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Garaiova I, Paduchová Z, Nagyová Z, Wang D, Michael DR, Plummer SF, Marchesi JR, Ďuračková Z, Muchová J. Probiotics with vitamin C for the prevention of upper respiratory tract symptoms in children aged 3-10 years: randomised controlled trial. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:431-440. [PMID: 34511049 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In a double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study, healthy school children aged 3-10 years received a probiotic based supplement daily for 6 months to assess the impact on the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms. The intervention comprised Lab4 probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus CUL21 and CUL60, Bifidobacterium bifidum CUL20 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CUL34) at 12.5 billion cfu/day plus 50 mg vitamin C or a matching placebo. 171 children were included in the analysis (85 in placebo and 86 in active group). Incidence of coughing was 16% (P=0.0300) significantly lower in the children receiving the active intervention compared to the placebo. No significant differences in the incidence rate of other URTI symptoms were observed. There was significantly lower risk of experiencing five different URTI related symptoms in one day favouring the active group (Risk ratio: 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.12, 0.81, P=0.0163). Absenteeism from school and the use of antibiotics was also significantly reduced for those in the active group (-16%, P=0.0060 and -27%, P=0.0203, respectively). Our findings indicate that six months daily supplementation with the Lab4 probiotic and vitamin C combination reduces the incidence of coughing, absenteeism and antibiotic usage in 3 to 10 year old children.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Garaiova
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Paduchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Z Nagyová
- JuvenaliaA Paediatric Centre, Veľkoblahovská 44/A, 929 01 Dunajská Streda, Slovakia
| | - D Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United Kingdom
| | - D R Michael
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom
| | - S F Plummer
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom
| | - J R Marchesi
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom.,Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - J Muchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Trebatická J, Hradečná Z, Surovcová A, Katrenčíková B, Gushina I, Waczulíková I, Sušienková K, Garaiova I, Šuba J, Ďuračková Z. Omega-3 fatty-acids modulate symptoms of depressive disorder, serum levels of omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6/omega-3 ratio in children. A randomized, double-blind and controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2020; 287:112911. [PMID: 32179212 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids (FA) are a promising adjuvant therapy for depressive disorder (DD) in adults. The objective of this single-centre, randomized, double-blind and controlled study was to compare the efficacy of an omega-3 FA fish oil emulsion with a control oil emulsion alongside the standard treatment for depression in children and adolescents suffering from DD or mixed anxiety depressive disorder (MADD) and to analyse serum fatty acid levels and omega-6/omega-3 FA ratio before and after the intervention. 60 children were randomised 1:1 to the intervention (Om3) or active comparator (Om6) groups. Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) ratings were performed at the baseline, every 2 weeks for a 12-week intervention period. Significant reductions in CDI scores were observed after 6 and 12 weeks of intervention in the Om3 group and in the DD subgroup compared to the Om6 and MADD subgroup. Ratio of omega-6/omega-3 decreased in Om3 but not in Om6 from 24.2/1 to 7.6/1 after 6 weeks, EPA, omega-6/omega-3 ratio, but not DHA, correlated with severity symptoms at the baseline. An omega-3 fatty acid rich fish oil emulsion may be an effective adjuvant supplement during the treatment of depressive disorders in children. Trial registration: ISRCTN 81655012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Trebatická
- Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine and The National Institute of Children's Diseases, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Limbová 1, Bratislava 833 40, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Hradečná
- Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine and The National Institute of Children's Diseases, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Limbová 1, Bratislava 833 40, Slovakia
| | - Anna Surovcová
- Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine and The National Institute of Children's Diseases, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Limbová 1, Bratislava 833 40, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Katrenčíková
- Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Sasinkova 2, Bratislava 813 72, Slovakia
| | - Irina Gushina
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - Iveta Waczulíková
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Mlynská dolina F1, Bratislava 842 48, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Sušienková
- Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Sasinkova 4, Bratislava 813 72, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Garaiova
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd., Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, Aberavon SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ján Šuba
- Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine and The National Institute of Children's Diseases, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Limbová 1, Bratislava 833 40, Slovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Sasinkova 2, Bratislava 813 72, Slovakia
