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Aichouni N, Amane Y, Kamaoui I, Nasri S, Skiker I. Imaging of perianal granular cell tumor with lung metastasis: A case report and literature review. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 17:314-319. [PMID: 34876957 PMCID: PMC8633828 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The granular cell tumor or Abrikossoff's tumor is a rare tumor, most often benign in evolution. Malignant forms are exceptional. We report, here, a very rare case of granular cell tumor, localized in the perianal region, in a 54-year-old woman with lung metastases. CT and MRI with contrast showed a locally advanced tumor process in the right para-anal region associated with multiple "balloon release" lung lesions. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunostaining after surgical biopsy. Very few cases of malignant granular cell tumors with lung metastasis have been reported in the literature.
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2
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Rehan S, Paracha H, Masood R, Wang R. Granular cell tumor of the abdominal wall, a case report and review of literature. AME Case Rep 2021; 5:28. [PMID: 34312607 DOI: 10.21037/acr-20-160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) on the abdominal wall are rare and present as a painless superficial abdominal mass. We report the case of a 73-year-old female, who presented to the family medicine practice with a painless subcutaneous anterior abdominal wall mass. Ultrasound showed a 0.9×0.5×1.3 cm3 hyperechoic solid lesion with distal shadowing within the subcutaneous tissue of the anterior abdominal wall. The X-ray did not show any calcification within the subcutaneous tissue which ruled out metastatic calcified lesions. The patient was referred to general surgery for further evaluation. A previous computed tomography (CT) revealed a nonspecific 12 mm lesion involving the skin and subcutaneous fat in the right upper quadrant of the anterior abdominal wall. The lesion was excised under local anesthesia and sent for histopathological analysis. CD68 highlighted the multitude of macrophages microscopically. Histopathology demonstrated CKAE1/AE3 was negative for any epithelial components and S100 was diffusely positive. A final diagnosis of GCT was made. On follow-up, the patient underwent excision of the scar tissue with no evidence of atypia or GCT. This case is unique due to its benign presentation and limited reported literature. Further evaluation of a painless subcutaneous lesion is imperative to rule out rare conditions and the possibility of recurrent or metastatic malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Rehan
- University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Paracha
- International American University College of Medicine, Vieux Fort, Saint Lucia
| | - Rehan Masood
- Department of General Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Robby Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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3
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Benzaquen S, Kaini N, Gupta E, Litwin D, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Aragaki-Nakahodo A. Women Presenting With Asthma and Persistent Wheezing: A Case Series. Chest 2021; 159:e267-e275. [PMID: 34022030 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Benzaquen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Navin Kaini
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Ena Gupta
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Dianne Litwin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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4
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Lara Martínez MF, Díaz Silván A, Vilahomat Hernández O, Cabello García D, Allende Riera AJ. 18F-FDG PET/CT Assessment of Malignant Granular Cell Tumor of the Soft Tissue. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:223-224. [PMID: 33323734 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Malignant granular cell tumor variant is rare and even more if lower extremities are involved. We present a rare case with images of 18F-FDG PET/CT showing 2 hypermetabolic lesions on the right tight with an elevated SUVmax value of 7.50 and 2 adenopathies with an SUVmax almost as high as the lesions. Histopathologic sample after complete excision confirmed malignant granular cell tumor with lymph node metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia Díaz Silván
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Olga Vilahomat Hernández
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Dolores Cabello García
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ana Julia Allende Riera
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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5
