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Jiang T, Yan S, Zhang S, Yin Q, Chen XD, Wu WD. Uniform lactose microspheres with high crystallinity fabricated by micro-fluidic spray drying technology combined with post-treatment process. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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2
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Probing Critical Physical Properties of Lactose-Polyethylene Glycol Microparticles in Pulmonary Delivery of Chitosan Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101581. [PMID: 34683876 PMCID: PMC8538302 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery of chitosan nanoparticles is met with nanoparticle agglomeration and exhalation. Admixing lactose-based microparticles (surface area-weighted diameter~5 μm) with nanoparticles mutually reduces particle agglomeration through surface adsorption phenomenon. Lactose-polyethylene glycol (PEG) microparticles with different sizes, morphologies and crystallinities were prepared by a spray drying method using varying PEG molecular weights and ethanol contents. The chitosan nanoparticles were similarly prepared. In vitro inhalation performance and peripheral lung deposition of chitosan nanoparticles were enhanced through co-blending with larger lactose-PEG microparticles with reduced specific surface area. These microparticles had reduced inter-microparticle interaction, thereby promoting microparticle–nanoparticle interaction and facilitating nanoparticles flow into peripheral lung.
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Umerska A, Mugheirbi NA, Kasprzak A, Saulnier P, Tajber L. Carbohydrate-based Trojan microparticles as carriers for pulmonary delivery of lipid nanocapsules using dry powder inhalation. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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4
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Alhajj N, Zakaria Z, Naharudin I, Ahsan F, Li W, Wong TW. Critical physicochemical attributes of chitosan nanoparticles admixed lactose-PEG 3000 microparticles in pulmonary inhalation. Asian J Pharm Sci 2019; 15:374-384. [PMID: 32636955 PMCID: PMC7327774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles are exhalation prone and agglomerative to pulmonary inhalation. Blending nanoparticles with lactose microparticles (∼5 µm) could mutually reduce their agglomeration through surface adsorption phenomenon. The chitosan nanoparticles of varying size, size distribution, zeta potential, crystallinity, shape and surface roughness were prepared by spray drying technique as a function of chitosan, surfactant and processing conditions. Lactose-polyethylene glycol 3000 (PEG3000) microparticles were similarly prepared. The chitosan nanoparticles, physically blended with fine lactose-PEG3000 microparticles, exhibited a comparable inhalation performance with the commercial dry powder inhaler products (fine particle fraction between 20% and 30%). Cascade impactor analysis indicated that the aerosolization and inhalation performance of chitosan nanoparticles was promoted by their higher zeta potential and circularity, and larger size attributes of which led to reduced inter-nanoparticulate aggregation and favored nanoparticles interacting with lactose-PEG3000 micropaticles that aided their delivery into deep and peripheral lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Alhajj
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia.,Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Zabliza Zakaria
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia.,Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Idanawati Naharudin
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia.,Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Fakhrul Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo 79106, USA
| | - Wenji Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Tin Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia.,Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
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Pinto JT, Zellnitz S, Guidi T, Roblegg E, Paudel A. Assessment of Dry Powder Inhaler Carrier Targeted Design: A Comparative Case Study of Diverse Anomeric Compositions and Physical Properties of Lactose. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2827-2839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana T. Pinto
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah Zellnitz
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tomaso Guidi
- R&D Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Largo F. Belloli 11/A, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Sansone F, Esposito T, Mencherini T, Lauro MR, Del Gaudio P, Picerno P, Pepe G, Aquino RP. Particle technology applied to a lactose/NaCMC blend: Production and characterization of a novel and stable spray-dried ingredient. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Nežić I, Sander A, Meštrović E, Čavužić D. Production of stable amorphous form by means of spray drying. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2017.1417936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Nežić
- Department of Mechanical and Thermal Process Engineering, Pliva Croatia Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandra Sander
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ernest Meštrović
- Department of Mechanical and Thermal Process Engineering, Pliva Croatia Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dražen Čavužić
- Department of Mechanical and Thermal Process Engineering, Pliva Croatia Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
