Transitional cell carcinoma of the ureteral stump 23 years after radical nephrectomy for adenocarcinoma

Primary tumor of the ureteral stump after a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: case report and literature review

We report a case of ureteral stump carcinoma following a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. A 76-year-old man was diagnosed as having ascending colon cancer and a right renal carcinoma. He was treated with partial colon resection and radical nephrectomy without lymphadenectomy. The histology was renal cell carcinoma. Three years after that surgery, he complained of intermittent macrohematuria. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) suggested a solid mass in the pelvis. We then performed a biopsy with CT guidance. An epithelial tumor was suspected by immunohistochemistry. A total excision of ureter was then performed. The histology showed the features of urothelial carcinoma, G3, v(+), pT3. He received adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin. He was free of disease for the following 11 months.

Primary carcinoma of the ureteral stump following radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: A case report and literature review

The occurrence of primary carcinoma of the ureteral stump following radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma is extremely rare; 7 patients with the disease have been reported previously. All these patients were males with transitional cell carcinoma. The current study reports the case of a 61-year-old woman, who presented with gross hematuria following a radical nephrectomy for local clear cell renal carcinoma. A computed tomography scan revealed the presence of a mass on the ureteral stump. The patient underwent a left ureteral stump and bladder cuff excision. The histological diagnosis was high-grade transitional cell carcinoma of the ureteral stump, with focal interstitial cancer cell infiltrates. There was no evidence of recurrence during a follow-up period of 35 months. In addition, the present study reviewed the literature for previous patients with ureteral stump carcinoma following a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma; 7 previous patients with the disease were identified. The present study suggests that, if patients who have previously undergone a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma present with hematuria, the possibility of ureteral stump carcinoma should be considered, particularly in East Asian countries. The existence or a history of bladder carcinoma should be considered as a high-risk factor for developing ureteral stump carcinoma. A ureteral stump and bladder cuff excision should be performed once ureteral stump carcinoma is diagnosed.

Cox-2 gene overexpression in ureteral stump urothelial carcinoma following nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a case report

INTRODUCTION

A primary ureteral stump tumor after a nephrectomy is rare; urothelial carcinoma of the ureteral stump after a nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma is even rarer. A thorough review of the literature indicated that only seven cases have previously been reported. In this study, we report the first Taiwanese case of urothelial carcinoma of the ureteral stump after a nephrectomy. It is also the first female case in the literature. The relationship between inflammatory genes, medication history and ureteral stump carcinoma after a nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma has not been reported.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 72-year-old Asian Taiwanese women with chronic hepatitis C, liver cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease underwent a hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in 2001 due to renal cell carcinoma. Nine years later, she was diagnosed with ureteral stump urothelial carcinoma. Genetic and medication surveys were performed. Importantly, our patient had taken Chinese herbal drugs for more than 10 years and the inflammatory gene, Cox-2, was highly expressed in this patient. This is the first report to study the relationship between the Cox-2 gene and ureteral stump carcinoma after a nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.

CONCLUSION

Long-term multiple use of Chinese herbal drugs could be one of the important risk factors for developing urothelial cancer. Close functional coupling between Chinese herbal drugs, Cox-2 gene activation and urothelial cancer should be further investigated.

Transitional cell carcinoma of ureteral stump after radical nephrectomy in a patient with a history of bladder carcinoma

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of ureteral stump after radical nephrectomy is rare. Following nephrectomy patients with a prior history of bladder cancer must have their ureteral stumps evaluated. Furthermore, the presence of hematuria should alert the urologist to a possible TCC in the ureteral stump. We present a patient who developed TCC of the ureteral stump after radical nephrectomy.

Transitional cell carcinoma of ureteral stump after radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma

A 68-year-old male presented with microscopic hematuria during a routine checkup after undergoing a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Retrograde ureterography demonstrated a ureteral stump tumor. The ureteral stump was completely resected with a bladder cuff and histologic diagnosis was grade 2 to 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the ureteral stump. He is doing well and has been tumor-free for 2 years. The ureteral stump must be correctly evaluated using retrograde ureterography in any patient with a prior history of bladder cancer. Even if a patient had no history of ureterial cancer, whenever hematuria is present in the follow-up period after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, a retrograde pyelogram should be performed.