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Krutsri C, Iwai T, Kida M, Imaizumi H, Kawano T, Tadehara M, Watanabe M, Okuwaki K, Yamauchi H, Wasaburo K. Pancreatic granular cell tumor diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy. Clin J Gastroenterol 2019; 12:347-354. [PMID: 30725445 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-019-00941-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare and making an imaging diagnosis of pancreatic GCT is difficult because it has no definite characteristics on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) owing to varying findings. We report about a 32-year-old woman who presented with an incidental finding of a pancreatic tumor with a past history of excision of a right forearm GCT nodule 12 years ago. CE-CT revealed a 23-mm-sized homogeneous low enhancement tumor in the arterial phase in the pancreatic body. Abdominal MRI revealed a lobulated hypointense mass in T1WI and high signal in DWI. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed that the tumor was oval, hypoechoic with posterior echo enhancement, and had a well-defined border. Although EUS-guided fine needle aspiration revealed benign granular cells of the pancreas, she underwent laparoscopic surgery because the metastatic tumor from the past lesion was not excluded. The pathological finding was benign GCT of the pancreas and it was considered as an original lesion. In the previous reports, most of the resected cases were considered to be pancreatic cancer or neuroendocrine tumor preoperatively. Compared to CE-CT and MRI, EUS imaging and EUS-FNA are more reliable diagnosis tools for pancreatic GCT. Although malignant GCT accounts for approximately 1-2% of all cases, surgical resection or strict follow-up should be considered because it is difficult to predict its biological behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonlada Krutsri
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tomohisa Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Kida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imaizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kawano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tadehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okuwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koizumi Wasaburo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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6
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Malignant granular cell tumor of the median nerve: a case report with a literature review of 157 cases. Skeletal Radiol 2019; 48:307-316. [PMID: 29980826 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-018-3017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Malignant granular cell tumors are an extremely rare, high-grade sarcoma with a schwannian phenotype and are composed of malignant granular cells with cytoplasmic lysosomal inclusion. To date, 157 cases of malignant granular cell tumors have been reported. We report the first case of a malignant granular cell tumor arising from the digital nerve to the median nerve in the palm, and we review the 157 previously reported cases and summarize the clinical profile, treatment, and outcome of this tumor. The median age, tumor size, and follow-up periods were 51 years, 6 cm, and 24 months respectively. With respect to the oncological result, 53 patients (33.8%) had no evidence for disease, 31 (19.7%) were alive with the disease, and 51 (32.5%) died because of the disease. Our case report indicates that rare malignant tumors can arise from the digital nerve to the median nerve in the palm, an anatomical site that is usually affected by benign lesions. Exhaustive discussions between surgeons and pathologists are necessary for the treatment of this rare malignant tumor.
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7
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Cui Y, Tong SS, Zhang YH, Li HT. Granular cell tumor: A report of three cases and review of literature. Cancer Biomark 2018; 23:173-178. [PMID: 30223384 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hongqi Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shan-Shan Tong
- Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hongqi Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui-Ting Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hongqi Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
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8
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sasikumar Kilaikode
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Health System, George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Anastassios C Koumbourlis
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Health System, George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
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9
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Deskoulidi P, Koufopoulos N, Diamantopoulos P, Basagiannis E, Maltzaris N, Nikolaidou T, Kydonakis M, Kotrotsiou M, Benetatos K, Arnogiannaki N, Stavrianos S. Intramuscular granular cell tumor of the gluteal region. J Surg Case Rep 2018; 2018:rjy004. [PMID: 29423168 PMCID: PMC5798141 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are uncommon, usually benign neoplasms, mainly observed in the head and neck region, chest wall and upper extremities. These tumors account for ~0.5% of all soft-tissue tumors. Less than 2% are malignant. These are associated with poor prognosis. Clinical signs suspicious for malignancy are large size, rapid growth, invasion, recurrence and metastasis. Malignancy is confirmed by histological examination. We present the case of a 79-year-old patient with a 6-month history of a rapidly growing mass in the left gluteal region giving the clinical impression of a malignant tumor. The patient underwent surgical excision of the tumor and the pathology report revealed a granular cell tumor. In difficult cases, multidisciplinary approach is necessary for appropriate diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthena Deskoulidi
- Plastic Surgery Department, St. Savvas Cancer Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Nikolaos Maltzaris
- Plastic Surgery Department, St. Savvas Cancer Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Thaleia Nikolaidou
- Plastic Surgery Department, St. Savvas Cancer Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Kydonakis
