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Vaneeckhaute E, De Man WL, Duerinckx K, Delcour JA, Martens JA, Taulelle F, Breynaert E. 13C-DOSY-TOSY NMR Correlation for In Situ Analysis of Structure, Size Distribution, and Dynamics of Prebiotic Oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3250-3259. [PMID: 32045528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) are a complex mixture of cereal derived, water-soluble prebiotics, obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of arabinoxylan, a group of dietary fibers exerting numerous nutritional and health-beneficial effects. Such complex biomolecular mixtures are notoriously difficult to characterize without initial physical fractionation. Here we present the in situ analysis of AXOS using a variety of state-of-the-art sensitivity-enhanced 13C-DOSY methods, enabling virtual separation and identification of the components. Three dimensional correlation plots displaying 13C diffusivity (DOSY: Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY), relaxation parameters (TOSY: raTe of relaxation Ordered SpectrscopY), and chemical shift offer a unique way to elucidate the composition of mixtures. We have demonstrated this multifaceted 13C probed correlation strategy in standard mixtures of aliphatic and aromatic compounds, before implementing it on AXOS. These 3D-DOSY-TOSY plots in combination with 2D-NMR correlation experiments offer unprecedented clarity for assigning chemical functions, molecular size distribution, and dynamics of oligosaccharide mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewoud Vaneeckhaute
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Wannes L De Man
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karel Duerinckx
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jan A Delcour
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johan A Martens
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Francis Taulelle
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Eric Breynaert
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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Pearson WL, Contreras C, Powell D, Berden G, Oomens J, Bendiak B, Eyler JR. Differentiation of Rubidiated Methyl-d-Glycoside Stereoisomers by Infrared Multiple-Photon Dissociation Spectroscopy in the O–H and C–H Stretching Regions. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12970-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wright L. Pearson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Cesar Contreras
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - David Powell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Giel Berden
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and
Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and
Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- University of Amsterdam, Science
Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brad Bendiak
- Department
of Cell and Developmental Biology and Program in Structural Biology
and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - John R. Eyler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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3
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Dais P, Hatzakis E. Quality assessment and authentication of virgin olive oil by NMR spectroscopy: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 765:1-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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4
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Biophysical functionality in polysaccharides: from Lego-blocks to nano-particles. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2011; 41:379-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-011-0753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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5
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Henderson TJ. Feasibility study for the rapid screening of target molecules using translational diffusion coefficients: diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy of biological toxins. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:1465-71. [PMID: 20033137 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3349-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Revised: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A panel of 15 biological toxins ranging between approximately 60-28,000 g/mol was used to evaluate the feasibility of screening aqueous samples for toxin analytes based on their translational diffusion coefficients, D(t). Toxin D(t) values were measured by pulsed-field gradient (1)H NMR spectroscopy using a bipolar pulse pair, longitudinal eddy current delay pulse sequence incorporating water suppression to achieve the maximum dynamic range for toxin signals. To collect data for an effective screening protocol, reference D(t) values were determined from five independent measurements at both 25 and 37 degrees C for all toxins in the panel. In the protocol, D(t) values are measured at both temperatures for a suspected toxin target in a sample, and for assignment as a potential toxin analyte, the measurements are required to fall within +/-0.25 x 10(-6) cm(2)/s of both reference D(t) values for at least one toxin in the panel. Only solution viscosity was found to influence sample D(t) measurements appreciably; however, the measurements are easily corrected for viscosity effects by calculating the D(t) value of the suspected toxin at infinite dilution. In conclusion, the protocol provides a rapid and effective means for screening aqueous samples for all toxins in the panel, narrowing toxin identification to < or = 2 possibilities in virtually all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry J Henderson
- Biophysical Chemistry Branch, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, RDCB-DRB-C, 5183 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010-5424, USA.
