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Wang CX, Bao HQ, Yan ZC, Wang J, Wang S, Li YX. Knockdown of vitellogenin receptor based on minute insect RNA interference methods affects the initial mature egg load in the pest natural enemy Trichogramma dendrolimi. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38783625 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) plays a crucial role in oogenesis by mediating endocytosis of vitellogenin and a portion of the yolk proteins in many insect species. However, the function of VgR in minute parasitoid wasps is largely unknown. Here, we applied Trichogramma dendrolimi, a minute egg parasitoid, as a study model to investigate the function of VgR in parasitoids. We developed RNA interference (RNAi) methods based on microinjection of prepupae in T. dendrolimi. RNAi employs nanomaterial branched amphipathic peptide capsules (BAPC) as a carrier for double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), significantly enhancing delivery efficiency. Also, artificial hosts without medium were used to culture the injected prepupae in vitro. Utilizing these methods, we found that ovarian growth was disrupted after knockdown of TdVgR, as manifested by the suppressed development of the ovariole and the inhibition of nurse cell internalization by oocytes. Also, the initial mature egg load in the ovary was significantly reduced. Notably, the parasitic capacity of the female adult with ovarian dysplasia was significantly decreased, possibly resulting from the low availability of mature eggs. Moreover, ovarian dysplasia in T. dendrolimi caused by VgR deficiency are conserved despite feeding on different hosts. The results confirmed a critical role of TdVgR in the reproductive ability of T. dendrolimi and provided a reference for gene functional studies in minute insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xing Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Qiao Bao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yan
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Su Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Xi Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Dohanik VT, Medeiros-Santana L, Santos CG, Santana WC, Serrão JE. Expression and function of the vitellogenin receptor in the hypopharyngeal glands of the honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 116:e22120. [PMID: 38739744 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The vitellogenin receptor (VgR) is essential for the uptake and transport of the yolk precursor, vitellogenin (Vg). Vg is synthesized in the fat body, released in the hemolymph, and absorbed in the ovaries, via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Besides its important role in the reproductive pathway, Vg occurs in nonreproductive worker honey bee, suggesting its participation in other pathways. The objective was to verify if the VgR occurs in the hypopharyngeal glands of Apis mellifera workers and how Vg is internalized by these cells. VgR occurrence in the hypopharyngeal glands was evaluated by qPCR analyses of VgR and immunohistochemistry in workers with different tasks. The VgR gene is expressed in the hypopharyngeal glands of workers with higher transcript levels in nurse honey bees. VgR is more expressed in 11-day-old workers from queenright colonies, compared to orphan ones. Nurse workers with developed hypopharyngeal glands present higher VgR transcripts than those with poorly developed glands. The immunohistochemistry results showed the co-localization of Vg, VgR and clathrin (protein that plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles in endocytosis) in the hypopharyngeal glands, suggesting receptor-mediated endocytosis. The results demonstrate that VgR performs the transport of Vg to the hypopharyngeal glands, supporting the Ovary Ground Plan Hypothesis and contributing to the understanding of the role of this gland in the social context of honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luanda Medeiros-Santana
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Rio Paranaíba, Rio Paranaíba, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Tan K, Ma X, Su B, Zhan C, Yang X, Waiho K, Lim LS, Kwan KY. Targeting TtVgR via siRNA Knockdown Elicits Ovarian Cell Death in the Tri-spine Horseshoe Crab. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024:10.1007/s10126-024-10319-7. [PMID: 38676851 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The vitellogenin present in the bloodstream undergoes internalization into developing oocytes through the vitellogenin receptor (VgR), a process mediated by receptor-mediated endocytosis. VgR plays a crucial role in facilitating the accumulation of vitellogenin and the maturation of oocytes. In this study, we characterized a Tachypleus tridentatus vitellogenin receptor (TtVgR) gene from the tri-spine horseshoe crab, revealing a length of 1956 bp and encoding 652 amino acid residues with 12 exons. TtVgR has a molecular weight of 64.26 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.95. Predictions indicate 85 phosphorylation sites and 7 glycosylation sites within TtVgR. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated specific expression of TtVgR in the ovary and yellow connective tissue. TtVgR was identified and distributed in the plasma membrane of oocytes. The siRNA-mediated TtVgR knockdown significantly reduced the transcriptional activity of TtVgR. This depletion induced excessive ROS production, resulting in DNA damage in ovarian primary cells. TUNEL and flow cytometry analyses confirmed ovarian cell apoptosis following TtVgR knockdown, indicating DNA damage in ovarian primary cells. These findings underscore the importance of TtVgR in ovarian cell development, suggesting its potential involvement in vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation. This knowledge may inform innovative breeding strategies and contribute to the sustainable management and conservation of the tri-spine horseshoe crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kianann Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaowan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Ministry of Natural Resources, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Beihai, 536000, Guangxi, China
| | - Boyu Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Chen Zhan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Khor Waiho
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus City, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Leong-Seng Lim
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu City, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kit Yue Kwan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China.