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Werdin González JO, Jesser EN, Yeguerman CA, Ferrero AA, Fernández Band B. Polymer nanoparticles containing essential oils: new options for mosquito control. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:17006-17015. [PMID: 28580545 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors of important parasites and pathogens causing death, poverty and social disability worldwide. The overuse of synthetic insecticides to control mosquito vectors lead to resistance, adverse environmental effects and high operational costs. Therefore, the development of eco-friendly control tools is an important public health challenge. In this study, two different essential oils (EO) (geranium, Geranium maculatum, and bergamot, Citrus bergamia) loaded polymeric nanoparticle (PN) were elaborated using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and chitosan (Qx) as the polymeric matrix/coating. In addition, the mosquito larvicidal acute and residual activity of the PN was evaluated on Culex pipiens pipiens. The physicochemical characterization of PN revealed that PEG-PN had sizes <255 nm and encapsulation efficiency between 68 and 77%; Qx-PN showed sizes <535 nm and encapsulation efficiency between 22 and 38%. From the toxicological test, it was observed that Qx-PN produced higher acute and residual activity than PEG-PN. Overall, this study highlights that polymer nanoparticles containing essential oil are a promising source of eco-friendly mosquito larvicidal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Omar Werdin González
- FIA Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Section, INQUISUR-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Emiliano Nicolás Jesser
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, INBIOSUR-CONICET, San Juan 670 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristhian Alan Yeguerman
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Alicia Ferrero
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, INBIOSUR-CONICET, San Juan 670 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Fernández Band
- FIA Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Section, INQUISUR-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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9
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Ho TM, Truong T, Bhandari BR. Methods to characterize the structure of food powders – a review. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:651-671. [PMID: 28077060 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1274643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Food powders can exist in amorphous, crystalline or mixed structure depending on the order of molecular arrangement in the powder particle matrices. In food production, the structure of powders has a greatly effect on their stability, functionality, and applicability. The undesirable structure of powders can be accidentally formed during production. Therefore, characterization of powder structure as well as quantification of amorphous–crystalline proportions presenting in the powders are essential to control the quality of products during storage and further processing. For these purposes, many analytical techniques with large differences in the degree of selectivity and sensitivity have been developed. In this review, differences in the structure of food powders are described with a focus being placed on applications of amorphous powders. Essentially, applicability of common analytical techniques including X-ray, microscopic, vapor adsorption, thermal, and spectroscopic approaches for quantitative and qualitative structural characterization of food powders is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao M Ho
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tuyen Truong
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bhesh R Bhandari
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Woo MW, Lee MG, Shakiba S, Mansouri S. Controlling in situ crystallization of pharmaceutical particles within the spray dryer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:1315-1324. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1269077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wai Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - May Ginn Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Soroush Shakiba
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Shahnaz Mansouri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Singh A, Van den Mooter G. Spray drying formulation of amorphous solid dispersions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 100:27-50. [PMID: 26705850 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Spray drying is a well-established manufacturing technique which can be used to formulate amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) which is an effective strategy to deliver poorly water soluble drugs (PWSDs). However, the inherently complex nature of the spray drying process coupled with specific characteristics of ASDs makes it an interesting area to explore. Numerous diverse factors interact in an inter-dependent manner to determine the final product properties. This review discusses the basic background of ASDs, various formulation and process variables influencing the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the ASDs and aspects of downstream processing. Also various aspects of spray drying such as instrumentation, thermodynamics, drying kinetics, particle formation process and scale-up challenges are included. Recent advances in the spray-based drying techniques are mentioned along with some future avenues where major research thrust is needed.
