Complete dentures for a child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a clinical report

Esthetic and Functional Rehabilitation of a Child with Complete Anodontia in Primary and Mixed Dentition Stage: A Case Report with 4-year Follow-up

Background

Pediatric dentists face significant challenges when treating a child with anodontia. Early intervention is essential to ensure the normal physiological and psychological development while also promoting normal jaw development.

Case Report

This report describes a 4-year follow-up case of a child with complete anodontia. Prosthetic rehabilitation during the primary and mixed dentition period improved the facial esthetics, self-esteem, speech, and masticatory function of the child.

Conclusion

This case report summarizes the treatment procedure, challenges faced in clinical management and the various prosthetic options with its advantages and disadvantages for a child with anodontia.

How to cite this article

Kaikure MK, Shetty K, Menezes R, et al. Esthetic and Functional Rehabilitation of a Child with Complete Anodontia in Primary and Mixed Dentition Stage: A Case Report with 4-year Follow-up. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(4):649-655.

Fixed prosthodontic rehabilitation for an adult with ectodermal dysplasia using a completely digital workflow

This clinical report describes the fixed prosthodontic treatment of an adult patient with ectodermal dysplasia by using a completely digital workflow, from the initial consultation appointment to the fabrication of the definitive implant-supported prostheses.

EDA and EDAR expression at different stages of hair follicle development in cashmere goats and effects on expression of related genes

This study is focused on the detection of ectodysplasin A (EDA) and ectodysplasin A receptor (EDAR) mRNA expression levels and protein positions in seven stages of cashmere goat fetus development (45, 55, 65, 75 95, 115, and 135 d), with the main goal of investigating the effect of EDA and EDAR on genes related to hair follicle development. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure EDA and EDAR expression levels in seven stages of cashmere goat fetus development. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to locate EDA and EDAR in the critical stage of fetal hair follicle development (45–135 d). EDA and EDAR expression in fetal fibroblasts and epithelial cells was interfered with by short hairpin RNA (sh-RNA). The results indicated that EDA and EDAR were both expressed in the skin tissue in the seven cashmere goat embryo stages. Moreover, EDA and EDAR play an important role in the formation of embryonic placode (Pc). After interfering with EDA and EDAR, the expression of BMP2, BMP4, noggin, β-catenin, TGF-β2, Wnt-10b, and NOTCH1 in fibroblasts and epithelial cells changed significantly. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for further studying the molecular regulation mechanism of hair follicle development.

Ectodermal dysplasia - A rare case report

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare genetic disease caused by developmental disturbances of embryonic ectoderm derived tissues, organs, and other accessory appendages. The congenital missing of teeth is usually bilateral. Anodontia or hypodontia may be associated with other ectodermal disturbances, such as anhidrosis, asteatosis, hypotrichosis, and salivary glands defects. One such case report of ED is demonstrated here.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: A systematic review

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) comprises a large group of inherited disorders of ectodermal structures, characterised by hypo- or anhidrosis, hypotrichosis and hypo- or oligo- or anodontia. We aimed to systematically assess the spectrum of prosthodontic approaches with regard to the patients' age and to provide clinical implications for practicing dentists. An electronic and manual search was conducted in four databases (Medline, LIVIVO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection). Publications of multiple study designs written in English or German without data restrictions, reporting on prosthodontic treatment of patients diagnosed with HED and afflicted with oligo- or anodontia, were included. In total, 75 articles on 146 patients were analysed according to the patients' age. In children aged 2-17 years, removable full or partial (over)dentures represented standard treatment. In the mandible, implant-supported removable dentures on two interforaminal implants presented an alternative, already in young childhood. In cases with more than six teeth per jaw, also fixed (resin) bridges were used, frequently after orthodontic treatment. In adults, fixed or removable reconstructions with the help of up to eight implants per jaw, usually placed after bone augmentation procedures, were standard. Ten case reports/series with long-term follow-up illustrated the need for consistent maintenance including denture renewals. Prosthodontic rehabilitation should start in early childhood and needs to be revised in accordance with the patients' growth. Treatment should be carried out by a multidisciplinary team addressing variable demands in different age groups.

Blepharo-Cheilo-Dontic (BCD) Syndrome: Case Report

Objective

To report a case of blepharo-cheilo-dontic (BCD) syndrome, to compare with the previous cases, and to discuss the possible treatment.

Patient

The patient was a 14-day-old boy born uneventfully on August 7, 2002. His scalp hair was sparse and curly. A tumor on the top of his head, which was thought to be a dermoid cyst, and a nevus on the back of his left hand were observed. All typical symptoms of blepharo-cheilo-dontic syndrome, such as euryblepharon with ectropion of the lower eyelids, distichiasis, bilateral cleft lip and palate, severe oligodontia, and conical teeth, were observed. Because there was no fatal complication, and growth and development were about normal, it was recommended that a long and active treatment plan be considered for this patient.

