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Trung Thong H, Nu Anh Thu L, Viet Duc H. Potential Substitutes of Antibiotics for Swine and Poultry Production. Vet Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.106081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Early of the last century, it was detected that antibiotics added to the animal feeds at low doses and for a long time can improve technical performances such as average daily gain and gain-to-feed ratio. Since then, the antibiotics have been used worldwide as feed additives for many decades. At the end of the twentieth century, the consequences of the uses of antibiotics in animal feeds as growth promoters were informed. Since then, many research studies have been done to find other solutions to replace partly or fully to antibiotic as growth promoters (AGPs). Many achievements in finding alternatives to AGPs in which probiotics and direct-fed microorganism, prebiotics, organic acids and their salts, feed enzymes, bacteriophages, herbs, spices, and other plant extractives (phytogenics), mineral and essential oils are included.
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Karthikeyan M, Indhuprakash ST, Gopal G, Ambi SV, Krishnan UM, Diraviyam T. Passive immunotherapy using chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) against diarrheagenic E. coli: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108381. [PMID: 34810126 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal diarrhea due to diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) has been a major concern in the field of livestock farming leading to a severe loss of domesticated animals. This systematic review aims to analyze medical shreds of evidence available in the literature and to discover the effect of IgY in treatment and protection against E. coli diarrhea. METHODS AND RESULTS Research reports that aimed to evaluate the effect of IgY against E. coli diarrhea were searched and collected from several databases (Science Direct, Springer link, Wiley, T&F). The collected studies were screened based on the inclusion criteria. 19 studies were identified and included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk ratios were calculated for the studies and found to be statistically significant to support the therapeutic effect of IgY against E. coli diarrhea but the 95% confidence interval of a majority of studies includes a relative risk of 1. This variability between the effect of IgY in the overall estimate and individual studies accounts due to the presence of methodological heterogeneity. In addition, subgroup analysis revealed the grounds for heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis provide concrete evidence for the favorable effect of IgY as a prophylactic and therapeutic modality against E. coli diarrhea. Yet, more research pieces of evidence with standardized animal studies aimed to utilize IgY against E. coli are vital. Further studies and trials on human subjects could open new perspectives in the application IgY as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukunthan Karthikeyan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srichandrasekar Thuthikkadu Indhuprakash
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gayathri Gopal
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthil Visaga Ambi
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical & Biotechnology and School of Arts, Science & Humanities, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thirumalai Diraviyam
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Li H, Ma L, Zhang L, Liu N, Li Z, Zhang F, Liu X, Ma X. Dietary Inulin Regulated Gut Microbiota and Improved Neonatal Health in a Pregnant Sow Model. Front Nutr 2021; 8:716723. [PMID: 34434954 PMCID: PMC8380823 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.716723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal dietary fiber intake and piglet health. Multiparous sows were randomly assigned to two groups and fed diets without inulin (control group, n = 20) or 1.6% inulin (1.6IN group, n = 20). The results indicate that 1.6IN prevented the prolonged farrowing duration of sows (P < 0.05) and shortened the average piglet birth interval (P < 0.1). In addition, 1.6IN decreased the percentage of the piglet born weak and the percentage of the piglet with hyperthermia after birth (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the 1.6IN group had a lower concentration of urea nitrogen in the colostrum, and also prevented diarrhea, increased litter gain, survival rate, and average daily gain for suckling piglets (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 1.6IN decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, and Streptococcus; increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Desulfovibrio, Paludibacter, CF231, and Prevotella. Overall, this study showed that maternal fiber nutrition during pregnancy regulated the health of offspring, and the response of the maternal intestinal microbes played an important role in intervening in the phenotype of sows and neonatal piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Longteng Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Longlin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Nian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaokang Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Immune Response of Piglets Receiving Mixture of Formic and Propionic Acid Alone or with Either Capric Acid or Bacillus Licheniformis after Escherichia coli Challenge. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6416187. [PMID: 31019970 PMCID: PMC6452560 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6416187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate whether diets containing mixture of formic and propionic acid alone or supplemented with either capric acid or Bacillus Licheniformis can alleviate immune inflammatory response of piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). A total of 30 weaning pigs were assigned to 5 diets, without additive (CON), with antibiotics (ATB), with 1% organic acid (OA; 64% formic and 25% propionic acid), with OA plus 0.2% capric acid (OA + CRA), and with OA plus 0.02% probiotic (Bacillus Licheniformis; OA + PB). After oral challenge with ETEC on day 10, the feces and plasma of all pigs were collected at different time points. Four additive treatments all decreased rectal temperature (RT) at 9 h and fecal scores (FS) at 24 h after challenge (P < 0.05), while at 9 h after challenge, inclusion of OA induced a decrease of RT compared with OA + CRA and OA + PB (P < 0.05). In plasma, concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β was reduced with the addition of ATB and OA at 24 h and 48 h after challenge and it is lower in OA group than OA + CRA group at 24 h after challenge (P < 0.05). Diets with ATB, OA, and OA + PB caused a decrease of the concentrations of IL-6 in plasma at 9 h after challenge (P < 0.05). The four additives treated piglets showed decreased concentrations of plasma tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ at 9 h and 24 h after challenge, respectively (P < 0.05). In conclusion, OA supplementation alleviated the inflammatory response and reduced diarrhea incidence in piglets challenged with ETEC. However, no further improvements were observed when OA supplemented with CRA or probiotics.