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Liu Z, Zhang N, Wang C, Shi L, Hu Y, Wang Y, Li J. Lrp13a and Lrp13b serve as vitellogenin receptors in the ovary of zebrafish†. Biol Reprod 2024:ioae040. [PMID: 38660750 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In oviparous animals, egg yolk is largely derived from vitellogenin, which is taken up from the maternal circulation by the growing oocytes via the vitellogenin receptor. Recently, a novel member of the lipoprotein receptor superfamily termed low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 was identified and proposed as a candidate of vitellogenin receptor in oviparous animals. However, the roles of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 in vitellogenesis are still poorly defined. Here, we investigated the expression, vitellogenin-binding properties, and function of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 in zebrafish. Two different lrp13 genes termed lrp13a and lrp13b were found in zebrafish. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed both lrp13s to be predominantly expressed in zebrafish ovary, and in situ hybridization detected both lrp13s transcripts in the ooplasm of early stage oocytes. Two yeast hybrid studies showed that among eight vitellogenins of zebrafish, Vtg1, 2, and 3 bind to Lrp13a, while Vtg1, 2, and 5 bind to Lrp13b. We created zebrafish lrp13a and lrp13b mutant lines using CRISPR/Cas9. Knockout of lrp13a leads to a male-biased sex ratio and decreased diameter of embryo yolk, while knockout of lrp13b and double knockout of lrp13a and lrp13b leads to the delay of vitellogenesis, followed by follicular atresia. These phenotypes of mutants can be explained by the disruption of vitellogenesis in the absence of Lrp13s. Taken together, our results indicate that both Lrp13a and Lrp13b can serve as vitellogenin receptors in zebrafish among other vitellogenin receptors that are not yet described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chuangxin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lina Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianzhen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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Zhong S, Pan L, Wang Z, Zeng Z. Revealing Changes in Ovarian and Hemolymphatic Metabolites Using Widely Targeted Metabolomics between Newly Emerged and Laying Queens of Honeybee ( Apis mellifera). INSECTS 2024; 15:263. [PMID: 38667393 PMCID: PMC11050517 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The queen bee is a central and pivotal figure within the colony, serving as the sole fertile female responsible for its reproduction. The queen possesses an open circulatory system, with her ovaries immersed in hemolymph. A continuous and intricate transportation and interchange of substances exist between the ovaries and hemolymph of queen bees. To determine the characteristic metabolites in the hemolymph and ovary, as well as understand how their rapid metabolism contributes to the process of egg-laying by queens, we reared Apis mellifera queens from three different age groups: newly emerged queen (NEQ), newly laying queen (NLQ), and old laying queen (OLQ). Using widely targeted metabolomics, our study revealed that the laying queen (NLQ and OLQ) exhibited faster fatty acid metabolism, up-regulated expression of antioxidants, and significant depletion of amino acids compared to the NEQ. This study revealed that the levels of carnitine and antioxidants (GSH, 2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, etc.) in the NLQ and OLQ were significantly higher compared to NEQ. However, most of the differentially expressed amino acids, such as L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-aspartic acid, etc., detected in NLQ and OLQ were down-regulated compared to the NEQ. Following egg-laying, pathways in the queens change significantly, e.g., Tryptophan metabolism, Tyrosine metabolism, cAMP signaling pathway, etc. Our results suggest that carnitine and antioxidants work together to maintain the redox balance of the queen. Additionally, various amino acids are responsible for maintaining the queen's egg production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Zhong
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Luxia Pan
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zilong Wang
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhijiang Zeng
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
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Casuso A, Benavente BP, Leal Y, Carrera-Naipil C, Valenzuela-Muñoz V, Gallardo-Escárate C. Sex-Biased Transcription Expression of Vitellogenins Reveals Fusion Gene and MicroRNA Regulation in the Sea Louse Caligus rogercresseyi. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:243-260. [PMID: 38294574 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The caligid ectoparasite, Caligus rogercresseyi, is one of the main concerns in the Chilean salmon industry. The molecular mechanisms displayed by the parasite during the reproductive process represent an opportunity for developing novel control strategies. Vitellogenin is a multifunctional protein recognized as a critical player in several crustaceans' biological processes, including reproduction, embryonic development, and immune response. This study aimed to characterize the C. rogercresseyi vitellogenins, including discovering novel transcripts and regulatory mechanisms associated with microRNAs. Herein, vitellogenin genes were identified by homology analysis using the reference sea louse genome, transcriptome database, and arthropods vitellogenin-protein database. The validation of expression transcripts was conducted by RNA nanopore sequencing technology. Moreover, fusion gene profiling, miRNA target analysis, and functional validation were performed using luciferase assay. Six putative vitellogenin genes were identified in the C. rogercresseyi genome with high homology with other copepods vitellogenins. Furthermore, miR-996 showed a putative role in regulating the Cr_Vitellogenin1 gene, which is highly expressed in females. Moreover, vitellogenin-fusion genes were identified in adult stages and highly regulated in males, demonstrating sex-related expression patterns. In females, the identified fusion genes merged with several non-vitellogenin genes involved in biological processes of ribosome assembly, BMP signaling pathway, and biosynthetic processes. This study reports the genome array of vitellogenins in C. rogercresseyi for the first time, revealing the putative role of fusion genes and miRNA regulation in sea lice biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Casuso
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Bárbara P Benavente
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Yeny Leal
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Crisleri Carrera-Naipil
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Valentina Valenzuela-Muñoz
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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7