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Ferianec V, Fülöp M, Ježovičová M, Radošinská J, Husseinová M, Feriancová M, Radošinská D, Barančík M, Muchová J, Hȍgger P, Ďuračková Z. The Oak-wood Extract Robuvit ® Improves Recovery and Oxidative Stress after Hysterectomy: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040913. [PMID: 32230721 PMCID: PMC7230691 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hysterectomy has a variety of medical indications and improves pre-operative symptoms but might compromise the quality of life during recovery due to symptoms such as fatigue, headache, nausea, depression, or pain. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a standardized extract from French oak wood (Quercus robur) containing at least 40% polyphenols of the ellagitannins class, Robuvit®, on convalescence and oxidative stress of women after hysterectomy. Recovery status was monitored with the SF-36 questionnaire. The supplementation with Robuvit® (300 mg/day) during 4 weeks significantly improved general and mental health, while under placebo some items significantly deteriorated. Oxidative stress and enhancement of MMP–9 activity was significantly reduced by Robuvit® versus placebo. After 8 weeks of intervention, the patients’ condition improved independently of the intervention. Our results suggest that the use of Robuvit® as a natural supplement relieves post-operative symptoms of patients after hysterectomy and reduces oxidative stress. The study was registered with ID ISRCTN 11457040 (13/09/2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Ferianec
- Department of II. Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 82606 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Matej Fülöp
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Miriam Ježovičová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Jana Radošinská
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.R.); (M.H.)
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Marta Husseinová
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.R.); (M.H.)
| | - Michaela Feriancová
- Department of II. Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 82606 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Dominika Radošinská
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Miroslav Barančík
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Jana Muchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Petra Hȍgger
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.J.); (J.M.)
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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Volpp L, Ferianec V, Ježovičová M, Ďuračková Z, Scherf-Clavel O, Högger P. Constituents and Metabolites of a French Oak Wood Extract (Robuvit ®) in Serum and Blood Cell Samples of Women Undergoing Hysterectomy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:74. [PMID: 32174825 PMCID: PMC7054277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagitannins are signature constituents of oak wood and their consumption has been associated with various health benefits. In vivo, they undergo metabolic degradation including gut microbial metabolism yielding urolithins. Only limited data is available about compounds being present in blood after intake of an extract from French oak wood, Robuvit®. In the course of a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical investigation, 66 patients undergoing hysterectomy received placebo or 300 mg Robuvit® per day before and over 8 weeks after surgery. Serum and blood cell samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The number of urolithin producers and the urolithin levels increased after intake of Robuvit®. In serum samples, the median concentration of urolithin A was 14.0 ng/ml [interquartile range (IQR) 57.4] after 8 weeks. Urolithin B was determined at 22.3 ng/ml (IQR 12.6), urolithin C at 2.66 ng/ml (IQR 2.08). In blood cells, lower concentrations and only urolithins A and B were detected. A statistically significant association of lower post-surgical pain scores with metabotype A was detected (p < 0.05). To conclude, supplementation with French oak wood extract raised urolithin generation in patients and suggested health advantages for urolithin-producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Volpp
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vladimír Ferianec
- 2nd Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Ježovičová
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Oliver Scherf-Clavel
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Högger
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Trebatický B, Žitňanová I, Dvořáková M, Országhová Z, Paduchová Z, Ďuračková Z, Breza J, Muchová J. Role of oxidative stress, adiponectin and endoglin in the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction in diabetic and non-diabetic men. Physiol Res 2019; 68:623-631. [PMID: 31177798 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) and diabetes mellitus (DM) share common pathophysiological risk factors including endothelial dysfunction which together with hyperglycemia contribute to the increased oxidative/glycooxidative stress. A reduced NO concentration is insufficient for relaxation processes in the penis. Chronic inflammation and endoglin are involved in the regulation of endothelial function. Adiponectin from the adipose tissue has anti-inflammatory effects. Our study aimed to investigate the relation between erectile function in patients with and without DM and the oxidative stress, hormone adiponectin, and endothelial dysfunction marker endoglin. Men (n=32) with ED evaluated by the International Index of Erectile function (IIEF-5) questionnaire (17 without DM (NDM); 15 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM)) and 31 controls were included. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), 8-isoprostanes (8-isoP), protein carbonyls, antioxidant capacity, adiponectin and endoglin were determined in the blood. DM patients compared to NDM patients and controls, had increased levels of glucose, C-reactive protein, triacylglycerols, 8-isoP, AGEs, endoglin and BMI. IIEF-5 score, NO and adiponectin levels were decreased. We are the first to find out that endoglin shows a negative correlation with erectile function in NDM, but not in DM patients. Endoglin can be considered as endothelial dysfunction marker in nondiabetic men suffering from ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Trebatický
