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Lin H, Fu L, Li P, Zhu J, Xu Q, Wang Y, Mumin MA, Zhou X, Chen Y, Shu G, Yao G, Chen M, Lu J, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Bao J, Chen W, Luo J, Li X, Chen Z, Cao J. Fatty acids metabolism affects the therapeutic effect of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 in tumor immune microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:343. [PMID: 37221577 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly invasive and metastatic subtype of kidney malignancy and is correlated with metabolic reprogramming for adaptation to the tumor microenvironment comprising infiltrated immune cells and immunomodulatory molecules. The role of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their association with abnormal fatty acids metabolism in ccRCC remains poorly understood. METHOD RNA-seq and clinical data of KIRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and E-MTAB-1980 from the ArrayExpress dataset. The Nivolumab group and Everolimus group of the CheckMate 025 study, the Atezolizumab arm of IMmotion150 and the Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab group of IMmotion151 cohort were obtained for subsequent analysis. After differential expression genes identification, the signature was constructed through univariate Cox proportional hazard regression and simultaneously the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) analysis and the predictive performance of our signature was assessed by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC), Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, nomogram, drug sensitivity analysis, immunotherapeutic effect analysis and enrichment analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), qPCR and western blot were performed to measure related mRNA or protein expression. Biological features were evaluated by wound healing, cell migration and invasion assays and colony formation test and analyzed using coculture assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS Twenty fatty acids metabolism-related mRNA signatures were constructed in TCGA and possessed a strong predictive performance demonstrated through time-dependent ROC and KM survival analysis. Notably, the high-risk group exhibited an impaired response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (Programmed death-1 receptor/Programmed death-1 receptor-ligand) therapy compared to the low-risk group. The overall levels of the immune score were higher in the high-risk group. Additionally, drug sensitivity analysis observed that the model could effectively predict efficacy and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Enrichment analysis revealed that the IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway was a major pathway. IL4I1 could promote ccRCC cells' malignant features through JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway and M2-like macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION The study elucidates that targeting fatty acids metabolism can affect the therapeutic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 in TME and related signal pathways. The model can effectively predict the response to several treatment options, underscoring its potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangmin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengju Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangquan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanhui Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mukhtar Adan Mumin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guannan Shu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaosheng Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minyu Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - YuJun Liu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Zhao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Bao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhang Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiazheng Cao
- Department of Urology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Haibang Street 23, Pengjiang District, Jiangmen, 529030, Guangdong, China.
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Xia Y, Zhang Q, Zhen Q, Zhao Y, Liu N, Li T, Hao Y, Zhang Y, Luo C, Wu X. Negative regulation of tumor-infiltrating NK cell in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients through the exosomal pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:37783-37795. [PMID: 28384121 PMCID: PMC5514949 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells are the key components in tumor immunity and defects in function are necessary for tumor immune escape. Emerging studies on tumor cell-derived exosomes have shown the biological significance in tumor microenvironment, but the underlying role of exosomes in regulating natural killer cells functions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients remains unknown. Firstly, we precisely characterized the phenotype and function of natural killer cells in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients vs healthy controls. With an inhibitory phenotype, tumor-infiltrating natural killer cells exhibited poor cytotoxic capacity and deficient potential to produce cytokines compared with natural killer cells from tumor margin tissue and non-tumor tissue. Next, we revealed that primary tumor cells trigged natural killer cell dysfunction in an exosome-dependent manner. Interestingly, exosomes from primary tumor cells were preferentially enriched with TGF-β1 which acted as important mediator of natural killer cell functional deficiency. In vitro culture of exosomes induced natural killer cell dysfunction mediated by activation of the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway, and abrogated by knockdown TGF-β. Our data indicate that exosomes from clear cell renal cell carcinoma induce natural killer cells dysfunction by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD pathway to evade innate immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiongfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Quan Zhen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Nanjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yanni Hao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Giraldo NA, Becht E, Pagès F, Skliris G, Verkarre V, Vano Y, Mejean A, Saint-Aubert N, Lacroix L, Natario I, Lupo A, Alifano M, Damotte D, Cazes A, Triebel F, Freeman GJ, Dieu-Nosjean MC, Oudard S, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C. Orchestration and Prognostic Significance of Immune Checkpoints in the Microenvironment of Primary and Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3031-40. [PMID: 25688160 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has shown durable responses to checkpoint blockade therapies. However, important gaps persist in the understanding of its immune microenvironment. This study aims to investigate the expression and prognostic significance of immune checkpoints in primary and metastatic ccRCC, in relation with mature dendritic cells (DC) and T-cell densities. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We investigated the infiltration and the localization of CD8(+) T cells and mature DC, and the expression of immune checkpoints (PD-1, LAG-3, PD-L1, and PD-L2) in relation with prognosis, in 135 primary ccRCC tumors and 51 ccRCC lung metastases. RNA expression data for 496 primary ccRCC samples were used as confirmatory cohort. RESULTS We identify two groups of tumors with extensive CD8(+) T-cell infiltrates. One group, characterized by high expression of immune checkpoints in the absence of fully functional mature DC, is associated with increased risk of disease progression. The second group, characterized by low expression of immune checkpoints and localization of mature DC in peritumoral immune aggregates (tertiary lymphoid structures), is associated with good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The expression of the immune checkpoints and the localization of DC in the tumor microenvironment modulate the clinical impact of CD8(+) T cells in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas A Giraldo
