The stereochemistry of pinidine

A review of chemistry and pharmacology of Piperidine alkaloids of Pinus and related genera

BACKGROUND

Pinus and other related conifers belonging to family pinaceae are most commonly used medicinal plants in Indian North-western Himalayas. Various parts of these plants including needles are source of several well known alkaloids. Of all the alkaloids, piperidine group is one of important component and hold considerable medicinal importance.

METHODS

The group of alkaloids was initially identified from genus Piper through which a large variety of piperidine molecules have been extracted. The planar structure of this heterocyclic nucleus enables acetamide groups to be added at various ring configurations.

RESULTS

In the area of drug research, the piperidine heterocycle has gained considerable interest. To produce a new therapeutic profile, the broad range of its therapeutic application paved the way for researchers to implant the nucleus from time to time in diversified pharmacophores.

DISCUSSION

However, biological functions of piperidine metabolites have been mostly examined on a limited scale and that most of the findings are thus preliminary. We have tried to present different clinical applications of piperidine alkaloids in this study that researchers have already attempted to demystify from time to time.

CONCLUSION

Given the importance of the piperidine nucleus, the study will enable the researcher to produce scaffolds of the highest therapeutic efficacy. We have also illustrated different types of piperidine, its sources in different member of family pinaceae with special emphasis on Pinus.

Recent Progress Towards Synthesis of the Indolizidine Alkaloid 195B

Background:

Natural products have been received attention due to their importance in human life as those are biologically active. In this review, there are some reports through different methods related to the synthesis of the indolizidine 195B which was extracted from poisonous frog; however, due to respect nature, the synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidine has been attracted much attention among scientists and researchers.

Objective:

This review discloses the procedures and methods to provide indolizidine 195B from 1989 to 2018 due to their importance as a natural product.

Conclusion:

There are several methods to give rise to the indolizidine 195B as a natural product that is highly active from the biological perspective in pharmaceutical chemistry. In summary, many protocols for the preparations of indolizidine 195B from various substrates, several reagents, and conditions have been reported from different aromatic and aliphatic.

Recent Progress Towards Synthesis of the Indolizidine Alkaloid 195B

Background:

Natural products have been received attention due to their importance in human life as those are biologically active. In this review, there are some reports through different methods related to the synthesis of the indolizidine 195B which was extracted from poisonous frog; however, due to respect nature, the synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidine has been attracted much attention among scientists and researchers.

Objective:

This review discloses the procedures and methods to provide indolizidine 195B from 1989 to 2018 due to their importance as a natural product.

Conclusion:

There are several methods to give rise to the indolizidine 195B as a natural product that is highly active from the biological perspective in pharmaceutical chemistry. In summary, many protocols for the preparations of indolizidine 195B from various substrates, several reagents, and conditions have been reported from different aromatic and aliphatic.

A metal-catalyzed new approach for α-alkynylation of cyclic amines

The first catalytic α-alkynylation of cyclic amines with the help of the N-propargylic group with an exclusive high E-stereoselectivity has been realized.

The first catalytic α-alkynylation of cyclic amines with the help of the N-propargylic group to afford 2-(1-alkynyl) N-allylic cyclic amines with an exclusive E-stereoselectivity for the in situ formed C Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019 ]]> C bond has been realized. Based on mechanistic studies, it is proven that the reaction proceeds through metal-mediated anti-1,5-hydride transfer forming an iminonium intermediate, which accepts the addition of the in situ generated 1-alkynyl metal species. The synthetic application has also been demonstrated.

Generation and fate of enamines in the microsomal metabolism of cyclic tertiary amines

Microsomal oxidation of 1-benzylpiperidine (1-BP) and its cis-2,6-dimethyl analog was studied to assess the involvement of endocyclic enamines, in equilibrium with the initially formed iminiums, in the metabolic activation of cyclic tertiary amines such as phencyclidine. Since the iminiums can be trapped with cyanide, the selective prevention by cyanide of the metabolic production of 1-benzyl-3-piperidone from 1-BP implicates the iminium in equilibrium with enamine as the source of this metabolite. In cases where iminium-enamine coupling is sterically prevented, the iminium in equilibrium with enamine species can be studied independently and are found to be more potent metabolism-dependent inactivators of cytochrome P-450 than are the corresponding parent amines. Possible mechanisms for biological oxidation of cyclic enamines to reactive intermediates are considered.