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Huang L, Li Y, Zheng Z, Bai Y, Russell TP, He C. Flexible, transparent, and sustainable cellulose-based films for organic solar cell substrates. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1560-1566. [PMID: 38263927 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01998e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose, often considered a highly promising substitute for petroleum-based plastics, offers several compelling advantages, including abundant availability, cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and biodegradability. However, its inherent highly crystalline structure and extensive hydrogen-bonded network pose challenges for processing and recycling. In this study, we introduce the concept of cellulose vitrimers (CVs), wherein dynamic bonds are incorporated to reconfigure the hydrogen-bonded network, resulting in a mechanically robust, highly transparent material. CVs exhibit exceptional malleability, thermal stability, and noteworthy resistance to water and solvents. Due to the dynamic bond disassociation, CVs can be effectively chemically recycled using a well-established "dissolution-and-reforming" process. Moreover, CVs have proven successful as flexible substrate materials for organic solar cells, outperforming traditional petroleum-based polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). Given these advantages, CVs have the potential to replace conventional petroleum-based materials as recyclable and environmentally friendly alternatives, particularly within the realm of electronic devices and displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewen Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, 341000, Ganzhou, China.
| | - Yibao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, 341000, Ganzhou, China.
| | - Zhong Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, 341000, Ganzhou, China.
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Changfei He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, 341000, Ganzhou, China.
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Kaplan M, Ciesielski M, Fuchs S, Getterle C, Schönberger F, Pfaendner R. Novel Macromolecular and Biobased Flame Retardants Based on Cellulose Esters and Phosphorylated Sugar Alcohols. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3195. [PMID: 37571090 PMCID: PMC10420857 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand to provide sustainably produced plastic materials requires, a.o., the development of biobased flame retardants (FRs) for applications where flame retardancy is essential. To meet those challenging new sustainability requirements, a set of novel phosphorus-containing cellulose esters were synthesized by an efficient two-step procedure. In the first step, cellulose was treated with acrylic anhydride to synthesize acrylate-functionalized cellulose esters-more specifically, cellulose acrylate butyrate (CeAcBu) and propionate (CeAcPr). Subsequently, phosphorylated anhydro erythritol (PAHE), synthesized from the sugar alcohol erythritol, was added to the acrylate-functionalized cellulose esters via Phospha-Michael addition. For comparison a cellulose ester based on 6H-Dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorin-6-on (DOPO) was prepared analogously. The acrylate-functionalized cellulose esters and novel FRs were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. TGA investigations of PAHE-functionalized CeAcBu revealed an onset temperature of decomposition (2% mass loss) of approx. 290 °C. The novel PAHE-based FR was incorporated into a polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer (PP-co-PE) together with poly-tert-butylphenol disulfide (PBDS) (8 wt.%/2 wt.%) as a synergist. The PP-PE samples achieved V2 classification in the UL 94 V test. In addition, specimens of a rapeseed oil-based polyamide containing PAHE-functionalized CeAcBu at 20 wt.% loading yielded a V2 rating with short burning times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matay Kaplan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany; (M.K.); (F.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Michael Ciesielski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany; (M.K.); (F.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Sabine Fuchs
- Hamm-Lippstadt University of Applied Sciences, 59063 Hamm, Germany; (S.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Christoffer Getterle
- Hamm-Lippstadt University of Applied Sciences, 59063 Hamm, Germany; (S.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Frank Schönberger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany; (M.K.); (F.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rudolf Pfaendner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany; (M.K.); (F.S.); (R.P.)
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de Vasconcelos LM, Vasconcelos NF, Lomonaco D, de Freitas Rosa M, Rodriguez-castellon E, Andrade FK, Vieira RS. Microwave-assisted periodate oxidation as a rapid and efficient alternative to oxidize bacterial cellulose wet membrane. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Towards the Hydrophobization of Thermoplastic Starch Using Fatty Acid Starch Ester as Additive. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196739. [PMID: 36235274 PMCID: PMC9573333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To bring surface hydrophobicity to thermoplastic starch (TPS) materials for food packaging, fatty acid starch esters (FASE), specifically starch tri-laurate, were incorporated into TPS formulations. A total of three different ratios of FASE (2%, 5% and 10%) were added to the TPS formulation to evaluate the influence of FASE onto physico-chemical properties of TPS/FASE blends, i.e., surface hydrophobicity, dynamic vapor sorption (DVS), and tensile behaviors. Blending TPS with FASE leads to more hydrophobic materials, whatever the FASE ratio, with initially measured contact angles ranging from 90° for the 2%-FASE blend to 99° for the 10%-blend. FT-IR study of the material surface and inner core shows that FASE is mainly located at the material surface, justifying the increase of material surface hydrophobicity. Despite this surface hydrophobicity, blending TPS with FASE seems not to affect blend vapor sorption behavior. From a mechanical behavior perspective, the variability of tensile properties of starch-based materials with humidity rate is slightly reduced with increasing FASE ratio (a decrease of maximal stress of 10–30% was observed for FASE ratio 2% and 10%), leading to more ductile materials.