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da Rosa DP, Vieira MDM, Kessler AM, de Moura TM, Frazzon APG, McManus CM, Marx FR, Melchior R, Ribeiro AML. Efficacy of hyperimmunized hen egg yolks in the control of diarrhea in newly weaned piglets. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2014.998639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Kwon CH, Lee CY, Han SJ, Kim SJ, Park BC, Jang I, Han JH. Effects of dietary supplementation of lipid-encapsulated zinc oxide on colibacillosis, growth and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Anim Sci J 2014; 85:805-13. [PMID: 24799095 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of lipid-encapsulated (coated) zinc oxide ZnO on post-weaning diarrhea (colibacillosis) in weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Thirty-two 35-day-old weaned piglets were orally challenged with 3 × 10(10) colony forming units of ETEC K88 while eight piglets received no challenge (control). Each eight challenged piglets received a diet containing 100 ppm ZnO (low ZnO), 2500 ppm ZnO (high ZnO) or 100 ppm of lipid (10%)-coated ZnO (coated ZnO) for 7 days; control pigs received the low ZnO diet. Daily gain, goblet cell density in the villi of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, and villus height in the jejunum and ileum, which decreased due to the challenge, were equally greater in the coated ZnO and high ZnO groups versus low ZnO group. Fecal consistency score, serum interleukin-8 concentration, subjective score of fecal E. coli shedding, and digesta pH in the stomach, jejunum and ileum, which increased due to the challenge, were equally low in the coated ZnO and high ZnO groups versus low ZnO. Results suggest that a low level of coated ZnO might well substitute for a pharmacological level of native ZnO in dietary supplementation to alleviate colibacillosis of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hoon Kwon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Wu X, Ruan Z, Gao Y, Yin Y, Zhou X, Wang L, Geng M, Hou Y, Wu G. Dietary supplementation with L-arginine or N-carbamylglutamate enhances intestinal growth and heat shock protein-70 expression in weanling pigs fed a corn- and soybean meal-based diet. Amino Acids 2010; 39:831-9. [PMID: 20213438 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study determined effects of dietary supplementation with L-arginine (Arg) or N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on intestinal health and growth in early-weaned pigs. Eighty-four Landrace x Yorkshire pigs (average body weight of 5.56+/-0.07 kg; weaned at 21 days of age) were fed for 7 days one of the three isonitrogenous diets: (1) a corn- and soybean meal-based diet (CSM), (2) CSM+0.08% NCG (0.08%), and (3) CSM+0.6% Arg. There were four pens of pigs per diet (7 pigs/pen). At the end of a 7-day feeding period, six piglets were randomly selected from each treatment for tissue collections. Compared with the control group, Arg or NCG supplementation increased (P<0.05): (1) Arg concentrations in plasma, (2) small-intestinal growth, (3) villus height in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, (4) crypt depth in jejunum and ileum, (5) goblet cell counts in intestinal mucosae, and (6) whole-body weight gain in pigs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses revealed that both mRNA and protein levels for heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) were higher (P<0.05) in the intestinal mucosae of Arg- or NCG-supplemented pigs than in the control group. Furthermore, the incidence of diarrhea in the NCG group was 18% lower (P<0.01) than that in the control group. Collectively, these results indicate that dietary supplementation with 0.6% Arg or 0.08% NCG enhances intestinal HSP70 gene expression, intestinal growth and integrity, and the availability of dietary nutrients for whole-body weight gain in postweaning pigs fed a CSM-based diet. Thus, Arg or NCG is a functional ingredient in the weaning diet to improve nutrition, health, and growth performance of these neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science, Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
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Chalghoumi R, Théwis A, Beckers Y, Marcq C, Portetelle D, Schneider YJ. Adhesion and Growth Inhibitory Effect of Chicken Egg Yolk Antibody (IgY) onSalmonella entericaSerovars Enteritidis and TyphimuriumIn Vitro. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2009; 6:593-604. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2008.0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chalghoumi
- Animal Science Unit, Gembloux Agricultural University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - André Théwis
- Animal Science Unit, Gembloux Agricultural University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yves Beckers
- Animal Science Unit, Gembloux Agricultural University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Christopher Marcq
- Animal Science Unit, Gembloux Agricultural University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Daniel Portetelle
- Animal and Microbial Biology Unit, Gembloux Agricultural University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yves-Jacques Schneider
- Biochimie Cellulaire, Nutritionnelle & Toxicologique, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, UCL-Louvain-la-Neuve, Académie Louvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Huopalahti R, López-Fandiño R, Anton M, Schade R. Use of IgY Antibodies in Human and Veterinary Medicine. BIOACTIVE EGG COMPOUNDS 2007. [PMCID: PMC7121454 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-37885-3_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Huopalahti
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Rosina López-Fandiño
- Mercedes Ramos: Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Anton
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44316 NANTES, France
| | - Rüdiger Schade
