Capcell Pak C18 column by using an isocratic eluent (pH 3.0), in which condition As(III) and MMA were co-eluted. The entire separation was accomplished in 15 min. The detection limits for 8 arsenic species by HPLC/ICP-MS were in the range of 0.02 - 0.10 microg L(-1) based on 3sigma of blank response (n=9). The precision was calculated to be 3.1-7.3% (RSD) for all eight species. The method then successfully applied to several marine samples e.g., oyster, scallop, fish, and shrimps. For the extraction of arsenic species from seafood products, the low power microwave digestion was employed. The extraction efficiency was in the range of 52.9 - 112.3%. Total arsenic concentrations were analyzed by using the microwave acid digestion. The total arsenics in the certified reference materials (DORM-2 and TORT-2) were analyzed and agreed with the certified values. The concentrations of arsenics in marine samples were in the range 6.6 - 35.1 microg g(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuko Hirata
- Biomass Technology Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-2-2 Hiro-suehiro, Kure 737-0197, Japan.
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19
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Simon S, Barats A, Pannier F, Potin-Gautier M. Development of an on-line UV decomposition system for direct coupling of liquid chromatography to atomic-fluorescence spectrometry for selenium speciation analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 383:562-9. [PMID: 16151592 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-0056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2005] [Revised: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 08/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Speciation analysis of four selenium species (selenite, selenate, selenocystine, and selenomethionine) has been performed by on-line coupling of liquid chromatography (LC), UV decomposition, hydride generation (HG), and atomic-fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). Because only selenite (Se(IV)) can generate hydrides, on-line conversion of organic and inorganic selenium species is discussed. Preliminary study showed that the use of only UV light was not sufficient to reduce selenate, because no absorption is observed for this compound at the main wavelength of the low-pressure mercury lamp (253.7 nm). Thus, new conditions based on addition of a reducing reagent (I-) were developed. Mechanisms of action are proposed to explain selenium species conversions. Because of their compatibility with on-line treatment, phosphate buffers were used for chromatographic separation on an anion exchange column (Hamilton PRP-X100). Detection limits (19-60 pg Se) and repeatability of the technique were close to those obtained by conventional quadrupole ICPMS. Applications to real samples such as water and oysters are presented and emphasize the robustness of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement-UMR 5034, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 64000 Pau, France
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20
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Hirata S, Toshimitsu H. Determination of arsenic species and arsenosugars in marine samples by HPLC–ICP–MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 383:454-60. [PMID: 16132126 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2005] [Revised: 06/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic-speciation analysis in marine samples was performed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ICP-MS detection. Separation of eight arsenic species--As(III), MMA, DMA, As(V), AB, TMAO, AC and TeMAs(+)--was achieved on a C(18) column with isocratic elution (pH 3.0), under which conditions As(III) and MMA co-eluted. The entire separation was accomplished in 15 min. The HPLC-ICP-MS detection limits for the eight arsenic species were in the range 0.03-0.23 microg L(-1) based on 3 sigma for the blank response (n=5). The precision was calculated to be 2.4-8.0% (RSD) for the eight species. The method was successfully applied to several marine samples, e.g. oysters, fish, shrimps, and marine algae. Low-power microwave digestion was employed for extraction of arsenic from seafood products; ultrasonic extraction was employed for the extraction of arsenic from seaweeds. Separation of arsenosugars was achieved on an anion-exchange column. Concentrations of arsenosugars 2, 3, and 4 in marine algae were in the range 0.18-9.59 microg g(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuko Hirata
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kure 737-0197, Japan.
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21
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Terlecka E. Arsenic speciation analysis in water samples: a review of the hyphenated techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2005; 107:259-84. [PMID: 16418917 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-005-3109-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2004] [Accepted: 08/31/2004] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Interests in the determination of different arsenic species in natural waters is caused by the fact that toxic effects of arsenic are connected with its chemical forms and oxidation states. In determinations of water samples inorganic arsenate (As(III), As(V)), methylated metabolities (MMAA, DMAA) and other organic forms such as AsB, AsC, arsenosugars or arsenic containing lipids have the most importance. This article provides information about occurrence of the dominant arsenic forms in various water environments. The main factors controlling arsenic speciation in water are described. The quantification of species is difficult because the concentrations of different forms in water samples are relatively low compared to the detection limits of the available analytical techniques. Several hyphenated methods used in arsenic speciation analysis are described. Specific advantages and disadvantages of methods can define their application for a particular sample analysis. Insufficient selectivity and sensitivity of arsenic speciation methods cause searching for a new or modifications already existing techniques. Some aspects of improvement and modifications of the methods are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Terlecka
- Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, ul. Parkowa 30, Wroclaw, Poland.
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22
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Shaw MJ, Haddad PR. The determination of trace metal pollutants in environmental matrices using ion chromatography. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2004; 30:403-431. [PMID: 14987873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2003.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2003] [Accepted: 09/23/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A review is presented detailing the development of ion chromatography (IC) as a selective analytical tool for the determination of toxic metals and their organic species in many environmental sample matrices. A brief outline of ion chromatographic principles, together with an overview of the stationary phases used to separate metals, namely ion exchangers, modified ion pair sorbents and chelating ion exchangers, and the methods for detecting metal ions including hyphenation with spectroscopy and sample preparation schemes are also given, prior to a critical examination of developed methods for various metals including arsenic, chromium, cadmium, lead, mercury, beryllium, aluminium and uranium since 1990.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Shaw
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-75, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia
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Francesconi KA, Kuehnelt D. Determination of arsenic species: A critical review of methods and applications, 2000–2003. Analyst 2004; 129:373-95. [PMID: 15116227 DOI: 10.1039/b401321m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We review recent research in the field of arsenic speciation analysis with the emphasis on significant advances, novel applications and current uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Francesconi
- Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry, Karl-Franzens University, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Prest JE, Baldock SJ, Fielden PR, Goddard NJ, Treves Brown BJ. Determination of inorganic selenium species by miniaturised isotachophoresis on a planar polymer chip. Anal Bioanal Chem 2003; 376:78-84. [PMID: 12734620 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-1857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2002] [Revised: 01/27/2003] [Accepted: 01/29/2003] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of miniaturised isotachophoresis to allow the simultaneous determination of two inorganic selenium species has been investigated using a poly(methyl methacrylate) chip with a 44-mm-long, 200-microm-wide, 300-microm-deep separation channel. The miniaturised device included an integrated on-column, dual-electrode conductivity detector and was used in conjunction with a hydrodynamic fluid transport system. A simple electrolyte system has been developed which allowed the separation of selenium(IV) and selenium(VI) species to be made in under 210 s. The limits of detection were calculated to be 0.52 mg L(-1) for selenium(IV) and 0.65 mg L(-1 )for selenium(VI). The method allowed the separation of the selenium species from a range of common anions including fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, sulfate and sulfite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff E Prest
- Department of Instrumentation and Analytical Science, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK.
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Ion-chromatography of inorganic selenium species with a preliminary preconcentration step. Chromatographia 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02492085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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