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital Bratislava, Slovakia, and Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Laubertová L, Koňariková K, Gbelcová H, Ďuračková Z, Muchová J, Garaiova I, Žitňanová I. Fish oil emulsion supplementation might improve quality of life of diabetic patients due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nutr Res 2017; 46:49-58. [PMID: 28893413 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-related complications, including cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, are a significant cause of increased morbidity and mortality among people with diabetes. Previous studies have confirmed that hyperglycemia has pro-oxidative and proinflammatory properties which cause diabetic complications. We hypothesized that supplementation of fish oil emulsion (FOE), rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, to diabetic patients might reduce hyperglycemia-induced pathological changes due to specific properties of FOE. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have a wide range of biological effects. In this project, we have examined the potential protective effect of the FOE on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and cytokine generation in monocytes/macrophages U937 system in vitro. The monocytes/macrophages U937 were cultivated under normal or hyperglycemic (35 mmol/L glucose) conditions with/without FOE for 72 hours. We have focused on specific markers of oxidative stress (antioxidant capacity; superoxide dismutase activity; oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids) and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocytic chemotactic protein-1). Hyperglycemia caused reduction of antioxidant capacity, induction of DNA damage, and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. FOE significantly increased antioxidant capacity of cells as well as superoxide dismutase activity and significantly reduced tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and monocytic chemotactic protein-1 release. No effect was observed on oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids. Our results indicate that FOE can reduce hyperglycemia-induced pathological mechanisms by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Laubertová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Katarína Koňariková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Helena Gbelcová
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Jana Muchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Iveta Garaiova
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Ingrid Žitňanová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Trebatická J, Hradečná Z, Böhmer F, Vaváková M, Waczulíková I, Garaiova I, Luha J, Škodáček I, Šuba J, Ďuračková Z. Emulsified omega-3 fatty-acids modulate the symptoms of depressive disorder in children and adolescents: a pilot study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:30. [PMID: 28690672 PMCID: PMC5497377 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of mood disorders in children is a growing global concern. Omega-3 fatty acids (FA) are emerging as a promising adjuvant therapy for depressive disorder (DD) in paediatric patients. The primary objective of this pilot, single-centre, randomized, double-blind controlled study was to compare the efficacy of an Omega-3 FA fish oil emulsion with a control oil emulsion alongside standard treatment for depressive symptoms in children and adolescents suffering from depressive disorder (DD) and mixed anxiety depressive disorder (MADD). METHODS 38 children (12 patients were treated and diagnosed for at least 1 month before enrolment, 26 patients were first-time diagnosed as DD) aged 11-17 years were randomised 1:1 to the intervention (Omega-3 FA, 19 patients) or active comparator (Omega-6 FA, 19 patients) groups. Children's depression inventory (CDI) ratings were performed at baseline, every 2 weeks for a 12-week intervention period and at 4-week post-intervention. 35 patients (17 in Omega-3 and 18 in Omega-6 groups) who completed the whole intervention period were evaluated. Patients from Omega-3 group were stratified according to diagnosis into two subgroups (DD-10/17 and mixed anxiety depressive disorder (MADD)-7/17 patients) and in the Omega-6 group into DD-10/18 and MADD-8/18 patients. Groups were evaluated separately. Differences between-groups were tested with the Student´s t test or non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Friedman test were used to analyse the Treatment effect for response in CDI score. p < 0.05 was considered significant in all statistical analyses. RESULTS Significant reductions in CDI scores in 35 analysed patients who completed 12 weeks intervention were observed after 12 weeks of intervention only in the Omega-3 group (p = 0.034). After stratification to depressive disorder and mixed anxiety depressive disorder subgroups, the DD subgroup receiving the Omega-3 FA fish oil showed statistically greater improvement (score reduction after 8 week treatment of -9.1 CDI, p = 0.0001) when compared to the MADD subgroup (score reduction after 8 week treatment -4.24 CDI, p = 0.271). CONCLUSIONS CDI scores were reduced in the Omega-3 group and the depression subgroup had greater improvement than the mixed depressive/anxiety group. An Omega-3 fatty acid rich fish oil emulsion may be an effective adjuvant supplement during the treatment of depressive disorders in children. Trial registration ISRCTN81655012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Trebatická