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12
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Structural investigation of spherical hollow excipient Mannit Q by X-ray microtomography. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:140-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Wang S, Li J, Lin X, Feng Y, Kou X, Babu S, Panicucci R. Novel coprocessed excipients composed of lactose, HPMC, and PVPP for tableting and its application. Int J Pharm 2015; 486:370-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Sander A, Penović T. Droplet Size Distribution Obtained by Atomization with Two-Fluid Nozzles in a Spray Dryer. Chem Eng Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201400185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Werdin González JO, Gutiérrez MM, Ferrero AA, Fernández Band B. Essential oils nanoformulations for stored-product pest control - characterization and biological properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 100:130-8. [PMID: 24359912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The lethal and sublethal activity of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) nanoparticles containing essential oils (EO), also the physicochemical characterization, were determined against Tribolium castaneum and Rhizopertha dominica. The 10% ratio EO-PEG nanoparticles showed an average diameter<235 nm (PDI<0.280) and a loading efficacy>75%; after 6 month of storage their size did not change significantly and the amount of the EOs decreased 25%, approximately. Furthermore, during this period, no chemical derivates were observed. The EOs nanoparticles produced a notable increase of the residual contact toxicity apparently due to the slow and persistent release of the active terpenes. In addition, the nanoformulation enhanced the EO contact toxicity and altered the nutritional physiology of both stored product pest. The results indicated that these novel systems could be used in integrated pest management program for T. castaneum and R. dominica control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Omar Werdin González
- FIA Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Section, INQUISUR-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María Mercedes Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Alicia Ferrero
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Fernández Band
- FIA Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Section, INQUISUR-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Penović T, Sander A, Grozdanić V. Spray Drying of Aqueous Solutions of Inorganic and Organic Materials. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2013.772547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Desai SS, Aher AA, Kadaskar PT. Methods for reduction of cohesive forces between carrier and drug in DPI formulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:1589-98. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.728229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Gaisford S. Isothermal microcalorimetry for quantifying amorphous content in processed pharmaceuticals. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:431-9. [PMID: 22100528 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Many processing steps can result in generation of partially amorphous materials. While the fraction of disorder may be low (typically up to 5% w/w) its location primarily on particle surfaces means its effects might be significant, especially in regard to powder flow and force of adhesion. Quantification of small amorphous contents is thus becoming an important part of product development. Isothermal microcalorimetry can be used as an assay for amorphous content by controlling the relative humidity or relative vapour pressure in the sample ampoule. The technique is very sensitive (typically detecting less than 1% w/w amorphous content) and universally applicable to pharmaceutical powders. However method design and data interpretation are critical factors in successful assay design. This article discusses methods and techniques and reviews current pharmaceutical applications to aid assay design.
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Edrisi Sormoli M, Imtiaz Ul Islam M, Langrish T. The effect of chitosan hydrogen bonding on lactose crystallinity during spray drying. J FOOD ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Development of potential novel cushioning agents for the compaction of coated multi-particulates by co-processing micronized lactose with polymers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:406-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Preparation of spray-dried microparticles using Gelucire 44/14 and porous calcium silicate or spherical microcrystalline cellulose to enhance transport of water-insoluble pranlukast hemihydrate across Caco-2 monolayers. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2010.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Sander A, Penović T, Šipušić J. Crystallization of β-glycine by spray drying. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201000561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Hamishehkar H, Emami J, Najafabadi AR, Gilani K, Minaiyan M, Mahdavi H, Nokhodchi A. Effect of carrier morphology and surface characteristics on the development of respirable PLGA microcapsules for sustained-release pulmonary delivery of insulin. Int J Pharm 2010; 389:74-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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26
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Mizoe T, Ozeki T, Okada H. Application of a four-fluid nozzle spray drier to prepare inhalable rifampicin-containing mannitol microparticles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2008; 9:755-61. [PMID: 18563576 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-008-9109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to use a four-fluid nozzle spray drier as a new one-step method for preparing rifampicin (RFP)-containing mannitol microparticles. A RFP-acetone/methanol (2:1) solution and aqueous solutions of mannitol (MAN) were simultaneously supplied through different liquid passages of a four-fluid nozzle spray drier and then dried to obtain MAN microparticles containing RFP. Using a cascade impactor, the in vitro aerosol performance of RFP powder and RFP-MAN microparticles with 1:5, 1:10, and 1:20 ratios was compared. The in vivo retention of RFP in the lungs of rats after intratracheal administration of 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles was also compared. The RFP-MAN microparticles had better aerosol performance than RFP powder and delivery to the lung stages improved as the fraction of MAN was increased. For the 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles, deposition in stages 2-7 was approximately 43%, which is sufficient for treatment. Approximately 8% of the RFP-MAN microparticles were deposited in stages 6-7, which corresponds to alveoli containing alveolar macrophages. The initial retention of RFP in the lung following pulmonary delivery of 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles was higher than following oral or intravenous administration of RFP, but the elimination was rapid, resulting in the disappearance of RFP from the lung within 4 h. The plasma concentration-time profile of RFP after intratracheal administration of 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles was consistent with the profile for RFP retention in the lung. Addition of cholesterol or phosphatidylcholine to RFP had little effect on its retention in the lung. The RFP-MAN microparticles were effective for delivery of RFP to the lung, but the RFP rapidly removed from the lung into the blood circulation. This study demonstrated that RFP-containing MAN microparticles prepared in one step using the four-fluid nozzle spray drier efficiently deliver RFP to the lung, although methods must be developed to prolong its retention and improve targeting to alveolar macrophages.
