1
|
Prajapati KJ, Kothari C. Development and Validation of a Stability Indicating LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Clenbuterol HCl. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2020; 70:552-562. [PMID: 32937667 DOI: 10.1055/a-1167-0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Clenbuterol hydrochloride (CLT), β2 adrenergic agonist is used as a bronchodilator in the therapeutic treatment of asthma. It is important to know the stability behaviour of the drug in different degradation conditions as per ICH Q1A (R2) guidelines for safety and efficacy purpose. The main objective of the study is to develop and validate stability indicating LC-MS/MS method for the determination of Clenbuterol HCl. The separation was achieved using Phenomenex Gemini NX C18 (250*4.6 mm, 5 μ) column and the mobile phase consisting of ammonium acetate buffer (5 mM), 0.15% triethylamine (TEA), pH 7.5 with acetic acid: methanol (70:30, v/v) at flow rate 1 ml/min. The detection was done using PDA detector at 245 nm. The validation was performed as per ICH Q2 (R1) guideline. The drug was subjected to stress degradation conditions as per ICH Q1A (R2) guidelines. The significant degradation was observed in acidic (8.78%) and sunlight (liquid) (9%) condition while no degradation was observed in neutral, basic, oxidation and thermal condition. The drug and its degradation products were characterized using LC-MS/MS and the proposed degradation mechanism was communicated. The developed method was found to be stability-indicating, simple, specific, selective, sensitive, linear, accurate, robust and precise and used as a routine analysis in quality control laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krunal J Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Charmy Kothari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bui QA, Vu THH, Ngo VKT, Kennedy IR, Lee NA, Allan R. Development of an ELISA to detect clenbuterol in swine products using a new approach for hapten design. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6045-52. [PMID: 27481170 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This research outlines the application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the analysis of clenbuterol in animal products. Our assay showed good sensitivity for clenbuterol (0.4 ng/g or 0.4 ppb) and low detection limit (0.09 ng/g or 0.09 ppb). A low cross-reactivity for other β2-agonist drugs such as salbutamol, terbutaline, and epinephrine led to formatting an ELISA kit considered to have a high specificity for clenbuterol. A survey of Ho Chi Minh City pork market was conducted as part of the validation of our ELISA. ELISA results showed a surprisingly high value of contamination. However, it will be necessary to conduct a more statistically valid replicated survey with evaluation by other instrumental methods to obtain a definite conclusion. This ELISA kit will be used to monitor growth promoter residues in Vietnam's animal products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Anh Bui
- Centre of Analytical Services and Experimentation of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | | | - Vo Ke Thanh Ngo
- The Research Laboratories of Saigon High-Tech Park, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ivan R Kennedy
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - N Alice Lee
- ARC Training Centre for Advanced Technologies in Food Manufacture and School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Robin Allan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghorani B, Tucker N, Yoshikawa M. Approaches for the assembly of molecularly imprinted electrospun nanofibre membranes and consequent use in selected target recognition. Food Res Int 2015; 78:448-464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
4
|
Dima SO, Dobre T, Chetraru O, Nicolae CA, Spataru CI, Sarbu A. Molecularly imprinted poly(acrylonitrile-co
-acrylic acid) matrix with sclareol. POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan-Ovidiu Dima
- Mass Transfer Department; Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science; University Politehnica of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
- Polymer Department; National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry Icechim; Bucharest Romania
| | - Tanase Dobre
- Mass Transfer Department; Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science; University Politehnica of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Olga Chetraru
- Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova; Chisinau Republic of Moldova
| | - Cristian-Andi Nicolae
- Polymer Department; National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry Icechim; Bucharest Romania
| | - Catalin-Ilie Spataru
- Polymer Department; National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry Icechim; Bucharest Romania
| | - Andrei Sarbu
- Polymer Department; National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry Icechim; Bucharest Romania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qiao F, Du J. Rapid screening of clenbuterol hydrochloride in chicken samples by molecularly imprinted matrix solid-phase dispersion coupled with liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 923-924:136-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
6
|
Bao H, Wei T, Meng H, Liu B. Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Supersensitive Detection of Clenbuterol Using Molecularly Imprinted Film. CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2012.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Tianxin Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Huijuan Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Baoxing Liu
- Department of Andrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luo Y, Huang P, Fu Q, Du W, Sun S, Li Y, Liu M, Chang C. Preparation of Monolithic Imprinted Stationary Phase for Clenbuterol by In Situ Polymerization and Application in Biological Samples Pretreatment. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
8
|
Determination of clenbuterol in porcine tissues using solid-phase extraction combined with ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and HPLC–UV detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:90-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
Turson M, Zhuang XL, Liu HN, Jiang P, Dong XC. Evaluation of the clenbuterol imprinted monolithic column prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2009.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
10
|
Zheng S, Song S, Lan H, Qu G, Li R, Wu A, Zhang D. Newly Combined Method of Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction with ELISA for Rapid Detection of Clenbuterol in Animal-Tissue Samples. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710802677134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sulian Zheng
- a Bor Luh Food Safety Center, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Suquan Song
- b Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Huo Lan
- a Bor Luh Food Safety Center, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Guorun Qu
- c Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing , P. R. China
| | - Rongxiu Li
- a Bor Luh Food Safety Center, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Aibo Wu
