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Kumar R. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed 1,2-Diaminations of Olefins: Synthetic Methodologies and Mechanistic Studies. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300705. [PMID: 37743249 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Diamines are synthetically important motifs in organo-catalysis, natural products, and drug research. Continuous utilization of transition-metal based catalyst in direct 1,2-diamination of olefines, in contrast to metal-free transformations, with numerous impressive advances made in recent years (2015-2023). This review summarized contemporary research on the transition-metal catalyzed/mediated [e. g., Cu(II), Pd(II), Fe(II), Rh(III), Ir(III), and Co(II)] 1,2-diamination (asymmetric and non-asymmetric) especially emphasizing the recent synthetic methodologies and mechanistic understandings. Moreover, up-to-date discussion on (i) paramount role of oxidant and catalyst (ii) key achievements (iii) generality and uniqueness, (iv) synthetic limitations or future challenges, and (v) future opportunities are summarized related to this potential area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana, INDIA
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2
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Zell L, Bretl A, Temml V, Schuster D. Dopamine Receptor Ligand Selectivity-An In Silico/In Vitro Insight. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1468. [PMID: 37239139 PMCID: PMC10216180 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Different dopamine receptor (DR) subtypes are involved in pathophysiological conditions such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), schizophrenia and depression. While many DR-targeting drugs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), only a very small number are truly selective for one of the DR subtypes. Additionally, most of them show promiscuous activity at related G-protein coupled receptors, thus suffering from diverse side-effect profiles. Multiple studies have shown that combined in silico/in vitro approaches are a valuable contribution to drug discovery processes. They can also be applied to divulge the mechanisms behind ligand selectivity. In this study, novel DR ligands were investigated in vitro to assess binding affinities at different DR subtypes. Thus, nine D2R/D3R-selective ligands (micro- to nanomolar binding affinities, D3R-selective profile) were successfully identified. The most promising ligand exerted nanomolar D3R activity (Ki = 2.3 nM) with 263.7-fold D2R/D3R selectivity. Subsequently, ligand selectivity was rationalized in silico based on ligand interaction with a secondary binding pocket, supporting the selectivity data determined in vitro. The developed workflow and identified ligands could aid in the further understanding of the structural motifs responsible for DR subtype selectivity, thus benefitting drug development in D2R/D3R-associated pathologies such as PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.Z.); (A.B.); (V.T.)
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Nighot D, Jain AK, Ali I, Rawat V. One-pot access to 2-oxazolines via a Castro-Stephens coupling and intramolecular cyclization. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337208666211213141836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim:
Here, we have reported easy one-pot access to a series of oxazolines using a modified Castro-Stephens coupling protocol.
Background:
2-oxazolines have been shown to have significant biological activity and wide-ranging applications in organic chemistry. These properties make oxazolines as heterocyclic compounds of immense importance.
Objective:
The objective of this study is to synthesize oxazoline derivatives via an economical and one-pot protocol.
Method:
2-oxazoline has been synthesized through Cu-powder mediated Castro-Stephens coupling and intramolecular cyclization route. The mechanism involves a rearrangement in which one of the oxygen from the N-acylamino alcohol group is liberated as water and then transferred to alkyne functionality to form 2-oxazoline derivatives. The oxazolines were characterized by NMR, mass, and XRD studies.
Result:
The protocol is economically viable and uses readily available Cu-powder along with DMF for cross-coupling and cyclization steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dnyaneshwar Nighot
- Department of Chemistry, Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University Utter Pradesh-Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201308, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University Utter Pradesh-Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201308, India
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Varun Rawat
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram-122413, India
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4
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Raheel A, Imtiaz-ud-Din, Taj MB, Tahir MN, Al-Shakban M. Synthesis, Structures, and Molecular Docking of Some Bioactive Benzamide Derivatives as Ionic Solids. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218070253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Shen K, Wang Q. Copper-catalyzed diamination of unactivated alkenes with hydroxylamines. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4279-4283. [PMID: 29218196 PMCID: PMC5707484 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00897b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective diamination of unactivated alkenes has been developed with O-acylhydroxylamines as electrophilic nitrogen sources and oxidants. This method provides the first example of metal-catalyzed alkene diamination for directly installing an electron-rich amino group and extends the diamination scope for the synthesis of diverse 1,2-diamines. It offers a rapid and efficient approach to construct a wide range of 1,2-diamines that are an important structural motif in organic synthesis, medicines, catalysts and ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shen
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , Durham , NC 27708-0346 , US .
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , Durham , NC 27708-0346 , US .
