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Malfatti MA, Buchholz BA, Enright HA, Stewart BJ, Ognibene TJ, McCartt AD, Loots GG, Zimmermann M, Scharadin TM, Cimino GD, Jonas BA, Pan CX, Bench G, Henderson PT, Turteltaub KW. Radiocarbon Tracers in Toxicology and Medicine: Recent Advances in Technology and Science. TOXICS 2019; 7:E27. [PMID: 31075884 PMCID: PMC6631948 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments in radiocarbon tracer technology and applications. Technologies covered include accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), including conversion of samples to graphite, and rapid combustion to carbon dioxide to enable direct liquid sample analysis, coupling to HPLC for real-time AMS analysis, and combined molecular mass spectrometry and AMS for analyte identification and quantitation. Laser-based alternatives, such as cavity ring down spectrometry, are emerging to enable lower cost, higher throughput measurements of biological samples. Applications covered include radiocarbon dating, use of environmental atomic bomb pulse radiocarbon content for cell and protein age determination and turnover studies, and carbon source identification. Low dose toxicology applications reviewed include studies of naphthalene-DNA adduct formation, benzo[a]pyrene pharmacokinetics in humans, and triclocarban exposure and risk assessment. Cancer-related studies covered include the use of radiocarbon-labeled cells for better defining mechanisms of metastasis and the use of drug-DNA adducts as predictive biomarkers of response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Malfatti
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Bruce A Buchholz
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Heather A Enright
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Benjamin J Stewart
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Ted J Ognibene
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - A Daniel McCartt
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Gabriela G Loots
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Maike Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - Tiffany M Scharadin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - George D Cimino
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - Brian A Jonas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Graham Bench
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Paul T Henderson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - Kenneth W Turteltaub
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
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Etminan N, Dreier R, Buchholz BA, Beseoglu K, Bruckner P, Matzenauer C, Torner JC, Brown RD, Steiger HJ, Hänggi D, Macdonald RL. Age of collagen in intracranial saccular aneurysms. Stroke 2014; 45:1757-63. [PMID: 24781080 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.114.005461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The chronological development and natural history of cerebral aneurysms (CAs) remain incompletely understood. We used (14)C birth dating of a main constituent of CAs, that is, collagen type I, as an indicator for biosynthesis and turnover of collagen in CAs in relation to human cerebral arteries to investigate this further. METHODS Forty-six ruptured and unruptured CA samples from 43 patients and 10 cadaveric human cerebral arteries were obtained. The age of collagen, extracted and purified from excised CAs, was estimated using (14)C birth dating and correlated with CA and patient characteristics, including the history of risk factors associated with atherosclerosis and potentially aneurysm growth and rupture. RESULTS Nearly all CA samples contained collagen type I, which was <5 years old, irrespective of patient age, aneurysm size, morphology, or rupture status. However, CAs from patients with a history of risk factors (smoking or hypertension) contained significantly younger collagen than CAs from patients with no risk factors (mean, 1.6±1.2 versus 3.9±3.3 years, respectively; P=0.012). CAs and cerebral arteries did not share a dominant structural protein, such as collagen type I, which would allow comparison of their collagen turnover. CONCLUSIONS The abundant amount of relatively young collagen type I in CAs suggests that there is an ongoing collagen remodeling in aneurysms, which is significantly more rapid in patients with risk factors. These findings challenge the concept that CAs are present for decades and that they undergo only sporadic episodes of structural change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Etminan
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.).
| | - Rita Dreier
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - Bruce A Buchholz
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - Kerim Beseoglu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - Peter Bruckner
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - Christian Matzenauer
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - James C Torner
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - Robert D Brown
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - Hans-Jakob Steiger
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
| | - R Loch Macdonald
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (N.E., K.B., H.-J.S., D.H.) and Institute of Forensic Medicine (C.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany (R.D., P.B.); Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA (B.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa (J.C.T.); Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.D.B.); Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.); and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.L.M.)
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