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Sadeghi M, Moghimifar Z, Javadian H, Jahanshahi M, Farsadrooh M. Treatment of nano-oil polluted wastewater in an expanded bed adsorption column based on carboxymethyl cellulose-cellulose-nickel composite beads. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126038. [PMID: 34015714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, spherical carboxymethyl cellulose-cellulose-nickel (CMC-C-Ni) composite beads as novel adsorbent was synthesized to make a stable expanded bed adsorption (EBA) column for the treatment of the oily wastewater collected from the downstream of rapeseed industry. The morphology and structure of the CMC-C-Ni composite beads were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscope. The SEM images revealed that the synthesized composite beads were spherical with porous structure. The pore size of the beads was in the range of 90-200 nm. The physical characteristics of the CMC-C-Ni composite beads including wet density, porosity, and water content were respectively in the ranges of 1.23-1.63 g/cm3, 82.29-90.75%, and 52-76%. The factor of bed expansion in the range of 2-3 was corresponded with Richardson-Zaki equation. The results showed that by increasing the fluid viscosity, the terminal settling velocity (Ut) was reduced. The expansion index values were between 2.77 and 3.14 that were close to 4.8 (commonly utilized index in the laminar flow regimes). CMC-C-Ni composite beads were tested when the velocity of fluid was ˂ 700 cm/h, and the Daxl was found to be ˂ 1 × 10-5 m2/s (steady state).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Sadeghi
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noushirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Moghimifar
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamedreza Javadian
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSEIB, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mohsen Jahanshahi
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noushirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Majid Farsadrooh
- Renewable Energies Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P.O. Box 98135 674, Zahedan, Iran
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2
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Xia HF, Zhou TJ, Du YX, Wang YJ, Shi CH, Wood DW. Improved protein purification system based on C-terminal cleavage of Npu DnaE split intein. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:1931-1941. [PMID: 32447513 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A purification system was constructed with the N-segment of the Npu DnaE split intein as an affinity ligand immobilized onto an epoxy-activated medium and the C-segment used as the cleavable tag fusing target protein. The affinity properties of C-tagged proteins adsorbed on IN affinity chromatography medium were studied with GFP as a model target protein. The saturated adsorption capacity and dynamic adsorption capacity reached 51.9-21.0 mg mL-1, respectively. With this system, two model proteins, GFP and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), has been successfully taglessly purified with regulation of Zn2+ and DTT. The yield, purification factor and purity of purified tagless GFP reached 39, 11.7 and 97%, respectively; while these values for purified tagless ADH were 38.2, 6.8 and 91%, respectively. These results showed that the system for Npu DnaE split intein-mediated affinity adsorption and in situ cleavage is a potential platform for recombinant protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Ting-Jun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ye-Xing Du
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yu-Jun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chang-Hua Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David W Wood
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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3
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Jiao K, Gao J, Zhou T, Yu J, Song H, Wei Y, Gao X. Isolation and purification of a novel antimicrobial peptide from Porphyra yezoensis. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12864. [PMID: 31353731 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to isolate antimicrobial peptides from Porphyra yezoensis. Enzymatic hydrolysate of P. yezoensis was purified by ultrafiltration, molecular sieve chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography sequentially. A novel peptide with strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and the amino acid sequence was identified to be Thr-Pro-Asp-Ser-Glu-Ala-Leu (TPDSEAL). Physical and chemical properties and antimicrobial activity of the peptide were determined. The antimicrobial mechanism was studied. The antimicrobial activity of TPDSEAL kept stable under acidic or basic conditions, high temperature, and ultraviolet radiation. The antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides may damage the cell wall and membrane, and enhance the permeability of cells, which leads to the outflow of intracellular substances and death of bacteria. This study provides novel insight into the preparation of marine-derived antimicrobial peptides. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Antimicrobial peptides, which act as defensive weapons against microbes, have been broadly used as food additives in food industry. Due to the limited amount of natural antimicrobial peptides in organisms and the high cost of chemical synthesis, producing novel natural antimicrobial peptides with bioengineering methods has become an urgent task. In the present study, we prepared a novel antimicrobial peptide from pepsin-digested hydrolysate of Porphyra yezoensis using ultrafiltration, molecular sieve chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and mass spectrometry analysis. A novel peptide with strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and the amino acid sequence was identified to be Thr-Pro-Asp-Ser-Glu-Ala-Leu (TPDSEAL). The identified peptide exhibits great stability under acidic or basic conditions, high temperature, and ultraviolet radiation. Mechanism revealed that TPDSEAL treatment may damage the cell wall and membrane, enhance the permeability of cells, and lead to the death of bacteria. Our study provides the novel insight into the preparation of marine-derived antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, People's Hospital of WeiFang, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiping Song
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxi Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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4
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Wu QC, Zhang QL, Gao D, Nie L, Wang HB, Yao SJ, Lin DQ. Mixed-Mode Expanded-Bed Adsorption for Human Serum Albumin Separation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ci Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qi-Lei Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dong Gao
- Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 46 Waisha Road, Jiaojiang, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 46 Waisha Road, Jiaojiang, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Hai-Bin Wang
- Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 46 Waisha Road, Jiaojiang, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Shan-Jing Yao
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dong-Qiang Lin
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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5
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5-Aminobenzimidazole as new hydrophobic charge-induction ligand for expanded bed adsorption of bovine IgG. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1425:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Mohsenkhani S, Jahanshahi M, Rahimpour A. Cross-linked κ-carrageenan polymer/zinc nanoporous composite matrix for expanded bed application: Fabrication and hydrodynamic characterization. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1408:178-86. [PMID: 26187763 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Expanded bed adsorption (EBA) is a reliable separation technique for the purification of bioproducts from complex feedstocks. The specifically designed adsorbent is necessary to form a stable expanded bed. In the present work, a novel custom-designed composite matrix has been prepared through the method of water-in-oil emulsification. In order to develop an adsorbent with desirable qualities and reduce the costs, κ-carrageenan and zinc powder were used as the polymeric skeleton and the densifier, respectively. The prepared composite matrix was named as KC-Zn. Optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were applied to characterize the morphology and structure of prepared composite matrix. These analyses approved good spherical shape and porous structure with nano-scale pores in the range of about 60-180nm. The results from the particle size analyzer (PSA) revealed that all the KC-Zn beads followed logarithmic normal size distribution with the range of 50-350μm and average diameter of 160-230μm, respectively. Main physical properties of KC-Zn matrices were measured as a function of zinc powder ratio to κ-carrageenan slurry, which showed an appropriate wet density in the range of 1.39-2.27g/ml, water content of 72.67-36.41% and porosity of 98.07-80.24%, respectively. The effects of matrix density and liquid phase viscosity on hydrodynamic behavior of prepared matrix have been investigated by residence time distribution (RTD) experiments in an expanded bed. The results indicated that in a constant liquid velocity as the matrix density was increased, the expansion factor of bed decreased and the axial mixing coefficient increased. Moreover, an enhancement in the fluid viscosity led to an increase in the bed expansion and a decrease in the stability of expanded bed. Therefore using a matrix with higher density seems necessary to face viscous feedstocks. All the results demonstrated that proper physical properties and hydrodynamic characteristics of KC-Zn matrix confirm good potential for possible use in high flow rate expanded bed operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Mohsenkhani
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohsen Jahanshahi
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Rahimpour
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
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7
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Du QY, Lin DQ, Zhang QL, Yao SJ. An integrated expanded bed adsorption process for lactoferrin and immunoglobulin G purification from crude sweet whey. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 947-948:201-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Zhang QL, Shi F, Wang P, Lin DQ, Yao SJ. Preparation of cellulose adsorbents with ionic liquid and pore expansion for chromatographic applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Qiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
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9
