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Schambach A, Buchholz CJ, Torres-Ruiz R, Cichutek K, Morgan M, Trapani I, Büning H. A new age of precision gene therapy. Lancet 2024; 403:568-582. [PMID: 38006899 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has become a clinical reality as market-approved advanced therapy medicinal products for the treatment of distinct monogenetic diseases and B-cell malignancies. This Therapeutic Review aims to explain how progress in genome editing technologies offers the possibility to expand both therapeutic options and the types of diseases that will become treatable. To frame these impressive advances in the context of modern medicine, we incorporate examples from human clinical trials into our discussion on how genome editing will complement currently available strategies in gene therapy, which still mainly rely on gene addition strategies. Furthermore, safety considerations and ethical implications, including the issue of accessibility, are addressed as these crucial parameters will define the impact that gene therapy in general and genome editing in particular will have on how we treat patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian J Buchholz
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Raul Torres-Ruiz
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Biomedical Innovation Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain; Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Molecular Cytogenetics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Klaus Cichutek
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ivana Trapani
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Hildegard Büning
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany.
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Chen XZ, Guo R, Zhao C, Xu J, Song H, Yu H, Pilarsky C, Nainu F, Li JQ, Zhou XK, Zhang JY. A Novel Anti-Cancer Therapy: CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:939090. [PMID: 35935840 PMCID: PMC9353945 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.939090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer becomes one of the main causes of human deaths in the world due to the high incidence and mortality rate and produces serious economic burdens. With more and more attention is paid on cancer, its therapies are getting more of a concern. Previous research has shown that the occurrence, progression, and treatment prognosis of malignant tumors are closely related to genetic and gene mutation. CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged as a powerful method for making changes to the genome, which has extensively been applied in various cell lines. Establishing the cell and animal models by CRISPR/Cas9 laid the foundation for the clinical trials which possibly treated the tumor. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing technology brings a great promise for inhibiting migration, invasion, and even treatment of tumor. However, the potential off-target effect limits its clinical application, and the effective ethical review is necessary. The article reviews the molecular mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9 and discusses the research and the limitation related to cancer clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Zhu Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Rong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Jing-Quan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Quan Li, ; Xin-Ke Zhou, ; Jian-Ye Zhang,
| | - Xin-Ke Zhou
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Quan Li, ; Xin-Ke Zhou, ; Jian-Ye Zhang,
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Quan Li, ; Xin-Ke Zhou, ; Jian-Ye Zhang,
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Cao Y, Jia F. Legal response to the gene-edited babies event. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2021; 61:159-160. [PMID: 32954925 DOI: 10.1177/0025802420953672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Cao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Information, PR China
| | - Fei Jia
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Information, PR China
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Wang L, Liu Z. Keeping a clean research environment: Addressing research misconduct and improving scientific integrity in China. Cancer Lett 2019; 464:1-4. [PMID: 31430529 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- Research Integrity Construction Office (RICO), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, China; The Supervisory Committee, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- The Supervisory Committee, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Jhaveri R. "Here Today, Gone Tomorrow" or "Here Today, Stay a Long While": The Divergent Paths of Two Host Factors Important in Viral Infections. Clin Ther 2019; 41:1907-1911. [PMID: 31447128 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Host factors are critically important in governing the susceptibility and severity of most viral infections. The importance of these host factors is governed by the prevalence of the virus and the availability of effective therapeutic and/or preventive measures. This commentary highlights two such host factors that were initially judged to be important but over time have moved in opposite directions: hepatitis C virus and the IL28B locus as well as HIV and the Δ32-CCR5 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Jhaveri
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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