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Xiao H, Li P, Li X, He H, Wang J, Guo F, Zhang J, Wei L, Zhang H, Shi Y, Hou L, Shen L, Chen Z, Du C, Fu S, Zhang P, Hao F, Wang P, Xu D, Liang W, Tian X, Zhang A, Cheng X, Yang L, Wang X, Zhang X, Li J, Chen S. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Bile Acid Derivatives as FXR Agonists for Treatment of NASH. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:1246-1251. [PMID: 29259742 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has become a particularly attractive target for the discovery of drugs for the treatment of liver and metabolic diseases. Obeticholic acid (INT-747), a FXR agonist, has advanced into clinical phase III trials in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but adverse effects (e.g., pruritus, LDL increase) were observed. Pruritus might be induced by Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5, GPBAR1), and there are chances to develop FXR agonists with higher selectivity over TGR5. In this letter, novel bile acids bearing different modifications on ring A and side chain of INT-747 are reported and discussed. Our results indicated that the side chain of INT-747 is amenable to a variety of chemical modifications with good FXR potency in vitro. Especially, compound 18 not only showed promising FXR potency and excellent pharmacokinetic properties, but also proved superior pharmacological efficacy in the HFD + CCl4 model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Xiao
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Haiying He
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Fengxun Guo
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Jiliang Zhang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Luxia Wei
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Yueyuan Shi
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Hou
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxia Chen
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Du
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Shouliang Fu
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Pengtao Zhang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Fei Hao
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Deming Xu
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Xin Tian
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Building 9,
No. 699-8, Xuanwu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Aiming Zhang
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Building 9,
No. 699-8, Xuanwu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xingdong Cheng
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Building 9,
No. 699-8, Xuanwu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Building 9,
No. 699-8, Xuanwu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjian Wang
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Building 9,
No. 699-8, Xuanwu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Building 9,
No. 699-8, Xuanwu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Chen
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 FuTe Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
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Pellicciari R, Gioiello A, Costantino G, Sadeghpour BM, Rizzo G, Meyer U, Parks DJ, Entrena-Guadix A, Fiorucci S. Back Door Modulation of the Farnesoid X Receptor: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Side Chain Modified Chenodeoxycholic Acid Derivatives. J Med Chem 2006; 49:4208-15. [PMID: 16821780 DOI: 10.1021/jm060294k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbamate derivatives of bile acids were synthesized with the aim of systematically exploring the potential for farnesoid X receptor (FXR) modulation endowed with occupancy of the receptor's back door, localized between loops H1-H2 and H4-H5. Since it was previously shown that bile acids bind to FXR by projecting the carboxylic tail opposite the transactivation function 2 (AF-2, helix 12), functionalization of the side chain is not expected to interfere directly with the orientation of H12 but can result in a more indirect way of receptor modulation. The newly synthesized compounds were extensively characterized for their ability to modulate FXR function in a variety of assays, including the cell-free fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay and the cell-based luciferase transactivation assay, and displayed a broad range of activity from full agonism to partial antagonism. Docking studies clearly indicate that the side chain of the new derivatives fits in a so far unexploited receptor cavity localized near the "back door" of FXR. We thus demonstrate the possibility of achieving a broad FXR modulation without directly affecting the H12 orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pellicciari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo, 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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