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6
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Ye N, Neumeyer JL, Baldessarini RJ, Zhen X, Zhang A. Update 1 of: Recent Progress in Development of Dopamine Receptor Subtype-Selective Agents: Potential Therapeutics for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. Chem Rev 2013; 113:PR123-78. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - John L. Neumeyer
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory,
McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02478, United States
| | | | - Xuechu Zhen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China 215123
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China 201203
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7
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Caubet A, Bosque R, Molins E, Barros FJ, Luna F. Study of the different behaviour of thiazolin and thiazin indazole derivatives with palladium(II) acetate. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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De Moliner F, Crosignani S, Banfi L, Riva R, Basso A. Synthesis of 5-Carboxamide-oxazolines with a Passerini−Zhu/Staudinger−Aza−Wittig Two-Step Protocol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:613-6. [DOI: 10.1021/cc100122n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio De Moliner
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Genova, Italy, and Merck Serono S. A., Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Crosignani
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Genova, Italy, and Merck Serono S. A., Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luca Banfi
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Genova, Italy, and Merck Serono S. A., Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Renata Riva
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Genova, Italy, and Merck Serono S. A., Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Basso
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Genova, Italy, and Merck Serono S. A., Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Synthesis and bioassay of pyrrolyl oxazolines and thiazolines. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:3178-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Neves G, Menegatti R, Antonio CB, Grazziottin LR, Vieira RO, Rates SM, Noël F, Barreiro EJ, Fraga CA. Searching for multi-target antipsychotics: Discovery of orally active heterocyclic N-phenylpiperazine ligands of D2-like and 5-HT1A receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1925-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Gaumont AC, Gulea M, Levillain J. Overview of the Chemistry of 2-Thiazolines. Chem Rev 2009; 109:1371-401. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800189z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie-Claude Gaumont
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Mihaela Gulea
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jocelyne Levillain
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen, 14050 Caen, France
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13
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Petersson MJ, Jenkins ID, Loughlin WA. The use of phosphonium anhydrides for the synthesis of 2-oxazolines, 2-thiazolines and 2-dihydrooxazine under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:739-46. [DOI: 10.1039/b818310d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Maekawa K, Hishikawa N, Kubo K, Igarashi T, Sakurai T. Preferential formation of cis-4,5-dihydrooxazole derivatives via photoinduced electron transfer-initiated cyclization of N-acyl-α-dehydroarylalanine alkyl esters. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Zhang A, Neumeyer JL, Baldessarini RJ. Recent progress in development of dopamine receptor subtype-selective agents: potential therapeutics for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Chem Rev 2007; 107:274-302. [PMID: 17212477 DOI: 10.1021/cr050263h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Kamila S, Biehl ER. Synthesis of thiazolines by the reaction of aryl ketonitriles with cysteamineviamicrowave irradiation. J Heterocycl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Guirado A, Andreu R, Martiz B, Pérez-Ballester S. Stereoselective synthesis of (E)-4-alkoxy-2-aryl-5-chloro-2-thiazolines. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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19
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Löber S, Hübner H, Gmeiner P. Synthesis and biological investigations of dopaminergic partial agonists preferentially recognizing the D4 receptor subtype. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:2955-9. [PMID: 16563764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2006] [Revised: 02/24/2006] [Accepted: 02/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aminomethyl-substituted biaryls bearing a pyrazole or triazole moiety were synthesized and investigated for dopamine and serotonin receptor binding. The N-arylpyrazoles 3b,f,g and 4 revealed Ki values in the subnanomolar range (0.28-0.70 nM) for the dopamine D4 receptor subtype. Employing both mitogenesis and GTPgammaS assays, ligand efficacy was evaluated indicating partial agonist properties. Interestingly, the tetrahydropyrimidine 4 (FAUC 2020) displayed significant intrinsic selectivity for D2(long) over D2(short).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Löber
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander University, Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
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20
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Emtenäs H, Taflin C, Almqvist F. Efficient microwave assisted synthesis of optically active bicyclic 2-pyridinones via delta2-thiazolines. Mol Divers 2004; 7:165-9. [PMID: 14870846 DOI: 10.1023/b:modi.0000006800.46154.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A new efficient synthesis of optically active bicyclic 2-pyridiones has been developed using microwave irradiation. The synthesis is a two-step procedure via delta2-thiazolines, which only requires a 3 + 2 min reaction time compared to 2 days when using conventional heating. The optimized conditions proved to be suitable for the synthesis of a small library in excellent yields and with limited racemizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Emtenäs
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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21
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Katritzky AR, Cai C, Suzuki K, Singh SK. Facile syntheses of oxazolines and thiazolines with N-acylbenzotriazoles under microwave irradiation. J Org Chem 2004; 69:811-4. [PMID: 14750808 DOI: 10.1021/jo0355092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microwave reactions of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (2) or 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride (4) with readily available N-acylbenzotriazoles 1a-j in the presence of SOCl(2) produced 2-substituted 2-oxazolines 3a-j in 84-98% yields and 2-substituted thiazolines 5a-i in 85-97% yields, respectively. With use of this method chiral oxazoline 6, bisoxazoline 7, bisthiazoline 8, and 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazines 9 or 10 have also been prepared in 82-96% yields. These results demonstrate a new application of N-acylbenzotriazoles in the preparation of oxazolines and thiazolines under mild conditions and short reaction times with microwave irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, USA.
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22
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23
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Einsiedel J, Hübner H, Gmeiner P. Cyclic amidines as benzamide bioisosteres: EPC synthesis and SAR studies leading to the selective dopamine D4 receptor agonist FAUC 312. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:851-4. [PMID: 12617906 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of conformationally restricted benzamide bioisosteres led to the chiral phenyltetrahydropyrimidine derivative ent2a (FAUC 312) displaying strong and highly selective dopamine D4 receptor binding (K(i(high))=1.5 nM). Mitogenesis experiments indicated 83% ligand efficacy when compared to the unselective agonist quinpirole. The target compounds of type 2 and 3 were synthesized in enantiopure form starting from asparagine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Einsiedel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander University, Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
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Bergauer M, Hübner H, Gmeiner P. 2,4-Disubstituted pyrroles: synthesis, traceless linking and pharmacological investigations leading to the dopamine D4 receptor partial agonist FAUC 356. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:1937-40. [PMID: 12113813 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Solution-phase synthesis and a solid-phase supported approach to piperazinylmethyl substituted pyrroles are described. Receptor binding studies and the measurement of D4 ligand efficacy led to the ethynylpyrrole 1d (FAUC 356) exerting selective D4 binding and substantial ligand efficacy (66%, EC(50)=1.9nM). This activity profile might be of interest for the treatment of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bergauer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander University, Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
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