1
|
Zhou Y, Zhang W, Wan Y, Jin W, Zhang Y, Li Y, Chen B, Jiang M, Fang X. Mosquitocidal toxin-like islands in Bacillus thuringiensis S2160-1 revealed by complete-genome sequence and MS proteomic analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15216. [PMID: 38956138 PMCID: PMC11219804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we present the whole genome sequence of Bt S2160-1, a potential alternative to the mosquitocidal model strain, Bti. One chromosome genome and four mega-plasmids were contained in Bt S2160-1, and 13 predicted genes encoding predicted insecticidal crystal proteins were identified clustered on one plasmid pS2160-1p2 containing two pathogenic islands (PAIs) designed as PAI-1 (Cry54Ba, Cry30Ea4, Cry69Aa-like, Cry50Ba2-like, Cry4Ca1-like, Cry30Ga2, Cry71Aa-like, Cry72Aa-like, Cry70Aa-like, Cyt1Da2-like and Vpb4C1-like) and PAI-2 (Cyt1Aa-like, and Tpp80Aa1-like). The clusters appear to represent mosquitocidal toxin islands similar to pathogenicity islands. Transcription/translation of 10 of the 13 predicted genes was confirmed by whole-proteome analysis using LTQ-Orbitrap LC-MS/MS. In summary, the present study identified the existence of a mosquitocidal toxin island in Bacillus thuringiensis, and provides important genomic information for understanding the insecticidal mechanism of B. thuringiensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Yusong Wan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wujun Jin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Youzhi Li
- Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Baoshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Mingguo Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Xuanjun Fang
- Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China.
- Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Potential for Bacillus thuringiensis and Other Bacterial Toxins as Biological Control Agents to Combat Dipteran Pests of Medical and Agronomic Importance. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12120773. [PMID: 33291447 PMCID: PMC7762171 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12120773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of dipteran pests is highly relevant to humans due to their involvement in the transmission of serious diseases including malaria, dengue fever, Chikungunya, yellow fever, zika, and filariasis; as well as their agronomic impact on numerous crops. Many bacteria are able to produce proteins that are active against insect species. These bacteria include Bacillus thuringiensis, the most widely-studied pesticidal bacterium, which synthesizes proteins that accumulate in crystals with insecticidal properties and which has been widely used in the biological control of insects from different orders, including Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera. In this review, we summarize all the bacterial proteins, from B. thuringiensis and other entomopathogenic bacteria, which have described insecticidal activity against dipteran pests, including species of medical and agronomic importance.
Collapse
|
3
|
Azizoglu U, Jouzani GS, Yilmaz N, Baz E, Ozkok D. Genetically modified entomopathogenic bacteria, recent developments, benefits and impacts: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 734:139169. [PMID: 32460068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic bacteria (EPBs), insect pathogens that produce pest-specific toxins, are environmentally-friendly alternatives to chemical insecticides. However, the most important problem with EPBs application is their limited field stability. Moreover, environmental factors such as solar radiation, leaf temperature, and vapor pressure can affect the pathogenicity of these pathogens and their toxins. Scientists have conducted intensive research to overcome such problems. Genetic engineering has great potential for the development of new engineered entomopathogens with more resistance to adverse environmental factors. Genetically modified entomopathogenic bacteria (GM-EPBs) have many advantages over wild EPBs, such as higher pathogenicity, lower spraying requirements and longer-term persistence. Genetic manipulations have been mostly applied to members of the bacterial genera Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus. Although many researchers have found that GM-EPBs can be used safely as plant protection bioproducts, limited attention has been paid to their potential ecological impacts. The main concerns about GM-EPBs and their products are their potential unintended effects on beneficial insects (predators, parasitoids, pollinators, etc.) and rhizospheric bacteria. This review address recent update on the significant role of GM-EPBs in biological control, examining them through different perspectives in an attempt to generate critical discussion and aid in the understanding of their potential ecological impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Azizoglu
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Safiye Cikrikcioglu Vocational College, Kayseri University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Nihat Yilmaz
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Safiye Cikrikcioglu Vocational College, Kayseri University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ethem Baz
- Laboratory and Veterinary Health Department, Safiye Cikrikcioglu Vocational College, Kayseri University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Duran Ozkok
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Safiye Cikrikcioglu Vocational College, Kayseri University, Kayseri, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Expression of
cry
genes in
Bacillus thuringiensis
biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:1617-1626. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
5
|