- a Bor Luh Food Safety Center, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- a Bor Luh Food Safety Center, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alexander C, Andersson HS, Andersson LI, Ansell RJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA, O'Mahony J, Whitcombe MJ. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years up to and including 2003. J Mol Recognit 2006; 19:106-80. [PMID: 16395662 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 776] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Over 1450 references to original papers, reviews and monographs have herein been collected to document the development of molecular imprinting science and technology from the serendipitous discovery of Polyakov in 1931 to recent attempts to implement and understand the principles underlying the technique and its use in a range of application areas. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by papers dealing with fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting and the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing attempts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Alexander
- The School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Carabias-Martínez R, Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Herrero-Hernóndez E, Díaz-García ME. Development and characterisation of a molecularly imprinted polymer prepared by precipitation polymerisation for the determination of phenylurea herbicides. J Sep Sci 2005; 28:453-61. [PMID: 15835733 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200400051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
New materials based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been developed for use as sorbents in solid phase extraction to preconcentrate some urea herbicides. In the preconcentration step, different molecularly imprinted polymers were tested using methacrylic acid (MAA) and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid (TFMAA) as functional monomers, and linuron and isoproturon as templates. The best results were obtained when the polymer was synthesised using MAA with isoproturon as template. Another parameter evaluated was the way in which the polymer was obtained. We observed that the imprinted polymers obtained by precipitation displayed a greater capacity to retain the phenylureas. Studies conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the bulk polymerisation method is far from ideal owing to the random shape and size distribution of the particles obtained, whereas when polymerisation was carried out in precipitation microspheres were obtained. In order to confirm the interaction between the functional monomer and the template, 1H NMR (CD2Cl2) analyses were conducted. The results obtained suggest that the hydrogen and/or nitrogen of the amino group of the template would be involved in the formation of hydrogen bonds with the functional monomer. The imprinted polymer obtained by precipitation polymerisation with MAA as functional monomer and isoproturon as template can be applied to preconcentrate phenylureas when the sample is dissolved in toluene. The proposed methodology was employed to evaluate polymer selectivity towards humic acids and towards other herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Carabias-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Hiratani H, Gómez-Amoza JL, Martínez-Pacheco R, Souto C, Concheiro A. Soft contact lenses capable of sustained delivery of timolol. J Pharm Sci 2002; 91:2182-92. [PMID: 12226845 DOI: 10.1002/jps.10209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the composition and the application of an imprinting technique on the loading capability of weakly crosslinked hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) hydrogels, with a view to their use as reloadable soft contact lenses for administration of timolol. Hydrogels were prepared by dissolution of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA, 10 mM) in HEMA with or without methacrylic acid (MAA) or methyl methacrylate (MMA; 100-400 mM) and with or without timolol maleate (10 mg/mL), initiation of polymerization by addition of 2,2'-azo-bis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN, 10 mM), injection in molds, and curing in an oven at 50-70 degrees C. Unreacted reagents were removed by boiling. The dry hydrogels were clear and fully polymerized with smooth, poreless surfaces and presented optimal mechanical properties. The hydrogels were then characterized by determination of their swelling and timolol release kinetics in 0.9% NaCl, phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and artificial lacrimal fluid, and of the timolol loading capacity of both nonimprinted hydrogels and de-timololized imprinted hydrogels at various pHs. Both water uptake and timolol release exhibited Fickian kinetics, except in the case of hydrogels made with 400 mM MAA. Timolol diffusion into 0.9% NaCl from HEMA or HEMA/MMA was slow; release from HEMA/MAA into phosphate buffer or lacrimal fluid was faster and increased with the MAA content of the polymer. Timolol loading was significant for HEMA/MAA hydrogels (imprinted or not) at pH 5.5-7.5, and specially for imprinted hydrogels containing 100 mM MAA, which absorb 12 mg timolol/g dry hydrogel. The results indicate that the incorporation of MAA as comonomer increases the timolol loading capacity to therapeutically useful levels while retaining appropriate release characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Szabelski P, Kaczmarski K, Cavazzini A, Chen YB, Sellergren B, Guiochon G. Energetic heterogeneity of the surface of a molecularly imprinted polymer studied by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2002; 964:99-111. [PMID: 12198860 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The influence of thermal annealing on the surface homogeneity of a polymer imprinted against L-phenylalanine anilide (LPA) was examined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the measurement of the adsorption isotherms. The isotherms obtained for LPA and for its enantiomer, D-phenylalanine anilide (DPA) were fitted to the Freundlich (F) equation which accounts for the energetic heterogeneity of the surface with a separate parameter. Changes in the adsorptive properties of the polymer produced by thermal annealing were deduced by comparing the heterogeneity parameters given by the nonlinear regression. These changes were also illustrated by deriving the isosteric heats of adsorption as functions of the amounts adsorbed and by calculating the associated affinity distributions. This latter technique involves an application of the affinity spectrum (AS) combined with the F adsorption model. The plausibility and accuracy of the combination is discussed. It is shown that the derivation of the amplitudes of the affinity distributions from the F parameters is inaccurate, making difficult the proper estimate of the changes in the total population of adsorption sites. In contrast, the AS method gives correct estimates of the parameter that characterizes the slope of the affinity distributions. The results derived from the three sets of results (F model parameters, isosteric heats of adsorption, AS + F method) show consistently that annealing reduces the energetic heterogeneity of the polymer surface for both LPA and DPA. In practice, however, the improvement of the polymer performance in HPLC is relatively limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Szabelski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|