Fatal peritonitis due to group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus in a patient receiving chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

A Rare Case of Peritonitis: Streptococcus Salivarius

Streptococcus salivarius is a Gram-positive bacteria that may cause infections like endocarditis and meningitis. However, it has not been reported as a causative agent of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. In this paper we present a rare case of peritonitis with Streptococcus salivarius admitted to our Clinic with abdominal pain, who had been on peritoneal dialysis treatment for 19 months. Streptococus salivarius was cultured from the effluent, sensitive to ampicillin and penicillin G. Patient was discharged completely cured. Peritonitis is the most important clinical issue that occurs in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis, and every effort should be invested to determine the causative agent while even rare bacteria as Streptococcus salivarius may be found.

Streptococcus agalactiae: a rare peritoneal infection in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient

Streptococcus agalactiae causes a rare and often fatal peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). A 52-year-old white female with Alport and chronic kidney disease was initiated on CAPD treatment. Nineteen months later she had a S. agalactiae peritonitis identified and received initially gentamicin-cephalothin, which was changed to ceftazidime, tobramycin, and vancomycin. Recovery started after peritoneal catheter removal. After 3 weeks, severe leucopenia occurred. Granulokine and steroids were given. Six weeks later, she felt well and an abdominal video laparoscopic procedure disclosed a diffuse peritoneal fibrosis, precluding CAPD resumption. She is now doing well on hemodialysis (HD).

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis associated with Lancefield group G beta-hemolytic streptococcus: report of two cases requiring Tenckhoff catheter removal

We describe the first two cases of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis associated with Lancefield group G beta-hemolytic streptococci in the literature. Both patients presented with abdominal pain and turbid dialysis effluent with or without fever. Both had concomitant gastrointestinal tract disturbance. Both did not respond to intraperitoneal cefazolin and tobramycin and required removal of the Tenckhoff catheters.