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Stampanoni Bassi M, Nuzzo T, Gilio L, Miroballo M, Casamassa A, Buttari F, Bellantonio P, Fantozzi R, Galifi G, Furlan R, Finardi A, De Rosa A, Di Maio A, Errico F, Centonze D, Usiello A. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of L-glutamate signal central inflammatory neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. J Neurochem 2021; 159:857-866. [PMID: 34547109 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Excessive extracellular concentrations of L-glutamate (L-Glu) can be neurotoxic and contribute to neurodegenerative processes in multiple sclerosis (MS). The association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) L-Glu levels, clinical features, and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with MS remains unclear. In 179 MS patients (relapsing remitting, RR, N = 157; secondary progressive/primary progressive, SP/PP, N = 22), CSF levels of L-Glu at diagnosis were determined and compared with those obtained in a group of 40 patients with non-inflammatory/non-degenerative disorders. Disability at the time of diagnosis, and after 1 year follow-up, was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). CSF concentrations of lactate and of a large set of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules were explored. CSF levels of L-Glu were slightly reduced in MS patients compared to controls. In RR-MS patients, L-Glu levels correlated with EDSS after 1 year follow-up. Moreover, in MS patients, significant correlations were found between L-Glu and both CSF levels of lactate and the inflammatory molecules interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-1 receptor antagonist. Altered expression of L-Glu is associated with disability progression, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These findings identify CSF L-Glu as a candidate neurochemical marker of inflammatory neurodegeneration in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tommaso Nuzzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Luana Gilio
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Mattia Miroballo
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | | | | | | | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna De Rosa
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Maio
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Errico
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
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Bonomo R, Cavaletti G, Skene DJ. Metabolomics markers in Neurology: current knowledge and future perspectives for therapeutic targeting. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:725-738. [PMID: 32538242 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1782746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolomics is an emerging approach providing new insights into the metabolic changes and underlying mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. AREAS COVERED Here, the authors present an overview of the current knowledge of metabolic profiling (metabolomics) to provide critical insight on the role of biochemical markers and metabolic alterations in neurological diseases. EXPERT OPINION Elucidation of characteristic metabolic alterations in neurological disorders is crucial for a better understanding of their pathogenesis, and for identifying potential biomarkers and drug targets. Nevertheless, discrepancies in diagnostic criteria, sample handling protocols, and analytical methods still affect the generalizability of current study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bonomo
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca , Monza, Italy.,Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford, UK
| | - Guido Cavaletti
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca , Monza, Italy
| | - Debra J Skene
- Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford, UK
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Lee G, Hasan M, Kwon OS, Jung BH. Identification of Altered Metabolic Pathways during Disease Progression in EAE Mice via Metabolomics and Lipidomics. Neuroscience 2019; 416:74-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bystrická Z, Laubertová L, Ďurfinová M, Paduchová Z. Methionine metabolism and multiple sclerosis. Biomarkers 2017; 22:747-754. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2017.1334153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Bystrická
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Laubertová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Ďurfinová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Paduchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Deáková Z, Ďuračková Z, Armstrong DW, Lehotay J. Two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography for determination of homocysteine, methionine and cysteine enantiomers in human serum. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1408:118-24. [PMID: 26169904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A two-dimensional HPLC system with electrochemical detection was used for determination of homocysteine, methionine and cysteine enantiomers in biological samples. The amino acid separations were not possible only by using a chiral column. The compounds were separated from each other on an achiral column (Purospher RP-18 endcapped 250-4mm, 5μm) and their enantiomers were separated on Chirobiotic TAG (250-4.6mm, 5μm) column in an on-line system. The mobile phase composition and a choice of electrode potentials for detection were investigated. The l-enantiomers always eluted before the d-enantiomers. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of human serum of healthy volunteers and patients with multiple sclerosis. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were defined as the concentration that produced a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3 and 10. The method LOD values were found to be between 0.05 and 0.50μgmL(-1). The range of LOQ values were between 0.17 and 1.67μgmL(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Deáková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Jozef Lehotay
