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Dang DH, Evans RD, Durrieu G, Layglon N, El Houssainy A, Mullot JU, Lenoble V, Mounier S, Garnier C. Quantitative model of carbon and nitrogen isotope composition to highlight phosphorus cycling and sources in coastal sediments (Toulon Bay, France). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 195:683-692. [PMID: 29289013 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient loadings from either point or non-point sources to the environment are related to the growing global population. Subsequent negative impacts of nutrient loading to aquatic environments requires a better understanding of the biogeochemical cycling and better tools to track their sources. This study examines the carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) discharge and cycling in a Mediterranean coastal area from rivers to marine sediments and assesses the anthropogenic contributions. Carbon and N concentrations and isotope compositions in rivers particles, surface sediments, and sediment cores were investigated to build up a quantitative multiple-end-member mixing model for C and N isotopes. This model predicts the contribution of four natural and one anthropogenic sources to the sediments and highlighted the anthropogenic fraction of P based on the relationship with anthropogenic δ15N. Although P is a monoisotopic element and total P concentration has been the sole index to study P loading, this study suggests an alternative approach to differentiate anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic (diagenetic) P, revealed point and non-point sources of P, and the corresponding P loading. Also, the diagenetic P background has been calculated for the 50-cm sediment layer of the whole Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Huy Dang
- School of the Environment, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, K9L 0G2, ON, Canada; Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, CS60584, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France.
| | - R Douglas Evans
- School of the Environment, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, K9L 0G2, ON, Canada; Water Quality Centre, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, K9L 0G2, ON, Canada
| | - Gael Durrieu
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, CS60584, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UMR7294, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Nicolas Layglon
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, CS60584, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UMR7294, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Amonda El Houssainy
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, CS60584, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UMR7294, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France; Centre National des Sciences Marines, CNRSL, Batroun, PO Box 534, Lebanon
| | | | - Véronique Lenoble
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, CS60584, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UMR7294, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Stéphane Mounier
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, CS60584, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UMR7294, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Cédric Garnier
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, CS60584, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UMR7294, 83041, Toulon Cedex 9, France
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Klein J, Verlaque M. The Caulerpa racemosa invasion: a critical review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2008; 56:205-225. [PMID: 18061625 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Revised: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea is a marine Chlorophyta introduced into the Mediterranean Sea from south-western Australia. Since 1990, it has been invading the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands, raising ecological problems. Although this invasion event can be considered as one of the most serious in the history of species introduced into the Mediterranean Sea, C. racemosa has not triggered as much attention as the famous "killer alga"Caulerpa taxifolia. The aim of the present study was: (i) to summarize the current state of knowledge with regard to the distribution, the various biological and ecological characteristics of the introduced C. racemosa and its impact on the Mediterranean coastal environment; (ii) to discuss the various hypotheses regarding the explanation for its rapid and successful spread; (iii) to investigate the disparity in the treatment of C. racemosa and Caulerpa taxifolia invasions; and (iv) to outline future research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Klein
- Université de la Méditerranée, Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, DIMAR UMR 6540, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille Cedex 9, France.
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Ruitton S, Javel F, Culioli JM, Meinesz A, Pergent G, Verlaque M. First assessment of the Caulerpa racemosa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) invasion along the French Mediterranean coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2005; 50:1061-8. [PMID: 15893332 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The introduced green alga Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea has been rapidly spreading in the Mediterranean Sea since 1990. It was first observed in France in 1997 (Marseilles). In early 2004, the stretch of the French Mediterranean coastline and the surface area affected by the invasion were estimated at about 83 km and 4014 ha, respectively. The depth range of colonized areas was usually 10-35 m depth. Shallow (0-10 m) and deep (down to 40 m) dense meadows were rarely observed. In contrast to the dead matte of Posidonia oceanica, which constituted the most widely colonized substratum, dense P. oceanica meadows and fine sand with large ripple-marks were not invaded. Few rocky areas were colonized and coarse sand bottoms were usually colonized below 20 m depth. All the colonized areas were exposed to human activities and more than 40% were fishing areas. Mild climate, suitable substrata, presence of vectors of dispersal and absence of efficient biological control make the French Mediterranean coast particularly vulnerable to the further spread of the alga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Ruitton
- UMR 6540 CNRS, Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Campus de Luminy, Case 901, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France.
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