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Pascal FJM, Vega A, Akopyan M, Hoke KL, Robertson JM. Sexual signal evolution and patterns of assortative mating across an intraspecific contact zone. J Evol Biol 2023; 36:1077-1089. [PMID: 37306282 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Contact zones provide important insights into the evolutionary processes that underlie lineage divergence and speciation. Here, we use a contact zone to ascertain speciation potential in the red-eyed treefrog (Agalychnis callidryas), a brightly coloured and polymorphic frog that exhibits unusually high levels of intraspecific variation. Populations of A. callidryas differ in a number of traits, several of which are known sexual signals that mediate premating reproductive isolation in allopatric populations. Along the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, a ~100 km contact zone, situated between two phenotypically and genetically divergent parent populations, contains multiple colour pattern phenotypes and late-generation hybrids. This contact zone provides the opportunity to examine processes that are important in the earliest stages of lineage divergence. We performed analyses of colour pattern variation in five contact zone sites and six parental sites and found complex, continuous colour variation along the contact zone. We found discordance between the geographic distribution of colour pattern and previously described genomic population structure. We then used a parental site and contact zone site to measure assortative mating and directional selection from naturally-occurring amplectant mating pairs. We found assortative mating in a parental population, but no assortative mating in the contact zone. Furthermore, we uncovered evidence of directional preference towards the adjacent parental phenotype in the contact zone population, but no directional preference in the parent population. Combined, these data provide insights into potential dynamics at the contact zone borders and indicate that incipient speciation between parent populations will be slowed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florine J M Pascal
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | | | - Maria Akopyan
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kim L Hoke
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeanne M Robertson
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
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2
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Clark MI, Bradburd GS, Akopyan M, Vega A, Rosenblum EB, Robertson JM. Genetic isolation by distance underlies colour pattern divergence in red-eyed treefrogs (Agalychnis callidryas). Mol Ecol 2022; 31:1666-1681. [PMID: 35034406 PMCID: PMC8923152 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the spatial distribution of genetic and phenotypic variation can provide insights into the evolutionary processes that shape diversity in natural systems. We characterized patterns of genetic and phenotypic diversity to learn about drivers of colour-pattern diversification in red-eyed treefrogs (Agalychnis callidryas) in Costa Rica. Along the Pacific coast, red-eyed treefrogs have conspicuous leg colour patterning that transitions from orange in the north to purple in the south. We measured phenotypic variation of frogs, with increased sampling at sites where the orange-to-purple transition occurs. At the transition zone, we discovered the co-occurrence of multiple colour-pattern morphs. To explore possible causes of this variation, we generated a single nucleotide polymorphism data set to analyse population genetic structure, measure genetic diversity and infer the processes that mediate genotype-phenotype dynamics. We investigated how patterns of genetic relatedness correspond to individual measures of colour pattern along the coast, including testing for the role of hybridization in geographic regions where orange and purple phenotypic groups co-occur. We found no evidence that colour-pattern polymorphism in the transition zone arose through recent hybridization. Instead, a strong pattern of genetic isolation by distance indicates that colour-pattern variation was either retained through other processes such as ancestral colour polymorphisms or ancient secondary contact, or else it was generated by novel mutations. We found that phenotype changes along the Pacific coast more than would be expected based on genetic divergence and geographic distance alone. Combined, our results suggest the possibility of selective pressures acting on colour pattern at a small geographic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan I. Clark
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, USA,Department of integrative Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA,W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA
| | - Gideon S. Bradburd
- Department of integrative Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria Akopyan
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, USA,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | - Erica Bree Rosenblum
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA,Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jeanne M. Robertson
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, USA,Department of Herpetology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, USA
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3
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Gao Y, Li R, Yang W, Zhou M, Wang L, Ma C, Xi X, Chen T, Shaw C, Wu D. Identification of a new myotropic decapeptide from the skin secretion of the red-eyed leaf frog, Agalychnis callidryas. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243326. [PMID: 33270804 PMCID: PMC7714090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bradykinin-related peptides (BRPs) family is one of the most significant myotropic peptide families derived from frog skin secretions. Here, a novel BRP callitide was isolated and identified from the red-eyed leaf frog, Agalychnis callidryas, with atypical primary structure FRPAILVRPK-NH2. The mature peptide was cleaved N-terminally at a classic propeptide convertase cleavage site (-KR-) and at the C-terminus an unusual -GKGKGK sequence was removed using the first G residue as an amide donor for the C-terminally-located K residue. Thereafter, the synthetic replicates of callitide were assessed the myotropic activity and showed a significant contraction of balder, with the 0.63 nM EC50 value, more potent than most discovered myotropic peptides. The binding mode was further speculated by molecular docking and stimulation. The result indicated that the C-terminal of callitide might selectively bind to bradykinin receptor B2 (BKRB2). Further investigation of the callitide needs to be done in the future to be exploited as potential future drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Gao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Renjie Li
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Wenqing Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Wang
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Chengbang Ma
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Xinping Xi
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Tianbao Chen
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Shaw
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Di Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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4
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Rational Design of Hybrid Peptides: A Novel Drug Design Approach. Curr Med Sci 2019; 39:349-355. [PMID: 31209802 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-019-2042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peptides play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Consequently, the investigation of peptide-based drugs is a highlight in the research and development of new drugs. However, natural peptides are not always ideal choices for clinical application due to their limited number and sometimes cytotoxicity to normal cells. Aiming to gain stronger or specific or novel biological effects and overcome the disadvantages of natural peptides, artificial hybrid peptides have been designed by combining the sequence of two or more different peptides with varied biological functions. Compared to natural peptides, hybrid peptides have shown better therapeutic potentials against bacteria, tumors, and metabolic diseases. In this review, design strategies, structure features and recent development of hybrid peptides are summarized; future directions for the research and development of hybrid peptide drugs are also discussed.