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Becht
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Franck Pagès
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. INSERM UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 15 Integrative Cancer Immunology, Paris, France. Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | | | - Virginie Verkarre
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Yann Vano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Mejean
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | | | - Laetitia Lacroix
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Ivo Natario
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Lupo
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Department of Pathology, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Diane Damotte
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Department of Pathology, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Aurelie Cazes
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | | | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Oudard
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Wolf H Fridman
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
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4
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Geissler K, Fornara P, Lautenschläger C, Holzhausen HJ, Seliger B, Riemann D. Immune signature of tumor infiltrating immune cells in renal cancer. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e985082. [PMID: 25949868 DOI: 10.4161/2162402x.2014.985082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated immune cells have been discussed as an essential factor for the prediction of the outcome of tumor patients. Lymphocyte-specific genes are associated with a favorable prognosis in colorectal cancer but with poor survival in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Flow cytometric analyses combined with immunohistochemistry were performed to study the phenotypic profiles of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and the frequency of T cells and macrophages in RCC lesions. Data were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and survival of patients. Comparing oncocytoma and clear cell (cc)RCC, T cell numbers as well as activation-associated T cell markers were higher in ccRCC, whereas the frequency of NK cells was higher in oncocytoma. An intratumoral increase of T cell numbers was found with higher tumor grades (G1:G2:G3/4 = 1:3:4). Tumor-associated macrophages slightly increased with dedifferentiation, although the macrophage-to-T cell ratio was highest in G1 tumor lesions. A high expression of CD57 was found in T cells of early tumor grades, whereas T cells in dedifferentiated RCC lesions expressed higher levels of CD69 and CTLA4. TIL composition did not differ between older (>70 y) and younger (<58 y) patients. Enhanced patients' survival was associated with a higher percentage of tumor infiltrating NK cells and Th1 markers, e.g. HLA-DR+ and CXCR3+ T cells, whereas a high number of T cells, especially with high CD69 expression correlated with a worse prognosis of patients. Our results suggest that immunomonitoring of RCC patients might represent a useful tool for the prediction of the outcome of RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Geissler
- Institute of Medical Immunology; Martin Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg ; Halle, Germany
| | - Paolo Fornara
- Clinic of Urology; Martin Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg ; Halle, Germany
| | - Christine Lautenschläger
- Institute of Med. Epidemiology and Biometry and Medical Informatics; Martin Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg ; Halle, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology; Martin Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg ; Halle, Germany
| | - Dagmar Riemann
- Institute of Medical Immunology; Martin Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg ; Halle, Germany
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5
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Ferrone S, Campoli M. A fresh look at an old story: revisiting HLA class II antigen expression by melanoma cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.1.6.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Godin-Ethier J, Pelletier S, Hanafi LA, Gannon PO, Forget MA, Routy JP, Boulassel MR, Krzemien U, Tanguay S, Lattouf JB, Arbour N, Lapointe R. Human activated T lymphocytes modulate IDO expression in tumors through Th1/Th2 balance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 183:7752-60. [PMID: 19933867 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous cancer vaccination approaches have shown some efficiency in generating measurable immune responses, but they have rarely led to tumor regression. It is therefore possible that tumors emerge with the capacity to down-regulate immune counterparts, through the local production of immunosuppressive molecules, such as IDO. Although it is known that IDO exerts suppressive effects on T cell functions, the mechanisms of IDO regulation in tumor cells remain to be characterized. Here, we demonstrate that activated T cells can induce functional IDO expression in breast and kidney tumor cell lines, and that this is partly attributable to IFN-gamma. Moreover, we found that IL-13, a Th2 cytokine, has a negative modulatory effect on IDO expression. Furthermore, we report IDO expression in the majority of breast and kidney carcinoma samples, with infiltration of activated Th1-polarized T cells in human tumors. These findings demonstrate complex control of immune activity within tumors. Future immune therapeutic interventions should thus include strategies to counteract these negative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Godin-Ethier