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, Limbová 1, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Hradečná
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, Limbová 1, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - František Böhmer
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, Limbová 1, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Magdaléna Vaváková
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Waczulíková
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Garaiova
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ UK
| | - Ján Luha
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Igor Škodáček
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, Limbová 1, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Šuba
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, Limbová 1, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- 0000000109409708grid.7634.6Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Trebatická J, Dukát A, Ďuračková Z, Muchová J. Cardiovascular diseases, depression disorders and potential effects of omega-3 fatty acids. Physiol Res 2017; 66:363-382. [PMID: 28248536 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depressive disorders (DD) are two of the most prevalent health problems in the world. Although CVD and depression have different origin, they share some common pathophysiological characteristics and risk factors, such as the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction, blood flow abnormalities, decreased glucose metabolism, elevated plasma homocysteine levels, oxidative stress and disorder in vitamin D metabolism. Current findings confirm the common underlying factors for both pathologies, which are related to dramatic dietary changes in the mid-19th century. By changing dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids from 1:1 to 15-20:1 some changes in metabolism were induced, such as increased pro-inflammatory mediators and modulations of different signaling pathways following pathophysiological response related to both, cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Trebatická
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Child University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Bystrická Z, Ďuračková Z. Gas chromatography determination of fatty acids in the human erythrocyte membranes - A review. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2016; 115:35-40. [PMID: 27914511 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Blood fatty acid measurements can reflect exogenously consumed fatty acids allowing to resolve some metabolic disorders (e.g. diabetes, anorexia) or mental disorders (e.g. depression, anxiety, schizophrenia). For this purpose, fatty acids can be determined in the whole blood or various blood fractions such as the plasma, serum or erythrocytes. Measurement of fatty acids in the whole blood by dried blood spot technique is becoming increasingly popular and is often used mainly for the screening of newborns due to the use of the small sample volume. The most popular is determination of fatty acids in plasma or serum samples. While the profile of plasma fatty acids fluctuates based on daily dietary intake, the red blood cell membrane composition of fatty acids reflects the 2-3 month dietary intake. Such results can be more reflective in contrast to the plasma/serum and therefore the present review will summarize available information on gas chromatography determination of fatty acids in human red blood cell membranes. Selection of extraction and derivatization reagents as well as presentation of chromatographic conditions will be discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Bystrická
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Muchová J, Andrezálová L, Nagyová SO, Garaiova I, Ďuračková Z, Ďuračková Z. High density lipoprotein subfractions and paraoxonase 1 in children. Acta Biochim Pol 2016; 63:555-63. [PMID: 27262841 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2015_1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The Lipoprint system (Quantimetrix Corp., CA, USA), enables the determination of 10 high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions in contrast to the 5 HDL subfractions that can be determined by ultracentrifuge analysis. HDL subfractions, and their relationships to the arylesterase (PON1-A) and lactonase (PON1-L) activities of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), together with total-, very low density lipoprotein- and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and LDL subfractions were investigated in the serum of 27 mildly hypercholesterolemic children and 21 healthy controls. Our results suggest the antiatherogenity of large HDL (L-HDL) subfractions and the atherogenity of small HDL (S-HDL) subfractions in the study groups. However, the relationship between the intermediate HDL (I-HDL) subfractions with the LDL subfractions and other lipoproteins did not suggest that I-HDL subfractions are antiatherogenic. No significant association between PON1-A and the HDL subfractions was found. In contrast, PON1-L activity positively correlated with the antiatherogenic large HDL1 subfraction and negatively with intermediate HDL subfractions 4, 5 and 6. Our results contribute to the knowledge of the roles of total HDL and ten individual HDL subfractions in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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11