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Dai Y, Yang F, Li J, Fu H, Wang X, Wan B, Cai M, Xin T, Xia B, Zhong L, Zou Z. Sublethal Effects of Emamectin Benzoate on Development and Reproduction and RNAi of the Vitellogenin Gene in Spodoptera frugiperda. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:200-208. [PMID: 38159287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda, one of the most destructive corn pests in the world, invaded China in December 2018. In this study, sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC30) of emamectin benzoate (EB) were used to treat pesticide-free treatment (PFT) and EB treatment (ET) of S. frugiperda. In PFT, compared with the control (CK), the pupal weight, hatching rate, and pupation rate of LC10 and LC30 groups were significantly reduced. The fecundity and the expression of vitellogenin gene (SfVg) were decreased after LC30 treatment, while the LC10 treatment groups showed no significant difference from the control group. In ET, compared to CK, the fecundity was increased by 11.14 and 18.8%. The expression of SfVg was upregulated by 2.6 times after LC30 treatment. Moreover, RNAi-mediated SfVg knockdown resulted in a nearly 70% reduction in oviposition. The result provided a theoretical basis for optimizing the application of EB and Vg-dsRNA in the control of S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dai
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fanqin Yang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Huinan Fu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Industry Development & Service Center for Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Bin Wan
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Meiting Cai
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Tianrong Xin
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Bin Xia
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Industry Development & Service Center for Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Zhiwen Zou
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Kodrík D, Čapková Frydrychová R, Hlávková D, Skoková Habuštová O, Štěrbová H. Unusual functions of insect vitellogenins: minireview. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S475-S487. [PMID: 38165752 PMCID: PMC10861248 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Insect vitellogenins are an intriguing class of complex proteins. They primarily serve as a source of energy for the developing embryo in insect eggs. Vitellogenesis is a complex hormonally and neurally controlled process that command synthesis of vitellogenin molecules and ensures their transport from the female fat bodies or ovarial cells into eggs. The representatives of all insect hormones such as juvenile hormones, ecdysteroids, and neurohormones participate in vitellogenesis, but juvenile hormones (most insect species) and ecdysteroids (mostly Diptera) play the most important roles in the process. Strikingly, not only insect females, but also males have been reported to synthesize vitellogenins indicating their further utility in the insect body. Indeed, it has recently been found that vitellogenins perform a variety of biological functions in the insect body. They participate in defense reactions against entomopathogens such as nematodes, fungi, and bacteria, as well as against venoms such as the honeybee Apis mellifera venom. Interestingly, vitellogenins are also present in the venom of the honeybee itself, albeit their exact role is unknown; they most likely increase the efficacy of the venom in the victim's body. Within the bee's body vitellogenins contribute to the lifespan regulation as anti-aging factor acting under tight social interactions and hormonal control. The current minireview covers all of these functions of vitellogenins and portrays them as biologically active substances that play a variety of significant roles in both insect females and males, and not only acting as passive energy sources for developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kodrík
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic.
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Jiang X, Zhong F, Chen Y, Shi D, Chao L, Yu L, He B, Xu C, Wu Y, Tang B, Duan H, Wang S. Novel compounds ZK-PI-5 and ZK-PI-9 regulate the reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with insecticide potential. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:1850-1861. [PMID: 37478561 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Trehalase inhibitors prevent trehalase from breaking down trehalose to provide energy. Chitinase inhibitors inhibit chitinase activity affecting insect growth and development. This is an important tool for the investigation of regulation of trehalose metabolism and chitin metabolism in insect reproduction. There are few studies on trehalase or chitinase inhibitors' regulation of insect reproduction. In this study, ZK-PI-5 and ZK-PI-9 were shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on the trehalase, and ZK-PI-9 significantly inhibited chitinase activity in female pupae. We investigated the reproduction regulation of Spodoptera frugiperda using these new inhibitors and evaluated their potential as new insecticides. Compounds ZK-PI-5 and ZK-PI-9 were injected into the female pupae, and the control group was injected with solvent (2% DMSO). The results showed that the emergence failure rate for pupae treated with inhibitors increased dramatically and aberrant phenotypes such as difficulty in wings spreading occurred. The oviposition period and longevity of female adults in the treated group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and the ovaries developed more slowly and shrank earlier. The egg hatching rate was significantly reduced by treatment with the inhibitor. These results showed that the two new compounds had a significant impact on the physiological indicators related to reproduction of S. frugiperda, and have pest control potential. This study investigated the effect of trehalase and chitin inhibitors on insect reproduction and should promote the development of green and efficient insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhong
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Liuhe Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Biner He
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Caidi Xu
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, HangzhouNormal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R.China
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department ,Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, P.R.China
| | - Bin Tang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shigui Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
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Yu H, Yang B, Wang L, Wang S, Wang K, Song Q, Zhang H. Neuropeptide hormone bursicon mediates female reproduction in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1277439. [PMID: 37854192 PMCID: PMC10579919 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1277439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bursicon, a neuropeptide hormone comprising two subunits-bursicon (burs) and partner of burs (pburs), belongs to the cystine-knot protein family. Bursicon heterodimers and homodimers bind to the lucine-rich G-protein coupled receptor (LGR) encoded by rickets to regulate multiple physiological processes in arthropods. Notably, these processes encompass the regulation of female reproduction, a recent revelation in Tribolium castaneum. In this study we investigated the role of burs/pburs/rickets in mediating female vitellogenesis and reproduction in a hemipteran insect, the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. Our investigation unveiled a synchronized expression of burs, pburs and rickets, with their transcripts persisting detectable in the days following eclosion. RNAi-mediated knockdown of burs, pburs or rickets significantly suppressed the transcript levels of vitellogenin (Vg) and Vg receptor in the female whiteflies. These effects also impaired ovarian maturation and female fecundity, as evidenced by a reduction in the number of eggs laid per female, a decrease in egg size and a decline in egg hatching rate. Furthermore, knockdown of burs, pburs or rickets led to diminished juvenile hormone (JH) titers and reduced transcript level of Kruppel homolog-1. However, this impact did not extend to genes in the insulin pathway or target of rapamycin pathway, deviating from the results observed in T. castaneum. Taken together, we conclude that burs/pburs/rickets regulates the vitellogenesis and reproduction in the whiteflies by coordinating with the JH signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Liuhao Wang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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11
