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Cordeiro ARRDA, Bezerra TKA, Madruga MS. Valuation of Goat and Sheep By-Products: Challenges and Opportunities for Their Use. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233277. [PMID: 36496799 PMCID: PMC9736461 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat and sheep meat production is a challenge for the meat industry as well as for environmental management. Yet within cultures, certain by-products, such as liver, the lungs, heart, brain, spleen, blood, tail and ears, are traditionally used in the production of typical dishes for regional or local cuisine. These by-products are a rich source of lipids, proteins, essential amino acids, B-complex vitamins, and minerals. They can be effectively exploited for higher (value-added) applications, including functional foods or feed ingredients, food supplements, enzymes and other chemical products such as hydrolyzed proteins and flavorings. This review article gathers data on: (i) the production of by-products obtained from slaughter and available for processing, and (ii) potential strategies for using and applying these by-products in obtaining new value-added ingredients. Other than proteins, the review discusses other macromolecules and possible uses of these by-products in culinary dishes, as hydrolyzed enzymes, and as food additives. Even though these by-products undoubtedly present themselves as rich in nutrients, there remains an unfortunate lack of documented information on the potential use of these by-products for their bioactive components, peptides that have various biological and technological properties, and the use of hydrolyzed versions of these by-products as precursors for the production of flavorings.
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Krusinski L, Maciel ICDF, Sergin S, Goeden T, Ali H, Kesamneni S, Jambunathan V, Cassida KA, Singh S, Medina-Meza IG, Rowntree JE, Fenton JI. Evaluation of fatty acid and antioxidant variation in a complex pasture system as compared to standard cattle feed in the Great Lakes region. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.945080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the demand for grass-fed ruminant products keeps increasing, more data are needed to assess the nutritional value of feedstuffs, especially pastures. In addition, global climate change adds another challenge to the management of grasslands with projections of changing temperature and precipitation patterns. Consequently, the variations in bioactive compounds such as fatty acids and antioxidants in feeds will be harder to predict. Therefore, it is critical to report region and time-specific results of the nutritional value of feeds intended for ruminant nutrition. The objectives of this study were to compare the antioxidant and fatty acid content of commonly used feedstuffs including a complex pasture mixture from the Great Lakes Region and a traditional grain-based diet, and to assess the variations of these bioactive compounds in the pasture over the course of two grazing seasons. Weather parameters including temperature and rainfall were recorded for the length of the study. Feed samples were collected between June and September 2019 and 2020 and analyzed for nutrient composition, chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids, and total phenols. Fatty acids were analyzed by GC-MS. Correlations were reported to analyze the relationship between individual plant species, antioxidants, and fatty acids. We observed higher antioxidant parameters in the pasture compared to the grain diet. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher in the pasture including α-linolenic acid while the grain diet was higher in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids including linoleic acid. The n-6:n-3 ratio was more beneficial in the pasture and was 50–90 times higher in the grain diet. Variations in the fatty acid profile of the pasture were observed and varied between 2019 and 2020. Plant growth cycles, climatic conditions, and grazing methods were hypothesized to cause these changes. Altogether, this study increased our knowledge about the nutritional value of feedstuffs and will help ranchers and researchers to better understand the variations of bioactive content based on region, season, and climatic conditions.
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Tokysheva G, Makangali K, Uzakov Y, Kakimov M, Vostrikova N, Baiysbayeva M, Mashanova N. The potential of goat meat as a nutrition source for schoolchildren. POTRAVINARSTVO 2022. [DOI: 10.5219/1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The issue of rational nutrition of children is still extremely relevant and an effective factor in ensuring the preservation of the life and health of children. Pathological conditions associated with intolerance to certain components of food are increasingly common. Biologically complete products play an important role in the organization of rational nutrition of children, which can be created only in industrial production conditions. When assessing the chemical composition of experimental goat meat samples (Zaanenskaya, Alpine, Nubian), no abnormal deviations were detected, and all indicators were in the generally accepted contents of this type of animal muscle tissue. The mineral composition showed that goat meat is rich in such elements as potassium – 1693.22 – 4125.83 mg/kg; sodium – 852.27 – 1518 mg/kg, magnesium – 125.33 – 295.8 mg/kg; calcium – 79.27 – 160.79 mg/kg, iron 11.42-87.52 mg/kg. The vitamin composition of goat meat showed that the content of pantothenic acid (B5) was 0.53 – 0.62 mg / 100g, pyridoxine (B6) 0.52 – 0.64 mg/100g tocopherol 0.27 – 0.33 mg/100g. The mass fraction of goat meat proteins was 2.1 ±0.3 – 2.4 ±0.4%. The study of the dynamics of changes in the composition of protein fractions based on the results of comparative studies of the ratio of sarcoplasmic proteins showed the content of water-soluble (1.75 – 4.06%), salt-soluble (1.75 – 2.44%), alkali-soluble (11.15 – 15.10%) proteins. The salt-soluble fraction reflects the total changes in the state of protein fractions, the solubility of which was not the same for the rocks under consideration (the highest concentration was determined in the Nubian rock).
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Effects of Supplementing Finishing Goats with Mitragyna speciosa (Korth) Havil Leaves Powder on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Carcass Composition, and Meat Quality. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131637. [PMID: 35804536 PMCID: PMC9264776 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to see how dried Mitragyna speciosa Korth leaves (DKTL) affected growth, hematological parameters, carcass characteristics, muscle chemical composition, and fatty acid profile in finishing goats. In a randomized complete block design, twenty crossbred males (Thai Native x Boer) weaned goats (17.70 ± 2.50 kg of initial body weight (BW)) were provided to the experimental animals (5 goats per treatment) for 90 days. Individual dietary treatments of 0, 2.22, 4.44, and 6.66 g/d of DKTL on a dry matter basis were given to the goats. The diets were provided twice daily as total mixed rations ad libitum. In comparison to the control diet, DKTL supplementation had no effect on BW, average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass composition, meat pH, or meat color (p > 0.05). After DKTL treatment, the hot carcass weight, longissimus muscle area, oleic acid (C18:1n9), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and protein content increased, but saturated fatty acids (SFA) and ether extract decreased (p < 0.05). To summarize, DKTL supplementation can improve goat meat quality.