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Functional Magnetic Mesoporous Nanoparticles for Efficient Purification of Laccase from Fermentation Broth in Magnetically Stabilized Fluidized Bed. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:2165-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Du QY, Lin DQ, Xiong ZS, Yao SJ. One-Step Purification of Lactoferrin from Crude Sweet Whey Using Cation-Exchange Expanded Bed Adsorption. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302606z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yan Du
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical
Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dong-Qiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
310027, China
| | - Zhan-Sen Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical
Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shan-Jing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical
Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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11
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Yavuz E, Bayramoğlu G, Şenkal BF, Arıca MY. Poly(glycidylmethacrylate) brushes generated on poly(VBC) beads by SI-ATRP technique: Hydrazine and amino groups functionalized for invertase adsorption and purification. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:1479-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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13
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Xia HF, Lin DQ, Yao SJ. Chromatographic performance of macroporous cellulose–tungsten carbide composite beads as anion-exchanger for expanded bed adsorption at high fluid velocity. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1195:60-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Karakisla M, Bayramoğlu G, Arıca MY. Preparation of methacrylamide grafted and dye-ligand immobilized PET fibers: Studies of adsorption and purification of lysozyme. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Lu AX, Liao XP, Zhou RQ, Shi B. Preparation of Fe(III)-immobilized collagen fiber for lysozyme adsorption. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Xia HF, Lin DQ, Yao SJ. Evaluation of new high-density ion exchange adsorbents for expanded bed adsorption chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1145:58-66. [PMID: 17316664 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Revised: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
New adsorbents Q HyperZ and CM HyperZ composed of hydrogel-filled porous zirconium oxide particles were evaluated for expanded bed adsorption applications in the present work. The HyperZ adsorbents have wet density of 3.16 g ml(-1), particle size of 44.5-100.8 microm and average sphere diameter of 67 microm. The bed expansion as the function of flow velocity and fluid viscosity was measured and correlated with Richardson-Zaki equation. The suitable expansion factor was considered less than 2.5, while the corresponding flow velocity was about 450 cmh(-1). Liquid mixing in the bed was determined to evaluate the stability of expanded bed. The Bodenstein numbers tested were higher than 40 and the axial mixing coefficients (D(ax)) were between 0.5 and 9.7x10(-6)m(2)s(-1), which demonstrated that a stable expanded bed could be formed under suitable operation conditions. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme were used as model proteins to estimate the adsorption capacities of Q and CM HyperZ, respectively. The maximum equilibrium adsorption of Q and CM HyperZ could reach 45.7 and 27.2 mg g(-1) drained adsorbents, respectively. It was found that yeast cells had little influence on the adsorption capacities of the two adsorbents tested. The dynamic adsorption capacity of BSA at 10% breakthrough with Q HyperZ was 35.9 mg g(-1) drained adsorbent at flow velocity of 100 cm h(-1) for packed bed adsorption. The values for expanded bed adsorption were 34.4 mg g(-1) drained adsorbent at flow velocity of 200 cm h(-1), 33.6 mg g(-1) drained adsorbent at 300 cm h(-1) and 31.7 mg g(-1) drained adsorbent 400 cm h(-1). The results demonstrated that Q HyperZ and CM HyperZ are suitable for expanded bed adsorption of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Xia
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, China
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17
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Small-sized dense magnetic pellicular support for magnetically stabilized fluidized bed adsorption of protein. Chem Eng Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2004.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Li P, Xiu G, Rodrigues AE. Modeling breakthrough and elution curves in fixed bed of inert core adsorbents: analytical and approximate solutions. Chem Eng Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2004.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Zhou X, Shi QH, Bai S, Sun Y. Dense pellicular agarose–glass beads for expanded bed application:. Biochem Eng J 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1369-703x(03)00169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Li P, Xiu G, E. Rodrigues A. Modeling separation of proteins by inert core adsorbent in a batch adsorber. Chem Eng Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2509(03)00217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Hidayat C, Nakajima M, Takagi M, Yoshida T. Development of new dye-metal agarose-coated alumina matrix and elution strategy for purification of alcohol dehydrogenase. J Biosci Bioeng 2003; 95:133-8. [PMID: 16233381 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(03)80118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2002] [Accepted: 10/09/2002] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A high-density matrix was prepared