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Chiou D, Langrish T, Braham R. The effect of temperature on the crystallinity of lactose powders produced by spray drying. J FOOD ENG 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rane YM, Mashru RC, Sankalia MG, Sutariya VB, Shah PP. Investigations on factors affecting chitosan for dissolution enhancement of oxcarbazepine by spray dried microcrystal formulation with an experimental design approach. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 33:1008-23. [PMID: 17891588 DOI: 10.1080/03639040601179749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present work effect of chitosan on microcrystal formulation for dissolution enhancement of oxcarbazepine using controlled crystallization technique coupled with spray drying was explored. The work was extended for exploration of simplified approach for stable particle size reduction. The study was performed with an experimental design approach i. e. a fractional factorial design of resolution 5 (with all 2 factor interaction) for the screening of predefined independent variables drug concentration, chitosan concentration, feed rate, inlet temperature and percent aspiration for spray drying. Whereas percent drug dissolved, wettability time, flowability in terms of angle of repose and particle size were designated as response variables. Resultant models were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis, which generated equation to plot response surface curves along with desirability function. Results showed that chitosan concentration had significant effect on dissolution enhancement of oxcarbazepine at a level of 2% w/v. Increase in drug concentration showed decreased dissolution rate however on particle size it did not show statistically significant effect. Topographical characterization was carried out by SEM which showed that feed rate, percent aspiration and inlet temperature had significant effect on particle morphology. For deriving optimized formulation results were analyzed using desirability function for the maximum percent drug dissolved and least drug polymer matrix particle size. DSC studies showed that drug was molecularly associated with chitosan matrix or particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh M Rane
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M S University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Mizoe T, Ozeki T, Okada H. Preparation of drug nanoparticle-containing microparticles using a 4-fluid nozzle spray drier for oral, pulmonary, and injection dosage forms. J Control Release 2007; 122:10-5. [PMID: 17655963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2007] [Revised: 05/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We prepared microparticles containing nanoparticles of water-insoluble pranlukast hemihydrate (PLH) using a 4-fluid nozzle spray drier. These particles were designed to improve the absorption of PLH and to allow delivery by oral, pulmonary, and injection routes. Mannitol (MAN) was used as a water-soluble carrier for the microparticles. We orally administered suspensions of PLH powder and PLH-MAN microparticles to rats. We also compared the in vitro aerosol performance of the PLH powder and PLH-MAN microparticles using a cascade impactor, and we compared the delivery of PLH by oral administration of PLH powder and pulmonary delivery of PLH-MAN microparticles at PLH/MAN ratios of 1:4 and 1:10. The absorption of PLH was markedly enhanced by pulmonary deliver of PLH-MAN composite microparticles. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve per dose for pulmonary administration of the 1:4 and 1:10 PLH-MAN microparticles was approximately 85- and 100-fold higher, respectively, than for oral administration of PLH powder. Also, we found that PLH rapidly disappeared from the plasma following injection of PLH aqueous solution or PLH-MAN microparticles dissolved in water. The PLH particles remaining after dissolution of MAN from the 1:10 PLH-MAN microparticles were 200 nm in diameter. Therefore, PLH particles may be captured immediately after injection by reticuloendothelial tissues such as the liver and spleen. This study demonstrated that it is possible to use the 4-fluid spray drier to prepare microparticles containing PLH nanoparticles that that improve drug absorption and can be administered by oral, pulmonary, and injection routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Mizoe
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
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Mizoe T, Beppu S, Ozeki T, Okada H. One-step preparation of drug-containing microparticles to enhance the dissolution and absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs using a 4-fluid nozzle spray drier. J Control Release 2007; 120:205-10. [PMID: 17582644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We studied the use of a 4-fluid nozzle spray drier as a new one-step method for preparing drug-containing microparticles to enhance the dissolution and absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs. We employed ethenzamide (EZ) and flurbiprofen (FP) as poorly water-soluble drugs and lactose (LAC) and mannitol (MAN) as water-soluble carriers for microparticles. EZ-ethanol or FP-acetone/methanol (2:1) solutions and aqueous solutions of LAC or MAN were simultaneously supplied through different liquid passages of a 4-fluid nozzle spray drier and then dried to obtain LAC or MAN microparticles containing EZ or FP. The