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Dinh TTN, To KV, Schilling MW. Fatty Acid Composition of Meat Animals as Flavor Precursors. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of fatty acids in meat, their variation among animal species, and the roles of fatty acids as flavor precursors. Animal fat mostly consists of triglycerides and phospholipids. Fats from ruminant (cattle, sheep, and goats) and monogastric (pigs and horses) animals have similar fatty acids with more saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids than polyunsaturated fatty acids. In monogastric animals, fatty acids in the muscle reflect the composition of diets, whereas ruminant fatty acids are more saturated because of biohydrogenation in the rumen. Lipid- derived flavor compounds are formed from the thermal oxidation of fatty acids during cooking, producing more desirable aromatic compounds than autoxidation. Monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid in meat produce various volatile compounds contributing to cooked meat aromas. Under most cooking conditions, lipid-derived flavor compounds are usually predominant. However, these compounds have greater thresholds than those derived from water-soluble compounds, such as the Maillard reaction products. The interactions between lipid oxidation products and Maillard compounds are more important for the development of meat flavor than originally thought. Moreover, fat-derived volatile compounds provide flavor notes indicative of species identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu T. N. Dinh
- Mississippi State University Department of Animal and Dairy Science
| | - K. Virellia To
- Mississippi State University Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion
| | - M. Wes Schilling
- Mississippi State University Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion
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Tüfekci H, Olfaz M. Quality traits and fatty acid composition in meat of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (G 1) crossbred kids fattened in different systems. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:305-314. [PMID: 34345652 PMCID: PMC8320521 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-305-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, meat quality traits and fatty acid compositions of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) crossbred kids fattened
under intensive, semi-intensive and extensive conditions were determined. For meat quality traits, differences in pH24h,
pH45min, drip loss, water holding capacity, cooking loss and Warner–Bratzler peak shear force values of the experimental groups were
not found to be significant. According to colour measurements at the 0th and 45th minute, the extensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater
lightness (L∗) values and the intensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater redness (a∗) values. For intensive, semi-intensive
and extensive fattening groups of Hair Goat kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were
respectively measured as 19.28 %, 23.75 % and 23.35 %. Total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 67.30 %,
66.22 % and 65.72 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 5.46 %, 3.06 % and 3.16 % and conjugate
linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.48 %, 0.55 % and 0.65 %. For intensive, semi-intensive and extensive fattening
groups of Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of LD muscle samples
were respectively measured as 21.01 %; 21.98 %, 19.10 %; total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as
64.04 %, 64.33 %, 52.44 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 3.53 %, 4.89 % and 4.84 %
and conjugate linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.52 %, 0.58 % and 0.73 %. It was concluded that the extensive fattening
group had greater conjugated linoleic acid contents than the other fattening groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Tüfekci
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Yozgat Bozok University, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Olfaz
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55200, Samsun, Turkey
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Migdał W, Kawęcka A, Sikora J, Migdał Ł. Meat Quality of the Native Carpathian Goat Breed in Comparison with the Saanen Breed. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082220. [PMID: 34438678 PMCID: PMC8388397 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of male goat kid breeds on the basic chemical, fatty and amino acid composition, colour and sensory evaluation of fresh meat. The meat of the Carpathian kids was characterised by a lower content of protein and cholesterol, and a higher content of fat. Despite the higher collagen content, the meat was characterised by lower shear force, less hardness and chewiness, being a more delicate meat compared to the meat from Saanen goats. The meat of native goats was higher concerning the content of phenylalanine, histidine, proline, alanine and tyrosine, as compared to the meat of the Saanen goats. The fat of Carpathian goat meat was characterised by a higher content of monounsaturated acids and a more favourable (lower) saturation index. Abstract Goats provide valuable products that are appreciated by consumers who are looking for food that is not only tasty but also healthy, and, probably, one of them is goat meat. Breeding of local breeds such as the native Carpathian goat has been gaining importance in recent years, which creates an opportunity for the development of the goat meat market. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of goat breed on the basic chemical, fatty and amino acid composition, colour and sensory evaluation of meat. The research material consisted of Carpathian goats from the NRIAP experimental plant located in the southern part of Poland, and goats from a farm keeping Saanen goats in south-eastern Poland. Ten male goat kids from each breed were taken to the NRIAP farm. The quality of meat obtained from the leg (m. biceps femoris) of male goat kids about 150 days old at slaughter was analysed. The meat of the Carpathian goat was characterised by a lower content of protein and cholesterol (p < 0.01), and a higher content of fat and general collagen compared to the meat from Saanen goats (p < 0.05). Cholesterol content in goat meat of both breeds was similar and ranged from 55.08 mg/100 g (Carpathian) to 56.79 mg/100 g (Saanen). Despite the higher collagen content, the goat meat of Carpathian breeds was characterised by lower shear force, less hardness (p < 0.05) and chewiness, being a more delicate meat. The fat of Carpathian goat breeds was characterised by a higher content of monounsaturated acids, mainly C 18:1n:9, and a more favourable (lower) saturation index, S/P (p < 0.05). The meat of Carpathian goats was characterised by a higher health-promoting quality compared to the meat from Saanen goats. In the goat meat of both breeds, there were no differences between the total content of exogenous and endogenous amino acids. The essential/nonessential amino acids (EAA/NEAA) ratio in the meat of the analysed breeds was 0.88:0.89. However, the meat of the Carpathian goats was statistically significantly higher concerning the content of phenylalanine, histidine, proline, alanine and tyrosine, as compared to the meat of the Saanen goats. The obtained results confirm the high quality of the meat of the local Carpathian breed in comparison to the Saanen breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Władysław Migdał