A Preliminary Study to Analyze the Cranio-facial Growth of an Ectodermal Dysplasia Patient After Prosthetic Rehabilitation

An experimental study on craniofacial development and jaw growth pattern of an ectodermal dysplasia patient was performed and was compared with normal individual. An ectodermal dysplasia patient with complete anodontia was prosthetically rehabilitated with complete dentures at age of 6 and 8 years. Two sets of complete dentures were made with age-appropriate denture teeth and a lingualized occlusal scheme. Periodic follow up and adjustment whether needed was done to maintain proper oral function and aesthetics. Serial cephalometric analysis exhibited a marked restriction of forward growth at the ANS point during 6-8 years of age although there was a little change from average in the anteroposterior length of mandibular body and the height of mandibular ramus. So, the maxillary growth was reduced but there was no significant change in the mandibular growth. Cast analysis showed that increase in arch length was greater than in arch width for both maxilla and mandible. There was a little increase in alveolar ridge height in the anterior region but there was a considerable increase in the height of the alveolar ridge in the middle and the posterior region. Our findings concluded that the absence of teeth did not affect the growth of the jaws and probably the denture flange did not arrest the jaw growth, rather it improved the masticatory function by providing good denture stability and retention.

Hereditary hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: report of a rare case

Hereditary Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (HHED), an X-linked, recessive, Mendelian character, is seen usually in males and it is inherited through female carriers. It is characterised by congenital dysplasia of one or more ectodermal structures and it is manifested by hypohidrosis, hypotrichosis and hypodontia. It results from abnormal morphogenesis of cutaneous and oral embryonic ectoderm. Here, we are presenting a rare case of HHED in a 19 year female with classic features of this condition.

Prosthodontic management of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with anodontia: a case report in pediatric patient and review of literature

Ectodermal dysplasias are rare hereditary disorders characterized by abnormal development of certain tissues and structures of ectodermal origin. The condition is important for dentists as it affects teeth resulting in hypodontia or anodontia and dentist plays an important role in rehabilitation of the patient. Affected young children with anodontia not only have difficulties in eating and speaking but can also feel that they look different from their contemporaries. Well-fitting and functioning prosthesis could be a great help during their schooling years as it will improve appearance and thus boost their self confidence. We report a case of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in an 8-year-old boy who exhibited anodontia and was successfully rehabilitated with conventional complete dentures in both maxillary and mandibular arches. The aim of the treatment was to improve psychological development apart from promoting better functioning of the stomatognathic system.

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a felicitous approach to esthetic and prosthetic management

Ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disease characterized by congenital dysplasia of one or more ectodermal structure and other accessory appendages. The oral manifestations are anodontia and poor bony foundation which impairs both esthetic as well as the masticatory function. The prosthodontic management of patients with such dysplastic condition necessitates a multidisciplinary approach. This case report describes the prosthodontic oral rehabilitation of a 16 years old female pediatric patient with ectodermal dysplasia.

How to cite this article: Singh T, Singh R, Singh GP, Singh JP. Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Felicitous Approach to Esthetic and Prosthetic Management. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(2):140-145.

Effect of complete dentures on craniofacial growth of an ectodermal dysplasia patient: a clinical report

The aim of this clinical report was to observe the effect of complete dentures on craniofacial growth and development of an ectodermal dysplasia (ED) patient. A complete anodontia patient diagnosed with ED was successfully rehabilitated with conventional complete dentures at the ages of 5, 8, and 10 years. Three sets of complete dentures were made with age-appropriate denture teeth and a bilaterally balanced lingualized occlusal scheme. Periodic follow-up and adjustment when needed was done to maintain proper oral function and esthetics. Serial cephalometric analysis exhibited a marked restriction of forward growth at the anterior nasal spine (ANS) point between 5 and 10 years of age, although there was little change from average in the anteroposterior length of the mandibular body and the height of the mandibular ramus. So, while maxillary growth was reduced, mandibular growth did not significantly change. Cast analysis showed that the increase in arch length was greater than in arch width for both the maxilla and mandible. There was little increase in alveolar ridge height in the anterior region but a considerable increase in the height of the alveolar ridge in the middle and the posterior region. Our findings concluded that the absence of teeth did not affect the growth of the jaws, and it is probable that the denture flange did not arrest the jaw growth, but rather improved the masticatory function by providing good denture stability and retention.

Complete and removable partial prosthesis for a child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

Young children with hypodontia caused by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) not only have difficulties in mastication and speech but can also sense that their appearance is different from others. Enabling children with HED to look like their peers through the use of well-fitting and functioning complete and removable partial dentures with age appropriate teeth will greatly assist in their transitioning in to their school years and add to their psychological well-being. Although denture construction requires multiple patient appointments and good co-operation, dentist also should educate and encourage parents and patient to tackle the difficulties that may come across during denture construction. In this present case the child, a 4-year-old, required a complete denture in the lower arch and removable partial denture in upper arch to achieve functionality and enhanced esthetics. How to cite this article: Trivedi BD, Bhatia R. Complete and Removable Partial Prosthesis for a Child with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):71-74.