dissolution of EZ from the EZ/LAC and EZ/MAN microparticles was much faster than that from EZ powder. The dissolution of EZ was more rapid from the EZ/MAN microparticles than the EZ/LAC microparticles. The dissolution of FP from the FP/MAN microparticles was greatly enhanced because of large effective surface area of FP dispersed in microparticles following rapid dissolution of MAN. The absorption of FP after oral administration of the FP/MAN microparticles to rats was markedly increased. The results demonstrate that the 4-fluid nozzle spray drier can be used for the one-step preparation of drug-containing microparticles that enhance the dissolution and absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs and that overcome the problem of finding a common solvent for drugs and carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Mizoe
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
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Nieuwmeyer FJS, Damen M, Gerich A, Rusmini F, van der Voort Maarschalk K, Vromans H. Granule Characterization During Fluid Bed Drying by Development of a Near Infrared Method to Determine Water Content and Median Granule Size. Pharm Res 2007; 24:1854-61. [PMID: 17484041 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Water content and granule size are recognized as critical process and product quality parameters during drying. The purpose of this study was to enlighten the granule behavior during fluid bed drying by monitoring the major events i.e. changes in water content and granule size. METHODS NIR spectra collected during drying and water content of sampled granules were correlated by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). NIR spectra of dried granules were correlated to median granule size in a second PCA and PLSR. RESULTS The NIR water model discriminates between various stages in fluid-bed drying. The water content can be continuously predicted with errors comparable to the reference method. The four PLS factors of the granule size model are related to primary particle size of lactose, median granule size exceeding primary particle size and amorphous content of granules. The small prediction errors enable size discrimination between fines and granules. CONCLUSION For product quality reasons, discrimination between drying stages and end-point monitoring is highly important. Together with the possibilities to determine median granule size and to distinguish fines this approach provides a tool to design an optimal drying process.
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Haque MK, Roos YH. Crystallization and X-ray Diffraction of Crystals Formed in Water-Plasticized Amorphous Spray-dried and Freeze-dried Lactose/Protein Mixtures. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb09977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ozeki T, Beppu S, Mizoe T, Takashima Y, Yuasa H, Okada H. Preparation of two-drug composite microparticles to improve the dissolution of insoluble drug in water for use with a 4-fluid nozzle spray drier. J Control Release 2006; 107:387-94. [PMID: 16126298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Accepted: 06/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used a novel 4-fluid nozzle spray drier to prepare composite microparticles of a water-insoluble drug, flurbiprofen (FP), and a water-soluble drug, sodium salicylate (SS), for the purpose of improving the water solubility of FP. An ethanol solution of FP and an aqueous SS solution were simultaneously introduced through different liquid passages in the 4-fluid nozzle spray drier and then spray-dried. Quantitative elemental analysis suggested that the FP/SS ratio in each composite microparticle was nearly the same as the formulation ratio. We also found that SS and FP exist in a low crystallinity state in the composite particles. Release of FP from dissolved composite microparticles was markedly improved because of an increase in the effective surface area following rapid dissolution of SS. This study shows that it is possible to prepare FP-SS composite microparticles using a 4-fluid nozzle spray drier in single process and that this can improve the ability of FP to dissolve in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Ozeki
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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Yin SX, Franchini M, Chen J, Hsieh A, Jen S, Lee T, Hussain M, Smith R. Bioavailability enhancement of a COX-2 inhibitor, BMS-347070, from a nanocrystalline dispersion prepared by spray-drying. J Pharm Sci 2005; 94:1598-607. [PMID: 15929069 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Spray drying drug with excipients is usually associated with the preparation of microcrystalline or amorphous drug in order to improve bioavailability. It was found that BMS-347070, when spray-dried with Pluronic F127 from acetone or methylene chloride, was dispersed as nanosized crystalline drug within the water-soluble Pluronic matrix. The reduction in drug particle/crystallite size, coupled with wetting by the Pluronic, resulted in a fast-onset formulation with bioavailability comparable to that of a solubilized and a NanoCrystal formulation. For this system, it is theorized that the polyethylene oxide segments of Pluronic crystallize and that the polypropylene oxide segments remain amorphous, providing a size-restricted domain in which the COX-2 drug crystallizes. This results in improved bioavailability while limiting the potential risk of conversion of an amorphous drug to its crystalline state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn X Yin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