- Department of Animal Product Processing, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Aldona Kawęcka
- Department of Sheep and Goat Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jacek Sikora
- Department of Sheep and Goat Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Migdał
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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Bambou JC, Cériac S, Liméa L, Arquet R, Bocage B, Alexandre G. Impact of Diet Supplementation and Age at Slaughter on Carcass Characteristics of Creole Goats. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:671948. [PMID: 34113675 PMCID: PMC8185132 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.671948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet and age on finishing performances and carcass characteristics of male Creole goats. A total of 91 weaned male Creole kids [84 days old ± 7 days, 9.2 kg live weight (LW) ± 0.5 kg] were randomly allocated in a 2 × 3 experimental design. The animals were fed individually with two diets: C0: a 28-day-old Digitaria decubens grass alone, or C50: the same grass plus a commercial concentrate (50% of the total diet) and then slaughtered at 7, 11, or 15 months of age. Significant feeding regimen and age at slaughter effects were observed on the goat carcass characteristics. The addition of concentrate improved the average daily gain (ADG), the dressing percentage, and the conformation score (1-5 scale) from 46 to 88 g/day, 52.8 to 62.4%, and 2.2 to 4.9, respectively. Moreover, carcasses of the C0 group appeared lean with less developed fat than the C50 group and lighter than visceral fat. The meat color was significantly more affected by diet than age. Our data suggested that the production of heavy carcasses with low proportions of fat in the meat is possible in this local breed. The valorization of such a forage feeding system until 11 months of age or with the addition of concentrate from 7 to 11 months of age should be evaluated economically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steve Cériac
- INRAE Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, Centre INRAE Antilles-Guyane, Paris, France
| | - Léticia Liméa
- INRAE Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, Centre INRAE Antilles-Guyane, Paris, France
| | - Rémy Arquet
- INRAE Plateforme Tropicale d'Expérimentation sur l'Animal, Centre INRAE Antilles-Guyane, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Bocage
- INRAE Plateforme Tropicale d'Expérimentation sur l'Animal, Centre INRAE Antilles-Guyane, Paris, France
| | - Gisèle Alexandre
- INRAE Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, Centre INRAE Antilles-Guyane, Paris, France
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Zheng C, Song B, Guo Q, Zheng J, Li F, Duan Y, Peng C. Alterations of the Muscular Fatty Acid Composition and Serum Metabolome in Bama Xiang Mini-Pigs Exposed to Dietary Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methyl Butyrate. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051190. [PMID: 33919223 PMCID: PMC8143165 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pork is the most consumed meat source for humans, and the utilization of nutritional approaches to produce pork with an appropriate content of intramuscular fat (IMF) and a balanced ratio of different kinds of fatty acid is an important objective pursuit of swine production. We speculated that dietary supplementation of beta-hydroxy beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) may provide benefits in lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle. In this study, we try to investigate the effects of dietary HMB supplementation on muscular lipid metabolism in Bama Xiang mini-pigs. We found that HMB supplementation could decrease the IMF content and increase n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as regulate the related metabolites (N-Methyl-l-glutamate and nummularine A) in the serum of Bama Xiang mini-pigs, thus improving their meat quality. Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary beta-hydroxy beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation on muscular lipid metabolism in Bama Xiang mini-pigs. Thirty-two piglets (8.58 ± 0.40 kg, barrow) were selected and fed a basal diet supplemented either with 0 (control), 0.13%, 0.64%, or 1.28% HMB for 60 days. Throughout the experiments, they had free access to clean drinking water and diets. Data of this study were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using the SAS 8.2 software package, followed by a Tukey’s studentized range test to explore treatment effects. The results showed that compared to the control, 0.13% HMB decreased the intramuscular fat (IMF) content and increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Longissimus thoracis muscle (LTM), and increased the n3 PUFAs in soleus muscles (SM, p < 0.05). Moreover, HMB supplementation led to alterations in the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism. Serum metabolome profiling showed that in both LTM and SM of Bama Xiang mini-pigs, N-Methyl-l-glutamate was positively correlated with SFA and nummularine A was negatively correlated with C18:3n3 PUFA (p < 0.05). Therefore, N-Methyl-l-glutamate and nummularine A might be potential biomarkers of the HMB-supplemented group. These results suggested that dietary HMB supplementation could decrease the IMF content and increase n3 PUFAs as well as regulate the related metabolites (N-Methyl-l-glutamate and nummularine A) in the serum of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changbing Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.Z.); (B.S.); (Q.G.); (J.Z.); (F.L.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bo Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.Z.); (B.S.); (Q.G.); (J.Z.); (F.L.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.Z.); (B.S.); (Q.G.); (J.Z.); (F.L.)
| | - Jie Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.Z.); (B.S.); (Q.G.); (J.Z.); (F.L.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Fengna Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.Z.); (B.S.); (Q.G.); (J.Z.); (F.L.)
| | - Yehui Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.Z.); (B.S.); (Q.G.); (J.Z.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (C.P.); Tel.: +86-731-84619750 (Y.D. & C.P.)
| | - Can Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.Z.); (B.S.); (Q.G.); (J.Z.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (C.P.); Tel.: +86-731-84619750 (Y.D. & C.P.)