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Dorotheenstr. 94, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Nomura S, Suzuki H, Masaoka T, Kurabayashi K, Ishii H, Kitajima M, Nomoto K, Hibi T. Effect of dietary anti-urease immunoglobulin Y on Helicobacter pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. Helicobacter 2005; 10:43-52. [PMID: 15691314 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Helicobacter pylori is known to be a major pathogenic factor in the development of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Recently, chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin Y (IgY) has been recognized as an inexpensive antibody source for passive immunization against gastrointestinal infections. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of anti-urease IgY on H. pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. METHODS H. pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils were administered a diet containing anti-urease IgY, with or without famotidine (F). After 10 weeks, bacterial culture and measurement of the gastric mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were performed. In a second experiment, another group of gerbils was started on a diet containing F + IgY a week prior to H. pylori inoculation. After 9 weeks, these animals were examined. RESULTS In the H. pylori-infected gerbils, there were no significant differences in the level of H. pylori colonization among the different dietary and control groups. However, the MPO activity was significantly decreased in the H. pylori group administered the F + IgY diet compared with that in the H. pylori group administered the IgY, F, or control diet. Furthermore, in the gerbils administered the F + IgY diet prior to the bacterial inoculation, inhibition of H. pylori colonization and suppression of the elevated gastric mucosal MPO activity were observed. CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of urease-specific IgY not only inhibited H. pylori disease activity in H. pylori-infected gerbils, but also prevented H. pylori colonization in those not yet infected. These encouraging results may pave the way for a novel therapeutic and prophylactic approach in the management of H. pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Nomura
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Gürtler M, Methner U, Kobilke H, Fehlhaber K. Effect of orally administered egg yolk antibodies on Salmonella enteritidis contamination of hen's eggs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 51:129-34. [PMID: 15107039 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2004.00739.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Gürtler
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Food Hygiene, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Mine Y, Kovacs-Nolan J. Chicken egg yolk antibodies as therapeutics in enteric infectious disease: a review. J Med Food 2003; 5:159-69. [PMID: 12495588 DOI: 10.1089/10966200260398198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Passive immunization by oral administration of specific antibodies has been an attractive approach against gastrointestinal (GI) pathogens in both humans and animals. Recently, laying chickens have attracted considerable attention as an alternative source of antibodies for the prevention and treatment of infectious GI diseases. After immunization, the specific antibodies (called IgY) are transported to the egg yolk, from which the IgY then can be separated without sacrificing chickens. A chicken usually lays about 280 eggs in a year, and egg yolk contains 100-150 mg of IgY per yolk, suggesting that more than 40 g of IgY per year can be obtained from each chicken through eggs. IgY is also an alternative to antibiotics for treatment of enteric antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Oral administration of IgY has proved successful for treatment of a variety of GI infections, such as bovine and human rotaviruses, bovine coronavirus, Yersinia ruckeri, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Edwardsiella tarda, Staphylococcus, and Pseudomonas. The IgY technology offers great future opportunities for designing prophylactic strategies against infectious GI diseases in humans and animals. However, there is still controversy regarding the stability of IgY through the GI tract. Finding an effective way to protect the antibodies from degradation in the GI tract would open the door for significant advances in IgY technology and nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Mine
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada.
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Jin LZ, Marquardt RR, Baidoo SK, Frohlich AA. Characterization and purification of porcine small intestinal mucus receptor for Escherichia coli K88ac fimbrial adhesin. FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2000; 27:17-22. [PMID: 10617785 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2000.tb01406.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the nature of, and to purify K88ac fimbrial adhesin-specific receptors in the mucus from the small intestine of piglet. Adhesion was studied by incubating (3)H-labeled Escherichia coli with mucus that were treated with or without pronase, proteinase, trypsin or sodium metaperiodate. The results indicated that treatment with either proteolytic enzymes or sodium metaperiodate (to oxidize sugars) significantly reduced E. coli K88ac or K88+MB adhesion to the mucus, suggesting that the K88ac and K88+MB specific receptors in this preparation were, at least in part, glycoprotein in nature. The K88+MB fimbriae specific receptor was purified using affinity chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified K88+MB specific receptor together with the above data suggested that the receptor from the mucus of the small intestine of the pig was a 80-kDa glycoprotein.
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MESH Headings
- Adhesins, Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Animals
- Antigens, Bacterial
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Bacterial Adhesion
- Chromatography, Affinity
- Chromatography, Gel
- Escherichia coli/growth & development
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology
- Escherichia coli Infections/veterinary
- Escherichia coli Proteins
- Fimbriae Proteins
- Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology
- Intestine, Small/microbiology
- Mucus/chemistry
- Mucus/metabolism
- Mucus/microbiology
- Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry
- Receptors, Immunologic/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Swine
- Swine Diseases/microbiology
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Affiliation(s)
- L Z Jin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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