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5
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Robertson JM, Greene HW. Bright colour patterns as social signals in nocturnal frogs. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Davis LR, Klonoski K, Rutschow HL, Van Wijk KJ, Sun Q, Haribal MM, Saporito RA, Vega A, Rosenblum EB, Zamudio KR, Robertson JM. Host Defense Skin Peptides Vary with Color Pattern in the Highly Polymorphic Red-Eyed Treefrog. Front Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2016.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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7
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Zhou Y, Shaw C, Chen T. PH-sauvagine from the skin secretion of Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis: A novel CRF-like peptide with smooth muscle contraction activity. Toxicon 2015. [PMID: 26216532 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amphibian skin, and particularly that of south/Central American phyllomedusine frogs, is supposed to be "a huge factory and store house of a variety of active peptides". The 40 amino acid amphibian CRF-like peptide, sauvagine, is a prototype member of a unique family of these Phyllomedusa skin peptides. In this study, we describe for the first time the structure of a mature novel peptide from the skin secretion of the South American orange-legged leaf frog, Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis, which belongs to the amphibian CRF/sauvagine family. Partial amino acid sequence from the N-terminal was obtained by automated Edman degradation with the following structure: pGlu-GPPISIDLNMELLRNMIEI-. The biosynthetic precursor of this novel sauvagine peptide, consisted of 85 amino acid residues and was deduced from cDNA library constructed from the same skin secretion. Compared with the standard sauvagine from the frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagei, this novel peptide was found to exert similar contraction effects on isolated guinea-pig colon and rat urinary bladder smooth muscle preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- School of Biomedical Science and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Huaqiao University and Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Chris Shaw
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Tianbao Chen
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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8
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Xi X, Li B, Chen T, Kwok HF. A review on bradykinin-related peptides isolated from amphibian skin secretion. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:951-70. [PMID: 25793726 PMCID: PMC4379535 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7030951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin secretion has great potential for drug discovery and contributes hundreds of bioactive peptides including bradykinin-related peptides (BRPs). More than 50 BRPs have been reported in the last two decades arising from the skin secretion of amphibian species. They belong to the families Ascaphidae (1 species), Bombinatoridae (3 species), Hylidae (9 speices) and Ranidae (25 species). This paper presents the diversity of structural characteristics of BRPs with N-terminal, C-terminal extension and amino acid substitution. The further comparison of cDNA-encoded prepropeptides between the different species and families demonstrated that there are various forms of kininogen precursors to release BRPs and they constitute important evidence in amphibian evolution. The pharmacological activities of isolated BRPs exhibited unclear structure–function relationships, and therefore the scope for drug discovery and development is limited. However, their diversity shows new insights into biotechnological applications and, as a result, comprehensive and systematic studies of the physiological and pharmacological activities of BRPs from amphibian skin secretion are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Xi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Tianbao Chen
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
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9
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Xu X, Lai R. The chemistry and biological activities of peptides from amphibian skin secretions. Chem Rev 2015; 115:1760-846. [PMID: 25594509 DOI: 10.1021/cr4006704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology , Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
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Zhang H, Wei L, Zou C, Bai JJ, Song Y, Liu H. Purification and Characterization of a Tachykinin-Like Peptide from Skin Secretions of the Tree Frog,Theloderma kwangsiensis. Zoolog Sci 2013; 30:529-33. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Bai B, Wang H, Xue Y, Wu Y, Zhou M, Wei M, Chen T, Wang L, Shaw C. The structures of four bombesins and their cloned precursor-encoding cDNAs from acid-solvated skin secretion of the European yellow-bellied toad, Bombina variegata. Peptides 2012; 36:221-9. [PMID: 22687368 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Four different bombesins (bombesin, His(6)-bombesin, Phe(13)-bombesin and Asp(2)-, Phe(4)-SAP-bombesin) have been identified by a systematic sequencing study of peptides in reverse phase HPLC fractions of the skin secretion of the European yellow-bellied toad, Bombina variegata, that had been solvated in 0.1% (v/v) aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and stored frozen at -20°C for 12 years. By using a 3'- and 5'-RACE PCR strategy, the corresponding biosynthetic precursor-encoding cDNAs of all four peptides were cloned from a cDNA library made from the same long-term frozen, acid-solvated skin secretion sample following thawing and lyophilization. Canonical bombesin and His(6)-bombesin are classical bombesin sub-family members, whereas Phe(13)-bombesin and Asp(2)-, Phe(4)-SAP-bombesin, belong to the litorin/ranatensin sub-family of bombesin-like peptides (BLPs). Assignment of these peptides to respective sub-families, was based upon both their primary structural similarities and their comparative pharmacological activities. An interesting observation in this study, was that the nucleotide sequences of the open-reading frames of cloned cDNAs encoding bombesin and its His(6)-substituted analog, were identical except for a single base that was responsible for the change observed at the position 6 residue in the mature peptide from Asn to His. In contrast, the precursor cDNA nucleotide sequences encoding the Phe(13)-bombesins, exhibited 53 base differences. The pharmacological activities of synthetic replicates of each bombesin were compared using two different mammalian smooth muscle preparations and all four peptides were found to be active. However, there were significant differences in their relative potencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