by coating an alumina particle with agarose using an emulsion technique. Iminodiacetic acid and Cibacron Blue 3GA were immobilized onto this matrix. Charging this matrix with zinc created a useful chromatography matrix for purification of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase. The elution strategy was then investigated to obtain a high recovery of this enzyme and a high purification factor. One-step elution using 4 mM EDTA containing 0.5 M NaCl resulted in 66% enzyme recovery and a purification factor of 4.7. Two-step elution using imidazole containing NaCl resulted in a higher purification factor. The first-step elution using 5 mM imidazole containing 1 M NaCl released most contaminant proteins. The second-step elution using 150 mM imidazole containing 1.5 M NaCl resulted in high-performance purification with a purification factor of 6.5 and an enzyme recovery of 40.7%. Equilibration of the matrix with imidazole prior to sample application increased the purification factor and the enzyme recovery to 8.4 and 76.8%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chusnul Hidayat
- International Center for Biotechnology; Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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22
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Lysozyme adsorption and purification by expanded bed chromatography with a small-sized dense adsorbent. Biochem Eng J 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1369-703x(02)00063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Theodossiou I, Elsner HD, Thomas ORT, Hobley TJ. Fluidisation and dispersion behaviour of small high density pellicular expanded bed adsorbents. J Chromatogr A 2002; 964:77-89. [PMID: 12198858 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The fluidisation and dispersion properties of various agarose-based expanded bed matrices--small high density stainless steel cored prototypes and standard commercial types--were studied in 1-cm diameter expanded bed contactors in which fluid entering the column base is locally stirred. In all cases, fluidisation behaviour was poorly predicted from the Richardson-Zaki correlation, with experimentally determined values of the expansion index being considerably higher than the theoretical values. The resons for these discrepancies are discussed in detail and the validity of applying this widely used correlation for characterisation of expanded bed systems is questioned. Residence time distribution studies using acetone tracers, demonstrated that in comparison to existing commercial supports, the small pellicular prototype materials generally possessed far superior hydrodynamic properties, which augurs well for their future employment in expanded bed chromatographic separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Theodossiou
- Center for Process Biotechnology, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 223, Søltofts Plads, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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24
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Hubbuch JJ, Heebøll-Nielsen A, Hobley TJ, Thomas ORT. A new fluid distribution system for scale-flexible expanded bed adsorption. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 78:35-43. [PMID: 11857279 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new fluid distribution system designed for expanded bed adsorption was introduced and studied in a 150-cm diameter column. Based on fluid application through a rotating distributor, it eradicates the need for perforated plates, meshes, or local mixers. The effect of rotation rate on column performance was examined by fluidizing a 30-cm high bed of supports with tap water and introducing pulses of dye or acetone tracer. Linear bed expansion was seen as the superficial fluid velocity was raised from 170 x h(-1) to 450 cm x h(-1) (3000 L x h(-1) to 8000 L x h(-1)), and there was little change in expansion characteristics as distributor rotation rate was increased from 2.5 to 10 rpm. The distributor was observed to generate a flow pattern suitable for expanded bed adsorption when the supports were fluidized at a superficial fluid velocity of 283 cm center dot h(-1) and dye pulses introduced. At a rotation rate of 2.5 rpm, no significant dead zones were observed, and a discrete band was formed that moved up through the bed. Furthermore, the pattern of dye movement could be used to calculate interstitial linear fluid velocities of 460 cm x h(-1) and 572 cm x h(-1) at the column wall and center, respectively, indicating a parabolic flow profile. The distributor rotation rate giving the best operating conditions was found to be 2.5 rpm when the bed was fluidized at a flow velocity of 283 cm x h(-1) and the residence time distribution of acetone tracer examined. Under these conditions, the coefficient of axial dispersion was 6.1 x 10(-6) m(2) x s(-1) and 29 theoretical plates were measured. When the rotation rate was raised to 10 rpm, the coefficient of axial dispersion increased to 8.08 x 10(-6) m(2) x s(-1) and the number of theoretical plates decreased to 22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen J Hubbuch
- Center for Process Biotechnology, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 223, Søltofts Plads, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Abstract