Roh JY, Liu Q, Lee DW, Tao X, Wang Y, Shim HJ, Choi JY, Seo JB, Ohba M, Mizuki E, Je YH. Bacillus thuringiensis serovar mogi (flagellar serotype 3a3b3d), a novel serogroup with a mosquitocidal activity. J Invertebr Pathol 2009; 102:266-8. [PMID: 19703461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2009.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The flagellated vegetative cells of the Bacillus thuringiensis strain K4 were agglutinated with the H3 reference antiserum and further, agglutinated with 3b and 3d monospecific factor sera but non-reactive for 3c and 3e factor sera. This creates a new serogroup with flagellar antigenic structure of 3a3b3d: B. thuringiensis serovar mogi. The strain K4 showed high activity against dipteran larvae, Anopheles sinensis and Culex pipienspallens while no lepidopteran toxicity. It produced ovoidal parasporal inclusions (crystals) whose SDS-PAGE protein profile consisted of several bands ranging from 75 to 30kDa. Through the protein identification by nano-LC-ESI-IT MS analysis, the putative peptides of Cry19Ba, Cry40ORF2, Cry27Aa and Cry20Aa were detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yul Roh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wasano N, Saitoh H, Maeda M, Ohgushi A, Mizuki E, Ohba M. Cloning and characterization of a novel genecry9Ec1encoding lepidopteran-specific parasporal inclusion protein from aBacillus thuringiensisserovargalleriaestrain. Can J Microbiol 2005; 51:988-95. [PMID: 16333339 DOI: 10.1139/w05-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel δ-endotoxin gene from a lepidopteran-specific Bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae strain was cloned, and the full sequence of the cry gene was determined. The cloned 6.5-kb DNA fragment included the full sequence of the cry gene and three open reading frames located upstream of the cry gene. The gene, designated cry9Ec1, encodes a polypeptide of 1154 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 130 237. The deduced amino acid sequence of the Cry9Ec1 protein had the highest homology (77.7%) with the Cry9Ea1 protein when compared with existing Cry proteins. The expression, in an acrystalliferous B. thuringiensis strain, of the cry9Ec1 gene was high when controlled by the cyt1A2 promoter, leading to the formation of large spherical inclusions. The purified crystals from the recombinant strain were toxic when tested against two lepidopteran species, Bombyx mori and Plutella xylostella. However, the Cry9Ec1 protein gave no toxicity against Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, Plodia interpunctella, Helicoverpa zea, and Culex pipiens molestus.Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae, Cry9Ec1 protein, lepidopteran-specific δ-endotoxin, Plutella xylostella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Wasano
- Biotechnology and Food Research Institute, Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center, Kurume 839-0861, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ohgushi A, Saitoh H, Wasano N, Uemori A, Ohba M. Cloning and Characterization of Two Novel Genes, cry24B and s1orf2, from a Mosquitocidal Strain of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar sotto. Curr Microbiol 2005; 51:131-6. [PMID: 16059769 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-005-7529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Accepted: 03/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two new crystal protein genes, cry24B and s1orf2, were cloned from a mosquitocidal Bacillus thuringiensis serovar sotto strain. The cry24B and s1orf2 genes encoded a 76-kDa and 62-kDa protein, respectively. The Cry24B protein retained five conserved regions commonly found in the existing Cry proteins. The amino acid sequence of the S1ORF2 had a high homology to that of the ORF2 protein of B. thuringiensis serovar jegathesan. Southern hybridization experiments with a cry24B gene-specific probe revealed that these genes are located on two large plasmids of > 100 kb. When the two genes, cry24B and s1orf2, were expressed in an acrystalliferous B. thuringiensis host, the proteins were synthesized and accumulated as inclusions. These inclusions exhibited no larvicidal activities against three mosquito species: Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex pipiens molestus. Likewise, the inclusions contained no cytocidal activity against HeLa cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ohgushi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Okumura S, Akao T, Higuchi K, Saitoh H, Mizuki E, Ohba M, Inouye K. Bacillus thuringiensis serovar shandongiensis strain 89-T-34-22 produces multiple cytotoxic proteins with similar molecular masses against human cancer cells. Lett Appl Microbiol 2004; 39:89-92. [PMID: 15189293 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2004.01544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To prove that Bacillus thuringiensis serovar shandongiensis strain 89-T-34-22 produces several novel cytotoxic proteins against human leukaemic T cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Parasporal inclusion protein was solubilized and processed by proteinase K and was separated by anion-exchange chromatography. Cytopathic effects of each fraction against MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells were monitored. CONCLUSIONS Existence of at least two novel cytotoxic proteins was suggested and N-terminal sequences of the newly identified proteins were determined to be QSTTDVIREY and X (Y or I) (P or I) NLANELA (X indicates uncertain amino acids). Molecular masses of the two proteins were approx. 27-28 kDa. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY In this study, we demonstrated that the strain 89-T-34-22 produces at least two novel cytotoxic proteins with similar molecular masses against human cancer cells. This is the first strain of B. thuringiensis which produces multiple cytotoxic proteins against human cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Okumura
- Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ohgushi A, Wasano N, Shisa N, Saitoh H, Mizuki E, Maeda M, Ohba M. Characterization of a mosquitocidal Bacillus thuringiensis serovar sotto strain isolated from Okinawa, Japan. J Appl Microbiol 2004; 95:982-9. [PMID: 14633026 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To characterize the mosquitocidal activity of parasporal inclusions of the Bacillus thuringiensis serovar sotto strain 96-OK-85-24, for comparison with two well-characterized mosquitocidal strains. METHODS AND RESULTS The strain 96-OK-85-24 significantly differed from the existing mosquitocidal B. thuringiensis strains in: (1) lacking the larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens molestus and haemolytic activity, and (2) SDS-PAGE profiles, immunological properties and N-terminal amino acid sequences of parasporal inclusion proteins. CONCLUSIONS It is clear from the results that the strain 96-OK-85-24 synthesizes a novel mosquitocidal Cry protein with a unique toxicity spectrum. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report of the occurrence of a mosquitocidal B. thuringiensis strain with an unusual toxicity spectrum, lacking the activity against the culicine mosquito.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ohgushi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|