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12
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Yan H, Wei L, He X, Liu H, Yang S, Lai R, Rao D. A novel myotropic peptide from the skin secretions of the tree frog, Polypedates pingbianensis. Biochimie 2012; 94:1718-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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A novel frog skin peptide containing function to induce muscle relaxation. Biochimie 2012; 94:2508-13. [PMID: 22771463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel bioactive peptide (polypedarelaxin 1) was identified from the skin secretions of the tree frog, Polypedates pingbianensis. Polypedarelaxin 1 is composed of 21 amino acid residues with a sequence of QGGLLGKVSNLANDALGILPI. Its primary structure was further confirmed by cDNA cloning and mass spectrometry analysis. Polypedarelaxin 1 was found to elicit concentration-dependent relaxation effects on isolated rat ileum. It has no antimicrobial and serine protease inhibitory activities. BLAST search revealed that polypedarelaxin 1 did not show similarity to known proteins or peptides. Especially, polypedarelaxin 1 do not contain conserved structural motifs of other amphibian myotropic peptides, such as bradykinins, bombesins, cholecystokinin (CCK), and tachykinins, indicating that polypedarelaxin 1 belongs to a novel family of amphibian myotropic peptide.
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14
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Wei L, Dong L, Zhao T, You D, Liu R, Liu H, Yang H, Lai R. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the amphibian neurotoxin, anntoxin. Biochimie 2011; 93:995-1000. [PMID: 21376777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anntoxin is the first gene-encoded neurotoxin identified from amphibians, which is a 60-residue neurotoxin peptide, acting as an inhibitor of tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC). Sodium channels have been considered as therapeutic targets for pain. Several animal models of persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain (tail-flick test, hot plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, formalin-induced paw licking, carrageenan-induced paw edema) were used to test analgesic functions of recombinant anntoxin (r-anntoxin). In all these animal models, r-anntoxin showed strong analgesic functions. R-anntoxin obviously inhibited secretions of both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Histopathological study indicated that r-anntoxin reduced the edematous epidermis induced by carrageenan. All these results indicate that r-anntoxin has strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Life Sciences College of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
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Rates B, Silva LP, Ireno IC, Leite FSF, Borges MH, Bloch C, De Lima ME, Pimenta AMC. Peptidomic dissection of the skin secretion of Phasmahyla jandaia (Bokermann and Sazima, 1978) (Anura, Hylidae, Phyllomedusinae). Toxicon 2010; 57:35-52. [PMID: 20932854 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The systematic investigation of the peptidic composition of the skin secretion of Phasmahyla jandaia, a phyllomedusine anuran endemic to the southern region of the Espinhaço range in Brazil, is herein reported. By means of de novo interpretation of tandem mass spectrometric data, Edman N-terminal sequencing and similarity searches, 57 peptides - including phylloseptins, dermaseptins stricto sensu, dermatoxins, hyposins, tryptophyllins, caerulein-related, bradykinin-related, bradykinin potentiating, tyrosine-rich, and opioid peptides - were sequenced. Moreover, five peptide families without significant similarity to other known molecules were verified. Differently from most Phyllomedusinae genera, the molecular diversity in the skin of representatives of Phasmahyla remained unprospected until now. Therefore, besides disclosing novel natural variants of number of bioactive peptides, the present study contributes to the understanding of the evolution of biochemical characters of the phyllomedusines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Rates
- Laboratório de Venenos e Toxinas Animais, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Faivovich J, Haddad CFB, Baêta D, Jungfer KH, Álvares GFR, Brandão RA, Sheil C, Barrientos LS, Barrio-Amorós CL, Cruz CAG, Wheeler WC. The phylogenetic relationships of the charismatic poster frogs, Phyllomedusinae (Anura, Hylidae). Cladistics 2009; 26:227-261. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00287.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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17
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Three-dimensional structure of Phyllomedusin, a NK1 receptor agonist bound to dodecylphosphocholine micelles. J Struct Biol 2009; 167:176-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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You D, Hong J, Rong M, Yu H, Liang S, Ma Y, Yang H, Wu J, Lin D, Lai R. The first gene-encoded amphibian neurotoxin. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:22079-22086. [PMID: 19535333 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.013276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many gene-encoded neurotoxins with various functions have been discovered in fish, reptiles, and mammals. A novel 60-residue neurotoxin peptide (anntoxin) that inhibited tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) was purified and characterized from the skin secretions of the tree frog Hyla annectans (Jerdon). This is the first gene-encoded neurotoxin found in amphibians. The IC50 of anntoxin for the TTX-S channel was about 3.4 microM. Anntoxin shares sequence homology with Kunitz-type toxins but contains only two of three highly conserved cysteine bridges, which are typically found in these small, basic neurotoxin modules, i.e. snake dendrotoxins. Anntoxin showed an inhibitory ability against trypsin with an inhibitory constant (Ki) of 0.025 microM. Anntoxin was distributed in skin, brain, stomach, and liver with a concentration of 25, 7, 3, and 2 microg/g wet tissue, respectively. H. annectans lives on trees or other plants for its entire life cycle, and its skin contains the largest amount of anntoxin, which possibly helps defend against various aggressors or predators. A low dose of anntoxin was found to induce lethal toxicity for several potential predators, including the insect, snake, bird, and mouse. The tissue distribution and functional properties of the current toxin may provide insights into the ecological adaptation of tree-living amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewen You
- Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100009, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100009, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203
| | - Mingqiang Rong
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081
| | - Haining Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, Hebei
| | - Songping Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081
| | - Yufang Ma
- Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100009, China
| | - Hailong Yang
- Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100009, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100009, China
| | - Donghai Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203
| | - Ren Lai
- Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan
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ROBERTSON JEANNEM, DURYEA MCATHERINE, ZAMUDIO KELLYR. Discordant patterns of evolutionary differentiation in two Neotropical treefrogs. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:1375-95. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Samgina TY, Artemenko KA, Gorshkov VA, Ogourtsov SV, Zubarev RA, Lebedev AT. De novo sequencing of peptides secreted by the skin glands of the Caucasian Green Frog Rana ridibunda. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:3517-3525. [PMID: 18855342 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Amphibian skin glands are known to secrete various types of bioactive peptides. The array of these peptides is specific for every frog species. The present research deals with the identification of peptides isolated from the skin secretion of the Marsh frog R. ridibunda inhabiting the Kolkhida Canyon of the Caucasian region. The research is based on comprehensive high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) analysis of intact and chemically modified peptides. In particular, an oxidation procedure was applied directly to the crude skin secretion to open S--S loops whereas N-terminal acetylation was additionally carried out for one individual peptide. Sequences were determined by manual interpretation of electron capture dissociation (ECD) and collisionally induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectra. A total of 29 peptides were identified in the skin secretion of the Caucasian Marsh frog. The peptide profile is represented with disulfide-containing peptides belonging to the brevinin, esculentin and ranatuerin families, neuropeptides of the bradykinin and bombesin families. Two identified peptides belonging to the ranatuerins are the first peptides of this family discovered in the skin secretions of European frogs. Ten of the identified peptides coincide with those reported earlier for the European Edible frog. Another ten are identical to those found in R. ridubunda from the Moscow region. This fact verifies the described method as being an efficient analytical tool to compare intra- and interspecific variabilities.
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Wang L, Zhou M, McClelland A, Reilly A, Chen T, Gagliardo R, Walker B, Shaw C. Novel dermaseptin, adenoregulin and caerin homologs from the Central American red-eyed leaf frog, Agalychnis callidryas, revealed by functional peptidomics of defensive skin secretion. Biochimie 2008; 90:1435-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2008.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Guzevatykh LS. Identification of functionally important dipeptide in sequences of atypical opioid peptides. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2008; 34:591-609. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162008050026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Liu X, You D, Chen L, Wang X, Zhang K, Lai R. A novel bradykinin-like peptide from skin secretions of the frog, Rana nigrovittata. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:626-30. [PMID: 17994619 DOI: 10.1002/psc.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A bradykinin-like peptide has been isolated from the skin secretions of the frog Rana nigrovittata. This peptide was named ranakinin-N. Its primary structure, RAEAVPPGFTPFR, was determined by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry. It is structurally related to bradykinin-like peptides identified from skin secretions of other amphibians. Ranakinin-N is composed of 13 amino acid residues and is related to the bradykinin identified from the skin secretions of Odorrana schmackeri, which is composed of 9 amino acid residues. Ranakinin-N was found to exert concentration-dependent contractile effects on isolated guinea pig ileum. cDNA sequence encoding the precursor of ranakinin-N was isolated from a skin cDNA library of R. nigrovittata. The amino acid sequences deduced from the cDNA sequences match well with the results from Edman degradation. Analysis of different amphibian bradykinin cDNA structures revealed that the deficiency of a 15-nucleotide fragment (agaatgatcagacgc in the cDNA encoding bradykinin from O. schmackeri) in the peptide-coding region resulted in the absence of a dibasic site for trypsin-like proteinases and an unusual -AEVA- insertion in the N-terminal part of ranakinin-N. The -AEAV- insertion resulted in neutral net charge at the N-terminus of ranakinin-N. Ranakinin-N is the first reported bradykinin-like peptide with a neutral net charge at the N-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Life Sciences College of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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McCrudden CM, Zhou M, Chen T, O'Rourke M, Walker B, Hirst D, Shaw C. The complex array of bradykinin-related peptides (BRPs) in the peptidome of pickerel frog (Rana palustris) skin secretion is the product of transcriptional economy. Peptides 2007; 28:1275-81. [PMID: 17459523 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous peptidomic analyses of the defensive skin secretion from the North American pickerel frog, Rana palustris, have established the presence of canonical bradykinin and multiple bradykinin-related peptides (BRPs). As a consequence of the multiplicity of peptides identified and their diverse primary structures, it was speculated that they must represent the products of expression of multiple genes. Here, we present unequivocal evidence that the majority of BRPs (11/13) identified in skin secretion by the peptidomic approach can be generated by differential site-specific protease cleavage from a single common precursor of 321 amino acid residues, named skin kininogen 1, whose primary structure was deduced from cloned skin secretion-derived cDNA. The organization of skin kininogen 1 consists of a hydrophobic signal peptide followed by eight non-identical domains each encoding a single copy of either canonical bradykinin or a BRP. Two additional splice variants, encoding precursors of 233 (skin kininogen 2) or 189 amino acid residues (skin kininogen 3), were also cloned and were found to lack BRP-encoding domains 5 and 6 or 4, 5 and 6, respectively. Thus, generation of peptidome diversity in amphibian defensive skin secretions can be achieved in part by differential protease cleavage of relatively large and multiple-encoding domain precursors reflecting a high degree of transcriptional economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian Michael McCrudden