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6
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Henderson TJ, Cullinan DB. Purity analysis of hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride and phosgene by quantitative (13)C NMR spectroscopy. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2007; 45:954-961. [PMID: 17924355 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride and phosgene are produced in tremendously large quantities today by the chemical industry. The compounds are also particularly attractive to foreign states and terrorists seeking an inexpensive mass-destruction capability. Along with contemporary warfare agents, therefore, the US Army evaluates protective equipment used by warfighters and domestic emergency responders against the compounds, and requires their certification at > or = 95 carbon atom % before use. We have investigated the (13)C spin-lattice relaxation behavior of the compounds to develop a quantitative NMR method for characterizing chemical lots supplied to the Army. Behavior was assessed at 75 and 126 MHz for temperatures between 5 and 15 degrees C to hold the compounds in their liquid states, dramatically improving detection sensitivity. T(1) values for cyanogen chloride and phosgene were somewhat comparable, ranging between 20 and 31 s. Hydrogen cyanide values were significantly shorter at 10-18 s, most likely because of a (1)H--(13)C dipolar contribution to relaxation not possible for the other compounds. The T(1) measurements were used to derive relaxation delays for collecting the quantitative (13)C data sets. At 126 MHz, only a single data acquisition with a cryogenic probehead gave a signal-to-noise ratio exceeding that necessary for certifying the compounds at > or = 95 carbon atom % and 99% confidence. Data acquired at 75 MHz with a conventional probehead, however, required > or = 5 acquisitions to reach this certifying signal-to-noise ratio for phosgene, and >/= 12 acquisitions were required for the other compounds under these same conditions. In terms of accuracy and execution time, the NMR method rivals typical chromatographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry J Henderson
- Forensic Analytical Team, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, AMSRD-ECB-RT-CF, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010-5424, USA.
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7
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Barbucci R, Leone G, Chiumiento A, Di Cocco ME, D'Orazio G, Gianferri R, Delfini M. Low- and high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterisation of hyaluronan-based native and sulfated hydrogels. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1848-58. [PMID: 16716277 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Revised: 04/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan-based hydrogels were synthesised using different crosslinking agents, such as 1,3-diaminopropane (1,3-DAP) and 1,6-diaminohexane (1,6-DAE). The hydrogels were sulfated to provide materials (Hyal-1,3-DAP, Hyal-1,6-DAE, HyalS-1,3-DAP and HyalS-1,6-DAE) that were characterised by both high- and low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The (13)C NMR spectra of the materials were analysed to identify, characterise and study the crosslinking degree of the hydrogels. The crosslinking degree was also determined by potentiometric titration and the effectiveness of the two techniques was compared. Measurements of longitudinal relaxation times (spin-lattice) and of NOE enhancement were used to study the mobility of the hydrogels. Low-resolution NMR studies allowed the determination of the water transport properties in the hydrogels. In addition, the swelling degree for the various hydrogels was calculated as a function of the longitudinal and transversal relaxation times of the water molecules. Lastly, the self-diffusion coefficients of the water in interaction with the four polysaccharides were measured by the pulsed field gradient spin echo (PFGSE) sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Barbucci
- CRISMA and Department of Chemical and Biosystem Sciences and Technologies, University of Siena, Italy.
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8
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Potrzebowski MJ, Kaźmierski S, Olejniczak S, Heliński J, Ciesielski W, Dőlle A. Comparative analysis of NMR spectral parameters and molecular dynamics of 1:6-anhydro-3:4-thia-2-O-tosyl-β-D-allopyranose and 1,6:3,4-dianhydro-2-O-tosyl-β-D-galactopyranose in the solid phase. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Bubb WA. NMR spectroscopy in the study of carbohydrates: Characterizing the structural complexity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/cmr.a.10080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Dais P, Vlachou S, Taravel FR. (13)C nuclear magnetic relaxation study of segmental dynamics of the heteropolysaccharide pullulan in dilute solutions. Biomacromolecules 2003; 2:1137-47. [PMID: 11777385 DOI: 10.1021/bm010073q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(13)C spin-lattice relaxation times (T(1)) and nuclear Overhauser enhancements (NOE) were measured as a function of temperature and magnetic field strength for the heteropolysaccharide pullulan in two solvents, water and dimethyl sulfoxide. The relaxation data of the endocyclic ring carbons were successfully interpreted in terms of chain segmental motions by using the bimodal time-correlation function of Dejean de la Batie, Laupretre, and Monnerie. On the basis of the calculated correlation times for segmental motion, the flexibilities of the pullulan chain at a repeat-unit level have been studied and compared with the segmental mobility of the homopolysaccharides amylose and dextran in the same solvents. The internal rotation of the free hydroxymethyl groups about the exocyclic C-5 [bond] C-6 bonds superimposed on segmental motion has been described as a diffusion process of restricted amplitude. The rate and amplitude of the internal rotation of the free hydroxymethyl groups were not affected by the local geometry of the pullulan chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dais
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Iraklion, Crete, Greece.