- Plastic Surgery Department, St. Savvas Cancer Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kotrotsiou
- Plastic Surgery Department, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Niki Arnogiannaki
- Pathology Department, St. Savvas Cancer Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spiros Stavrianos
- Plastic Surgery Department, St. Savvas Cancer Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
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10
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Jia X, Chen C, Chen L, Yu C, Kondo T. Large malignant granular cell tumor with suprascapular nerve and brachial plexus invasion: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8531. [PMID: 29095317 PMCID: PMC5682836 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Malignant granular cell tumor is a kind of rare and highly aggressive malignant tumor that commonly occurs in lower extremity, trunk, and peritoneal cavity. Huge malignant granular cell tumor (MGCT) with suprascapular nerve and brachial plexus invasion was extremely rare. PATIENT CONCERNS We present a special case of a 48-year-old orthopedist who suffered from MGCT. The orthopedist had regarded that he suffered from scapulohumeral periarthritis. DIAGNOSES The disease was noticed until a painless mass on his right neck was discovered 9 months later. MRI result confirmed a large occupying in axillary fossa, supraclavicular and infraclavicular region. INTERVENTIONS During the operation, a tumor measuring 22 × 13 × 6 cm with suprascapular nerve and brachial plexus invasion was identified. The tumor was fractional resected carefully to maintain the integrity of nerves and vessels. Lymph nodes were simultaneously resected. OUTCOMES The motor function and sensation of the upper extremity were same to that of preoperation. The postoperative histological diagnosis was MGCT. At a 12-month follow-up, there was no recurrence of the tumor showed by MRI. LESSONS This study presents a rare case of large MGCT with suprascapular nerve and brachial plexus invasion that was successfully managed by surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Jia
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Putuo District Center Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery
| | - Cong Yu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Tumor de células granulares del esófago: reporte de un caso. REPERTORIO DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGÍA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reper.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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12
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Granular Cell Tumor of Rectum: A Very Rare Entity. Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2017; 2017:3795482. [PMID: 28255473 PMCID: PMC5306986 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3795482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are predominantly benign, occurring more commonly in women, with about 10% developing in the gastrointestinal tract. Rectal location of this tumor is very rare. We herein report one such case of a 61-year-old man with granular cell tumor in the rectum who underwent endoscopic curative resection.
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13
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Primary cutaneous malignant granular cell tumor: an immunohistochemical study and review of the literature. Am J Dermatopathol 2016; 37:334-40. [PMID: 25794371 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon soft tissue tumors characterized by cytoplasmic granular appearance of the neoplastic cells. Malignant granular cell tumors (MGCTs) comprise less than 2% of GCTs and are mostly found in the subcutaneous soft tissues of the lower extremities, especially the thighs. Very few cases have been reported in the skin. The uncommon occurrence of cutaneous MGCTs and their histopathologic similarities with their benign counterpart make difficult the diagnosis of this particular malignancy. We describe a primary cutaneous MGCT that presented as a left posterior chest wall mass in a 51-year-old woman. Local excision was performed for the primary tumor, which was first interpreted as an atypical GCT, but 3 months later a left axillary mass appeared, and subsequent axillary lymph node dissection demonstrated metastatic disease in 4 of 12 excised lymph nodes. We report the immunophenotype of this primary cutaneous MGCT, which was studied with an ample panel of antibodies and compare our results with those of the few previously reported cases in the skin and subcutaneous soft tissues.
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14
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Granular Cell Tumor of Breast: a Case Report and Review of Literature. Indian J Surg Oncol 2015; 6:446-8. [PMID: 27065673 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-015-0455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This is an article reporting a case of granular cell tumor in the left breast in a 58 year old lady. Patient presented with a 3 × 3 cm mass in the left breast. Mammography reported a BIRADS 5 lesion in the left breast. With a clinical and radiological diagnosis of malignancy, patient was sent for FNAC (Fine needle aspiration Cytology). The cytology report was granular cell tumor. Following this patient underwent wide excision of the mass. Histopathology confirmed the cytological diagnosis of granular cell tumor of the breast. Patient is on regular follow up and is presently free of disease. The case report is followed up by a brief review of literature of granular cell tumor of the breast.