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Grenha A, Seijo B, Remuñán-López C. Microencapsulated chitosan nanoparticles for lung protein delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2005; 25:427-37. [PMID: 15893461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2005.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2004] [Revised: 03/17/2005] [Accepted: 04/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
It has already been demonstrated that spray drying is a very valuable technique for producing dry powders adequate for pulmonary delivery of drugs. We have developed chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles that promote peptide absorption across mucosal surfaces. The aim of this work was to microencapsulate protein-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using typical aerosol excipients, such as mannitol and lactose, producing microspheres as carriers of protein-loaded nanoparticles to the lung. The results showed that the obtained microspheres are mostly spherical and possess appropriate aerodynamic properties for pulmonary delivery (aerodynamic diameters between 2 and 3 microm, apparent density lower than 0.45 g/cm3). Moreover, microspheres morphology was strongly affected by the content of chitosan nanoparticles. These nanoparticles show a good protein loading capacity (65-80%), providing the release of 75-80% insulin within 15 min, and can be easily recovered from microspheres after contact with an aqueous medium with no significant changes in their size and zeta potential values. Therefore, this work demonstrated that protein-loaded nanoparticles could be successfully incorporated into microspheres with adequate characteristics to reach the deep lung, which after contact with its aqueous environment are expected to be able to release the nanoparticles, and thus, the therapeutic macromolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Grenha
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Abstract
The drying of hydrogel films formed by Poloxamer 407 poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) amphiphilic block copolymer was investigated at various air relative humidity (RH) conditions ranging from 11 to 97%. Initially, the amount of water lost increased linearly with the drying time. After this linear region (stage I), a nonlinear behavior was observed (stage II). The drying rate increased with decreasing RH, thus greatly shortening the drying time. A decrease of the film thickness also shortened the drying time; however, the drying mechanism did not change. Three models for one-dimensional water diffusion were used to fit the experimental results at different RH conditions and film thicknesses. Model 1 assumes semi-infinite medium and constant diffusion coefficient, and fits very well the data in stage I of the drying process. The fitted water diffusion coefficient (D) is 5 x 10(-10) m(2)/s, whereas the effects of the RH are captured by a proportionality constant (alpha) that appears in the boundary condition. Model 2 considers a finite (constant) film thickness and captures the experimental observations over the whole drying period for the same D and alpha as in Model 1. The analytical solutions available for Models 1 and 2, used together with the experimentally derived model parameters D and alpha, allow for easy estimation of drying time and water loss from Poloxamer hydrogel films of various compositions and thicknesses and at different relative humidities. Numerical solutions for water diffusion under conditions of decreasing film thickness and diffusion coefficient being a function of concentration are also presented (Model 3). It becomes apparent from the fit of the data to the different models that the drying rate is more sensitive to the boundary condition at the film-air interface (represented by alpha) than to the diffusion in the film. It is notable that the alpha values obtained from the fits of the Poloxamer hydrogel drying rate are comparable to those obtained from drying of water films under the same experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Gu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, USA
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Latsch S, Selzer T, Fink L, Kreuter J. Determination of the physical state of norethindrone acetate containing transdermal drug delivery systems by isothermal microcalorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and optical microscopy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2004; 57:383-95. [PMID: 15019000 DOI: 10.1016/s0939-6411(03)00158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2003] [Revised: 06/24/2003] [Accepted: 09/08/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable a controlled drug delivery to the skin. The low permeability of the stratum corneum necessitates a high drug concentration of the polymeric matrix and often requires supersaturation. This, however, promotes crystallisation of supersaturated systems. Isothermal microcalorimetry at 25 degrees C, polarisation light microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) were used to characterise the crystal growth of norethindrone acetate (NEA). The solubility of NEA in the patches determined by these methods is about 4%. The crystallisation process could be measured reliably and with a high