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10
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Burnett DD, Legako JF, Phelps KJ, Gonzalez JM. Biology, strategies, and fresh meat consequences of manipulating the fatty acid composition of meat. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:skaa033. [PMID: 31999826 PMCID: PMC7036598 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The utility and attractiveness of adipose tissue within meat products vary based on species, cut, and consumer preference. In beef, producers are rewarded for producing carcasses with greater visual marbling at the 12th and 13th rib juncture, while pork producers are either not rewarded or penalized for producing carcasses with too much adipose tissue. Some consumers prefer to purchase leaner meat cuts, while other consumers pay premiums to consume products with elevated fat content. While no clear consumer adipose tissue preference standard exists, advances in beef and swine nutrition have enabled producers to target markets that enable them to maximize profits. One niche market that has increased in popularity over the last decade is manipulating the fatty acid profile, specifically increasing omega-3 fatty acid content, of beef and pork products to increase their appeal in a healthy diet. While much research has documented the ability of preharvest diet to alter the fatty acid profile of beef and pork, the same studies have indicated both the color and palatability of these products were negatively affected if preharvest diets were not managed properly. The following review discusses the biology of adipose tissue and lipid accumulation, altering the omega-3 fatty acid profile of beef and pork, negative fresh meat color and palatability associated with these studies, and strategies to mitigate the negative effects of increased omega-3 fatty acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derris D Burnett
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville
| | - Jerrad F Legako
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock
| | | | - John M Gonzalez
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens
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11
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Xu X, Chen X, Chen D, Yu B, Yin J, Huang Z. Effects of dietary apple polyphenol supplementation on carcass traits, meat quality, muscle amino acid and fatty acid composition in finishing pigs. Food Funct 2019; 10:7426-7434. [PMID: 31660546 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01304k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As health awareness is increasing, consumers have changed their focus with a desire to purchase safer, healthier, and higher quality and nutritional value meat. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary apple polyphenol (APP) supplementation in finishing pigs could provide pork with high quality and nutritional value. In the present study, 36 castrated Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs with an average body weight of 71.25 ± 2.40 kg were randomly divided into three treatments and fed with a basal diet supplemented with 0, 400, or 800 mg kg-1 APPs for 7 weeks. The results showed that dietary 800 mg kg-1 APP supplementation not only decreased backfat thickness and abdominal adipose tissue index but also decreased L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness) in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. The LD muscle crude protein content, the proportions of essential amino acids, flavor amino acids, and total amino acids, as well as the amino acid transporter (SLC7A1, SLC7A2, SLC7A7, SLC1A2) mRNA levels were increased by 800 mg kg-1 APPs. The proportions of docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and the ratio of PUFA to saturated fatty acid in LD muscle were increased by 400 mg kg-1 APPs. Meanwhile, dietary 400 mg kg-1 and 800 mg kg-1 APP supplementation decreased the contents of blood urea nitrogen and total cholesterol, as well as increased the content of inosinic acid in LD muscle. In conclusion, these results suggested that dietary 800 mg kg-1 APP supplementation improved the carcass traits, meat color, and meat flavor in finishing pigs. These results also suggested that dietary 400 mg kg-1 and 800 mg kg-1 APP supplementation improved the meat nutritional value in finishing pigs. The present study provides effective evidence for the application of APP supplementation for healthy high-quality and nutritional value pork production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Jingdong Yin
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
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12
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Comparative fatty acids composition and cholesterol content in Bactrian (Camelus bactrianus) and dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) meat. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:2025-2035. [PMID: 31011922 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study is aimed at comparing the fatty acid profiles, cholesterol, and atherogenicity index of Bactrian and dromedary camel meat by using discriminant analysis to identify the more discriminating fatty acids. Six muscles were sampled from nine Bactrian and nine dromedary camels and analyzed for fatty acid parameters and cholesterol content. The mean fatty acid profiles differed in higher proportion between species than between muscles. The main discriminating fatty acids between species (100% well-classed samples) were C15:0, C17:1, C14:1, C20:0, and C18:0. A significant difference was also observed in cholesterol content, with more cholesterol in Bactrian meat (53.6 ± 12.5 mg/100 g) compared to dromedary meat (49.4 ± 11.2 mg/100 g). However, the atherogenicity index was lower in Bactrian meat (1.196 ± 0.148) than in dromedary meat (1.379 ± 0.109). Despite the dietetic interest in camel meat due to its low cholesterol and low-fat content, the high atherogenicity index compared to other red meat appeared as an unfavorable argument.
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13
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Hwang YH, Bakhsh A, Ismail I, Lee JG, Joo ST. Effects of Intensive Alfalfa Feeding on Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Profile of Korean Native Black Goats. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2018; 38:1092-1100. [PMID: 30479514 PMCID: PMC6238026 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2018.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine meat quality characteristics and fatty acid composition of Korean native black goats (KNBG) finished on intensive feeding of alfalfa (ALF) and conventional feeding of commercial concentrate pellets (CCP) with low-energy common grasses. Ten KNBG (12 months old) were divided into two groups and subjected to either ALF or CCP treatments. The goats were slaughtered after 6 months of feeding with experimental diets to investigate meat quality characteristics and fatty acid compositions of longissimus lumborum muscle. There were no significant differences in proximate chemical composition, collagen, or myoglobin content between ALF and CCP groups of goats. Meat color, water-holding capacity, or tenderness was not significantly different between the two groups either. However, proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) different between the two groups. The proportion of oleic acid was significantly (p<0.05) higher in ALF goat whereas proportion of linoleic and arachidonic acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in CCP goat. Results suggest that KNBG finished with intensive feeding of alfalfa could produce goat meat with desirable fatty acids for human diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hwa Hwang
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Allah Bakhsh
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Ishamri Ismail
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Jung-Gyu Lee
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Seon-Tea Joo
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea.,Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea.,Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
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14
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Wang X, Wu T, Yan S, Shi B, Zhang Y, Guo X. Influence of pasture or total mixed ration on fatty acid composition and expression of lipogenic genes of longissimus thoracis and subcutaneous adipose tissues in Albas White Cashmere Goats. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2018.1490632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Tiemei Wu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Sumei Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Binlin Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
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15
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Costa RG, Ribeiro NL, de Almeida MDA, da Cruz GRB, Sousa S, Madruga MS, Queiroga RDCR. Characterization of the lipid profile of internal fat deposits of sheep in the semiarid region of Brazil. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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The fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissues from entire and castrated male Boer goats raised in Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1017/s1357729800090081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe fatty acid composition of longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle and adipose tissues (subcutaneous and intermuscular fat) from castrated and entire male Boer goat bucks was investigated. Sixty Boer bucks in groups of between three and five animals were slaughtered at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 kg live weight (5 and 15 kg animals were not castrated). The fatty acid composition of LT muscle from castrated and entire Boers was significantly affected by slaughter weight. The fatty acid content ofLT muscle and subcutaneous and intermuscular fat from both castrated and entire Boer bucks was primarily composed of oleic acid followed by palmitic and stearic acid. Both oleic and palmitic acid increased with slaughter weight whereas stearic acid decreased. LT muscle from castrated Boer bucks contained higher amounts of desirable fatty acids. In contrast to slaughter weight, castration of Boer bucks resulted in only minor changes in fatty acid composition of adipose tissues. It can be concluded that slaughter weight plays a role in changing the fatty acid composition ofLT muscle and adipose tissues from Boer bucks.