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Deáková Z, Ďuračková Z, Armstrong DW, Lehotay J. Two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography for determination of homocysteine, methionine and cysteine enantiomers in human serum. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1408:118-24. [PMID: 26169904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A two-dimensional HPLC system with electrochemical detection was used for determination of homocysteine, methionine and cysteine enantiomers in biological samples. The amino acid separations were not possible only by using a chiral column. The compounds were separated from each other on an achiral column (Purospher RP-18 endcapped 250-4mm, 5μm) and their enantiomers were separated on Chirobiotic TAG (250-4.6mm, 5μm) column in an on-line system. The mobile phase composition and a choice of electrode potentials for detection were investigated. The l-enantiomers always eluted before the d-enantiomers. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of human serum of healthy volunteers and patients with multiple sclerosis. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were defined as the concentration that produced a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3 and 10. The method LOD values were found to be between 0.05 and 0.50μgmL(-1). The range of LOQ values were between 0.17 and 1.67μgmL(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Deáková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Jozef Lehotay
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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12
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Országhová Z, Waczulíková I, Burki C, Rohdewald P, Ďuračková Z. An Effect of Oak-Wood Extract (Robuvit®) on Energy State of Healthy Adults-A Pilot Study. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1219-24. [PMID: 25981190 PMCID: PMC4690515 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to examine the psychological benefits of the treatment with Robuvit® (Horphag Research Ltd.) – polyphenolic extract obtained from the wood of oak Quercus robur – on the healthy elderly individuals using energy subscale scores of the Activation – Deactivation Adjective Check List. Analysis was focused on the comparison of pre-post treatment effect of Robuvit on symptoms of fatigue. In the total group of volunteers, significant increase of average question scores was found in three of four subscales of feelings (energy, tiredness, and tension) after 4 weeks of Robuvit administration. Effects of extract were observed mainly after stratification of total group of volunteers according to the level of feeling at the pre-treatment questionnaire. Our results demonstrate positive effect of Robuvit on mental and energy level in healthy human without any unwanted side effects. © 2015 The Authors Phytotherapy Research Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Országhová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Waczulíková
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Carolina Burki
- Horphag Research, Avenue Louis-Casaï 71, 1216, Cointrin/Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Peter Rohdewald
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Twenteweg 15, 48161, Münster, Germany
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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13
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Koňariková K, Ježovičová M, Keresteš J, Gbelcová H, Ďuračková Z, Žitňanová I. Anticancer effect of black tea extract in human cancer cell lines. Springerplus 2015; 4:127. [PMID: 25825685 PMCID: PMC4374083 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-0871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigated effects of natural extract from the black tea Camellia sinensis (BTE) against human colon carcinoma cell line HT-29, human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7, human alveolar carcinoma cell line A549 and healthy cell line NIH-3T3. We identified concentration range for cytotoxic/antiproliferative effects using MTT assay and the trypan blue assay, gel electrophoresis we employed to determine the type of cell death induced by BTE and DNA damage we determined by comet assay. Different concentrations of the extract (0.00078 - 5 μg/mL) we added to the cultured cells and incubated for 216 h. BTE showed cytotoxic effects against all carcinoma cell lines, however HT-29 and MCF-7 cells were more sensitive than A549. BTE showed no antiproliferative effect against healthy cells NIH-3T3 at tested concentrations. We found no apoptotic cell death in HT-29 and MCF-7 cells after 72 h of incubation in case of single administration of BTE but in case of repetitive administration of BTE (BTE was added to the cells each day) we found apoptotic cell death in HT-29 after 72 h incubation. BTE induced also DNA strand breaks and oxidative damage to DNA in carcinoma cells HT-29 and MCF-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Koňariková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miriam Ježovičová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Keresteš
- Molecule of Life, Ltd, Lichnerova 38, 903 01 Senec, Slovakia
| | - Helena Gbelcová
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ingrid Žitňanová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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14
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Ďurfinová M, Bartová R, Orešanská K, Valentová N, Uličná O, Ďuračková Z, Muchová J. The effects of fish oil emulsion supplementation on synaptosomal membrane enzyme activities in diabetic rats: Protective effect on K