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal-Hôpital Notre-Dame, Université de Montréal and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Frankenberger B, Noessner E, Schendel DJ. Immune suppression in renal cell carcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2007; 17:330-43. [PMID: 17656104 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 04/10/2007] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The clear evidence that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with anti-tumor activity exist in situ raises the question why renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) progress in vivo. A complex array of factors and pathways has been identified that impinges on innate and adaptive effector cells thereby inhibiting their activity against RCCs. The current picture of suppressive mechanisms that contribute to the failure of the immune system to control RCCs is reviewed here. Understanding these complex host-tumor interactions has broad implications for successful application of cytokine therapy and other forms of immunotherapy for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Frankenberger
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
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8
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Kopecký O, Lukešová Š, Vroblová V, Vokurková D, Morávek P, Šafránek H, Hlávková D, Souček P. Phenotype Analysis of Tumour-infiltrating Lymphocytes and Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood in Patients with Renal Carcinoma. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE, CZECH REPUBLIC) 2007. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2017.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: When checking tumour growth, a number of observations indicate that the immune system plays a significant role in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Infiltration by lymphocytes (tumour infiltrating lymphocytes, TILs) is more prevalent in RCC than any other tumours. T lymphocytes are the dominant population of TIL cells. Views concerning the role of T lymphocytic subpopulations, B lymphocytes and NK cells in an anti-tumour response are not established. Aim: The aim is to determine the phenotype and activation of T and B lymphocytic subpopulations and NK cells and to compare their representation in tumour stroma and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in patients with RCC. Material and methods: Samples of peripheral blood taken from the cubital and renal veins and tumour stroma cells were obtained from 44 patients in the course of their surgeries carried out due to primary RCC. TILs were isolated from mechanically disintegrated tumour tissue. Immunophenotype multiparametric analysis of PBL and TILs was carried out. Their surface and activation characteristics were determined by means of flow cytometer. Results: CD3+ T lymphocytes (69.7 %) were the main population of TILs. The number of CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in TILs, 42.6 % (p< 0.01), while CD4+ T lymphocytes were the majority population in peripheral blood, 41.35 % (p < 0.001). The representation of CD3+/69+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in TILs, 32.9 %, compared to PBL (p<0.001). On the contrary, the numbers of CD3+/CD25+, CD8+/57+ and CD4+/RA+ (naive CD4+ T lymphocytes) were higher in PBL (p<0.001). The differences in representation of (CD3-/16+56+) NK cells and CD3+/DR+ T cells in TILs and PBL were not significant. Conclusion: The above-mentioned results prove that the characteristics and intensity of anti-tumour responses are different in compared compartments (tumour/PBL). CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocytes are the dominant lymphocytic population of TILs. The knowledge of the phenotype and functions of effector cells, which are responsible for anti-tumour response, are the basic precondition for understanding the anti-tumour immune response and the cause of its failure.
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9
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Romero JM, Aptsiauri N, Vazquez F, Cozar JM, Canton J, Cabrera T, Tallada M, Garrido F, Ruiz-Cabello F. Analysis of the expression of HLA class I, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in primary tumors from patients with localized and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 68:303-10. [PMID: 17026465 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression and cytokine and chemokine production both by cancer cells and by normal surrounding tissue are believed to be responsible for immune escape and tumor progression. In this study, we compared the tumor expression levels of HLA heavy chain (HLAhc), beta-2-microglobulin (beta2m), chemokines (Interferon-gamma-inducible Protein-10 (IP-10), Interferon-inducible T-cell Alpha-Chemoattractant (I-TAC), Stromal cell-Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1), Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1-alpha (MIP-1-alpha) and Regulated upon Activation, Normally T-Expressed, and presumably Secreted (RANTES)) and cytokines (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Tumor Growth Factor-beta (TGB-beta)) in primary tumors and adjacent normal tissues from patients with localized and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. We report that the expression of HLAhc, beta2m and the studied cytokines and chemokines (except for SDF-1) was significantly higher in the tumor (29 samples) than in the normal tissue (14 samples). When we compared the tumor expression levels between patients with localized RCC and patients with advanced metastatic stage, we found that the messenger RNA expression levels of HLAhc and beta2m were much lower in patients with metastatic RCC (6 cases) than in patients with localized cancer (23 cases), with levels similar to those in normal tissue. This was also confirmed on a protein level by immunohistological labeling of tumor tissues. Thirty-nine percent of the analyzed RCC tumors showed partial loss of HLA class I molecules, while 6% of the tumors showed HLA class I total loss. The expression of IP-10, SDF-1 and VEGF-c was also significantly lower in patients with advanced tumor, while the IFN-gamma expression in metastatic RCC was not detectable. Our findings show that primary RCC tumors are characterized by a high expression of HLAhc and a presence of proinflammatory mediators and chemokines. We also observed that disease progression and development of metastasis in RCC are associated with decreased expression of HLAhc, beta2m, IP-10, SDF-1 and IFN-gamma. This microenvironment may suppress the cytotoxic response, creating conditions that favor tumor escape and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Romero
- Servicio de Analisis Clinicos, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, University of Granada, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 18014 Granada, Spain
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N/A. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:1427-1431. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i6.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Rubin D. Integrative tumor board: metastatic renal cell carcinoma: naturopathic medicine. Integr Cancer Ther 2004; 3:34-41. [PMID: 15035873 DOI: 10.1177/1534735403261963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rubin
- Rubin Medical Consulting, LLC, 8326 E. Mariposa Dr, Scottsdale, AZ 85251, USA.
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