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Schilcher F, Scheiner R. New insight into molecular mechanisms underlying division of labor in honeybees. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 59:101080. [PMID: 37391163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2023.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees are highly organized eusocial insects displaying a distinct division of labor. Juvenile hormone (JH) has long been hypothesized to be the major driver of behavioral transitions. However, more and more experiments in recent years have suggested that the role of this hormone is not as fundamental as hypothesized. Vitellogenin, a common egg yolk precursor protein, seems to be the major regulator of division of labor in honeybees, in connection with nutrition and the neurohormone and transmitter octopamine. Here, we review the role of vitellogenin in controlling honeybee division of labor and its modulation by JH, nutrition, and the catecholamine octopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Schilcher
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Scheiner
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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12
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Shen G, Liu D, Xu H, Wu J, Hou L, Yang C, Xia Q, Lin P. A Study on the Effect of Energy on the Development of Silkworm Embryos Using an Estrogen-Related Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14485. [PMID: 37833932 PMCID: PMC10572312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism is a fundamental process in all organisms. During silkworm (Bombyx mori) embryonic development, there is a high demand for energy due to continuous cell proliferation and differentiation. Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are transcriptional regulatory factors that play crucial roles in mammalian energy storage and expenditure. Although most insects have one ERR gene, it also participates in the regulation of energy metabolism, including carbohydrate metabolism in Drosophila, Aphid, and Silkworm. However, no study has reported the direct impact of energy metabolism on embryonic development in silkworms. In this study, we used transgenic technology to increase silkworm (B. mori; Bm) BmERR expression during embryonic development and explored the impact of energy on embryonic development. We found no significant change in the quality of silkworm eggs compared to that of wild-type silkworms. However, there was an increase in the consumption of vitellin, a major nutrient in embryos. This resulted in a decrease in glucose content and a significant increase in ATP content. These findings provide evidence that the acceleration of energy metabolism promotes embryonic development and enhances the motility of hatched silkworms. In addition, these results provide a novel perspective on the relationship between energy metabolism and embryonic development in other insects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qingyou Xia
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Ping Lin
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (D.L.)
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13
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Li Y, Piermarini PM. Dietary calcium (Ca 2+) impacts Ca 2+ content and molecular expression of Ca 2+-transporters in Malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 149:104551. [PMID: 37544474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The renal (Malpighian) tubules of insects play important roles in hemolymph Ca2+ regulation. Here we investigated how dietary Ca2+ loads from sucrose or blood meals affect the Ca2+ content and mRNA expression of Ca2+ transporters in Malpighian tubules of adult female mosquitoes. Using the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti we found that feeding females 10% sucrose with elevated Ca2+ concentration ad libitum for 6 days led to increased Ca2+ content in Malpighian tubules. The increases of Ca2+ content correlated with up-regulations of mRNAs encoding intracellular Ca2+-ATPases (SERCA and SPCA), a plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA), and a K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCKX1). We also found that when adult females were fed blood, tubule Ca2+ content changed dynamically over the next 72 h in a manner consistent with redistribution of tubule Ca2+ stores to other tissues (e.g., ovaries). The changes in tubule Ca2+ were correlated with dynamic changes in mRNA abundances of SERCA, SPCA, PMCA, and NCKX1. Our results are the first to demonstrate that Malpighian tubules of adult female mosquitoes have a remarkable capacity to handle high dietary Ca2+ loads, most likely through the combination of storing excess Ca2+ within intracellular compartments and secreting it into the tubule lumen for excretion. Our results also suggest that the Malpighian tubules play key roles in supplying Ca2+ to other tissues during the processing of blood meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Peter M Piermarini
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States.
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14
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Zhang ZL, Wang XJ, Lu HB, Huang HJ. Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Adaptation Mechanisms of Bean Bug Riptortus pedestris to Different Food Resources. INSECTS 2023; 14:739. [PMID: 37754707 PMCID: PMC10531862 DOI: 10.3390/insects14090739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), poses a significant threat to soybean production, resulting in substantial crop losses. Throughout the soybean cultivation period, these insects probe and suck on various parts of plants, including leaves, pods, and beans. However, the specific mechanisms by which they adapt to different food resources remain unknown. In this study, we conducted gut transcriptomic analyses of R. pedestris fed with soybean leaves, pods, and beans. A total of 798, 690, and 548 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were monitored in G-pod vs. G-leaf (comparison of insect feeding on pods and leaves), G-bean vs. G-leaf (comparison of insect feeding on beans and leaves), and G-pod vs. G-bean (comparison of insect feeding on pods and beans), respectively. When fed on pods and beans, there was a significant increase in the expression of digestive enzymes, particularly cathepsins, serine proteases, and lipases. Conversely, when soybean leaves were consumed, detoxification enzymes, such as ABC transporters and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, exhibited higher expression. Our findings indicate that R. pedestris dynamically regulates different metabolic pathways to cope with varying food resources, which may contribute to the development of effective strategies for managing this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hai-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.-L.Z.); (X.-J.W.); (H.-B.L.)