Novel dense composite adsorbents for expanded bed adsorption of protein have been fabricated by coating 4% agarose gel onto Nd-Fe-B alloy powder by a water-in-oil emulsification method. Two composite matrices, namely Nd-Fe-B alloy-densified agarose (NFBA) gels with different size distributions and densities, NFBA-S (50-165 microm, 1.88 g/ml) and NFBA-L (140-300 microm, 2.04 g/ml), were produced. Lysozyme was used as a model protein to test the adsorption capacity and kinetics for the NFBA gels modified by Cibacron blue 3GA (CB-NFBA gels). Liquid-phase dispersion behavior in the expanded beds was examined by measurements of residence time distributions, and compared with that of Streamline SP (Amersham-Pharmacia Biotech, Sweden). The dependence of axial mixing in the expanded beds on flow velocity, bed expansion degree. settled bed height, and viscosity of liquid phase was investigated. Breakthrough curves of lysozyme in the expanded beds of the CB-NFBA gels were also examined. The dynamic binding capacity at 5% breakthrough was 23.3 mg/ml matrix for the CB-NFBA-S gels, and 16.7 mg/ml matrix for the CB-NFBA-L, at a flow velocity of 220 cm/h. The results indicate that the NFBA gels are promising for expanded bed adsorption of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Tong
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, China
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26
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Nayak DP, Ponrathnam S, Rajan CR. Macroporous copolymer matrix. IV. Expanded bed adsorption application. J Chromatogr A 2001; 922:63-76. [PMID: 11486892 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00923-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Macroporous crosslinked hydroxyethyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymeric beads (HEG beads) were synthesized by suspension polymerization in the presence of a pore generating agent. These beads were coupled to alpha-cyclodextrin through a urethane spacer. These modified copolymer beads (affinity-HEG beads) so prepared were evaluated for their suitability in expanded bed chromatography. The optimum thickness of the distributor plate for stable expanded bed for use in expanded bed adsorption (EBA) was established. The affinity-HEG beads are comparable in density to Streamline diethyl amino ethane (DEAE) and exhibit better mechanical stability at higher superficial velocity under fluidization. The affinity-BEG beads were used as affinity chromatography matrices for the purification of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. Feeding of 5-fold diluted fermented broth to the column containing affinity-HEG beads of settled bed height 7.5 cm (I.D. 26 mm and length 42 cm) at double bed expansion resulted in a sharp breakthrough curve of alpha-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase). The adsorbed enzyme was eluted from the bed in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer containing 10 mM CaCl2 at 25 degrees C in packed bed configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Nayak
- Chemical Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
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27
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Abstract
A new type of expanded bed matrix with a heavy core of stainless steel covered with an agarose layer was prepared. Two bead size fractions, the smaller one (32-75 microm diameter) having a single particle core and the larger (75-180 microm diameter) with an agglomerate of stainless steel particles constituting the core, were chosen for further characterisation. The dispersion behaviour was determined both in packed bed and expanded bed modes by the retention time distribution method (RTD) and compared with the Streamline matrix (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech). The comparison turned out in favour of the new matrix. Flow rates as high as 3000 cm/h were used with the larger fraction, giving stable expanded beds with good mass transfer properties. The matrices were mechanically stable without any tendency to crack or peal, even after prolonged use.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pålsson
- Department of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Sweden
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28
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Anspach FB, Curbelo D, Hartmann R, Garke G, Deckwer WD. Expanded-bed chromatography in primary protein purification. J Chromatogr A 1999; 865:129-44. [PMID: 10674936 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chromatography in stable expanded beds enables proteins to be recovered directly from cultivations of microorganisms or cells and preparations of disrupted cells, without the need for prior removal of suspended solids. The general performance of an expanded bed is comparable to a packed bed owing to reduced mixing of the adsorbent particles in the column. However, optimal operating conditions are more restricted than in a packed bed due to the dependence of bed expansion on the size and density of the adsorbent particles as well as the viscosity and density of the feedstock. The feedstock composition may become the most limiting restriction owing to interactions of adsorbent particles with cell surfaces, DNA and other substances, leading to their aggregation and consequently to bed instabilities and channeling. Despite these difficulties, expanded-bed chromatography has found widespread applications in the large scale purification of proteins from mammalian cell and microbial feedstocks in industrial bioprocessing. The basics and implementation of expanded-bed chromatography, its advantages as well as problems encountered in the use of this technique for the direct extraction of proteins from unclarified feedstocks are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F B Anspach
- Gesellschaft fuer Biotechnologische Forschung mbH, Department of Process Development, Braunschweig, Germany.
