1
|
PEG-POSS Star Molecules Blended in Polyurethane with Flexible Hard Segments: Morphology and Dynamics. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010099. [PMID: 33379358 PMCID: PMC7795770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A star polymer with a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanne (POSS) core and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) vertex groups is incorporated in a polyurethane with flexible hard segments in-situ during the polymerization process. The blends are studied in terms of morphology, molecular dynamics, and charge mobility. The methods utilized for this purpose are scanning electron and atomic force microscopies (SEM, AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and to a larger extent dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). It is found that POSS reduces the degree of crystallinity of the hard segments. Contrary to what was observed in a similar system with POSS pendent along the main chain, soft phase calorimetric glass transition temperature drops as a result of plasticization, and homogenization of the soft phase by the star molecules. The dynamic glass transition though, remains practically unaffected, and a hypothesis is formed to resolve the discrepancy, based on the assumption of different thermal and dielectric responses of slow and fast modes of the system. A relaxation α′, slower than the bulky segmental α and common in polyurethanes, appears here too. A detailed analysis of dielectric spectra provides some evidence that this relaxation has cooperative character. An additional relaxation g, which is not commonly observed, accompanies the Maxwell Wagner Sillars interfacial polarization process, and has dynamics similar to it. POSS is found to introduce conductivity and possibly alter its mechanism. The study points out that different architectures of incorporation of POSS in polyurethane affect its physical properties by different mechanisms.
Collapse
|
2
|
Javaid MA, Zia KM, Zafar K, Khosa MK, Akram N, Ajmal M, Imran M, Iqbal MN. Synthesis and molecular characterization of chitosan/starch blends based polyurethanes. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 146:243-252. [PMID: 31891704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Starch/chitosan modified polyurethanes (PUs) were synthesized by step growth polymerization reaction between -NCO terminated prepolymer and chain extenders (1,4-Butanediol/starch/chitosan). Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) was reacted with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) to synthesize prepolymer and was further reacted with different moles ratio of starch/chitosan to produced five samples of polyurethane (PU). These samples were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. The surface characterizations of PUs were done by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability of PUs was higher when the mixture of both natural materials was used at equal amounts. It is concluded that combination of both starch and chitosan are efficient for the synthesis of PUs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khalid Mahmood Zia
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan.
| | - Kashif Zafar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | | | - Nadia Akram
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tripathi M, Parthasarathy S, Roy PK. Spray processable polyurea formulations: Effect of chain extender length on material properties of polyurea coatings. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manorama Tripathi
- Centre for FireExplosive and Environment Safety, DRDO Timarpur Delhi 110054 India
| | | | - Prasun Kumar Roy
- Centre for FireExplosive and Environment Safety, DRDO Timarpur Delhi 110054 India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Roussos M, Konstantopoulou A, Kalogeras IM, Kanapitsas A, Pissis P, Savelyev Y, Vassilikou-Dova A. Comparative Dielectric Studies Of Segmental Mobility In Novel Poly- urethanes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14328917.2004.11784844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
5
|
Raftopoulos K, Zegkinoglou I, Kanapitsas A, Kripotou S, Christakis I, Vassilikou-Dova A, Pissis P, Savelyev Y. Dielectric And Hydration Properties Of Segmental Polyurethanes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14328917.2004.11784845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
6
|
Raftopoulos KN, Koutsoumpis S, Jancia M, Lewicki JP, Kyriakos K, Mason HE, Harley SJ, Hebda E, Papadakis CM, Pielichowski K, Pissis P. Reduced Phase Separation and Slowing of Dynamics in Polyurethanes with Three-Dimensional POSS-Based Cross-Linking Moieties. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5023132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos N. Raftopoulos
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Stefanos Koutsoumpis
- Department
of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou
Campus, 157 80, Athens, Greece
| | - Małgorzata Jancia
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - James P. Lewicki
- Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Konstantinos Kyriakos
- Physik-Department,
Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Harris E. Mason
- Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Stephen J. Harley
- Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Edyta Hebda
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Physik-Department,
Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Pielichowski
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Polycarpos Pissis
- Department
of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou
Campus, 157 80, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu H, Zhou J, Zuo D, Liu X, Gu S, Xu W. Silk-inspired polyurethane containing glyalaglyala tetrapeptide. III. morphological, thermal, and mechanical features of electrosprayed and electrospun deposition. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Textile Fibers and Products of Ministry of Education; Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan Hubei Province 430200 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Textile Fibers and Products of Ministry of Education; Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan Hubei Province 430200 People's Republic of China
| | - Danying Zuo
- Key Laboratory for Textile Fibers and Products of Ministry of Education; Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan Hubei Province 430200 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Liu
- Key Laboratory for Textile Fibers and Products of Ministry of Education; Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan Hubei Province 430200 People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojin Gu
- Key Laboratory for Textile Fibers and Products of Ministry of Education; Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan Hubei Province 430200 People's Republic of China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Key Laboratory for Textile Fibers and Products of Ministry of Education; Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan Hubei Province 430200 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chang Z, Zhang M, Hudson AG, Orler EB, Moore RB, Wilkes GL, Turner SR. Synthesis and properties of segmented polyurethanes with triptycene units in the hard segment. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
9
|
Yang Q, Ye L. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyurethane Elastomers Synthesized with Toluene Diisocyanate Trimer. J MACROMOL SCI B 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2012.695631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- a State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Lin Ye
- a State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ding J, Ye L. Mechanical and Solvent-Resistance Properties of Casting Polyurethane Elastomers. J MACROMOL SCI B 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2011.625902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ding
- a State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Lin Ye
- a State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Velayutham TS, Abd Majid WH, Gan SN. Electrical behavior of polyurethane derived from polyols synthesized with glycerol, phthalic anhydride, and oleic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
12
|
TSONOS C, APEKIS L, VIRAS K, STEPANENKO L, KARABANOVA L, SERGEEVA L. Investigation of the Microphase Separation in Blends of Polyurethane-Based Ionomers. J MACROMOL SCI B 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/mb-100100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. TSONOS
- a Physics Department , National Technical University of Athens , Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece
| | - L. APEKIS
- b Physics Department , National Technical University of Athens , Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece
| | - K. VIRAS
- c Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Laboratory , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Athens, 15771, Greece
| | - L. STEPANENKO
- d National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Kyiv, 253160, Ukraine
| | - L. KARABANOVA
- d National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Kyiv, 253160, Ukraine
| | - L. SERGEEVA
- d National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Kyiv, 253160, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nizelskii Y, Kozak N. In SituNanostructured Polyurethanes with Immobilized Transition Metal Coordination Complexes. J MACROMOL SCI B 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00222340601044219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yurii Nizelskii
- a Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataly Kozak
- a Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Kyiv, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Król P, Pilch-Pitera B. Phase structure and thermal stability of crosslinked polyurethane elastomers based on well-defined prepolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
15
|
Cao Q, Liu P. Structure and Mechanical Properties of Shape Memory Polyurethane Based on Hyperbranched Polyesters. Polym Bull (Berl) 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-006-0650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
16
|
Cao Q, Cai Y, Jing B, Liu P. Structure and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane, based on hyperbranched polyesters. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
17
|
Versteegen RM, Kleppinger R, Sijbesma RP, Meijer EW. Properties and Morphology of Segmented Copoly(ether urea)s with Uniform Hard Segments. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051874e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ron M. Versteegen
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf Kleppinger
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rint P. Sijbesma