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Kustov LM, Kustov AL, Salmi T. Processing of lignocellulosic polymer wastes using microwave irradiation. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Duchatel-Crépy L, Joly N, Martin P, Marin A, Tahon JF, Lefebvre JM, Gaucher V. Substitution degree and fatty chain length influence on structure and properties of fatty acid cellulose esters. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ionic Liquid-Mediated Homogeneous Esterification of Cinnamic Anhydride to Xylans. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122502. [PMID: 29168768 PMCID: PMC5751105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A new functional biopolymer was synthesized through an ionic liquid-mediated homogeneous grafting of cinnamic anhydride to xylans. The ionic liquid used was 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl) ionic liquid. Xylans with degrees of substitution (DS) between 0.11 and 0.57 were accessible in a completely homogeneous system by changing catalysts (NaOH, KOH and LiOH), time, reaction temperature, and cinnamic anhydride/xylan molar ratio. The chemical structure and the thermal stability of the derivatives were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. The thermal stability of the derivatives was reduced compared with the original xylan. Possible applications of the cinnamic anhydride-acylated xylan derivatives include wet-end papermaking, organic–inorganic composite films, and hydrogels.
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Side-chain crystallization in alkyl-substituted cellulose esters and hydroxypropyl cellulose esters. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 162:28-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Vanmarcke A, Leroy L, Stoclet G, Duchatel-Crépy L, Lefebvre JM, Joly N, Gaucher V. Influence of fatty chain length and starch composition on structure and properties of fully substituted fatty acid starch esters. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 164:249-257. [PMID: 28325324 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of almost fully substituted Fatty Acid Starch Esters (FASEs) has been obtained in a homogeneous LiCl/DMAc medium by grafting octanoyl (C8), lauroyl (C12) and palmitoyl (C16) chlorides onto 3 starch species: Amylo-Maize, Potato and Waxy Maize. Structure-property relationships of FASEs are investigated as a function of both fatty acid chain length and amylose/amylopectin ratio of the starch. The structural study has revealed a layered type organization in which starch chain planes are separated by fatty chains. The latter are interpenetrated and/or tilted for FASE-C16 whatever the origin of the starch is, and fatty chains partially crystallizes into a structure with hexagonal symmetry. FASEs with C8 and C12 side chains are totally amorphous. The mechanical behavior of FASEs is shown to depend on both side chain length and amylose/amylopectin ratio, and an increase in material ductility is observed at increasing amylose content for C8 and C12 side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Vanmarcke
- Univ Lille Nord France, 59000 Lille, France; Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, UMR CNRS 8207, Université Lille 1, France
| | - Lise Leroy
- Univ Lille Nord France, 59000 Lille, France; Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, UMR CNRS 8207, Université Lille 1, France
| | - Gregory Stoclet
- Univ Lille Nord France, 59000 Lille, France; Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, UMR CNRS 8207, Université Lille 1, France
| | - Lucie Duchatel-Crépy
- Univ Lille Nord France, 59000 Lille, France; UArtois, IUT Béthune, 62408 Béthune, France; IUT de Béthune, 1230 rue de l'Université, CS 20819, 62408 Béthune, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lefebvre
- Univ Lille Nord France, 59000 Lille, France; Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, UMR CNRS 8207, Université Lille 1, France
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Univ Lille Nord France, 59000 Lille, France; UArtois, IUT Béthune, 62408 Béthune, France; IUT de Béthune, 1230 rue de l'Université, CS 20819, 62408 Béthune, France.
| | - Valérie Gaucher
- Univ Lille Nord France, 59000 Lille, France; Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, UMR CNRS 8207, Université Lille 1, France.