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17
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Duan Y, Duan Y, Li F, Li Y, Guo Q, Ji Y, Tan B, Li T, Yin Y. Effects of supplementation with branched-chain amino acids to low-protein diets on expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing pigs. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2131-44. [PMID: 27156063 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), including leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), and valine (Val), play critical roles in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism in addition to their other functions, such as in protein metabolism. This study investigated the effects of different dietary BCAA ratios on the intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid composition in different location of skeletal muscles, including the longissimus dorsi (LD), biceps femoris (BF), and psoas major (PM) muscles of growing pigs, and also examined the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism in these muscle tissues. The experiment was performed on 40 growing pigs (Large White × Landrace) with a similar initial weight (9.85 ± 0.35 kg). The pigs were randomly assigned to one of five diets: diet A was a positive control and contained 20 % crude protein (CP) with a Leu:Ile:Val ratio of 1:0.51:0.63 according to the recommendation of the National Research Council (NRC); for diets B to E, the CP level was reduced to 17 %, and the Leu:Ile:Val ratios were 1:1:1, 1:0.75:0.75, 1:0.51:0.63, and 1:0.25:0.25, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the average feed intake and feed efficiency of the pigs fed the low protein diet (17 % CP) with BCAA treatments relative to the positive control. However, there was a tendency for increased feed efficiency of the 1:0.75:0.75 group compared with the 1:1:1 group (P = 0.09). The BCAA ratio of 1:0.75:0.75 (17 % CP) increased the IMF content of BF muscle (P < 0.01). Moreover, varied dietary BCAA supplementation with a reduced protein level had different effects on the fatty acid composition of the LD, BF, and PM muscles. The BCAA ratio of 1:0.51:0.63-1:0.75:0.75 (17 % CP) significantly lowered the ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in these muscles compared with the positive control group (20 % CP). This effect was associated with an increase in mRNA expression levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid transport protein, and fatty acid binding protein 4 in the muscles (P < 0.05). The results indicated that the reduced protein diet (17 % CP) with the BCAA ratio within 1:0.25:0.25-1:0.75:0.75 could increase the IMF content in BF muscle and significantly improve the fatty acid composition in different skeletal muscles accompanied by changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, compared with those in the pigs that received adequate dietary protein (20 %), which might result in improved eating quality and nutritional value of the meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yangmiao Duan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Yinghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yujiao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, 410125, China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Research Center for Healthy Breeding Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center for Animal and Poultry Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, 410128, China. .,School of Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410018, China.
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18
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Marcinčáková D, Čertík M, Marcinčák S, Popelka P, Šimková J, Klempová T, Petrovič V, Tučková M, Bača M. Effect of dietary supplementation ofMelissa officinalisand combination ofAchillea millefoliumandCrataegus oxyacanthaon broiler growth performance, fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation of chicken meat. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2011.e43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Marcinčáková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Milan Čertík
- Department of Biochemical Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Slavomír Marcinčák
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Popelka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Šimková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tatiana Klempová
- Department of Biochemical Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Petrovič
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marta Tučková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bača
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
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19
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Peña F, Juárez M, Bonvillani A, García P, Polvillo O, Domenech V. Muscle and genotype effects on fatty acid composition of goat kid intramuscular fat. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2011.e40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Kiani A, Fallah R. Effects of live weight at slaughter on fatty acid composition of Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris muscles of indigenous Lori goat. Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 48:67-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0922-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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De Palo P, Maggiolino A, Centoducati N, Tateo A. Effects of different milk replacers on carcass traits, meat quality, meat color and fatty acids profile of dairy goat kids. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Oliveira CHA, Silva AM, Silva LM, van Tilburg MF, Fernandes CCL, Moura AA, Moreno FBMB, Monteiro-Moreira ACO, Moreira RA, Bezerra FJ, Rondina D. Meat quality assessment from young goats fed for long periods with castor de-oiled cake. Meat Sci 2015; 106:16-24. [PMID: 25866931 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Diet can influence both the qualitative and quantitative traits of ruminant meat. This study evaluated the effects of castor de-oiled cake on the meat of mixed-breed male goat kids. After 165days of diet treatment, no alterations (p>0.05) were observed in the in vivo performance, anatomic components, dissection and proximate composition of the Longissimus dorsi muscle, as well as in the color and pH of the carcasses. However, diet had an effect (p<0.05) on energy metabolites, fatty acid profile, and expression of certain proteins of the Longissimus dorsi muscle. To conclude, this study showed that the establishment of castor de-oiled cake diet for a long period to goats led to alterations in meat quality, without compromising its consumption qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H A Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, CEP: 60740-000 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A M Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, CEP: 60740-000 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - L M Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, CEP: 60740-000 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M F van Tilburg
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, CEP: 60356-000 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - C C L Fernandes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, CEP: 60740-000 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A A Moura
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, CEP: 60356-000 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - F B M B Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Ceará, CEP: 60356-000, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A C O Monteiro-Moreira
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP: 60811-905, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - R A Moreira
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP: 60811-905, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - F J Bezerra
- Department of Nutrition, University of Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP: 60811-905, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - D Rondina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, CEP: 60740-000 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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23
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Abubakr A, Alimon AR, Yaakub H, Abdullah N, Ivan M. Effect of feeding palm oil by-products based diets on muscle fatty acid composition in goats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119756. [PMID: 25789610 PMCID: PMC4366160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the effects of feeding palm oil by-products based diets on different muscle fatty acid profiles in goats. Thirty-two Cacang × Boer goats were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: (1) control diet (CD), (2) 80% decanter cake diet (DCD), (3) 80% palm kernel cake diet (PKCD) and (4) CD plus 5% palm oil (PO) supplemented diet (CPOD). After 100 days of feeding, four goats from each group were slaughtered and longissimus dorsi (LD), infraspinatus (IS) and biceps femoris (BF) were sampled for analysis of fatty acids. Goats fed the PKCD had higher (P<0.05) concentration of lauric acid (C12:0) than those fed the other diets in all the muscles tested. Compared to the other diets, the concentrations of palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) were lower (P<0.05) and that of linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6) was higher (P<0.05) in the muscles from goats fed the CD. It was concluded that palm kernel cake and decanter cake can be included in the diet of goats up to 80% with more beneficial than detrimental effects on the fatty acid profile of their meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahim Abubakr
- Department of Animal Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Bahri,Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abdul Razak Alimon
- Department of Animal Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Halimatun Yaakub
- Department of Animal Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhani Abdullah
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Michael Ivan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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24
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Turner KE, Cassida KA, Zerby HN. Meat goat kids finished on alfalfa, red clover or orchardgrass pastures: Carcass merit and meat quality. Meat Sci 2014; 98:629-36. [PMID: 25089787 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K E Turner
- Animal Science, USDA, ARS, Grazinglands Research Laboratory, El Reno, OK 73036, USA.