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15
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Geens E, Van de Walle P, Caroti F, Jelier R, Steuwe C, Schoofs L, Temmerman L. Yolk-deprived Caenorhabditis elegans secure brood size at the expense of competitive fitness. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201675. [PMID: 37059473 PMCID: PMC10105328 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oviparous animals support reproduction via the incorporation of yolk as a nutrient source into the eggs. In Caenorhabditis elegans, however, yolk proteins seem dispensable for fecundity, despite constituting the vast majority of the embryonic protein pool and acting as carriers for nutrient-rich lipids. Here, we used yolk protein-deprived C. elegans mutants to gain insight into the traits that may yet be influenced by yolk rationing. We show that massive yolk provisioning confers a temporal advantage during embryogenesis, while also increasing early juvenile body size and promoting competitive fitness. Opposite to species that reduce egg production under yolk deprivation, our results indicate that C. elegans relies on yolk as a fail-safe to secure offspring survival, rather than to maintain offspring numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Geens
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Francesca Caroti
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob Jelier
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian Steuwe
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Liu X, Qiao X, Yu S, Li Y, Wu S, Liu J, Wang L, Song L. The DUF1943 and VWD domains endow Vitellogenin from Crassostrea gigas with the agglutination and inhibition ability to microorganism. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:104679. [PMID: 36921701 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) is the major precursor of the egg-yolk proteins, which mainly acts as an energy reserve molecule for providing nutrients during embryonic development. Vg also plays an immune function in vertebrates such as fish, but there are few studies on the immune function of Vg in invertebrates. In the present study, a Vg homologue (CgVg) was identified and characterized in oyster Crassostrea gigas. There are three domains in the CgVg protein, including a Vitellogenin_N domain, a domain of unknown function 1943 (DUF1943) and a von Willebrand factor type D domain (VWD). The mRNA transcripts of CgVg were detected in all tested tissues with high expression in the gonad, hepatopancreas and haemocytes, which was 466.29-, 117.15- and 57.49-fold (p < 0.01) of that in adductor muscle, respectively. After Vibrio splendidus stimulation, the mRNA expression level of CgVg in haemocytes increased significantly at 6, 12 and 24 h, which was 1.97-, 3.58- and 1.3-fold (p < 0.01) of that in the seawater group, respectively. The immunofluorescence assay showed that positive signals of CgVg protein were mainly located at the cytoplasm of haemocytes. The recombinant protein of DUF1943 domain (rDUF1943) and VWD domain (rVWD) was able to bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS), mannose (MAN), peptidoglycan (PGN) and poly (I:C), as well as Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and V. splendidus) and fungi (Pichia pastoris). rDUF1943 exhibited stronger agglutination activity towards S. aureus, M. luteus, E. coli, V. splendidus and P. pastoris, while agglutination was only observed in the rVWD group towards P. pastoris. The rVWD inhibited the growth of E. coli, S. aureus and V. splendidus, while no antibacterial activity was detected in rDUF1943 group. Collectively, CgVg not only functioned as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to bind various microorganisms and PAMPs, but also as an immune effector participating in the clearance of invaders, in which DUF1943 and VWD domain were mainly responsible for agglutinating and inhibiting microorganism respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Simiao Yu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Youjing Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shasha Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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17
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Toga K, Bono H. Meta-Analysis of Public RNA Sequencing Data Revealed Potential Key Genes Associated with Reproductive Division of Labor in Social Hymenoptera and Termites. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098353. [PMID: 37176060 PMCID: PMC10179490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eusociality in insects has evolved independently many times. One of the most notable characteristics of eusociality is the reproductive division of labor. In social insects, the reproductive division of labor is accomplished by queens and workers. Transcriptome analyses of queens and workers have been conducted for various eusocial species. However, the genes that regulate the reproductive division of labor across all or multiple eusocial species have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis using publicly available RNA-sequencing data from four major groups of social insects. In this meta-analysis, we collected 258 pairs (queen vs. worker) of RNA-sequencing data from 34 eusocial species. The meta-analysis identified a total of 20 genes that were differentially expressed in queens or workers. Out of these, 12 genes have not previously been reported to be involved in the reproductive division of labor. Functional annotation of these 20 genes in other organisms revealed that they could be regulators of behaviors and physiological states related to the reproductive division of labor. These 20 genes, revealed using massive datasets of numerous eusocial insects, may be key regulators of the reproductive division of labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouhei Toga
- Laboratory of BioDX, PtBio Co-Creation Research Center, Genome Editing Innovation Center, Hiroshima University, 3-10-23 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City 739-0046, Hiroshima, Japan
- Laboratory of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 3-10-23 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City 739-0046, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Bono
- Laboratory of BioDX, PtBio Co-Creation Research Center, Genome Editing Innovation Center, Hiroshima University, 3-10-23 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City 739-0046, Hiroshima, Japan
- Laboratory of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 3-10-23 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City 739-0046, Hiroshima, Japan
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18
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Sheng Y, Chen J, Jiang H, Lu Y, Dong Z, Pang L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen X, Huang J. The vitellogenin receptor gene contributes to mating and host-searching behaviors in parasitoid wasps. iScience 2023; 26:106298. [PMID: 36950109 PMCID: PMC10025991 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) is essential to vitellogenin uptaking and dominates ovary maturation in insects. However, the function of VgR in parasitoid wasps is largely unknown. Here, we applied the Drosophila parasitoid Leptopilina boulardi as a study model to investigate the function of VgR in parasitoids. Despite the conserved sequence characteristics with other insect VgRs, we found L. boulardi VgR (LbVgR) gene was highly expressed in head but lower in ovary. In addition, we found that LbVgR had no effects on ovary development, but participated in host-searching behavior of female L. boulardi and mating behavior of male L. boulardi. Comparative transcriptome analysis further revealed LbVgR might play crucial roles in regulating the expression of some important chemoreception genes to adjust the parasitoid behaviors. These results will broaden our knowledge of the function of VgR in insects, and contribute to develop advanced pest management strategies using parasitoids as biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Sheng