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Mangalam A, Poisson L, Nemutlu E, Datta I, Denic A, Dzeja P, Rodriguez M, Rattan R, Giri S. Profile of Circulatory Metabolites in a Relapsing-remitting Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis using Global Metabolomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 4. [PMID: 24273690 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. Although, MS is well characterized in terms of the role played by immune cells, cytokines and CNS pathology, nothing is known about the metabolic alterations that occur during the disease process in circulation. Recently, metabolic aberrations have been defined in various disease processes either as contributing to the disease, as potential biomarkers, or as therapeutic targets. Thus in an attempt to define the metabolic alterations that may be associated with MS disease progression, we profiled the plasma metabolites at the chronic phase of disease utilizing relapsing remitting-experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (RR-EAE) model in SJL mice. At the chronic phase of the disease (day 45), untargeted global metabolomic profiling of plasma collected from EAE diseased SJL and healthy mice was performed, using a combination of high-throughput liquid-and-gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. A total of 282 metabolites were identified, with significant changes observed in 44 metabolites (32 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated), that mapped to lipid, amino acid, nucleotide and xenobiotic metabolism and distinguished EAE from healthy group (p<0.05, false discovery rate (FDR)<0.23). Mapping the differential metabolite signature to their respective biochemical pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) database, we found six major pathways that were significantly altered (containing concerted alterations) or impacted (containing alteration in key junctions). These included bile acid biosynthesis, taurine metabolism, tryptophan and histidine metabolism, linoleic acid and D-arginine metabolism pathways. Overall, this study identified a 44 metabolite signature drawn from various metabolic pathways which correlated well with severity of the EAE disease, suggesting that these metabolic changes could be exploited as (1) biomarkers for EAE/MS progression and (2) to design new treatment paradigms where metabolic interventions could be combined with present and experimental therapeutics to achieve better treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ak Mangalam
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA ; Department ofNeurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Gonzalo H, Brieva L, Tatzber F, Jové M, Cacabelos D, Cassanyé A, Lanau-Angulo L, Boada J, Serrano JCE, González C, Hernández L, Peralta S, Pamplona R, Portero-Otin M. Lipidome analysis in multiple sclerosis reveals protein lipoxidative damage as a potential pathogenic mechanism. J Neurochem 2012; 123:622-34. [PMID: 22924648 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07934.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomic and lipidomic analyses have been used for the profiling of neurodegenerative processes, both in targeted and untargeted approaches. In this work we have applied these techniques to the study of CSF samples of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (n = 9), compared with samples of non-MS individuals (n = 9) using mass-spectrometry. We have used western-blot and analyzed cell culture to confirm pathogenic pathways suggested by mass-spectrometric measurements. The results of the untargeted approach of metabolomics and lipidomics suggest the existence of several metabolites and lipids discriminating both populations. Applying targeted lipidomic analyses focused to a pathogenic pathway in MS, oxidative stress, reveal that the lipid peroxidation marker 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α is increased in CSF from MS patients. Furthermore, as lipid peroxidation exerts its pathogenical effects through protein modification, we studied the incidence of protein lipoxidation, revealing specific increases in carboxymethylated, neuroketal and malondialdehyde-mediated protein modifications in proteins of CSF from MS patients, despite the absence of their precursors glyoxal and methylglyoxal. Finally, we report that the level of neuroketal-modified proteins correlated with a hitherto unknown increased amount of autoantibodies against lipid peroxidation-modified proteins in CSF, without compensation by signaling induced by lipid peroxidation via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). The results, despite the limitation of being obtained in a small population, strongly suggest that autoimmunity against in situ produced epitopes derived from lipid peroxidation can be a relevant pathogenic factor in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Gonzalo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, PCiTAL-Universitat de Lleida-IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