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Wu C, Chen T, Xin Y, Zhang Z, Ren Z, Lei J, Chu B, Wang Y, Tang S. Nanofibrous asymmetric membranes self-organized from chemically heterogeneous electrospun mats for skin tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2016; 11:035019. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/3/035019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Miníková S, Sroková I, Sasinková V, Malovíková A, Ebringerová A. O-(2-Hydroxyethyl)cellulose–derived Surfactants Prepared by Microwave–assisted Transesterification. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/113.110020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A series of polymeric surfactants were prepared from O-(2-hydroxyethyl)cellulose (HEC, DS = 1) by transesterification of methyl laurate and the complex of methyl esters of rape seed oil fatty acids in the H2O/DMF system using microwave irradiation as heating source. The obtained derivatives were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and viscometry, and their surfaceactive, foaming, emulsification and performance properties evaluated. The results indicate that under microwave heating water-soluble HEC-fatty acid esters with very low degree of esterification can be obtained in a few minutes and at temperatures not exceeding 100°C. The derivatives exhibited foaming ability and significant emulsifying efficiency for ‘oil in water’-type emulsions comparable to that of commercial surfactants as well as a good washing power and very high antiredeposition efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Miníková
- Trenčín University of Alexander Dubcek, Púchov, Slovakia
| | - I. Sroková
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - V. Sasinková
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A. Malovíková
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A. Ebringerová
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Fan D, Ma W, Wang L, Huang J, Zhang F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Determining the effects of microwave heating on the ordered structures of rice starch by NMR. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 92:1395-401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Kee CM, Idris A. Modification of cellulose acetate membrane using monosodium glutamate additives prepared by microwave heating. J IND ENG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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15
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Xu Y, Wang C, Stark NM, Cai Z, Chu F. Miscibility and thermal behavior of poly (ɛ-caprolactone)/long-chain ester of cellulose blends. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Crépy L, Monchau F, Chai F, Raoul G, Hivart P, Hildebrand HF, Martin P, Joly N. Evaluation of a bio-based hydrophobic cellulose laurate film as biomaterial--study on biodegradation and cytocompatibility. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1000-8. [PMID: 22323390 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to validate an original bio-based material, obtained by grafting fatty chains, and more especially lauric chains (C12) onto cellulose, for medical applications. The mechanical properties of the synthesized cellulose laurate (C12) are close to those of petrochemical ones such as low density polyethylene. This cellulose-based polymer is transparent, flexible, and hydrophobic. To evaluate the stability of the cellulosic films in biological fluids the samples are soaked in simulated body fluid or blood plasma for a few hours to 6 months, and then submitted to mechanical and chemical analyses. The simultaneously performed cytocompatibility tests were the colony-forming viability, the vitality and cell proliferation tests using NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and MC 3T3 osteoblast-like cells. The results show the stability, the biocompatibility, and the noncytotoxicity of the synthesized cellulose laurate films. This biomaterial may so be considered for surgical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Crépy
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
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17
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Cellulose esters from waste cotton fabric via conventional and microwave heating. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Xu YZ, Stark NM, Cai ZY, Jin LW, Wang CP, Chu FX. Preparation of Internally Plasticized Ester of Cellulose Irradiated by Microwave and Its Properties. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2011.557804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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19
