1
|
Sur LM, Mager MA, Bolunduţ AC, Trifa AP, Anton-Păduraru DT. Two Cases of 6-Pyruvoyl Tetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency: Case Report and Literature Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10040727. [PMID: 37189976 DOI: 10.3390/children10040727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (PTPSD) is a rare neurometabolic disease that can be diagnosed in newborn screening (NBS) and is part of the family of tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency disorders (BH4Ds). It is essential to diagnose and treat this disease early to prevent permanent neurological damage secondary to this neurotransmitter disorder. We present the first two cases of PTPSD in Romania that were genetically confirmed and treated late. Improving the diagnosis and monitoring procedures in Romania with correct metabolic management will prevent severe neurological impairment from PTPSD or other BH4Ds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Maria Sur
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Haţieganu Cluj-Napoca, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Children's Emergency Hospital, Motilor Street No 68, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Alina Mager
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Haţieganu Cluj-Napoca, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Children's Emergency Hospital, Motilor Street No 68, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Cristian Bolunduţ
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Haţieganu Cluj-Napoca, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Children's Emergency Hospital, Motilor Street No 68, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian-Pavel Trifa
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Teodora Anton-Păduraru
- Faculty of Medicine, Mother and Child Discipline, Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang YT, Chen R, Wang F, Huang Z, He S, Chen J, Mu J. Potential involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the neurotoxicity of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) in the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:152945. [PMID: 35007605 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), a prevalent pollutant in the aquatic environment, has been reported to induce neurotoxicity (e.g., a suppression in locomotor activity) in fish larvae, posing a great threat to fish populations. However, the underlying mechanism was not fully revealed. In this study, the Oryzias melastigma larvae (21 dph) were exposed to waterborne TPhP (20 and 100 μg/L) for 7 days and a decreased locomotor activity was found. After exposure, the brain transcriptome and communities of gut microbiota were investigated to explore the potential mechanism underlying the suppressed locomotor activity by TPhP. The results showed that 1160 genes in the brain were dysregulated by TPhP, of which 24 genes were identified as being highly associated with the neural function and development (including nerve regeneration, neuronal growth and differentiation, brain ion homeostasis, production of neurotransmitters and etc), suggesting a general impairment in the central nervous system. Meanwhile, TPhP caused disorders in the gut microbiota. The relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria, which can influence the brain functions of host via the microbiota-gut-brain axis, were significantly altered by TPhP. Furthermore, the Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed positive correlations between the intestinal genera Ruegeria, Roseivivax and Nautella and the dysregulated brain genes by TPhP. These results suggest that TPhP might impair the central nervous system of the O. melastigma larvae not only directly but also through the microbiota-gut-axis (indirectly), contributing to the suppressed locomotor activity. These findings enrich our mechanistic understanding of the toxicity of TPhP in fish larvae and shed preliminary light on the involvement of microbiota-gut-brain axis in the neurotoxicity of environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ting Zhang
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Ruanni Chen
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Feipeng Wang
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zekun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shuiqing He
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jianming Chen
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jingli Mu
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Almannai M, Felemban R, Saleh MA, Faqeih EA, Alasmari A, AlHashem A, Mohamed S, Sunbul R, Al-Murshedi F, AlThihli K, Eyaid W, Ali R, Ben-Omran T, Blau N, El-Hattab AW, Alfadhel M. 6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency: Review and Report of 28 Arab Subjects. Pediatr Neurol 2019; 96:40-47. [PMID: 30926181 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetrahydrobiopterin is an essential cofactor for the hydroxylation of aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Therefore, tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency results in hyperphenylalaninemia as well as dopamine and serotonin depletion in the central nervous system. The enzyme 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase catalyzes the second step of de novo synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, and its deficiency is the most frequent cause of tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism disorders. METHOD We conducted a retrospective chart review of 28 subjects from 24 families with molecularly confirmed 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency from six centers