- Molecular Therapeutics Research, School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Center, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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25
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Liang J, Han Y, Li J, Xu X, Rees HH, Lai R. A novel bradykinin-like peptide from skin secretions of rufous-spotted torrent frog, Amolops loloensis. Peptides 2006; 27:2683-7. [PMID: 16793174 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Revised: 05/10/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A bradykinin-like peptide has been isolated from skin secretions of rufous-spotted torrent frog, Amolops loloensis. This bradykinin-like peptide was named amolopkinin. Its primary structure, RAPVPPGFTPFR, was determined by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry. It is structurally related to bradykinin-like peptides identified from skin secretions of other amphibians. Amolopkinin is composed of 12 amino acid residues and is related to bradykinin composed of nine amino acid residues, identified from the skin secretions of Odorrana schmackeri. Amolopkinin was found to elicit concentration-dependent contractile effects on isolated guinea pig ileum. cDNA clones encoding the precursor of amolopkinin were isolated by screening a skin cDNA library of A. loloensis and then sequenced. The amino acid sequences deduced from the cDNA sequences match well with the results from Edman degradation. Analysis of different amphibian bradykinin cDNA structures revealed that a deficiency of an18-nucleotide fragment (TCAAGAATGATCAGACGC in the cDNA encoding bradykinin from O. schmackeri) in the peptide-coding region resulted in absence of a di-basic site for trypsin-like proteinases and an unusual - APV - insertion in the N-terminal part of amolopkinin. This is the first report of a bradykinin-like peptide comprised of bradykinin with an insertion in its N-terminal part. Our results demonstrate the hypervariability of amphibian bradykinin-like peptides, as well as the diversity of antimicrobial peptides in amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Life Sciences College of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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26
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Brand GD, Krause FC, Silva LP, Leite JRSA, Melo JAT, Prates MV, Pesquero JB, Santos EL, Nakaie CR, Costa-Neto CM, Bloch C. Bradykinin-related peptides from Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis. Peptides 2006; 27:2137-46. [PMID: 16797783 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2006] [Revised: 04/11/2006] [Accepted: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bradykinin related peptides (BRPs) present in the water-soluble secretion and freshly dissected skin fragments of Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis were investigated by mass spectrometry techniques. Eighteen BRPs, along with their post-translational modifications, were characterized in the secretion by de novo MS/MS sequencing and direct MALDI imaging experiments of the frog skin. These molecules revealed strong sequence similarities to the main plasma kinin of some mammals and reptiles. Such a diversity of molecules, within the same peptide family, belonging to a single amphibian species may be related to functional specializations of these peptides and a variety of corresponding receptors that might be present in a number of different predators. Also, a novel analog, [Val]1,[Thr]6-bradykinyl-Gln,Ser had its biological activity positively detected in cell culture expressing the human bradykinin B2 receptor and in guinea pig ileum preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Brand
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, EMBRAPA, Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF 70770-900, Brazil
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27
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Pukala TL, Bowie JH, Maselli VM, Musgrave IF, Tyler MJ. Host-defence peptides from the glandular secretions of amphibians: structure and activity. Nat Prod Rep 2006; 23:368-93. [PMID: 16741585 DOI: 10.1039/b512118n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Pukala
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia
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28
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Thompson AH, Bjourson AJ, Shaw C, McClean S. Bradykinin-related peptides from Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis azurea: Mass spectrometric structural characterisation and cloning of precursor cDNAs. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2006; 20:3780-8. [PMID: 17120273 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Amphibian skin secretions contain a plethora of bioactive compounds, many of which are understood to act to deter ingestion by predators. Bradykinins in particular are constitutively expressed in many amphibian skin secretions, mediating a variety of effects including hyperalgesia and contraction of gastric smooth muscle. Using a variety of proteomic techniques (high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), and quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS/MS)) the current study identified 13 bradykinin-like peptides in the skin secretions of Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis azurea, including several new C-terminally extended isoforms (VPPGFTPFRLT, VHypPGFTPFRQT) and a novel phyllokinin-like peptide (RPPGFTPFRVY). Identification of the cDNA sequences encoding these peptides led to the deduction that the peptides were derived from differential post-translational processing and modification of five different precursors. Such an event emphasises the metabolic efficiency of peptide production in amphibian venom, with multiple products perhaps selective to different receptors in a variety of predators generated from a single precursor. An unusual modification was also recognised in the present study, with several bradykinin-like peptides featuring hydroxyprolination of the first proline residue rather than the commonly targeted second. This alteration may be mediated by the structural organisation of N-terminal amino acids prior to precursor processing.