| | - K A Cassida
- Agronomy, Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - H N Zerby
- Meat Science, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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25
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Özcan M, Demirel G, Yakan A, Ekiz B, Tölü C, Savaş T. Genotype, production system and sex effects on fatty acid composition of meat from goat kids. Anim Sci J 2014; 86:200-6. [PMID: 25186278 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Two trials were performed to assess the meat fatty acid profile of goat kids from different genotypes, production systems and sex. In the first trial, genotype effect was determined in 24 suckling male kids from Turkish Saanen, Maltese and Gokceada breeds. In the second trial, male and female Gokceada Goat kids were used to compare the effect of extensive and semi-intensive production systems on fatty acid composition of meat. Significant genotype effect was observed in the percentages of myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1 n-9), linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3), arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3), despite no differences on the ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (PUFA/SFA) and n-6/n-3 (P > 0.05). The effect of production system had also significant effects on fatty acids, but sex only influenced significantly stearic acid (C18:0), C18:1 n-9 and C18:3 n-3 fatty acids and total PUFA level and PUFA/SFA ratio. This study confirms that dairy breeds are prone to produce higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids in their muscle. Meanwhile, meat from Gokceada goat kids, which is one of the indigenous breeds in Turkey, had similar PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios to Turkish Saanen and Maltase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Özcan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Kannan G, Lee J, Kouakou B. Chevon quality enhancement: Trends in pre- and post-slaughter techniques. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Karami M, Ponnampalam EN, Hopkins DL. The effect of palm oil or canola oil on feedlot performance, plasma and tissue fatty acid profile and meat quality in goats. Meat Sci 2013; 94:165-9. [PMID: 23501247 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-four entire male Kacang kid goats were fed diets containing 3% canola (n=12) or palm oil (n=12) supplements for 16 weeks. The goats had an initial live weight of 14.2±1.46 kg and were fed a mixed ration ad libitum (10.4 MJ/ME and 14% crude protein). There was no difference in feedlot performance due to diet. Inclusion of canola oil reduced (P<0.05) kidney fat weight and increased (P<0.05) linolenic acid (18:3n-3) concentration in the blood plasma, m. longissimus lumborum (LL), liver, and kidney. The palm oil diet increased (P<0.05) myristic (14:0) and palmitic (16:0) acid content in the blood, but this did not alter these fatty acids in the LL muscle. Lipid oxidative substances in the liver and LL from palm oil fed kids were higher (P<0.05) than those from canola supplemented kids. The incorporation of canola oil into the goats' diet increased muscle omega-3 fatty acid content, but lipid oxidation was lowered in the blood and muscle LL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karami
- Animal Science Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, 415, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Longobardi F, Sacco D, Casiello G, Ventrella A, Contessa A, Sacco A. Garganica kid goat meat: Physico-chemical characterization and nutritional impacts. J Food Compost Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Fatty acid composition of muscle and fat tissues of Omani Jebel Akhdar goats of different sexes and weights. Meat Sci 2012; 61:381-7. [PMID: 22061066 DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(01)00208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2001] [Revised: 09/17/2001] [Accepted: 10/05/2001] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the fatty acid (FA) composition of muscle and fat tissue in Omani Jebel Akhdar buck, wether and does slaughtered at 11, 18 or 28 kg body weight (BW). The fat percentage in dry matter (DM) of the subcutaneous and kidney fats ranged between 85 and 98% and that of muscle ranged between 17 and 21%. Subcutaneous fat tended to have lower DM than kidney fat. Palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) and oleic (C18:1) acids comprised the largest proportions of FA in the muscle tissue (approximately 80%) with oleic acid being the most abundant. Ninety-one percent of the total FA were contributed by the C16 and C18 fatty acids being 31.6 and 58.5%, respectively. C19 and C20 were not detected in the muscle tissue. The essential FA, C20:2, C20:3 and C20:4 contributing about 1%. Muscle tissue of the Jebel Akhdar goat contained an average 51.3% and 48.7% of saturated (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), respectively. Polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) constituted about 5% and monounsaturated (MFA) 43.5% of the total FA. Subcutaneous fat contained more total FA (68.08%) than kidney fat (48.14%) in the whole tissue. Kidney fat contained higher percentages of C16 and C18 but less C:18:1 than subcutaneous fat. The proportions of SFA to UFA was high in both fat depots with the SFA being much higher in the kidney than subcutaneous fats. C16, C18 and C:18:1c acids comprised 64.2 and 78% and C16s and C18s made up 81 and 85% of total FA in subcutaneous and kidney fats, respectively. In both subcutaneous and kidney fats, there was a trend of increasing values of DM and fat percentage with intact males having the lowest and females the highest values. Males had higher levels of C15, C18:2 and C18:3 but lower levels of C17, C18 and total C16, C18 and C18:1 in muscle tissue. Intact males had higher levels of C10, 12, 15 FA but lower C16:1 and C16+18+18:1 than others in subcutaneous fat. Intact males had a similar trend for C12 and 14 but lower SFA and higher UFA in kidney fat. There was a trend of increasing DM and fat% in dry matter with increasing body weight. C10, 12 and 14 of the kidney fat decreased with increasing slaughter weight. There was a trend of the two C16 FA decreasing and the four C18 increasing with BW in the kidney fat. This resulted in proportions of the total C16 and C18 FA increasing from 81.8 to 86.8%. These findings confirm those of other studies on goat meat quality that, as judged by fatty acid composition it is not inferior to that of meats from other farm animals.