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15
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Ooms H, Pelckmans PA, Van Outryve S, Driessen A, Moreels TG. Endoscopic resection of two rare esophageal tumors. J Gastrointest Cancer 2015; 46:170-4. [PMID: 25675949 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-015-9687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Ooms
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium,
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Aviles S, Tay T, Jones WD, Thirkannad S. INTRANEURAL MALIGNANT GRANULAR CELL TUMOR — REPORT OF AN EXTREMELY RARE TUMOR IN A CHILD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:103-7. [DOI: 10.1142/s0218810414720046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of intraneural malignant granular cell tumor of the upper extremity occurring in a child. This is an exceedingly rare tumor and the incidence has so far been reported only in adults. The tumor was successfully treated surgically and the patient has remained tumor free to date. We describe our approach to the problem so that it will serve as an index case for similar encounters in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Aviles
- Christine M Kleinert Institute for Hand & Microsurgery, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Terrence Tay
- Christine M Kleinert Institute for Hand & Microsurgery, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - W. D. Jones
- Christine M Kleinert Institute for Hand & Microsurgery, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Sunil Thirkannad
- Christine M Kleinert Institute for Hand & Microsurgery, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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17
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Tumeur à cellules granuleuses : à propos d’une localisation vulvaire compliquée de métastases pulmonaires. Cancer Radiother 2013; 17:671-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Aoyama K, Kamio T, Hirano A, Seshimo A, Kameoka S. Granular cell tumors: a report of six cases. World J Surg Oncol 2012; 10:204. [PMID: 23021251 PMCID: PMC3502223 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-10-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumor is a soft tissue neoplasm that originates in the nervous system and arises at virtually any body site, but is mainly found in the skin, oral cavity or digestive tract. Most are benign and reportedly malignant cases are rare, occurring in only 1% or 2% of cases. We report on our findings in six patients who developed granular cell tumor in the mammary gland, esophagus, subcutaneous tissue and muscle. Of six patients, two had granular cell tumor located in the breast, two in the submucosa of the esophagus, and the other two under the skin of the left axillary cavity and in the right latissimus dorsi muscle, respectively. One of the two patients with tumor in the submucosa of the esophagus also had esophageal cancer. Patients' age ranged from 41 to 70 years (average, 59.1 years). Two patients with tumor in the submucosa of the esophagus were men, and the others were women. All of them were given a diagnosis of granular cell tumor by tissue biopsy and examination of excised specimens, but no evidence of malignancy was found. No recurrence has been noted in the patients who underwent surgical tumor removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Aoyama
- Department of Surgery II, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
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19
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Ng SB, Chuah KL. Fine needle aspiration cytology of metastatic malignant granular cell tumour: a case report and review of the literature. Cytopathology 2002; 13:164-70. [PMID: 12060079 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2303.2002.00392.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S B Ng
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
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20
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Wieczorek TJ, Krane JF, Domanski HA, Akerman M, Carlén B, Misdraji J, Granter SR. Cytologic findings in granular cell tumors, with emphasis on the diagnosis of malignant granular cell tumor by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Cancer 2001; 93:398-408. [PMID: 11748580 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.10143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon tumors of putative schwannian derivation that are rarely malignant. Although recent studies have addressed a histologic correlation with malignant behavior, similar studies have not been done on cytologic material. METHODS The authors evaluated 3 malignant GCTs and 17 benign GCTs (comprising 17 fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples and 3 samples from direct scrapes) for the following cytologic features: hyperchromasia; coarse chromatin; nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio; nuclear pleomorphism; and vesicular nuclei with enlarged nucleoli, mitoses, necrosis, and spindle cell morphology. RESULTS Hyperchromasia, coarse chromatin, increased N/C ratio, nuclear pleomorphism, and vesicular nuclei with enlarged nucleoli and spindle cell morphology were associated the most closely with malignancy when they were present throughout the cytologic sample. All were diffusely present in three of three malignant tumors, except vesicular nuclei and spindle cell morphology, which were present diffusely in two tumors and focally in one tumor. By contrast, although one to five of these features were present focally in 8 of 17 benign GCTs, none was present diffusely in any benign GCTs, with one exception, which had a combination of focal nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromasia together with diffuse vesicular nuclei, large nucleoli, and coarse chromatin. The N/C ratio in this tumor was not increased, and there were no spindle cells or mitoses. Mitoses were present in 2 of 3 malignant GCTs and absent from all 17 benign GCTs. Necrosis was not seen in any tumors. CONCLUSIONS Malignant GCTs have characteristic cytologic features that differ from those of benign GCTs. However, morphologic heterogeneity precludes definitive classification of some tumors by cytologic features alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Wieczorek