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kalogeras IM, Roussos M, Vassilikou-Dova A, Spanoudaki A, Pissis P, Savelyev YV, Shtompel VI, Robota LP. Structure and relaxation dynamics of poly(amide urethane)s with bioactive transition metal acetyl acetonates in hard blocks. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2005; 18:467-81. [PMID: 16331340 DOI: 10.1140/epje/e2005-00048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Structural characteristics, thermal transitions and molecular dynamics of selected poly(amide urethane)s with transition metal acetyl acetonates Me(AcAc)(2) (Me = Sn(4+), Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Pb(2+)) as chain extenders, were comparatively investigated using small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS, WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dielectric techniques (dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, DRS; thermally stimulated currents, TSC). We studied the influence of metal chelates on the mixing of the soft-segment (SS) and hard-segment (HS) domains and the related degree of microphase separation (DMS). The reactivity of Me(AcAc)(2) with macrodiisocyanate was found to decrease in the order Sn(AcAc)(2)Cl(2) > Cu(AcAc)(2) > Zn(AcAc)(2) > Pb(AcAc)(2). While Pb(AcAc)(2) shows a higher tendency for crystallisation, both the dielectric and calorimetric results suggest that the corresponding polyurethane has comparatively low DMS. The type of the transition metal has moderate effect on the glass transition temperature and no influence on the shape of the dielectric alpha relaxation signal, indicating weak interactions between metal ions and SS domains. In contrast, structural parameters and the dielectric behaviour of the beta relaxation suggest preference for hydrogen-bonding interactions between Sn(4+) and Cu(2+) metal-chelates and HS domains. The temperature dependence of dc conductivity sigma(dc) is described by the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher equation and signifies the coupling between the mobility of polymeric chains and charges' motion. It may be expected that the present combination of techniques and particular results with respect to DMS will contribute to the development and testing of novel biodegradation-resistant and antibacterial metal-polyurethanes for biotechnological and industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I M Kalogeras
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Athens, 15784 Zografos, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Laity P, Taylor J, Wong S, Khunkamchoo P, Norris K, Cable M, Andrews G, Johnson A, Cameron R. A review of small-angle scattering models for random segmented poly(ether-urethane) copolymers. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
21
|
A 2-dimensional small-angle X-ray scattering study of the microphase-separated morphology exhibited by thermoplastic polyurethanes and its response to deformation. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Charnetskaya A, Polizos G, Shtompel V, Privalko E, Kercha Y, Pissis P. Phase morphology and molecular dynamics of a polyurethane ionomer reinforced with a liquid crystalline filler. Eur Polym J 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(03)00136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
23
|
Synthesis, structural characterization, and properties of polyurethane elastomers containing various degrees of unsaturation in the chain extenders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.10196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Vatalis AS, Kanapitsas A, Delides CG, Viras K, Pissis P. Phase behavior and molecular mobility in polyurethane/styrene-acrylonitrile blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
26
|
Georgoussis G, Kyritsis A, Bershtein VA, Fainleib AM, Pissis P. Dielectric studies of chain dynamics in homogeneous semi-interpenetrating polymer networks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0488(20001201)38:23<3070::aid-polb90>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
27
|
Kanapitsas A, Pissis P. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy in crosslinked polyurethanes based on polymer polyols. Eur Polym J 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(99)00167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
28
|
Structure–property relationships in segmented polyurethanes with metal chelates in the main chain. Eur Polym J 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(99)00177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
29
|
Hsu JM, Yang DL, Huang SK. The plasticizing effect on the thermal transitions of the toluenediisocyanate-based polyurethanes monitored by thermally stimulated current technique. J Appl Polym Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000502)76:5<743::aid-app17>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
30
|
Georgoussis G, Kyritsis A, Pissis P, Savelyev Y, Akhranovich E, Privalko E, Privalko V. Dielectric studies of molecular mobility and microphase separation in segmented polyurethanes. Eur Polym J 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(98)00288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
31
|
Hsu JM, Yang DL, Huang SK. Characterization of the relaxation transitions in toluene diisocyanate-based polyurethanes with poly(propylene glycol) as the soft segment by thermally stimulated current depolarization with relaxation mapping analysis. J Appl Polym Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990725)73:4<527::aid-app9>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
32
|
Hsu JM, Yang DL, Huang SK. Study on thermal transitions of toluene diisocyanate-based polyurethane elastomers with poly (tetramethylene oxide) as the soft segment by TSC/RMA, DSC and DMA thermal analyzers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-006-0073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
33
|
Pissis P, Kanapitsas A, Savelyev Y, Akhranovich E, Privalko E, Privalko V. Influence of chain extenders and chain end groups on properties of segmented polyurethanes. II. Dielectric study. POLYMER 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(97)10100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|