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Wang X, Li H, Cao Y, Tang Q. Cellulose extraction from wood chip in an ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7959-65. [PMID: 21684735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl), an ionic liquid (IL), was used to extract cellulose from pine, poplar, Chinese parasol, and catalpa wood chips. Results show that pine is the most suitable wood species for cellulose extraction with ILs. Its cellulose extraction rate can reach as high as 62% under optimized conditions and its cellulose content is as high as 85% when DMSO/water is used as the precipitant. The dissolution process can be clearly observed by hot stage optical microscopy, and the reaction time can be significantly reduced by microwave irradiation. (13)C CP/MAS NMR, FTIR, XRD, and SEM were used to analyze the cellulose-rich extracts of pine. Results show that IL dissolves pine wood by destroying inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonds between lignocelluloses. The major component of pine extract is cellulose with a homogeneous and dense structure. After extraction, AmimCl can be easily recycled and reused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Tomanová V, Sroková I, Ebringerová A, Sasinková V. Surface-active and associative properties of ionic polymeric surfactants based on carboxymethylcellulose. POLYM ENG SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.22014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Tomé LC, Gonçalves CM, Boaventura M, Brandão L, Mendes AM, Silvestre AJ, Neto CP, Gandini A, Freire CS, Marrucho IM. Preparation and evaluation of the barrier properties of cellophane membranes modified with fatty acids. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Chadlia A, Farouk MM. Rapid homogeneous esterification of cellulose extracted from Posidonia induced by microwave irradiation. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Hou Z, Han J, Zhan C, Zhou C, Hu Q, Zhang Q. Synthesis and evaluation of N-succinyl-chitosan nanoparticles toward local hydroxycamptothecin delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Lin CX, Zhan HY, Liu MH, Fu SY, Huang LH. Rapid homogeneous preparation of cellulose graft copolymer in BMIMCL under microwave irradiation. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Possidonio S, Fidale LC, El Seoud OA. Microwave-assisted derivatization of cellulose in an ionic liquid: An efficient, expedient synthesis of simple and mixed carboxylic esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Microwave technique for efficient deacetylation of chitin nanowhiskers to a chitosan nanoscaffold. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:331-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Revised: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Crépy L, Chaveriat L, Banoub J, Martin P, Joly N. Synthesis of cellulose fatty esters as plastics-influence of the degree of substitution and the fatty chain length on mechanical properties. CHEMSUSCHEM 2009; 2:165-170. [PMID: 19180609 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.200800171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Alternative films: The effect of the chain length and the degree of substitution on the mechanical and hydrophobic properties of various cellulose fatty ester plastic films was studied. The results suggest that the cellulose ester plastic films are promising alternatives to petrochemical commodity plastics such as polyethylene.Cellulose-based plastic films were prepared by acylating cellulose in homogeneous media under microwave irradiation with fatty acyl chlorides containing either saturated or unsaturated chains of various lengths (C(12) to C(18)). The resultant cellulose esters were analysed by FTIR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy to confirm their structure and to determine their degree of substitution. Some of the cellulose fatty esters were then converted into polymer films by casting. The mechanical properties of these films were determined, including their elastic modulus, tensile strength and tensile strain level. The hydrophobicity of the polymer films was determined by contact angle measurement with water. The mechanical and hydrophobic properties of the plastic films were then compared to those of commodity plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Crépy
- I.U.T. de Béthune, Département Chimie, site de l'Artois - UMR CNRS, France
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Domínguez de María P, Martinsson A. Ionic-liquid-based method to determine the degree of esterification in cellulose fibers. Analyst 2009; 134:493-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b815740e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Semsarilar M, Perrier S. Solubilization and Functionalization of Cellulose Assisted by Microwave Irradiation. Aust J Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1071/ch08491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The dissolution and functionalization of cellulose in the DMAc/LiCl system assisted by microwave irradiation is investigated. Cellulose solutions were prepared using mono- and multimodal microwave radiation, as well as using a conventional heating method. The effect of microwave irradiation on the dissolution of cellulose was evaluated by comparison of physical properties such as the viscosity of the resulting solution and the size distribution of the cellulosic chains in solution. We demonstrate that monomodal microwave irradiation allows for a faster and easier dissolution of cellulose, when compared with the use of multimodal microwave irradiation, or conventional heating. Furthermore, we show that monomodal microwave irradiation can be used for a one-pot modification of cellulose undertaken in two steps, first dissolution of the cellulose followed by reaction of the functional groups. The concept is illustrated by the modification of cellulose with lauroyl chloride.