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11
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Naji L, Schiller J, Kaufmann J, Stallmach F, Kärger J, Arnold K. The gel-forming behaviour of dextran in the presence of KCl: a quantitative 13C and pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR study. Biophys Chem 2003; 104:131-40. [PMID: 12834833 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(02)00362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the gel forming ability of certain polysaccharides in the presence of ions is a well-known phenomenon, detailed physicochemical mechanisms of such processes are still unknown. In this investigation high resolution 13C NMR as well as 1H pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR were used to investigate the mobility of dextran in the sol and in the gel state. Gel-formation of dextran can be easily induced by the addition of large amounts of potassium chloride. No major differences in the T(1) relaxation times of dextran in the sol and in the gel state could be observed. Accordingly, the analysis of the 13C NMR spectroscopic data did not provide any indication of an observable line-broadening upon gel-formation. However, a KCl concentration dependent decrease of signal intensity in comparison to an internal standard was detected. On the other hand, the PFG NMR studies clearly indicated a gradual diminution of the self-diffusion coefficient of the dextran with increasing molecular weight as well as in the presence of potassium chloride. These measurements revealed in agreement with spectroscopic data that at least one potassium ion per monomer subunit (i.e. one glycopyranose residue) is necessary for gel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Naji
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 27, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Bendiak B, Fang TT, Jones DNM. An effective strategy for structural elucidation of oligosaccharides through NMR spectroscopy combined with peracetylation using doubly 13C-labeled acetyl groups. CAN J CHEM 2002. [DOI: 10.1139/v02-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of NMR spectroscopy for the elucidation of larger carbohydrate structures isolated from natural sources is principally limited by severe overlap of 1H signals, poor sensitivity when experiments involve 13C nuclei, and difficulties in conclusively establishing linkage positions. Peracetylation of oligosaccharides with doubly 13C-labeled acetyl groups provides several major advantages for their structural elucidation when combined with specifically tailored NMR pulse sequences. The 2.54.7 Hz J-coupling constants between acetyl carbonyl-13C nuclei and protons of the sugar ring at the sites of acetylation enables these sites to be readily assigned. By inference, glycosidic linkage positions on monosaccharides can be unambiguously determined. This can be used in lieu of permethylation analysis, yet does not require degradation of oligosaccharides. Spectral dispersion in the directly detected (1H) dimension is increased ~2.62.7-fold due to the downfield shifting of sugar-ring protons at the positions of acetylation. Peracetylation also introduces three new frequency dimensions for NMR studies, namely the 13CO, 13CMe, and 1HMe frequencies of the acetyl groups. These frequencies can be correlated to sugar protons, either independently or in combination, in alternative 2-, 3-, or 4-D experiments. The use of HartmannHahn coherence transfer combined with zero-quantum dephasing periods permits purely absorptive in-phase multiplets to be extracted and enables accurate scalar couplings between ring protons to be measured, even in multidimensional experiments. Results are illustrated on a nonasaccharide-alditol derived from N-linked glycoproteins and on some smaller structures containing sialic acids and N-acetylhexosamines. Methods for small-scale sample acetylation using the superacylation catalyst, 4-dimethylamino pyridine, are described. A brief historical perspective pertinent to the fundamental contributions of Dr. R.U. Lemieux to the field of carbohydrate NMR is also presented.Key words: NMR, oligosaccharides, peracetylation, doubly 13C-labeled acetyl groups, tailored pulse sequences, heteronuclear HartmannHahn.