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‐paranitrophenylphosphatase activity only in non‐diabetic rats but no significant influence on Na
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/K
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‐ATPase activity. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ďurfinová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Radka Bartová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Katarína Orešanská
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Natália Valentová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Oľga Uličná
- Pharmaco‐biochemical LaboratoryThird Internal Clinics of Faculty HospitalFaculty of MedicineComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Jana Muchová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
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15
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Deáková Z, Ďuračková Z, Armstrong DW, Lehotay J. Separation of Enantiomers of Selected Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids by Using Serially Coupled Achiral-Chiral Columns. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2014.968666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Deáková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Jozef Lehotay
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
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16
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Deáková Z, Országhová Z, Andrezálová L, Slezák P, Lehotay J, Muchová J, Bürki C, Ďuračková Z. Influence of oak wood polyphenols on cysteine, homocysteine and glutathione total levels and PON1 activities in human adult volunteers - a pilot study. Gen Physiol Biophys 2014; 34:73-80. [PMID: 25367762 DOI: 10.4149/gpb_2014029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between antioxidants and pro-oxidants. Many diseases like atherosclerosis or heart failure are involved in oxidative stress. Increased oxidative stress is one of the potential contributing factors to aging. The aim of this study was to monitor the total thiol levels as markers of oxidative stress in 20 healthy volunteers after polyphenols intake (extract from the French oak wood Quercus robur - Robuvit® (300 mg/day)). Polyphenols are known as biomodulators with antioxidant activities. Homocysteine, cysteine and glutathione total levels were determined by using HPLC with electrochemical detection. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-1 toward two substrates was determined by spectrophotometry. The level of thiol compounds and paraoxonase-1 activities were controlled after run-in (week 0), intervention (week 4) and washout (week 6) period. After the intervention period the results showed that Robuvit® had no significant influence on glutathione level (p = 0.382) and paraoxonase activities towards both, arylester and lactone substrates. On the other hand, homocysteine and cysteine levels decreased significantly (p = 0.029; p < 0.001, respectively). The negative correlation between paraoxonase lactonase activity and homocysteine level was noticed. This confirms that paraoxonase might play an important role in homocysteine-thiolactone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Deáková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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17
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Abstract
Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with imbalance between production of free radicals and reactive metabolites (e.g. superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) and the antioxidant defences. Oxidative stress in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with trisomy of the 21st chromosome resulting in DS phenotype as well as with various morphological abnormalities, immune disorders, intellectual disability, premature aging and other biochemical abnormalities. Trisomy 21 in patients with DS results in increased activity of an important antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) which gene is located on the 21st chromosome along with other proteins such as transcription factor Ets-2, stress inducing factors (DSCR1) and precursor of beta-amyloid protein responsible for the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease. Mentioned proteins are involved in the management of mitochondrial function, thereby promoting mitochondrial theory of aging also in people with DS. In defence against toxic effects of free radicals and their metabolites organism has built antioxidant defence systems. Their lack and reduced function increases oxidative stress resulting in disruption of the structure of important biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. This leads to their dysfunctions affecting pathophysiology of organs and the whole organism. This paper examines the impact of antioxidant interventions as well as positive effect of physical exercise on cognitive and learning disabilities of individuals with DS. Potential therapeutic targets on the molecular level (oxidative stress markers, gene for DYRK1A, neutrophic factor BDNF) after intervention of natural polyphenols are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Muchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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18