accuracy by microcalorimetry and microscopy. XRPD was considerably less sensitive but was the only method allowing a semi-quantitative determination of the amounts of crystals formed. The drug-associated heat measured by microcalorimetry increased proportionally with increasing NEA concentration in the concentration range of 4-10% demonstrating a constant crystallisation rate. At a higher supersaturation, such as 12% drug content, the crystallisation process was accelerated. The application of Johnson-Mehl-Avrami kinetics for the analysis of nucleation and crystal growth of the punched patches indicated a site-saturated nucleation mechanism and a one-dimensional crystal growth. The crystallisation enthalpy of NEA was -22.8+/-2.6 kJ/mol. The most specific method to observe the crystal formation is polarisation light microscopy. However, the microscopic analysis requires much longer storage times than microcalorimetry to detect crystallisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Latsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Gilani K, Rouholamini Najafabadi A, Barghi M, Rafiee-Tehrani M. Aerosolisation of beclomethasone dipropionate using spray dried lactose/polyethylene glycol carriers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2004; 58:595-606. [PMID: 15451534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2003] [Revised: 04/10/2004] [Accepted: 04/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the physical properties of spray dried lactose in the presence of different polyethylene glycols (PEG 400, PEG 3000 and PEG 6000) and to evaluate their performance as carriers for dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations. The efficiency of spray dried lactose/PEG carriers in aerosolisation of beclomethasone dipropionate (BD), a model hydrophobic drug, was compared to Pharmatose 325 M (L325), spray dried lactose alone (SDL), and also a sieved (< 38 microm) fraction of alpha-lactose monohydrate (SL). In vitro deposition analysis was performed using a twin stage liquid impinger at a flow rate of 60 l/min through a Spinhaler. The deposition profiles of the drug from binary formulations composed of BD and spray dried lactose/PEG carriers were also compared to ternary formulations containing large and fine lactose carriers. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction data showed the presence of alpha-anhydrous lactose in spray dried lactose/PEG crystalline powders. Spray drying of lactose in the presence of PEG 400 resulted in the production of a powder (SDL-PEG400) with lower alpha-lactose monohydrate content, and also smaller particle size distribution than those obtained in the presence of PEG 3000 (SDL-PEG3000) or PEG 6000 (SDL-PEG6000). All formulations showed different deposition profiles, except those containing SDL-PEG3000 or SDL-PEG6000 which exhibited similar data. The fine particle fraction of aerosolised BD varied from 6.26 +/- 1.07 (for L325) to 25.87 +/- 5.33 (for SDL-PEG3000). All deposition profiles of BD aerosolised from SDL-PEG3000 were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those produced by binary and ternary formulations containing L325, a coarse lactose commercially available for DPI formulations. The differences observed in deposition data for various carriers were interpreted according to their physical properties. It was concluded that particle size distribution, morphology and specific surface texture of SDL-PEG3000 and SDL-PEG6000 were important factors influencing their efficiency as small carriers for DPI formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kambiz Gilani
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Latsch S, Selzer T, Fink L, Kreuter J. Crystallisation of estradiol containing TDDS determined by isothermal microcalorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and optical microscopy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2003; 56:43-52. [PMID: 12837480 DOI: 10.1016/s0939-6411(03)00042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable a controlled delivery of drugs to the skin. However, it is still a problem to achieve a stable and prolonged constant drug release. To attain high permeation rates across the skin, the concentrations of the drug dissolved have to be high and often create supersaturated, thermodynamically metastable, or unstable systems that possess a high tendency to crystallise. In the present study, microcalorimetry as well as polarisation microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) were used to characterise the growing crystal germs of estradiol (E2) hemihydrate. Polarisation microscopy enabled the observation of crystals with two different morphologies of E2 in the polymeric acrylic transdermal patch matrix. Crystal formation and growth were also detected by XRPD. The diffraction pattern corresponded to estradiol hemihydrate. The intensity of the observed reflections was proportional to the crystal quantities and increased during storage. A high supersaturation resulted in high peak intensities caused by a high crystallisation rate. Since precipitation is generally accompanied by heat evolution, crystal germ formation, and crystal growth could easily be detected early by isothermal microcalorimetry. Much lower amounts of crystal were detected by this method than with the significantly less sensitive XRPD method. Microscopy was equally sensitive to but much more time-consuming than microcalorimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Latsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Perissutti