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Katiki LM, Ferreira JFS, Gonzalez JM, Zajac AM, Lindsay DS, Chagas ACS, Amarante AFT. Anthelmintic effect of plant extracts containing condensed and hydrolyzable tannins on Caenorhabditis elegans, and their antioxidant capacity. Vet Parasitol 2012; 192:218-27. [PMID: 23102761 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although tannin-rich forages are known to increase protein uptake and to reduce gastrointestinal nematode infections in grazing ruminants, most published research involves forages with condensed tannins (CT), while published literature lacks information on the anthelmintic capacity, nutritional benefits, and antioxidant capacity of alternative forages containing hydrolyzable tannins (HT). We evaluated the anthelmintic activity and the antioxidant capacity of plant extracts containing either mostly CT, mostly HT, or both CT and HT. Extracts were prepared with 70% acetone, lyophilized, redissolved to doses ranging from 1.0mg/mL to 25mg/mL, and tested against adult Caenorhabditis elegans as a test model. The extract concentrations that killed 50% (LC(50)) or 90% (LC(90)) of the nematodes in 24h were determined and compared to the veterinary anthelmintic levamisole (8 mg/mL). Extracts were quantified for CT by the acid butanol assay, for HT (based on gallic acid and ellagic acid) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and total phenolics, and for their antioxidant activity by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Extracts with mostly CT were Lespedeza cuneata, Salix X sepulcralis, and Robinia pseudoacacia. Extracts rich in HT were Acer rubrum, Rosa multiflora, and Quercus alba, while Rhus typhina had both HT and CT. The extracts with the lowest LC(50) and LC(90) concentrations, respectively, in the C. elegans assay were Q. alba (0.75 and 1.06 mg/mL), R. typhina collected in 2007 (0.65 and 2.74 mg/mL), A. rubrum (1.03 and 5.54 mg/mL), and R. multiflora (2.14 and 8.70 mg/mL). At the doses of 20 and 25mg/mL, HT-rich, or both CT- and HT-rich, extracts were significantly more lethal to adult C. elegans than extracts containing only CT. All extracts were high in antioxidant capacity, with ORAC values ranging from 1800 μmoles to 4651 μmoles of trolox equivalents/g, but ORAC did not correlate with anthelmintic activity. The total phenolics test had a positive and highly significant (r=0.826, p ≤ 0.01) correlation with total hydrolyzable tannins. Plants used in this research are naturalized to the Appalachian edaphoclimatic conditions, but occur in temperate climate areas worldwide. They represent a rich, renewable, and unexplored source of tannins and antioxidants for grazing ruminants, whereas conventional CT-rich forages, such as L. cuneata, may be hard to establish and adapt to areas with temperate climate. Due to their high in vitro anthelmintic activity, antioxidant capacity, and their adaptability to non-arable lands, Q. alba, R. typhina, A. rubrum, and R. multiflora have a high potential to improve the health of grazing animals and must have their anthelmintic effects confirmed in vivo in both sheep and goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Katiki
- Instituto de Zootecnia (SAA-APTA), Rua Heitor Penteado 56, Nova Odessa, SP 13460-000, Brazil
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Liméa L, Alexandre G, Berthelot V. Fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissues of indigenous Caribbean goats under varying nutritional densities. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:605-15. [PMID: 22274862 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of a concentrate diet on growth, carcass fat, and fatty acid (FA) composition of muscle (supraspinatus), perirenal, and intermuscular adipose tissues of Creole goats (n = 32) were evaluated. Goats were fed a tropical green forage Digitaria decumbens ad libitum with no concentrate (G0) or 1 of 3 levels of concentrate: 140 (G100), 240 (G200), and 340 g•d(-1) (G300), respectively. Goats were slaughtered according to the standard procedure at the commercial BW (22 to 24 kg of BW). Goats fed the concentrate diets (G100, G200, and G300) had greater ADG (P < 0.001), cold carcass weights (P < 0.001), and omental (P < 0.01), perirenal (P < 0.01), and intermuscular (P < 0.01) adipose tissues weights. Dietary intake of C18:0, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6 increased as concentrate supplementation increased (P < 0.001), whereas C18:3n-3 intake was not affected (P > 0.05). Increased concentrate supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) the proportion of MUFA in all tissues and had very little effect on SFA in perirenal tissue, but increased the PUFA proportion in muscle (P < 0.05). The major effect of feeding increased concentrate was an increase in n-6 PUFA proportions in all tissues (P < 0.001) and, surprisingly, a decrease in n-3 PUFA (P < 0.001). Focusing on FA, which are supposed to have a beneficial or an adverse effect on human health, feeding increased concentrate did not increase the content of any cholesterol-increasing SFA in meat, but increased the n-6/n-3 ratio above 4 when more than 240 g of concentrate was fed per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liméa
- INRA, UR143, Recherches Zootechniques, Centre Antilles-Guyane, F-97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
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Horcada A, Ripoll G, Alcalde MJ, Sañudo C, Teixeira A, Panea B. Fatty acid profile of three adipose depots in seven Spanish breeds of suckling kids. Meat Sci 2012; 92:89-96. [PMID: 22578476 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular, subcutaneous and kidney knob fat depot fatty acid profiles were studied in 104 male suckling kids from seven Spanish breeds: Blanca Andaluza, Blanca Celtibérica, Moncaína, Negra Serrana-Castiza, Pirenaica, Malagueña and Murciano-Granadina. Kids were raised in the traditional production system on mother's milk and slaughtered at around 7kg live weight. Differences were observed between dairy (Malagueña) and meat breeds (Blanca Andaluza, Blanca Celtibérica, Moncaína, Negra Serrana-Castiza, and Pirenaica). Malagueña showed higher monounsaturated and conjugated linoleic fatty acid levels than the other breeds. Highest percentages of saturated fatty acids were observed in meat breeds. For intramuscular fat depot, the range for desirable fatty acids was 66.16-72.27% was. The influence of breed on fatty acid profiles of intramuscular, subcutaneous and kidney knob fat depots studied was evident. Intramuscular fat depot is proposed as a differentiating factor between dairy and meat breed goat kids, but not between meat breed kids.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Horcada
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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33
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Ebrahimi M, Rajion MA, Goh YM, Sazili AQ. Impact of different inclusion levels of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fronds on fatty acid profiles of goat muscles. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 96:962-9. [PMID: 21848848 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The effects of different inclusion levels of oil palm fronds (OPF) on the fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi (LD), biceps femoris (BF) and infraspinatus (IS) muscle of goats fed for 100 days are described. Twenty-four individually housed Kacang crossbred male goats (averaged 21.7 ± 0.97 kg BW) were allocated to three groups receiving either a 100% concentrate control diet (CON), diet with 25% inclusion level of OPF (HAF) or a diet with 50% inclusion of OPF. The diets were adjusted to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous and fed at 3.0% of BW daily. Samples of LD, BF and IS muscles were taken at slaughter for the determination of fatty acid profiles. The total saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the LD and BF muscles of the OPF group were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the CON group. For all muscles, C18:3n-3 and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the OPF group than the CON group with minimal impact on the C18:2n-6 and total n-6PUFA. Consequently, the n-6:n-3 ratio significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the OPF group compared to the CON group. The LD muscle had a significantly higher conjugated linoleic acid 18:2 c19t11 compared to other muscles. There were no interactions between muscle x diet except for total SFA. It is concluded that OPF at 25-50% inclusion levels may decrease the SFA and increase the n-3PUFA content in chevon, with no apparent adverse effects on the growth performance of the animals, can be used as a feed ingredient to support goat farming in countries that lack grazing pasture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ebrahimi