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Zinellu A, Sotgia S, Pisanu E, Scanu B, Sanna M, Usai MF, Chessa R, Deiana L, Carru C. Quantification of neurotransmitter amino acids by capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence detection in biological fluids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:1973-8. [PMID: 20803002 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of neurotransmitter amino acids (NAAs) in the functioning of the nervous system has been the focus of increasingly intense research over the past several years. Among the various amino acids that have important roles as neurotransmitters, there are alanine (Ala), glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), serine (Ser), taurine (Tau) and glycine (Gly). NAAs are present in plasma, cells and--at trace levels--in all biological fluids, but complex components in biological matrices make it difficult to determine them in biological samples. We describe a new capillary electrophoresis (CE) method with laser-induced fluorescence detection by which analytes are resolved in less than 12 minutes in a 18 mmol/L phosphate run buffer at pH 11.6. The use of elevated temperatures during sample derivatization leads to a drastic reduction in the reaction time, down to 20 min, compared to the 6-14 h usually described for reactions between FITC and amino acids at room temperature. In order to demonstrate its wide range of applications, the method was applied to the analysis of NAA in human plasma and in other sample types, such as red blood cells, urine, cultured cells, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva and vitreous humor, thus avoiding the typical limitations of other methods, which are normally suitable for use with only one or two matrix types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Excellence for Biotechnology Development and Biodiversity Research, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Kay GW, Verbeek MM, Furlong JM, Willemsen MAAP, Palmer DN. Neuropeptide changes and neuroactive amino acids in CSF from humans and sheep with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs, Batten disease). Neurochem Int 2009; 55:783-8. [PMID: 19664668 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Anomalies in neuropeptides and neuroactive amino acids have been postulated to play a role in neurodegeneration in a variety of diseases including the inherited neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs, Batten disease). These are often indicated by concentration changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Here we compare CSF neuropeptide concentrations in patients with the classical juvenile CLN3 form of NCL and the classical late infantile CLN2 form with neuropeptide and neuroactive amino acid concentrations in CSF from sheep with the late infantile variant CLN6 form. A marked disease related increase in CSF concentrations of neuron specific enolase and tau protein was noted in the juvenile CLN3 patients but this was not observed in an advanced CLN2 patient nor CLN6 affected sheep. No changes were noted in S-100b, GFAP or MBP in patients or of S-100b, GFAP or IGF-1 in affected sheep. There were no disease related changes in CSF concentrations of the neuroactive amino acids, aspartate, glutamate, serine, glutamine, glycine, taurine and GABA in these sheep. The changes observed in the CLN3 patients may be progressive markers of neurodegeneration, or of underlying metabolic changes perhaps associated with CLN3 specific changes in neuroactive amino acids, as have been postulated. The lack of changes in the CLN2 and CLN6 subjects indicate that these changes are not shared by the CLN2 or CLN6 forms and changes in CSF concentrations of these compounds are unreliable as biomarkers of neurodegeneration in the NCLs in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham W Kay
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
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Sethuraman R, Lee TL, Chui JW, Tachibana S. Changes in amino acids and nitric oxide concentration in cerebrospinal fluid during labor pain. Neurochem Res 2006; 31:1127-33. [PMID: 16941231 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzes the relationship between amino acids and pain perception during active labor. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the excitatory amino acids (EAAs)-glutamate, aspartate and their amide forms, inhibitory amino acids (IAAs)-glycine, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and taurine and nitric oxide (NO) related compounds-arginine and citrulline (by-product of NO synthesis) were compared between pregnant women at term pregnancy with labor pain (n = 38) and without labor pain (Caesarian section; n = 30). The levels of aspartate, glycine, GABA and citrulline were significantly higher; whilst taurine was significantly lower in the labor pain group. These findings suggest that aspartate and NO are associated with labor pain. An inhibitory role for the IAA taurine and a pronociceptive role for glycine in labor pain are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Sethuraman
- Department of Anaesthesia, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
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