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yueqi Lu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhi Dong
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lan Pang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuexin Chen
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author
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19
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Zhang Q, Dou W, He LQ, Yu SS, Chen JQ, Zheng LY, Wang L, Smagghe G, Wang JJ. Pannier is a key regulator of embryogenesis, pupal development and female reproduction in the insect pest Bactrocera dorsalis. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1352-1361. [PMID: 36427005 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most arthropods are famous for their large reproductive capacity, with the ovary playing a vital role in the process. The study of the regulatory mechanisms of ovarian development may have the potential for a reproduction-based pest management strategy. GATA-binding transcription factors (GATAs) as important regulatory factors mediate many physiological processes, including development, immunity, insecticide resistance and reproduction. The Pannier (pnr), a member of GATA family, was confirmed to be involved in ovarian development of Bactrocera dorsalis in our previous study. However, the direct evidence of pnr regulating the fly ovarian development is still lacking. RESULTS We used CRISPR/Cas9 to create Bdpnr loss-of-function mutations. Homozygous Bdpnr-/- mutants were nonviable, with most individuals dying during embryogenesis, some surviving to the larval stages, and the remaining few dying during pupation. In contrast, heterozygous individuals reached the adult stage, but ovarian development was disrupted, with concomitant decreases in egg laying and hatching rates. We also found that two genes encoding vitellogenin proteins (BdVg1 and BdVg2) and the vitellogenin receptor (BdVgR) were significantly down-regulated in heterozygous mutants compared to wild-type controls. CONCLUSION These results indicate that Bdpnr is required for embryonic and post-embryonic development, including the formation of ovaries. Bdpnr could therefore be considered as a molecular target for tephritid fly pest control. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Qing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Yuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Abstract
Integration between animal reproduction and symbiont inheritance is fundamental in symbiosis biology, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Vitellogenin (Vg) is critical for oogenesis, and it is also a pathogen pattern recognition molecule in some animals. Previous studies have shown that Vg is involved in the regulation of symbiont abundance and transmission. However, the mechanisms by which an insect and its symbiont contribute to the function of Vg and how Vg impacts the persistence of insect-microbe symbiosis remain largely unclear. Symbionts are transovarially transmitted via maternal inheritance of the bacteriocytes in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Surprisingly, Vg is localized in bacteriocytes of whiteflies. Vg could be synthesized in whitefly bacteriocytes by the gene Vg expressed in these cells or exported into bacteriocytes from hemolymph via the Vg receptor. We further found that the juvenile hormone and "Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum" (here termed Portiera) control the level and localization of Vg in whiteflies. Immunocapture PCR revealed interactions between Vg and Portiera. Suppressing Vg expression reduced Portiera abundance as well as whitefly oogenesis and fecundity. Thus, we reveal that Vg facilitated the persistence of whitefly-bacteriocyte symbiont associations. This study will provide insight into the key role of Vg in the coevolution of insect reproduction and symbiont inheritance. IMPORTANCE Intracellular heritable symbionts have been incorporated into insect reproductive and developmental biology by various mechanisms. All Bemisia tabaci species harbor the obligate symbiont Portiera in specialized insect cells called bacteriocytes. We report that the whitefly juvenile hormone and Portiera determined vitellogenin (Vg) localization in bacteriocytes of whiteflies. In turn, Vg affected whitefly fecundity as well as fitness and transmission of the symbiont. Our findings show that Vg, a multifunctional protein, is indispensable for symbiont integration into the reproduction and development of insects. This reflects the outcome of long-term coevolution of the insect-microbe symbiosis.
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Hua D, Li X, Yuan J, Tao M, Zhang K, Zheng X, Wan Y, Gui L, Zhang Y, Wu Q. Fitness cost of spinosad resistance related to vitellogenin in Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:771-780. [PMID: 36264641 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, a worldwide agricultural pest, has developed resistance to an array of insecticides. Spinosad resistance confers an apparent fitness cost in F. occidentalis. In the present study, we compared the reproductive capacities, ovary development, and the expression of the vitellogenin (Vg) gene in spinosad-susceptible (Ivf03) and -resistant (NIL-R) near isogenetic lines of F. occidentalis in order to clarify the reason for the fitness cost in spinosad resistance. RESULTS The NIL-R strain exhibited a 17.9% decrease in fecundity (eggs laid per female) as compared to the Ivf03 strain, and the ovariole was significantly shortened by 2.8% in the NIL-R strain relative to the Ivf03 strain. Compared to the Ivf03 strain, the expression levels of Vg mRNA and protein were downregulated by 33.7% and 32.9% in the NIL-R strain, respectively. Moreover, interference with the Vg gene significantly reduced the expression levels of Vg mRNA and protein, and decreased ovariole length, survival rates and the fecundity of both strains. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the downregulated expression of Vg may contribute to the reduction of ovariole length and consequently to a fitness cost in spinosad-resistant F. occidentalis. The results not only increase our understanding of the evolution of insecticide resistance, but also could contribute to the formulation of control strategy of F. occidentalis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Hua
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangjiang Yuan
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Zheng
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanran Wan
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianyou Gui