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Effects of dietary antioxidants on the quality, fatty acid profile, and lipid oxidation of longissimus muscle in Kacang goat with aging time. Meat Sci 2011; 88:102-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Peña F, Bonvillani A, Freire B, Juárez M, Perea J, Gómez G. Effects of genotype and slaughter weight on the meat quality of Criollo Cordobes and Anglonubian kids produced under extensive feeding conditions. Meat Sci 2009; 83:417-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sahlu T, Dawson LJ, Gipson TA, Hart SP, Merkel RC, Puchala R, Wang Z, Zeng S, Goetsch AL. ASAS Centennial Paper: Impact of animal science research on United States goat production and predictions for the future. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:400-18. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chen XJ, Mao HL, Lin J, Liu JX. Effects of supplemental soybean oil and vitamin E on carcass quality and fatty acid profiles of meat in Huzhou lamb. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/09064700802433184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Effects of Dietary Concentrate Levels Based on Whole-Crop Barley Silage on Growth and Meat Quality in Growing Korean Black Goats. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2008.50.4.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Paleari MA, Moretti VM, Beretta G, Caprino F. Chemical parameters, fatty acids and volatile compounds of salted and ripened goat thigh. Small Rumin Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ryan S, Unruh J, Corrigan M, Drouillard J, Seyfert M. Effects of concentrate level on carcass traits of Boer crossbred goats. Small Rumin Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Madruga MS, dos Santos MN, Costa RG, de Medeiros AN, do Egypto RCQ, Schuller AR, Albuquerque CLC, Galvão MS, Cavalcanti RN, Campos RJA. FAT COMPONENTS FROM PRECOOKED “BUCHADA”: AN EDIBLE GOAT MEAT BY-PRODUCT COMPONENTES DE LA GRASA DE “BUCHADA” PRECOCIDA: UN SUBPRODUCTO COMESTIBLE DE LA CARNE DE CABRA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/11358120709487700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Madruga MS, Resosemito FS, Narain N, Souza WH, Cunha MGG, Ramos JLF. EFFECT OF RAISING CONDITIONS OF GOATS ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF ITS MEAT EFECTO DE LAS CONDICIONES DE CRECIMIENTO DE CABRAS EN LA CALIDAD FISICO-QUÍMICA Y QUÍMICA DE SU CARNE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/11358120609487678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Werdi Pratiwi N, Murray P, Taylor D, Zhang D. Comparison of breed, slaughter weight and castration on fatty acid profiles in the longissimus thoracic muscle from male Boer and Australian feral goats. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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45
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Alfaia C, Ribeiro V, Lourenço M, Quaresma M, Martins S, Portugal A, Fontes C, Bessa R, Castro M, Prates J. Fatty acid composition, conjugated linoleic acid isomers and cholesterol in beef from crossbred bullocks intensively produced and from Alentejana purebred bullocks reared according to Carnalentejana-PDO specifications. Meat Sci 2006; 72:425-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2004] [Revised: 07/29/2005] [Accepted: 08/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Atti N, Mahouachi M, Rouissi H. The effect of spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica f. inermis) supplementation on growth, carcass, meat quality and fatty acid composition of male goat kids. Meat Sci 2006; 73:229-35. [PMID: 22062293 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2005] [Revised: 10/19/2005] [Accepted: 11/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of grain compared to spineless cactus feeding on goat kids growth, carcass characteristics and FA profile. For this purpose, 21 kids were used and allocated to 3 groups receiving a low quantity (200g) of oat hay. The control group received ad libitum a concentrate containing 130g crude protein (CP) per kg of dry matter (C130). The second group received half of that contained consumed by the control one but its CP content was 260g/kg DM and spineless cactus ad libitum (C260-Cac). In the third group, concentrate intake was limited to soya bean at a quantity that provided the same CP quantity as the two other groups and also cached spineless cactus was distributed ad libitum (Soya-Cac). Animals of all groups had free access to water. At the end of the growth trial which lasted for 74 days, all kids were slaughtered. Samples of longissimus dorsi muscle were used for meat quality and FA composition study. Animals in the control group and those in the C260-Cac had higher growth rate than Soya-Cac diet animals. Muscle and adipose tissue mean weights were higher in the first groups while the bone weight was similar in all treatments. Animals given Soya-Cac diet had relatively less fat (10.5%) than those fed other diets (p<0.001). Carcass fat content tended to be lower (p=0.07) in C260-Cac goats (13.5%) than in those of the C130 group (15.8%). The ultimate pH ranged between 6.18 and 6.48; it was higher in meat from control goats (C130) than in animals receiving cactus. Dietary treatment had no significant effect (p>0.05) on meat moisture, ash, crude fat and protein contents. The intra muscular lipid composition in fatty acids showed differences between the control group and those receiving cactus. Cactus in the diet was associated with more C18:2 and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as well as a higher proportion of PUFA and PUFA:SFA ratio than control ones. In conclusion, this study showed that cactus feeding of goat kids maximises the proportion of CLA, PUFA and PUFA:SFA ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Atti
- INRA-Tunisie, Laboratoire de Productions Animales et Fourragères, rue Hédi Karray, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia
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Effect of feeding on fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues in young goats raised in the Argan tree forest of Morocco. Meat Sci 2005; 71:317-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2004] [Revised: 03/03/2005] [Accepted: 04/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Effect of cashew nut supplemented diet, castration, and time of storage on fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of goat meat. Small Rumin Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Beserra F, Madruga M, Leite A, da Silva E, Maia E. Effect of age at slaughter on chemical composition of meat from Moxotó goats and their crosses. Small Rumin Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Carcass traits of Rambouillet and Merino × Rambouillet lambs and fatty acid profiles of muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissues as affected by new sheep production system. Meat Sci 2003; 65:693-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00290-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2002] [Revised: 10/29/2002] [Accepted: 10/29/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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