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Isolation, characterization and valorization of hemicelluloses from Aristida pungens leaves as biomaterial. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Hou A, Wang X, Wu L. Effect of microwave irradiation on the physical properties and morphological structures of cotton cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Čížová A, Sroková I, Sasinková V, Malovíková A, Ebringerová A. Carboxymethyl Starch Octenylsuccinate: Microwave- and Ultrasound-assisted Synthesis and Properties. STARCH-STARKE 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/star.200800221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Ren JL, Xu F, Sun RC, Peng B, Sun JX. Studies of the lauroylation of wheat straw hemicelluloses under heating. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:1251-1258. [PMID: 18237136 DOI: 10.1021/jf072983q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lauroylation of wheat straw hemicelluloses in the N, N-dimethylformamide/lithium chloride system under microwave irradiation was studied. The parameters optimized included lauroyl chloride concentration as the molar ratio of xylose unit in hemicelluloses/lauroyl chloride (1:1-1:4), 4-dimethylaminopyridine concentration (2-10%), reaction time (1-8 min), molar ratio of xylose unit in hemicelluloses/triethylamine (1:2), and reaction temperature (78 degrees C). The reaction efficiency was measured by the yield and degree of substitution (DS). Under an optimum reaction condition (molar ratio of xylose unit in hemicelluloses/lauroyl chloride 1:3, molar ratio of xylose unit in hemicelluloses/triethylamine 1:2, 5% 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 78 degrees C, 5 min), a DS of 1.63 was obtained. Changes in the structure of hemicelluloses were verified by FT-IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the lauroylation occurred preferentially at the C-3 position of the xylose unit in hemicelluloses. The behavior of the lauroylated hemicelluloses was monitored by means of thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis. It was found that the product with low DS had a lower thermal stability than the native hemicelluloses, whereas the lauroylated polymers with high DS showed a higher thermal stability than the unmodified hemicelluloses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Xu F, Jiang JX, Sun RC, She D, Peng B, Sun JX, Kennedy JF. Rapid esterification of wheat straw hemicelluloses induced by microwave irradiation. Carbohydr Polym 2008; 73:612-20. [PMID: 26048228 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Esterification of wheat straw hemicelluloses with acetyl chloride, propionyl chloride, n-octanoyl chloride, lauroyl chloride, palmitoyl chloride, stearoyl chloride, and oleoyl chloride, respectively, using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as a catalyst was achieved in DMF/LICl medium by microwave irradiation. The effects of various acyl chlorides and the molar ratios of xylose units in hemicelluloses/acyl chloride on the degree of substitution (DS) were investigated and DS reached up to 1.34 by a few minutes. (13)C NMR studies showed that the esterification occurred preferentially at the C-3 and C-2 positions. On the other hand, microwave irradiation brought a partial degradation of the polymer, and therefore resulted in a slight decrease in thermal stability of the hemicellulosic derivatives in comparison with conventional heating technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Xing Jiang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dai She
- College of Forestry, The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences and Technology, Yangling, China
| | - Bai Peng
- College of Forestry, The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences and Technology, Yangling, China
| | - Jin-Xia Sun
- College of Forestry, The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences and Technology, Yangling, China
| | - John F Kennedy
- Birmingham Carbohydrate and Protein Technology Group, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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35
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Takano T, Ishikawa J, Kamitakahara H, Nakatsubo F. The application of microwave heating to the synthesis of 6-amino-6-deoxycellulose. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:2456-60. [PMID: 17669382 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Revised: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Microwave heating was applied to the reactions involved in the synthesis of 6-amino-6-deoxycellulose, 4. These included, cellulose solubilization, bromination at C-6, displacement of bromine with azide ion, and reduction of the azido group to an amino group. Compared to conventional heating, this approach had the advantages of shortening reaction times and retaining the degree of polymerization of 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Takano
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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36
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Matahwa H, Ramiah V, Jarrett WL, McLeary JB, Sanderson RD. Microwave Assisted Graft Copolymerization of N-Isopropyl Acrylamide and Methyl Acrylate on Cellulose: Solid State NMR Analysis and CaCO3 Crystallization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200750906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Haupt M, Boettger T. Microwave-Supported Preparation of α-Cellulose for Analysis of δ13C in Tree Rings. Anal Chem 2006; 78:7248-52. [PMID: 17037928 DOI: 10.1021/ac060523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The microwave technique is found to be very applicable for the preparation of alpha-cellulose from wood samples and can be recommended for analyzing the stable carbon isotopes in tree rings. At a reaction temperature of 80 degrees C, the extraction time can be decreased from 36 h to 15 min. Microwave-supported prepared cellulose contains more amorphous constituents, resulting in a relatively higher reactivity and amenability for a following nitration with regard to determination of nonexchangeable hydrogen. The delta18O values of microwave-enhanced extracted cellulose remain significantly lighter than reference values, possibly as a result of an increased oxygen isotope exchange between bleaching solution and cellulose under conditions of high energy input. Therefore, this technique cannot be recommended for oxygen isotope analyses in wood cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Haupt