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Qingjun Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Fu Y, Cheng H, Zhao C, Huang Q, Chang M, Qiu W, Shen Y, Li D. lncR26319/miR-2834/EndophilinA axis regulates oogenesis of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:65-80. [PMID: 35612298 PMCID: PMC10084222 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Oocyte maturation is critical for insect reproduction. Vitellogenesis, the timely production and uptake of vitellogenin (Vg), is crucial for female fecundity. Vg is synthesized in fat body and absorbed by the oocytes through endocytosis during insect oogenesis. In the silkworm, Bombyx mori, we discovered that a nucleus-enriched long-noncoding RNA (lncRNA) lncR26319 regulates Endophilin A (EndoA) - a member of the endophilin family of endocytic proteins - through competitive binding to miR-2834. The lncR26319-miR-2834-EndoA axis was required for Vg endocytosis in the silkworm; loss of EndoA or overexpression of miR-2834 significantly reduced egg numbers in virgin moths. In addition, accumulation of miR-2834 resulted in pupal and adult deformation and reduced fecundity in females. The expression of Vg, 30-kDa (30K) protein, and egg-specific protein (Esp) decreased after knockdown of EndoA or overexpression of miR-2834, while knockdown of miR-2834 had an opposite effect on the expression of Vg, 30K protein gene, and Esp. These results suggest that the lncR26319-miR-2834-EndoA axis contributes to the endocytic activity in the Vg uptake and leads to the normal progression of oogenesis in the silkworm. Thus, miR-2834 and EndoA are crucial for female reproduction and could be potential targets for new pest management strategies in lepidopterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Yu Fu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Hao Cheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Chenyue Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Qunxia Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Meiling Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Wujie Qiu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Yawen Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Dandan Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu MountainHenan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan ProvinceChina
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Xu Y, Shen G, Wu J, Mao X, Jia L, Zhang Y, Xia Q, Lin Y. Vitellogenin receptor transports the 30K protein LP1 without cell-penetrating peptide, into the oocytes of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1117505. [PMID: 36776972 PMCID: PMC9908958 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1117505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs) transport vitellogenin (Vg) into oocytes, thereby promoting egg growth and embryonic development. VgRs recognize and transport multiple ligands in oviparous animals, but their role in insects is rarely reported. In this study, we investigated whether Bombyx mori VgR (BmVgR) binds and transports lipoprotein-1 (BmLP1) and lipoprotein-7 (BmLP7) of the 30 kDa lipoproteins (30 K proteins), which are essential for egg formation and embryonic development in B. mori. Protein sequence analysis showed BmLP7, similar to reported lipoprotein-3 (BmLP3), contains the cell-penetrating peptides and Cysteine position, while BmLP1 has not. Assays using Spodoptera frugiperda ovary cells (sf9) indicated the direct entry of BmLP7 into the cells, whereas BmLP1 failed to enter. However, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays indicated that BmVgR could bind BmLP1. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays further revealed that over-expressed BmVgR could transport BmLP1 into sf9 cells. Co-IP assays showed that SE11C (comprising LBD1+EGF1+OTC domains of BmVgR) or SE22C (comprising LBD2+EGF2+OTC domains of BmVgR) could bind BmLP1. Over-expressed SE11C or SE22C could also transport BmLP1 into sf9 cells. Western blotting revealed that the ability of SE11C to transport BmLP1 might be stronger than that of SE22C. In the vit mutant with BmVgR gene mutation (vit/vit), SDS-PAGE and western blotting showed the content of BmLP1 in the ovary, like BmVg, was lower than that in the normal silkworm. When transgenic with hsp70 promoter over-expressed BmVgR in the vit mutant, we found that the phenotype of the vit mutant was partly rescued after heat treatment. And contents of BmLP1 and BmVg in vit mutant over-expressed BmVgR were higher than in the vit mutant. We conclude that BmVgR and its two repeat domains could bind and transport BmLP1 into the oocytes of the silkworm, besides BmVg. These results will provide a reference for studying the molecular mechanism of VgR transporting ligands in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanwang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City & Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinxin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueqin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linbang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City & Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City & Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City & Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ying Lin,
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Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) vitelline membrane outer layer protein 1 (VMO1) is produced in the hepatopancreas and transported into ovarian oocytes during vitellogenesis. Gene X 2023; 851:147027. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Chowański S, Pacholska-Bogalska J, Adamski Z, Kuczer M, Rosiński G. Antheraea peptide and its analog: Their influence on the maturation of the reproductive system, embryogenesis, and early larval development in Tenebrio molitor L. beetle. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278473. [PMID: 36454989 PMCID: PMC9714928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many new immunologically active peptides from insects have been identified. Unfortunately, in most cases, their physiological functions are not fully known. One example is yamamarin, a pentapeptide isolated from the caterpillars of the Antheraea yamamai moth. This peptide has strong antiproliferative properties and is probably involved in the regulation of diapause. Additionally, antiviral activity was discovered. The results of the research presented in this paper are, to our knowledge, the first attempt to characterize the biological effects of yamamarin on the functioning of the reproductive processes and embryonic development of insects using a model species, the beetle Tenebrio molitor, a commonly known pest of grain storage. Simultaneously, we tested the possible activity of the molecule in an in vivo system. In this research, we present the multifaceted effects of yamamarin in this beetle. We show that yamamarin influences ovarian growth and development, maturation of terminal oocytes, level of vitellogenin gene transcript, the number of laid eggs, duration of embryonic development, and larval hatching. In experiments with palmitic acid-conjugated yamamarin (C16-yamamarin), we also showed that this peptide is a useful starting molecule for the synthesis of biopharmaceuticals or new peptidomimetics with gonadotropic activity and effects on embryonic development. The data obtained additionally provide new knowledge about the possible function of yamamarin in insect physiology, pointing to the important role of this pentapeptide as a regulator of reproductive processes and embryonic development in a heterologous bioassay with T. molitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Walkowiak-Nowicka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Szymon Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Pacholska-Bogalska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Adamski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariola Kuczer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Rosiński
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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26