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Lee WH, Liu SB, Shen JH, Jin Y, Zhang Y. Cloning of bradykinin precursor cDNAs from skin of Bombina maxima reveals novel bombinakinin M antagonists and a bradykinin potential peptide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 127:207-15. [PMID: 15680489 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2004] [Accepted: 12/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bombinakinin M (DLPKINRKGP-bradykinin) is a bradykinin-related peptide purified from skin secretions of the frog Bombina maxima. As previously reported, its biosynthesis is characterized by a tandem repeats with various copy numbers of the peptide and sometimes co-expressed with other structure-function distinguishable peptides. At present study, two novel cDNAs encoding bombinakinin M and its variants were cloned from a cDNA library from the skin of the frog. The encoded two precursor proteins are common in that each contains three repeats of a novel 16-amino acid peptide unit and one copy of kinestatin at their N- and C-terminal parts, respectively. They differ in that the first precursor contains two copies of bombinakinin M and the second one contains one copy of a novel bombinakinin M variant. Bombinakinin M was found to elicit concentration-dependent contractile effects on guinea pig ileum, with an EC50 value of 4 nM that is four times higher than that of bradykinin (1 nM). Interestingly, the synthetic peptide (DYTIRTRLH-amide), as deduced from the 16-amino acid peptide repeats in the newly cloned cDNAs, possessed weak inhibitory activity on the contractile effects of bombinakinin M, but not on that of bradykinin. Furthermore, the newly identified bombinakinin M variant (DLSKMSFLHG-Ile1-bradykinin), did not show contractile activity on guinea pig ileum, but showed potentiation effect on the myotropic activity of bradykinin. In a molar ratio of 1:58, it augmented the activity of bradykinin up to two-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Lee
- Department of Animal Toxinology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 East Jiao Chang Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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30
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Chen T, Orr DF, O'Rourke M, McLynn C, Bjourson AJ, McClean S, Hirst D, Rao P, Shaw C. Pachymedusa dacnicolor tryptophyllin-1: structural characterization, pharmacological activity and cloning of precursor cDNA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 117:25-32. [PMID: 14687697 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2003.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophyllins are a heterogenous group of amphibian skin peptides originally identified in skin extracts of Neotropical leaf frogs, Phyllomedusa sp., by chemical means. Until now, biosynthetic precursor structure and biological activity remain unreported. Here we describe the isolation of a novel, post-translationally modified tryptophyllin, Lys-Pro-Hyp-Ala-Trp-Val-Pro.amide (PdT-1), from the skin secretion of the Mexican leaf frog, Pachymedusa dacnicolor. Using a 3'- and 5'-RACE strategy and an in vitro skin cDNA library, the PdT-1-encoding precursor was cloned and found to consist of an open-reading frame of 62 amino acids with a single copy of PdT-1 located towards the C-terminus. A synthetic replicate of PdT-1 was found to be a potent myoactive agent, relaxing mammalian arterial smooth muscle and contracting small intestinal smooth muscle at nanomolar concentrations. PdT-1 is thus the first amphibian skin tryptophyllin to be pharmacologically characterized and the first whose precursor cDNA has been cloned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
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Marenah L, Shaw C, Orr DF, McClean S, Flatt PR, Abdel-Wahab YHA. Isolation and characterisation of an unexpected class of insulinotropic peptides in the skin of the frog Agalychnis litodryas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 120:33-8. [PMID: 15177918 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2003] [Revised: 02/03/2004] [Accepted: 02/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Skin secretions of the frog Agalychnis litodryas were evaluated for the isolation and characterisation of novel insulinotropic peptides. Crude secretions obtained from young adult frogs by mild electrical stimulation of the dorsal skin surface were purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) yielding 70 fractions. In acute 20-min incubations with glucose responsive BRIN-BD11 cells, fractions 39-42 (band 1) and fractions 44-46 (band 2) significantly stimulated insulin release by 2-3.5-fold compared with 5.6 mM glucose alone. Pooled fractions in band 1 and band 2 were rechromatographed to reveal 20 homogenous peptide peaks, which elicited significant 1.5-4-fold increases in insulin release. Mass spectrometry analyses indicated molecular masses of between 1649.2 and 4988.9 Da. The two peptides with the greatest insulin-releasing activity were directly subjected to N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. The sequence of the 3020 Da peptide, called frog skin insulinotropic peptide or FSIP, was determined as AVWKDFLKNIGKAAGKAVLNSVTDMVNE, which has 79% homology with the C-terminal of the 75 amino acid dermaseptin BIV precursor. A partial N-terminal sequence was determined for the 2546.2 Da peptide as MLADVFEKIMGD... These data indicate that the skin secretions of A. litodryas frogs contain biologically active peptides which merit further evaluation as a new class of insulin secretagogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marenah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, North Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.