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Koláček M, Muchová J, Dvořáková M, Paduchová Z, Žitňanová I, Čierna I, Országhová Z, Székyová D, Jajcaiová-Zedníčková N, Kovács L, Ďuračková Z. Effect of natural polyphenols (Pycnogenol) on oxidative stress markers in children suffering from Crohn's disease--a pilot study. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:624-34. [PMID: 23710677 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.807508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a nonspecific, chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. It is supposed that in etiopathogenesis oxidative stress (OS) plays a role. However, its precise role in the active and non-active states of disease is not known yet. We conducted a pilot study focusing on the relationship between OS of CD in remission and the possibility to influence clinical parameters and markers of OS by polyphenolic extract, Pycnogenol® (Pyc). Compared to 15 healthy controls 15 pediatric CD patients (all were in remission according to their disease activity index - PCDAI) had reduced the activity of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased the oxidative damage to proteins. We found negative correlations between markers of inflammation (calprotectin, CRP) as well as between PCDAI and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Activities of antioxidant enzymes, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) negatively correlated with calprotectin and PCDAI. Pyc (2 mg/kg) positively influenced the parameters of OS in CD patients after 10 weeks of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koláček
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kopál
- Institute of Medical ChemistryBiochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineComenius University, BratislavaSlovakia
| | - Jana Muchová
- Institute of Medical ChemistryBiochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineComenius University, BratislavaSlovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical ChemistryBiochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineComenius University, BratislavaSlovakia
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20
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Garaiova I, Muchová J, Nagyová Z, Mišľanová C, Oravec S, Dukát A, Wang D, Plummer SF, Ďuračková Z. Effect of a plant sterol, fish oil and B vitamin combination on cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolemic children and adolescents: a pilot study. Nutr J 2013; 12:7. [PMID: 23297818 PMCID: PMC3549748 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors can predict clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis in adulthood. In this pilot study with hypercholesterolemic children and adolescents, we investigated the effects of a combination of plant sterols, fish oil and B vitamins on the levels of four independent risk factors for CVD; LDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, C-reactive protein and homocysteine. METHODS Twenty five participants (mean age 16 y, BMI 23 kg/m2) received daily for a period of 16 weeks an emulsified preparation comprising plant sterols esters (1300 mg), fish oil (providing 1000 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) and vitamins B12 (50 μg), B6 (2.5 mg), folic acid (800 μg) and coenzyme Q10 (3 mg). Atherogenic and inflammatory risk factors, plasma lipophilic vitamins, provitamins and fatty acids were measured at baseline, week 8 and 16. RESULTS The serum total cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, subfractions LDL-2, IDL-1, IDL-2 and plasma homocysteine levels were significantly reduced at the end of the intervention period (p<0.05). The triacylglycerols levels decreased by 17.6%, but did not reach significance. No significant changes in high sensitivity C-reactive protein, HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1 were observed during the study period. After standardisation for LDL cholesterol, there were no significant changes in the levels of plasma γ-tocopherol, β-carotene and retinol, except for reduction in α-tocopherol levels. The plasma levels of n-3 fatty acids increased significantly with the dietary supplementation (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Daily intake of a combination of plant sterols, fish oil and B vitamins may modulate the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic children and adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN89549017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Garaiova
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, 813 72, Slovakia
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Abstract
Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with pathogenetic mechanisms of several diseases including atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory diseases, as well as psychological diseases or aging processes. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between production of free radicals and reactive metabolites, so-called oxidants, and their elimination by protective mechanisms, referred to as antioxidative systems. This imbalance leads to damage of important biomolecules and organs with potential impact on the whole organism. Oxidative and antioxidative processes are associated with electron transfer influencing the redox state of cells and the organism. The changed redox state stimulates or inhibits activities of various signal proteins, resulting in a changed ability of signal pathways to influence the fate of cells. At present, the opinion that oxidative stress is not always harmful, has been accepted. Depending on the type of oxidants, intensity and time of redox imbalance as well as on the type of cells, oxidative stress can play a role in the regulation of other important processes through modulation of signal pathways, influencing synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, repair processes, inflammation, apoptosis and cell proliferation, and thus processes of malignity. Imprudent administration of antioxidants may therefore have a negative impact on the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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22