Dental management of ectodermal dysplasia: two clinical case reports

Ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disorder associated with abnormal development of embryonic ectodermally-derived organs including teeth, nails, hair and sweat glands. Hypodontia of the primary and permanent dentition is the most com-mon oral finding. Therefore, affected patients need dental prosthetic treatments during their developmental years. This re-port presents two cases of children affected by ectodermal dysplasia with anodontia. Oral rehabilitation was accomplished with removable acrylic prostheses. Treatment had major impacts on self-esteem, masticatory function, speech and facial esthetic.

Ectodermal dysplasia treated with one-step surgical rehabilitation: a case report

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) comprises a large heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that are characterized by primary defects in the skin, hair, nails, eccrine glands and teeth. The most characteristic findings are the reduced number of teeth. All rehabilitative programmes involve proper evaluation of skeletal relationships. Prosthetic-implantological treatment at the end of bony growth can be used. In this article a case of ED treated with Le Fort I for maxillary advancement, femur homografts, implants' insertion and immediate loading is described. In December 2007, a 38-year-old female was referred to the Maxillofacial Department of Galeazzi Hospital (Milan, Italy) who had a diagnosis of ED. Twelve implants were inserted in one-step surgical procedure. No implant was lost and all are stable. The occlusion is stable after 15 months of follow-up. The results indicate that the one-step oral rehabilitation can be performed in adults who are affected by ED. Also, this significantly reduces the time of oral and facial rehabilitation.

Five-year follow-up treatment of an ectodermal dysplasia patient with maxillary anterior composites and mandibular denture: a clinical report

This clinical report describes the 5-year follow-up treatment of an 11-year-old boy with ectodermal dysplasia. The dentition was initially restored with a combination of maxillary anterior-bonded composite restorations and a mandibular complete denture. This individualized approach allowed successful management of the patient.

Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: Prosthetic and Endodontic Management

Individuals affected by ectodermal dysplasia syndromes have abnormalities of the glands, tooth buds, hair follicles, and nail development. Oral finding in ectodermal dysplasia patient are significant and can include multiple abnormalities of the dentition such as anodontia, hy-podontia or malformed and widely spaced peg like teeth, loss of occlusal vertical dimension, protuberant lips and lack of normal alveolar ridge development. This clinical report describes a combined surgical, pedodontic, and prosthodontic approach for the treatment of a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

[Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Rehabilitation]

INTRODUCTION

Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (EAD) is an inherited syndrome with an incidence of one per 100,000 live births and is characterized by hypotrichosis, anhidrosis or hypohidrosis, and oligodontia. Various treatment options for the dental rehabilitation of children presenting with this disease have been published. There is however no consensus on what age implants should be placed. Our purpose was to describe the disease and rehabilitation with early implants through two case reports.

OBSERVATION

Our two patients, a brother and sister, aged 14 and 15 years respectively, presented with EAD, maxillary hypodontia, and mandibular anodontia. They benefited from an orthodontic surgical treatment followed by prosthetic treatment. We designed a removable prosthesis on mandibular implants for the boy when he was 14, which was later replaced by a fixed prosthesis on implants. We shifted the lateral maxillary incisors orthodontically to a canine position, then performed autologous bone grafting for the placement of six implants. The same bone graft technique was used for the sister to insert four maxillary implants. The follow-up after implant placement was 7 and 4years, respectively. On the latest follow-up, the results were stable, functional, and esthetic.

DISCUSSION

Dental implants are a reliable oral rehabilitation treatment for children presenting with ectodermal dysplasia.

Concepts for the treatment of adolescent patients with missing permanent teeth

INTRODUCTION

Missing permanent teeth is observed with syndromes or is frequently hereditarily propagated in families. The treatment of these patients is a multi-task of specialists of oral surgery, orthodontics and prosthodontics.

DISCUSSION

Despite functional and aesthetic considerations, the main problem of all treatment is that it had to be performed in a growing child. This article discusses the conventional and implant-driven concepts to treat patients from childhood to adolescence with selective or multiple missing permanent teeth.

Early prosthetic treatment of patients with ectodermal dysplasia: A clinical report

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disorder of ectodermal origin. The early orthodontic treatment of 2 young boys suffering from hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with partial maxillary and complete mandibular anodontia of the primary dentition is described. Both were treated with removable maxillary partial and mandibular complete dentures with individualized occlusion and age-appropriate artificial teeth. The results were significant improvements in speech, masticatory function, and facial esthetics, contributing to the development of normal dietary habits, and the improved and more rapid social integration of these children.

Surgical and prosthodontic treatment alternatives for children and adolescents with ectodermal dysplasia: a clinical report

Ectodermal dysplasia with oligodontia and anodontia is characterized by absence or deficiency of the alveolar ridges. The optimal surgical and prosthetic approach varies in relation to patient age and the amount of bone that is present. This clinical report presents rehabilitation alternatives for ectodermal dysplasia in children and adolescents.

Prosthodontic management of ectodermal dysplasia: a review of the literature

Ectodermal dysplasia is commonly a difficult condition to manage with prosthodontics because of the typical oral deficiencies and because the afflicted individuals are quite young when they are evaluated for treatment. It is important that these individuals receive dental treatment at an early age for physiologic and psychosocial reasons. This article reviews the literature that pertains to the prosthodontic treatment of the disorder and the review includes considerations in behavior management and timing of treatment.