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Marenah L, McClean S, Flatt PR, Orr DF, Shaw C, Abdel-Wahab YHA. Novel insulin-releasing peptides in the skin of Phyllomedusa trinitatis frog include 28 amino acid peptide from dermaseptin BIV precursor. Pancreas 2004; 29:110-5. [PMID: 15257102 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-200408000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The granular glands of amphibians have long been known to produce many biologically active compounds. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize insulinotropic peptides from the skin of Phyllomedusa trinitatis frog. METHODS AND RESULTS Crude secretions obtained by mild electrical stimulation of the dorsal skin surface were purified by reverse phase HPLC yielding 80 fractions. In acute incubations with glucose-responsive BRIN-BD11 cells, fractions 39-40 (band 1) and fractions 43-46 (band 2) significantly stimulated insulin release by 1.5 to 2.5-fold. Pooled fractions in bands 1 and 2 were rechromatographed to 4 homogeneous peaks, each with insulin-releasing activity. Mass spectrometry analysis was successfully completed for 3 peptides, indicating 2996.4, 3379.9, and 8326.4 Da. The sequence of the 2996.4 Da peptide was determined as ALWKDILKNVGKAAGKAVLNTVTDMVNQ. This 28-amino-acid peptide has 100% homology with the C-terminal of the 75-amino-acid dermaseptin BIV precursor of a family of structurally related antimicrobial peptides in the skin of the Phyllomedusinae subfamily. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that the defensive skin secretions of P. trinitatis contain biologically active peptides, which may have mammalian counterparts and merit further investigation as insulin secretagogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marenah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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Lai R, Liu H, Hui Lee W, Zhang Y. A novel bradykinin-related peptide from skin secretions of toad Bombina maxima and its precursor containing six identical copies of the final product. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 286:259-63. [PMID: 11500030 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Amphibian skin contains rich bradykinin-related peptides, but the mode of biosynthesis of these peptides is unknown. In the present study, a novel bradykinin-related peptide, termed bombinakinin M, was purified from skin secretions of the Chinese red belly toad Bombina maxima. Its primary sequence was established as DLPKINRKGPRPPGFSPFR that comprises bradykinin extended from its N-terminus by a 10-residue segment DLPKINRKGP. The cDNA structure of bombinakinin M was found to contain a coding region of 624 nucleotides. The encoded precursor of bombinakinin M is composed of a signal peptide, an acidic peptide, six 100% identical copies of a 28-amino-acid peptide unit including bombinakinin M plus a spacer peptide. The sequence of bombinakinin M is preceded by a single basic residue (arginine), which represents the site of cleavage for releasing of mature bombinakinin M. This is the first cDNA cloning of bradykinin-related peptides from amphibian skin. The unique cDNA structure encoding bombinakinin M suggests that the generation modes of bradykinin-related peptides in amphibian skin and in mammalian blood system are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lai
- Department of Animal Toxinology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, People's Republic of China
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Severini C, Salvadori S, Guerrini R, Falconieri-Erspamer G, Mignogna G, Erspamer V. Parallel bioassay of 39 tachykinins on 11 smooth muscle preparations. Structure and receptor selectivity/affinity relationship. Peptides 2000; 21:1587-95. [PMID: 11090912 DOI: 10.1016/s0196-9781(00)00290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Parallel bioassay on smooth muscle preparations demonstrated that: all TKs having a neutral or basic residue at position 7 from the C-terminus show a clear-cut preference for the NK1 TK receptor, reinforced by the presence of the aromatic doublet Phe-Phe or Phe-Tyr (aromatic TKs); all aliphatic TKs (Phe-Ile/Val) having an acidic residue at position 7 show a clear-cut preference for NK2/NK3 receptors, generally without selectivity for a single receptor. However, in aromatic TKs having the same acidic residue, the preference for NK2/NK3 receptors is weakened, with a more or less pronounced co-preference for the NK1 receptor. Amino acid substitutions in the C-terminal tripeptide may influence receptor affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Severini
- CNR - Institute of Neurobiology, Viale C. Marx 15, I-00137, Rome, Italy.