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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21
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Cruz-Mojarrieta J, Navarro S, Goméz-Cabrera E, Peréz-Peña L, Soriano P, Peydró-Oyala A, Llombart-Bosch A. Malignant granular cell tumor of soft tissues: a study of two new cases. Int J Surg Pathol 2001; 9:255-9. [PMID: 11584326 DOI: 10.1177/106689690100900315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We describe 2 cases of malignant granular cell tumor. A marked discrepancy exists concerning the criteria of malignancy of this rare entity, which was diagnosed in male patients aged 41 and 52 years, respectively. They presented with tumors measuring more then 3.5 cm; one arose in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in the region of the scapula, whereas the other was situated in deeper soft tissue in the pelvis. One case, with previous diagnosis of benign granular cell tumor, presented local recurrence 2 years after the initial diagnosis. The other case presented a fascicular pattern of growth invading adjacent muscular tissue. Both neoplasms were composed of polygonal and spindle cells, showing abundant cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei with large nucleoli, high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, and pleomorphism. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells of both cases were positive for vimentin, S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and CD68. In addition, high expression of p53 and MiB1 (Ki67) was detected. Herein, we discuss the morphologic and immunohistochemical criteria of malignancy of granular cell tumors. Int J Surg Pathol 9(3):255-259, 2001
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Abstract
Granular cell tumors are uncommon tumors that may arise from various soft tissue and visceral sites. These lesions often are multifocal but, with rare exceptions, are benign. Much of the literature on granular cell tumors is based on case reports mostly in the otolaryngology literature, and most series are limited to histopathologic studies. There are no documented series of cases in the orthopaedic literature. Granular cell tumors do occur in the extremities; thus, patients with a peripheral granular cell tumor may be referred to an orthopaedist. Ten cases of benign granular cell tumor treated at the authors' institution between 1993 and 1999 are reported. Five tumors of the thigh and one tumor of the groin were treated with wide excision, whereas three tumors of the hand and one tumor of the elbow were treated with marginal resection. Although two tumors treated with attempted wide excision had positive margins, none of the tumors have recurred after an average followup of 27 months. The presentation, radiography, histologic findings, and treatment of benign granular cell tumors that distinguish it from other soft tissue lesions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Elkousy
- Division of Orthopaedics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Kasashima S, Oda Y, Nozaki J, Shirasaki M, Nakanishi I. A case of atypical granular cell tumor of the neurohypophysis. Pathol Int 2000; 50:568-73. [PMID: 10886742 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2000.01080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A case of granular cell tumor (GCT) arising in the neurohypophysis of a 63-year-old woman is reported. The tumor consisted of ovoid, polygonal or spindle-shaped cells in a sheet-like or fascicular arrangement. Its abundant cytoplasm contained granules positive for diastase-resistant periodic acid-Schiff reaction. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells contained numerous polymorphic lysosomes of various densities. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein and Leu7, suggesting that the tumor originated from pituicytes that were thought to be modified astrocytes in the neurohypophysis and its stalk. The granular cells showed nuclear atypia, pleomorphism and increased mitotic activity. Therefore, the present tumor was considered as a histologically atypical GCT. Interestingly, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67 and p53 were stained in a few tumor cells of this case. These findings indicate that the present tumor had a malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kasashima
- First Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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24
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Abstract
As the name suggests, the histogenesis of the granular cell tumor is uncertain, but this intriguing neoplasm has occasioned much speculation and controversy since its description in 1926 as a myoblastoma. Though ubiquitous in its anatomic location, it is usually small, solitary, benign, and readily recognized by routine light microscopy, and questions concerning it are principally academic. However, a small number of cases are malignant and they can be difficult to identify in paraffin sections. The combined input from immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy has greatly clarified understanding of the morphology of this lesion and both methods are helpful when the differential diagnosis is a problem. The cell of origin is still undecided, and although distinct neural features argue for Schwannian origin, the noncommittal term granular cell tumor continues to be appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Ordóñez
- The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA
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