B, Rubessa F, Moneghini M, Voinovich D. Formulation design of carbamazepine fast-release tablets prepared by melt granulation technique. Int J Pharm 2003; 256:53-63. [PMID: 12695011 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(03)00062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work describes a new approach to prepare a fast-release dosage form for carbamazepine (CBZ), involving the use of melt granulation process in high shear mixer for the production of tablets. In particular, the granules containing CBZ were prepared using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 as a melting binder and lactose monohydrate as a hydrophilic filler. The potential of the intragranular addition of crospovidone as a dissolution enhancer and a disintegrant agent was also evaluated. After the analysis of their solid state performed by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the granules were characterised from the technological and dissolution point of view. The subsequent step encompassed the preparation and the evaluation of the tablets, including the effect of the extragranular introduction of crospovidone. Besides the remarkable enhancement of drug dissolution rate of the granulates in comparison to physical mixtures and pure drug, no significant differences were found between the dissolution profiles of the granulates containing lactose or crospovidone. However, the difficult disintegration and bad dissolution performance of the tablets not containing intragranular crospovidone highlight the necessity of this disintegrant in the granulating mixture. Moreover, the extragranular addition of a small amount of crospovidone gave rise to a further amelioration of the disintegration and dissolution performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Perissutti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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Fini A, Rodriguez L, Cavallari C, Albertini B, Passerini N. Ultrasound-compacted and spray-congealed indomethacin/polyethyleneglycol systems. Int J Pharm 2002; 247:11-22. [PMID: 12429481 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The product obtained by ultrasound (US)-assisted compaction was compared with a solid dispersion for systems containing polyethyleneglycols (PEGs) of different molecular weights and indomethacin (IMC), at the weight ratio 9:1, obtained by traditional melting and followed by a new US-assisted spray-congealing technique. US-discharge during compaction affects crystallinity of both IMC and PEG: pure IMC changes to an amorphous form and, when in mixture with PEG, partially dissolves in the excipient: this causes an increase of the dissolution rate of the drug. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms do not reveal any endothermic peak associated with the melting of the drug, while X-ray diffractograms show a loss of crystallinity of both IMC and PEG in the US-compacted granules. The extent of a back-crystallisation, which reduces the dissolution rate, as a function of the ageing of the material, depends on the type of the selected PEG. When a molten IMC/PEG mixture was transformed into microspheres by an US-assisted spray-congealing technique, the behaviour at dissolution almost recalls that of US-compacted granulates and some differences are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fini
- Istituto di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Bologna, Via San Donato 15, Bologna 40127, Italy.
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Corrigan DO, Healy AM, Corrigan OI. The effect of spray drying solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lactose/PEG on their physicochemical properties. Int J Pharm 2002; 235:193-205. [PMID: 11879754 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(01)00990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of spray drying polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 and lactose/PEG solutions was investigated. Micro-spherical PEG particles were successfully prepared from ethanol, which allowed lower outlet temperatures than water. The product was crystalline and consisted of rough spheres or rod like particles. In the case of lactose/PEG composites, spray dried from water, the crystallinity of both components was reduced on spray drying, the extent being dependent on the starting composition. Spray dried lactose/PEG with PEG present as 10% by weight was found to be the most amorphous of the systems prepared. Conversion to more crystalline products occurred over time, the rates of conversion being dependent on temperature and humidity. On storage at low humidity (31-34%) amorphous lactose in lactose/PEG spray dried systems converts to anhydrous crystalline lactose while at high humidity (75% RH) the monohydrate is formed. The rate of transformation of amorphous lactose to the crystalline monohydrate form, at high relative humidity, was quantified using the Avrami equation applied both to X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak intensity and heat of fusion data. Crystallisation of lactose appeared to be retarded at low PEG concentrations, where PEG was present predominantly in a non-crystalline state, but was accelerated at higher PEG contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre O Corrigan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Trinity College, 2, Dublin, Ireland.
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