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13
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Vlachou S, Politou A, Dais P, Mazeau K, Taravel F. Structure and dynamics of the branched polysaccharide scleroglucan in dilute solutions studied by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Polym 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(00)00334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Engelsen SB, Monteiro C, Hervé de Penhoat C, Pérez S. The diluted aqueous solvation of carbohydrates as inferred from molecular dynamics simulations and NMR spectroscopy. Biophys Chem 2001; 93:103-27. [PMID: 11804720 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(01)00215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to review our understanding of the dilute hydration (aqueous solvation) behaviour of disaccharide compounds. To this end we discuss and scrutinize the results that have been obtained for the three model disaccharides: maltose, sucrose and trehalose from experimental NMR studies and from theoretical molecular dynamics studies in explicit aqueous solutions. The focus is on the description of molecular hydration features that will influence macroscopic entities such as diffusion and relaxation: residence times of hydration waters, hydration numbers and hydration densities. The principles of molecular dynamics simulation are briefly outlined while a detailed presentation is given of the key features that characterise hydration: the solvation of the glycosidic linkage, the radial hydration of the solute, the water density anisotropy around the solute, the residential behaviour of water molecules in the periphery of the solute, and rotational and translational diffusion coefficients. With respect to the use of NMR in characterising the structure and dynamics of the hydration, the hydrodynamic theory of rotational and translational diffusion of biomolecules as well as the use of pulse field gradient spin echo experiments are briefly presented. The NMR-defined rotational diffusion coefficients (D(r)) and the experimentally determined translational diffusion (D(t)) coefficients are reported for 4% (w/w) solutions of sucrose, trehalose and maltose. These results are compared with theoretical data obtained from molecular dynamics simulations of sucrose, trehalose and maltose under identical conditions (concentration, temperature, etc.). With our present level of knowledge we can propose that although carbohydrates share a number of hydration characteristics, evidence is accumulating in support of the notion that it is not the amount or overall hydration but rather the detailed individual carbohydrate-water interaction that is likely to determine carbohydrate structure and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Engelsen
- The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Centre for Advanced food Studies, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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15
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Potrzebowski M, Kaźmierski S, Michalska M, Olejniczak S, Ciesielski W, Latanowicz L. Investigation of structure and motional behavior of 1,6:3,4-dianhydro-2-O-tosyl-β-d-galactopyranose in solution by means of multiple-field NMR spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(01)00571-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Jiménez-Barbero J, Espinosa JF, Asensio JL, Cañada FJ, Poveda A. The conformation of C-glycosyl compounds. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2001; 56:235-84. [PMID: 11039113 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2318(01)56006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Coxon B. Boat conformations. Analysis and simulation of the complex 1H NMR spectrum of methyl 2,6:3,4-dianhydro-alpha-D-altropyranoside. Carbohydr Res 2000; 329:131-9. [PMID: 11086693 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The complex 1H NMR spectrum of methyl 2,6:3,4-dianhydro-alpha-D-altropyranoside (1) has been analyzed and simulated in detail by using input parameters derived from experimental 1H chemical shifts, long- and short-range coupling constants, spin-lattice relaxation times, and effective, spin-spin relaxation times obtained by trial and error matching of the experimental and simulated spectra. The 13C spin-lattice relaxation times of 1 have also been measured, and along with the 1H-1H long- and short-range coupling constants, have been interpreted in terms of the geometry of 1 defined by molecular dynamics with simulated annealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Coxon
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8311, USA.
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18
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Monteiro C, Neyret S, Leforestier J, Hervé du Penhoat C. Solution conformation of various uridine diphosphoglucose salts as probed by NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Res 2000; 329:141-55. [PMID: 11086694 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The solution conformations of uridine diphosphoglucose (UDP-Glc) under a variety of conditions (solvent, ionic strength, various mono- and divalent cations) have been studied by NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 31P, and 25Mg). In the case of divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+) the phosphate oxygens are the preferred coordination sites and analysis of the 25Mg linewidths of solutions with various [Mg2+]/[UDP-Glc] ratios, indicates that the 1:1 Mg2+ UDP-Glc complex is the major species. From 13C relaxation data and hydrodynamic theory, it has been demonstrated that under all conditions UDP-Glc adopts a fairly extended overall shape and that magnesium ions lead to a significant increase in the average length of the UDP-Glc molecule as compared to monovalent cations. Thus, one of the roles of the metal ion in enzymic reactions involving nucleotide sugars may be to preorganize the nucleotide sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Monteiro
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, CNRS (associated with University Joseph Fourier), Grenoble, France
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19
