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Huang J, Minne W, Drozdzak R, Recher G, Le Gac PY, Richaud E. Thermal oxidation of poly(Dicyclopentadiene) – Decomposition of hydroperoxides. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Collin S, Bussière PO, Therias S, Lacoste J. The role of hydroperoxides in the chemiluminescence of oxidized polymers reconsidered. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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3
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François-Heude A, Richaud E, Desnoux E, Colin X. Influence of temperature, UV-light wavelength and intensity on polypropylene photothermal oxidation. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rychlý J, Rychlá L, Stloukal P, Koutný M, Pekařová S, Verney V, Fiedlerová A. UV initiated oxidation and chemiluminescence from aromatic–aliphatic co-polyesters and polylactic acid. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kometani H, Matsumura T, Suga T, Kanai T. Quantitative Analysis for Polymer Degradation in the Extrusion Process. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Polymer degradation in the extrusion process decreases quality and productivity. For this reason, it is necessary to prevent polymer degradation. In the extrusion process, polymer degradation is caused by oxidation. It depends on the processing temperature and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the molten polymer. Therefore, a quantitative analysis of these factors is required.
As for the degradation characteristics of the material used in this study, temperature and oxygen concentration dependency of the oxidation rate could be quantitatively characterized with an apparatus to evaluate polymer degradation which utilized chemiluminescence generated by an oxidation reaction.
Moreover, an online measuring apparatus to analyze dissolved gas in the extruded molten polymer was developed. With this apparatus, the volume ratio of dissolved gases (N2, O2 etc.) to the extruded molten polymer could be quantitatively analyzed and the quality of the extruded molten polymer evaluated.
With this apparatus, dissolved nitrogen (an index of entrained air) was analyzed with a full-flight screw and a barrier screw. Furthermore, observation of cross sectional views in the screw channel obtained from the cooling experiment under the operating conditions was carried out for the full-flight screw and the barrier screw. With the full-flight screw, break up phenomenon (collapse of solid polymer) occurred in the screw channel and the amount of nitrogen increased. With the barrier screw, the amount of nitrogen decreased because of prevention of the break up phenomenon in the screw channel.
Consequently, it is shown that the use of the barrier screw is suitable for oxygen reduction in the molten polymer, which is a factor in causing polymer degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Kometani
- Paper & Film Machinery Laboratory, Hiroshima Research & Development Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Matsumura
- Paper & Film Machinery Laboratory, Hiroshima Research & Development Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Suga
- Paper & Film Machinery Laboratory, Hiroshima Research & Development Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Kanai
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd., Chiba, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Malíková M, Rychlý J, Matisová-Rychlá L. The effects of annealing in inert atmospheres and of oxygen concentration on chemiluminescence from polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Accelerating effect of poly(methyl methacrylate) on rubber oxidation, Part 1: A chemiluminescence study. Polym Degrad Stab 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Margolin AL, Shlyapintokh VY. Chemilumunescence of Isotactic Polypropylene Induced by UV Irradiation. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00914030008035078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Celina M, Trujillo A, Gillen K, Minier L. Chemiluminescence as a condition monitoring method for thermal aging and lifetime prediction of an HTPB elastomer. Polym Degrad Stab 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Jacobson K. Oxidation of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) part 2: Critical examination of the total luminescence intensity (TLI) method for determining hydroperoxides. Polym Degrad Stab 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Ultrasonic oscillations induced morphology and property development of polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Zaharescu T, Kaci M, Setnescu R, Jipa S, Touati N. Thermal stability evaluation of polypropylene protected with grafted amine. Polym Bull (Berl) 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-006-0505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Many oxidation reactions of organic materials, including polymers, are accompanied by the emission of weak chemiluminescence (CL). From a study of the mechanism of this weak CL, it is shown that the time development of the CL intensity may provide the kinetics of the oxidation reaction and is thus a sensitive probe of the degradation of the material. The intensity of emission reflects the concentration of peroxidic species in the material. Whereas the kinetics of the oxidation may be described by a series of elementary, homogeneous free radical reactions, the use of imaging techniques has shown that the oxidation of polymers such as polypropylene is highly heterogeneous. A model that describes the oxidation as spreading through the material as an infection from a number of initiating sites is able to rationalize these observations and provide a new approach to the prediction of the useful lifetime of a polymeric material.
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Jin C, Christensen P, Egerton T, White J. Effect of anisotropy on photo-mechanical oxidation of polyethylene. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(03)00550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Efficiency assessment of additives in thermal degradation of i-PP by chemiluminescence I. Triazines. Polym Degrad Stab 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-3910(99)00179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Margolin A, Shlyapintokh V. Chemiluminescence of isotactic polypropylene induced by UV irradiation. Polym Degrad Stab 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-3910(99)00079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Lánská B, Matisová-Rychlá L, Rychlý J. Chemiluminescence of polyamides: I. Luminescence accompanying autoxidation of lactams and thermolysis of lactam hydroperoxides. Polym Degrad Stab 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-3910(97)00139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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