- Department of Isotope Hydrology, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Joly
- a Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles , Faculté des Sciences et Techniques , Université de Limoges , 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - R. Granet
- a Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles , Faculté des Sciences et Techniques , Université de Limoges , 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - P. Krausz
- a Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles , Faculté des Sciences et Techniques , Université de Limoges , 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
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39
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Freire CSR, Silvestre AJD, Neto CP, Belgacem MN, Gandini A. Controlled heterogeneous modification of cellulose fibers with fatty acids: Effect of reaction conditions on the extent of esterification and fiber properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Memmi A, Granet R, Gahbiche MA, Fekih A, Bakhrouf A, Krausz P. Fatty esters of cellulose from olive pomace and barley bran: Improved mechanical properties by metathesis crosslinking. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Wongpanit P, Sanchavanakit N, Pavasant P, Supaphol P, Tokura S, Rujiravanit R. Preparation and Characterization of Microwave-treated Carboxymethyl Chitin and Carboxymethyl Chitosan Films for Potential Use in Wound Care Application. Macromol Biosci 2005; 5:1001-12. [PMID: 16208633 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
CM-chitin and CM-chitosan films were successfully crosslinked by microwave treatment. Crosslinking of the microwave-treated CM-chitin films involved mainly the carboxylate and the secondary alcohol groups, while crosslinking of microwave-treated CM-chitosan films involved the carboxylate and the amino groups. In addition, the crystallinity of CM-chitin increased with increasing microwave treatment time, whereas an increase in the crystallinity of the microwave-treated CM-chitosan films was not observed. At a similar percentage of weight loss, the crosslinking of either CM-chitin or CM-chitosan films by microwave treatment required much less stringent condition when compared with the crosslinking by autoclave treatment. Based on both direct and indirect cytotoxicity assays, the cytotoxicity of the microwave-treated CM-chitin films was negative, while that of the microwave-treated CM-chitosan films was positive. Human fibroblasts adhered on the surface of microwave-treated CM-chitosan films much better than on the surface of microwave-treated CM-chitin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panya Wongpanit
- Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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42
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El Seoud OA, Heinze T. Organic Esters of Cellulose: New Perspectives for Old Polymers. POLYSACCHARIDES I 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/b136818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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43
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Liu L, Li Y, Fang YE, Chen L. Microwave-assisted graft copolymerization of ε-caprolactone onto chitosan via the phthaloyl protection method. Carbohydr Polym 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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45
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Joly N, Granet R, Branland P, Verneuil B, Krausz P. New methods for acylation of pure and sawdust-extracted cellulose by fatty acid derivatives—Thermal and mechanical analyses of cellulose-based plastic films. J Appl Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/app.21783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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46
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47
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Iizawa T, Morimoto T, Yamaguchi T, Kato S. Acetylation of poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) gel and synthesis of core-shell type gel. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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48
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Moine C, Gloaguen V, Gloaguen JM, Granet R, Krausz P. Chemical valorization of forest and agricultural by-products. Obtention, chemical characteristics, and mechanical behavior of a novel family of hydrophobic films. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2004; 39:627-640. [PMID: 15473642 DOI: 10.1081/pfc-200026884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Esterification of hemicelluloses of the xylan family was performed in order to produce hydrophobic films. Acylation reactions were carried out with lauroyl chloride in the N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride homogeneous system using 4-dimethylaminopyridine as activator and were induced by microwave irradiation. In the experimental conditions used, 108 and 172% mass ratios were obtained for the dodecyl-grafted xylan and heteroxylan, respectively. The degrees of substitution (DS) were 1.3 (maximum 2) for xylan and 1.2 (maximum 2.1) for heteroxylan. These products were further characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy. The mechanical and thermomechanical behavior of this new family of hydrophobic films were analyzed and compared to those obtained from cellulose with a similar DS by the means of tensile tests. Our results indicate that the dodecyl-grafted xylan film presents the best rigidity-resistance to traction ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Moine
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Limoges Cedex, France
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49
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Xu F, Sun RC, Sun XF, Geng Z, Xiao B, Sun J. Analysis and Characterization of Acetylated Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicelluloses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660490920228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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50
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Satgé C, Granet R, Verneuil B, Branland P, Krausz P. Synthesis and properties of biodegradable plastic films obtained by microwave-assisted cellulose acylation in homogeneous phase. CR CHIM 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2003.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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