in three Arab countries. We reviewed clinical, biochemical, and molecular data. We also reviewed previously published cohorts of subjects with 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency. RESULTS Similar to previous observations, we show that early treatment (less than two months) is associated with better outcome. We identify eight PTS variants in 24 independent families. The most common variant is (c.238A>G; p.M80V) with an allele count of 33%. We also identify one novel variant (c.2T>G; p.?). CONCLUSION The deficiency of 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase is relatively common in the Arab population and should be considered in individuals with hyperphenylalaninemia. More natural history studies with comprehensive biochemical and molecular genetics data are needed for a robust base for the development of future therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almannai
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Felemban
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Saleh
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eissa A Faqeih
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alasmari
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal AlHashem
- Department of Pediatric, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarar Mohamed
- Department of Pediatric, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawda Sunbul
- Pediatrics Medical Genetic Unit (PMGU), Pediatrics Department, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathiya Al-Murshedi
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Khalid AlThihli
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Ali
- Clinical and Metabolic Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tawfeg Ben-Omran
- Clinical and Metabolic Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nenad Blau
- Dietmar-Hopp-Metabolic Center, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ayman W El-Hattab
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Genetics Clinics, KidsHeart Medical Center, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ogawa A, Kanazawa M, Takayanagi M, Kitani Y, Shintaku H, Kohno Y. A case of 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency demonstrates a more significant correlation of L-Dopa dosage with serum prolactin levels than CSF homovanillic acid levels. Brain Dev 2008; 30:82-5. [PMID: 17590551 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2007.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Revised: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) deficiency is a tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency that presents as hyperphenylalaninemia. Administration of the neurotransmitter precursors L-Dopa/carbidopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP), as well as BH4, is necessary for treatment. It has been reported that serum prolactin levels are elevated in patients with PTPS deficiency indicating that inhibition of prolactin secretion by dopamine is insufficient and is negatively correlated with the CSF level of HVA. Here, we present a case of PTPS deficiency which showed a more significant correlation of dosage of L-Dopa/carbidopa with serum prolactin levels than with CSF HVA levels. Combined treatment of BH4, L-Dopa/carbidopa, and 5HTP was started as the CSF neopterin/biopterin ratio (N/B ratio 7.54, control 0.46-1.59) and serum prolactin level (36.79 ng/ml, control <15) were elevated. The dosage of L-Dopa/carbidopa was adjusted in the range of 9.08-10.5mg/kg/day. The CSF level of HVA stayed within normal limits using these dosages of L-Dopa/carbidopa, and there was no correlation between dose given and HVA level (R=0.230, p=0.71). On the other hand, even in this relatively small dosing range, the serum prolactin level showed significant negative correlation with the dosage of L-Dopa/carbidopa (R=0.645, p=0.023). The patient did not show any neurological symptoms even when the serum prolactin level was elevated. From these results, we suggest that the serum prolactin level may be a more sensitive marker than the CSF HVA level to guide the dose adjustment of L-Dopa/carbidopa in the management of patients with PTPS deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ogawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Roze E, Vidailhet M, Blau N, Moller LB, Doummar D, de Villemeur TB, Roubergue A. Long-term follow-up and adult outcome of 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency. Mov Disord 2006; 21:263-6. [PMID: 16161143 DOI: 10.1002/mds.20699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Little information is available on the long-term course and adult outcome of patients with 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) deficiency. We describe the course of a 32-year-old woman with hypotonia, dystonia, choreoathetosis, mental retardation, behavioral disturbances, and incomplete puberty due to PTPS deficiency. From the age of 6 months she developed progressive hypotonia and choreoathtetoid movements despite good control of hyperphenylalaninemia. Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency was diagnosed at age 3 years. She had a dramatic response to L-dopa, which persisted at a stable dose for 29 years. Reducing the L-dopa dose led to severe axial hypotonia and limb dystonia, and increasing it led to florid abnormal movements and behavioral disorders. This report illustrates the role of dopamine modulation in motor, psychiatric, and endocrine functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Roze
- Department of Neurology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France, and Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|