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Országhová Z, Liptáková A, Muchová J, Uličná O, Vančová O, Sivoňová M, Božek P, Čársky J, Ďuračková Z. Influence of pyridoxylidene aminoguanidine on biomarkers of the oxidative stress and selected metabolic parameters of rats with diabetes mellitus. Gen Physiol Biophys 2009. [DOI: 10.4149/gpb_2009_04_347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Grimm T, Skrabala R, Chovanová Z, Muchová J, Sumegová K, Liptáková A, Ďuračková Z, Högger P. Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of maritime pine bark extract (pycnogenol) after oral administration to healthy volunteers. BMC Clin Pharmacol 2006; 6:4. [PMID: 16887024 PMCID: PMC1559639 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6904-6-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2006] [Accepted: 08/03/2006] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Since plant extracts are increasingly used as phytotherapeutics or dietary supplements information on bioavailability, bioefficacy and safety are warranted. We elucidated the plasma kinetics of genuine extract components and metabolites after single and multiple ingestion of the standardized maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol (USP quality) by human volunteers. Methods Eleven volunteers received a single dose of 300 mg pine bark extract, five volunteers ingested 200 mg daily for five days to reach steady state concentrations. Plasma samples were obtained before and at defined time points after intake of the extract. Samples were analyzed by HPLC with ion-pair reagents and simultaneous UV and electrochemical detection. Results We quantified total plasma concentrations of catechin, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, taxifolin and the metabolite M1 (δ-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-γ-valerolactone). Additionally, we describe plasma time courses and steady state appearance of ten so far unknown compounds, U1 to U10. After single ingestion, compounds derived from the extract were rapidly absorbed and the majority of them were detectable over whole experimental period of 14 h. The analysis of steady state plasma samples revealed significant phase II metabolism. Conclusion We present the first systematic pharmacokinetic analysis of compounds derived from maritime pine bark extract. Beyond the known constituents and metabolites we uncovered the plasma time courses of ten unknown compounds. In concert with our previous detection of anti-inflammatory bioefficacy of these plasma samples ex vivo we suggest that constituents and metabolites of Pycnogenol bear potential for disclosure of novel active principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Grimm
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roswitha Skrabala
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Zuzana Chovanová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Muchová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Sumegová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Liptáková
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Högger
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
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Grimm T, Chovanová Z, Muchová J, Sumegová K, Liptáková A, Ďuračková Z, Högger P. Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MMP-9 secretion by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol). J Inflamm (Lond) 2006; 3:1. [PMID: 16441890 PMCID: PMC1413525 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-3-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2005] [Accepted: 01/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol®) displays a variety of anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. Aim of this study was to determine whether human plasma after oral intake of Pycnogenol contains sufficient concentrations of active principles to inhibit key mediators of inflammation. Blood samples from seven healthy volunteers were obtained before and after five days administration of 200 mg Pycnogenol per day. Plasma samples statistically significantly inhibited matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) release from human monocytes and NF-κB activation. Thus, we provide evidence that bioavailable active principles of Pycnogenol exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibition of proinflammatory gene expression which is consistent with documented clinical observations. We suggest that our ex vivo method is suitable to substantiate molecular pharmacological mechanisms of complex plant extracts in a more focussed and rational way compared to in vitro studies by taking into account the processes of absorption and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Grimm
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Zuzana Chovanová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Muchová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Sumegová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Anna Liptáková
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Högger
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
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Labuda J, Feníková L, Ďuračková Z. Cyclic voltammetry and bioassay of some superoxide dismutase mimetic copper complex compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-4598(97)00058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ďuračková Z, Novotný L, Liptáková A, Dovinová I, Labuda J. The Cu(II) complex with tetraaza macrocyclic ligand as a DNA modulator and an antineoplastic agent. J Inorg Biochem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(97)80217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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