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Naji L, Kaufmann J, Huster D, Schiller J, Arnold K. 13C NMR relaxation studies on cartilage and cartilage components. Carbohydr Res 2000; 327:439-46. [PMID: 10990029 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the molecular motions of polysaccharides of bovine nasal and pig articular cartilage by measuring the 13C NMR relaxation times (T1 and T2). Both types of cartilage differ significantly towards their collagen/glycosaminoglycan ratio, leading to different NMR spectra. As chondroitin sulfate is the main constituent of cartilage, aqueous solutions of related poly- and monosaccharides (N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid) were also investigated. Although there are only slight differences in T1 relaxation of the mono- and the polysaccharides, T2 decreases about one order of magnitude, when glucuronic acid or N-acetylglucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are compared. It is concluded that the ring carbons are motion-restricted primarily by the embedment in the rigid pyranose structure and, thus, additional limitations of mobility do not more show a major effect. Significant differences were observed between bovine nasal and pig articular cartilage, resulting in a considerable line-broadening and a lower signal to noise ratio in the spectra of pig articular cartilage. This is most likely caused by the higher collagen content of articular cartilage in comparison to the polysaccharide-rich bovine nasal cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Naji
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany
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20
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Bose-Basu B, Zajicek J, Bondo G, Zhao S, Kubsch M, Carmichael I, Serianni AS. Deuterium nuclear spin-lattice relaxation times and quadrupolar coupling constants in isotopically labeled saccharides. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2000; 144:207-216. [PMID: 10828189 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.2000.2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
(13)C and (2)H spin-lattice relaxation times have been determined by inversion recovery in a range of site-specific (13)C- and (2)H-labeled saccharides under identical solution conditions, and the data were used to calculate deuterium nuclear quadrupolar coupling constants ((2)H NQCC) at specific sites within cyclic and acyclic forms in solution. (13)C T(1) values ranged from approximately 0.6 to 8.2 s, and (2)H T(1) values ranged from approximately 79 to 450 ms, depending on molecular structure (0.4 M sugar in 5 mM EDTA (disodium salt) in (2)H(2)O-depleted H(2)O, pH 4. 8, 30 degrees C). In addition to providing new information on (13)C and (2)H relaxation behavior of saccharides in solution, the resulting (2)H1 NQCC values reveal a dependency on anomeric configuration within aldopyranose rings, whereas (2)H NQCC values at other ring sites appear less sensitive to configuration at C1. In contrast, (2)H NQCC values at both anomeric and nonanomeric sites within aldofuranose rings appear to be influenced by anomeric configuration. These experimental observations were confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of (2)H NQCC values in model aldopyranosyl and aldofuranosyl rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bose-Basu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556, USA
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21
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Tylianakis M, Spyros A, Dais P, Taravel FR, Perico A. NMR study of the rotational dynamics of linear homopolysaccharides in dilute solutions as a function of linkage position and stereochemistry. Carbohydr Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(98)00263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Díaz-Marrero AR, Santamaria M, Poveda A, Jiménez-Barbero J, Corzo J. Electrophoretic behavior and size distribution of the acidic polysaccharides produced by the bacteria Bradyrhizobium (Chamaecytisus) strain BGA-1 and Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110. Electrophoresis 1998; 19:2621-4. [PMID: 9848669 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150191509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The electrophoretic behavior in polyacrylamide gels of the acidic polysaccharides produced by the soil bacteria Bradyrhizobium (Chamaecytisus) strain BGA1 and Bradyrhizobiumjaponicum USDA1 10 has been studied. Both polysaccharides were polydisperse, producing a ladder-like pattern after fixation with Alcian Blue and silver staining of the gel. The polysaccharide molecules were separated according to their size, and they behaved as a collection of flexible random coils of different size and similar charge/mass ratio. The electrophoretic behavior was not affected by the presence of acetyl groups in the polysaccharide. The range of molecular weights of the exopolysaccharide produced by B. japonicum USDA110 was wider and with larger molecules than that of the polysaccharide produced by strain BGA1. The resolution was dependent on the electrophoresis buffer; the best results were achieved with Tris-borate; in Tris-glycine buffer, the resolution was worse, and it was not improved by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Díaz-Marrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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23
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Poveda A, Martin-Pastor M, Bernabe M, Leal JA, Jimenez-Barbero J. Solution conformation and dynamics of a fungal cell wall polysaccharide isolated from Microsporum gypseum. Glycoconj J 1998; 15:309-21. [PMID: 9579809 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006909515343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The conformational and dynamical features of a branched mannan isolated from a fungal cell wall have been analysed by homo and heteronuclear NMR methods, employing different magnetic fields. 1H NMR cross relaxation times have been obtained for this polysaccharide and have been interpreted qualitatively using different motional models. 13C NMR relaxation parameters (T1, T2, NOE) have also been measured and interpreted using different approximations based on the Lipari and Szabo model free approach. The analysis of the data indicate the existence of important flexibility for the different linkages of the polysaccharide. Motions in the range of 4-6 ns contribute to the relaxation of the macromolecule, although faster internal motions in the 500 ps and 100 ps timescales are also present. These time scales indicate that segmental motions as well as internal motions around the glycosidic linkages are the major sources of relaxation for this molecule at 318 K. Molecular dynamics simulations have also been performed. The obtained results also indicate that the polysaccharide possess a substantial amount of conformational freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Poveda
- Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain
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24