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Craig AG, Bandyopadhyay P, Olivera BM. Post-translationally modified neuropeptides from Conus venoms. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1999; 264:271-5. [PMID: 10491070 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Predatory cone snails (genus Conus) comprise what is arguably the largest living genus of marine animals (500 species). All Conus use complex venoms to capture prey and for other biological purposes. Most biologically active components of these venoms are small disulfide-rich peptides, generally 7-35 amino acids in length. There are probably of the order of 100 different peptides expressed in the venom of each of the 500 Conus species [1,2]. Peptide sequences diverge rapidly between Conus species, resulting in a distinct peptide complement for each species. Thus, the genus as a whole has probably generated approximately 50 000 different peptides, which can be organized into families and superfamilies with shared sequence elements [3]. In this minireview, we provide a brief overview of the neuropharmacological, molecular and cell-biological aspects of the Conus peptides. However, the major focus of the review will be the remarkable array of post-translational modifications found in these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Craig
- The Clayton Foundation Laboratory for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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37
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Lovejoy DA, Balment RJ. Evolution and physiology of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of neuropeptides in vertebrates. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1999; 115:1-22. [PMID: 10375459 DOI: 10.1006/gcen.1999.7298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), urotensin-I, urocortin and sauvagine belong to a family of related neuropeptides found throughout chordate taxa and likely stem from an ancestral peptide precursor early in metazoan ancestry. In vertebrates, current evidence suggests that CRF on one hand, and urotensin-I, urocortin and sauvagine, on the other, form paralogous lineages. Urocortin and sauvagine appear to represent tetrapod orthologues of fish urotensin-I. Sauvagine's unique structure may reflect the distinctly derived evolutionary history of the anura and the amphibia in general. The physiological actions of these peptides are mediated by at least two receptor subtypes and a soluble binding protein. Although the earliest functions of these peptides may have been associated with osmoregulation and diuresis, a constellation of physiological effects associated with stress and anxiety, vasoregulation, thermoregulation, growth and metabolism, metamorphosis and reproduction have been identified in various vertebrate species. The elaboration of neural circuitry for each of the two paralogous neuropeptide systems appears to have followed distinct pathways in the actinopterygian and sarcopterygian lineages of vertebrates. A comparision of the functional differences between these two lineages predicts additional functions of these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Lovejoy
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Peptides with sequence similarities to members of the tachykinin family have been identified in a number of invertebrates belonging to the mollusca, echiuridea, insecta and crustacea. These peptides have been designated tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) and are characterized by the preserved C-terminal pentapeptide FX1GX2Ramide (X1 and X2 are variable residues). All invertebrate TRPs are myostimulatory on insect hindgut muscle, but also have a variety of additional actions: they can induce contractions in cockroach foregut and oviduct and in moth heart muscle, trigger a motor rhythm in the crab stomatogastric ganglion, depolarize or hyperpolarize identified interneurons of locust and the snail Helix and induce release of adipokinetic hormone from the locust corpora cardiaca. Two putative TRP receptors have been cloned from Drosophila; both are G-protein coupled and expressed in the nervous system. The invertebrate TRPs are distributed in interneurons of the CNS of Limulus, crustaceans and insects. In the latter two groups TRPs are also present in the stomatogastric nervous system and in insects endocrine cells of the midgut display TRP-immunoreactivity. In arthropods the distribution of TRPs in neuronal processes of the brain displays similar patterns. Also in coelenterates, flatworms and molluscs TRPs have been demonstrated in neurons. The activity of different TRPs has been explored in several assays and it appears that an amidated C-terminal hexapeptide (or longer) is required for bioactivity. In many invertebrate assays the first generation substance P antagonist spantide I is a potent antagonist of invertebrate TRPs and substance P. Locustatachykinins stimulate adenylate cyclase in locust interneurons and glandular cells of the corpora cardiaca, but in other tissues the putative second messenger systems have not yet been identified. The heterologously expressed Drosophila TRP receptors coupled to the phospholipase C pathway and could induce elevations of inositol triphosphate. The structures, distributions and actions of TRPs in various invertebrates are compared and it is concluded that the TRPs are multifunctional peptides with targets both in the central and peripheral nervous system and other tissues, similar to vertebrate tachykinins. Invertebrate TRPs may also be involved in developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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39
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Wechselberger C, Severini C, Kreil G, Negri L. A new opioid peptide predicted from cloned cDNAs from skin of Pachymedusa dacnicolor and Agalychnis annae. FEBS Lett 1998; 429:41-3. [PMID: 9657380 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated a cDNA encoding a precursor of dermorphin from the skin of Pachymedusa dacnicolor. Besides four copies of this opioid peptide, the deduced sequence also contains the genetic information for a novel peptide Tyr-Ile-Phe-His-Leu-Met-Asp-NH2. This differs from Met-deltorphin by the presence of Ile at position 2. In a related precursor from the skin of Agalychnis annae, the sequence of this peptide is in the 3'-untranslated region of the cloned cDNA. From earlier results we predict that in skin peptides the second residue is D-allo-Ile. We have synthesized this and related peptides with different D-amino acids, and determined their delta agonist activity. The peptide with D-nor-Leu binds with high affinity to delta receptors, while that with D-allo-Ile is about 100 times less active.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wechselberger
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Salzburg
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