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29
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Mullick A, Flickinger MC. Expanded bed adsorption of human serum albumin from very dense Saccharomyces cerevesiae suspensions on fluoride-modified zirconia. Biotechnol Bioeng 1999; 65:282-90. [PMID: 10486126 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19991105)65:3<282::aid-bit5>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of proteins from high cell density yeast suspensions on mixed-mode fluoride-modified zirconia (FmZr) particles (38 to 75 microm, surface area of 29 m(2)/g and density of 2.8 g/cm(3)) was investigated using human serum albumin (HSA) added to Saccharomyces cerevesiae as the model expression host. Because of the high density of the porous zirconia particles, HSA (4 mg/mL) can be adsorbed from a 100 g dry cell weight (DCW)/L yeast suspension in a threefold-expanded bed of FmZr. The expanded bed adsorption of any protein from a suspension containing >50 g DCW/L cells has not been previously reported. The FmZr bed expansion characteristics were well represented by the Richardson-Zaki correlation with a particle terminal velocity of 3.1 mm/s and a bed expansion index of 5.4. Expanded bed hydrodynamics were investigated as a function of bed expansion using residence time distribution studies with sodium nitrite as the tracer. The adsorption of HSA on FmZr exhibited features of multicomponent adsorption due to the presence of dimers. The protein binding capacity at 5% breakthrough decreased from 22 mg HSA/mL settled bed void volume for 20 g DCW/L yeast to 15 mg HSA/mL settled bed void volume for 40 g DCW/L yeast and remained unchanged for the higher yeast concentrations (60 to 100 g DCW/L). However, the batch (or equilibrium) binding capacity decreased monotonically as a function of yeast concentration (20 to 100 g DCW/L) and the binding capacity at 100 g DCW/L yeast was fivefold lower compared with that at 20 g DCW/L yeast. The lower batch binding capacity at high cell concentrations resulted from the adsorption of cells at the surface of the particles restricting access of HSA to the intraparticle surface area. Batch (or equilibrium) and column HSA adsorption results indicated that the adsorption of HSA on FmZr occurred at a time scale that may be much faster than that of yeast cells. The zirconia particles were cleaned of adsorbed HSA and yeast with a total of 1500 to 2000 column volumes (over many cycles) of 0. 25 M NaOH, without any significant effect on the chromatographic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mullick
- Biological Process Technology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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30
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Abstract
The expanded bed characteristics of 75-103microm fluoride-modified zirconia (FmZr) particles synthesized by a fed batch oil emulsion process were investigated. These particles are distinguished from commercially available expanded-bed adsorbents by virtue of their high density (2.8 g/cc) and the mixed mode protein retention mechanism which allows for the retention of both cationic and anionic proteins. The linear velocity versus bed porosity data agree with the Richardson-Zaki relationship with the terminal velocity in infinite medium of 2858.4 cm/h and a bed expansion index of 5.1. Residence time distribution (RTD) studies and bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption studies were performed as a function of the height of the settled bed to the column diameter (H:D) ratio and degree of bed expansion with superficial velocities of 440 to 870 cm/h. The settled bed, a 2x expanded bed, and a 3x expanded bed were studied for the H:D ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. The dynamic binding capacity (DBC) at 5% breakthrough was low (2-8 mg BSA/mL settled bed) and was independent of the H:D ratio or the degree of bed expansion. The saturation DBC was 32.3 +/- 7.0 mg BSA/mL settled bed. The adsorption-desorption kinetics and intraparticle diffusion for protein adsorption on FmZr (38-75 micrometer) were investigated by studying the packed bed RTD and BSA adsorption as a function of temperature and flow rate. The data show that the adsorption-desorption kinetics along with intraparticle diffusion significantly influence protein adsorption on FmZr. Low residence times ( approximately 0.8 min) of BSA result in a DBC at 5% breakthrough which is 3.5-fold lower compared to that at 6-fold higher protein residence time. At low linear velocity (45 cm/h) the breakthrough curve is nearly symmetrical and becomes asymmetrical and more dispersed at higher linear velocity (270 cm/h) due to the influence of slow adsorption-desorption kinetics and intraparticle diffusion. Bioeng 60: 333-340, 1998.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mullick
- Biological Process Technology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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