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Kjellberg A, Torgny Rundlöf,, Kowalewski J, Widmalm G. Motional Properties of Two Vicinally Disubstituted Trisaccharides As Studied by Multiple-Field Carbon-13 NMR Relaxation. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp971542e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kjellberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Division of Physical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torgny Rundlöf,
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Division of Physical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jozef Kowalewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Division of Physical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Widmalm
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Division of Physical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Poveda A, Santamaría M, Bernabé M, Rivera A, Corzo J, Jiménez-Barbero J. Solution conformation and dynamics of an extracellular polysaccharide isolated from Bradyrhyzobium as deduced from 1H-NMR off resonance ROESY and 13C-NMR relaxation measurements. Carbohydr Res 1997; 304:219-28. [PMID: 9468627 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(97)00238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The conformational and dynamical features of an extracellular branched deacetylated polysaccharide isolated from Bradyrhizobium (Chamaecytisus proliferus) have been investigated by homo and heteronuclear NMR methods. 1H-NMR cross relaxation rates have been obtained for this polysaccharide through regular NOESY and ROESY spectra as well as by modern off resonance ROESY techniques. Local proton-proton correlation times as well as interproton distances have been obtained. 13C-NMR relaxation parameters (T1, T2, NOE) have also been measured at two different magnetic fields and interpreted using different approximations based on the Lipari and Szabo model free approach. The analysis of the data indicates the existence of important flexibility for the different linkages of the polysaccharide. Motions in the range of several ns contribute to the relaxation of the macromolecule, although faster internal motions in the 600-800 ps time scales are also present. These time scales indicate that segmental motions as well as internal motions around the glycosidic linkages are the major sources of relaxation for this molecule at 299 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Poveda
- Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain
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26
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Bubb WA, Urashima T, Fujiwara R, Shinnai T, Ariga H. Structural characterisation of the exocellular polysaccharide produced by Streptococcus thermophilus OR 901. Carbohydr Res 1997; 301:41-50. [PMID: 9228738 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(97)00083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The exocellular polysaccharide of Streptococcus thermophilus OR 901, isolated from partially deproteinised whey, is a heteropolymer of D-galactopyranose and L-rhamnopyranose residues in the molar ratio 5:2. The structure was established by methylation analysis and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy of the native polysaccharide, in combination with characterisation of oligosaccharide fragments, obtained by partial acid hydrolysis, using methylation analysis and 1D 1H NMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide has a branched heptasaccharide repeating unit with the following structure: [sequence: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Bubb
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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27
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28
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Rubinstenn G, Sinaÿ P, Berthault P. Evidence of Conformational Heterogeneity for Carbohydrate Mimetics. NMR Study of Methyl β-C-Lactoside in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp962789z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Rubinstenn
- Laboratoire Commun de RMN, DRECAM/SCM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France, and Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75231 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Pierre Sinaÿ
- Laboratoire Commun de RMN, DRECAM/SCM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France, and Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75231 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Patrick Berthault
- Laboratoire Commun de RMN, DRECAM/SCM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France, and Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75231 Paris cedex 05, France
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29
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Mulloy B. High-field NMR as a technique for the determination of polysaccharide structures. Mol Biotechnol 1996; 6:241-65. [PMID: 9067973 DOI: 10.1007/bf02761706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy has played a developing role in the study of polysaccharide structures for over 30 years. Many new bacterial polysaccharide repeat unit structures have recently been published as a result of the application of modern NMR techniques. NMR can also be used to elucidate the structures of both regular and heterogeneous polysaccharides from fungal and plant sources, as well as complex glycosaminoglycans of animal origin. In addition to covalent structure, conformation and dynamics of polysaccharides are susceptible to NMR analysis, both in solution and in the solid state. Improvements in NMR technology with potential applications to polysaccharide studies hold promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mulloy
- Laboratory for Molecular Structure, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Hertfordshire, UK
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30
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Mikros E, Dais P, Sauriol F. Conformational analysis of asperlin by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Carbohydr Res 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(96)90609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Tvaroska I, Taravel FR. Carbon-proton coupling constants in the conformational analysis of sugar molecules. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 1995; 51:15-61. [PMID: 7484362 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2318(08)60191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Tvaroska
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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