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Leipart V, Enger Ø, Turcu DC, Dobrovolska O, Drabløs F, Halskau Ø, Amdam GV. Resolving the zinc binding capacity of honey bee vitellogenin and locating its putative binding sites. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:810-820. [PMID: 36054587 PMCID: PMC9804912 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The protein vitellogenin (Vg) plays a central role in lipid transportation in most egg-laying animals. High Vg levels correlate with stress resistance and lifespan potential in honey bees (Apis mellifera). Vg is the primary circulating zinc-carrying protein in honey bees. Zinc is an essential metal ion in numerous biological processes, including the function and structure of many proteins. Measurements of Zn2+ suggest a variable number of ions per Vg molecule in different animal species, but the molecular implications of zinc-binding by this protein are not well-understood. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine that, on average, each honey bee Vg molecule binds 3 Zn2+ -ions. Our full-length protein structure and sequence analysis revealed seven potential zinc-binding sites. These are located in the β-barrel and α-helical subdomains of the N-terminal domain, the lipid binding site, and the cysteine-rich C-terminal region of unknown function. Interestingly, two potential zinc-binding sites in the β-barrel can support a proposed role for this structure in DNA-binding. Overall, our findings suggest that honey bee Vg bind zinc at several functional regions, indicating that Zn2+ -ions are important for many of the activities of this protein. In addition to being potentially relevant for other egg-laying species, these insights provide a platform for studies of metal ions in bee health, which is of global interest due to recent declines in pollinator numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilde Leipart
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesAasNorway
| | - Øyvind Enger
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesAasNorway
| | | | | | - Finn Drabløs
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Øyvind Halskau
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Gro V. Amdam
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesAasNorway
- School of Life SciencesArizona State UniversityTempeArizonaUSA
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27
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Zheng W, Wu F, Ye Y, Li T, Zhang Z, Zhang H. Small GTPase Rab40C is upregulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone and insulin pathways to regulate ovarian development and fecundity. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:1583-1600. [PMID: 35349758 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The insulin and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) pathways coordinately regulate insect vitellogenesis and ovarian development. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms such as the genes mediating the cooperation of the interaction of these 2 pathways in regulating insect reproductive development are not well understood. In the present study, a small GTPase, Rab40C, was identified from the notorious agricultural pest Bactrocera dorsalis. In addition to the well-known RAB domain, it also has a unique SOCS-box domain, which is different from other Rab-GTPases. Moreover, we found that Rab40C was enriched in the ovaries of sexually mature females. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of BdRab40C resulted in a decrease in vitellogenin synthesis, underdeveloped ovaries, and low fertility. Furthermore, depletion of insulin receptor InR or the heterodimer receptor of 20E (EcR or USP) by RNAi significantly decreased the transcription of BdRab40C and resulted in lower fecundity. Further studies revealed that the transcription of BdRab40C could be upregulated by the injection of insulin or 20E. These results indicate that Rab40C participates in the insulin and 20E pathways to coordinately regulate reproduction in B. dorsalis. Our results not only provide new insights into the insulin- and 20E-stimulated regulatory pathways controlling female reproduction in insects but also contribute to the development of potential eco-friendly strategies for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangyu Wu
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinhao Ye
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianran Li
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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28
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Wolbachia inhibits ovarian formation and increases blood feeding rate in female Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010913. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia, a gram-negative endosymbiotic bacterium widespread in arthropods, is well-known for changing the reproduction of its host in ways that increase its rate of spread, but there are also costs to hosts that can reduce this. Here we investigated a novel reproductive alteration of Wolbachia wAlbB on its host Aedes aegypti, using studies on mosquito life history traits, ovarian dissection, as well as gene expression assays. We found that an extended period of the larval stage as well as the egg stage (as previously shown) can increase the proportion of Wolbachia-infected females that become infertile; an effect which was not observed in uninfected females. Infertile females had incomplete ovarian formation and also showed a higher frequency of blood feeding following a prior blood meal, indicating that they do not enter a complete gonotrophic cycle. Treatments leading to infertility also decreased the expression of genes related to reproduction, especially the vitellogenin receptor gene whose product regulates the uptake of vitellogenin (Vg) into ovaries. Our results demonstrate effects associated with the development of infertility in wAlbB-infected Ae. aegypti females with implications for Wolbachia releases. The results also have implications for the evolution of Wolbachia infections in novel hosts.
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Stabilized Double-Stranded RNA Strategy Improves Cotton Resistance to CBW ( Anthonomus grandis). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213713. [PMID: 36430188 PMCID: PMC9691246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton is the most important crop for fiber production worldwide. However, the cotton boll weevil (CBW) is an insect pest that causes significant economic losses in infested areas. Current control methods are costly, inefficient, and environmentally hazardous. Herein, we generated transgenic cotton lines expressing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules to trigger RNA interference-mediated gene silencing in CBW. Thus, we targeted three essential genes coding for chitin synthase 2, vitellogenin, and ecdysis-triggering hormone receptor. The stability of expressed dsRNAs was improved by designing a structured RNA based on a viroid genome architecture. We transformed cotton embryos by inserting a promoter-driven expression cassette that overexpressed the dsRNA into flower buds. The transgenic cotton plants were characterized, and positive PCR transformed events were detected with an average heritability of 80%. Expression of dsRNAs was confirmed in floral buds by RT-qPCR, and the T1 cotton plant generation was challenged with fertilized CBW females. After 30 days, data showed high mortality (around 70%) in oviposited yolks. In adult insects fed on transgenic lines, chitin synthase II and vitellogenin showed reduced expression in larvae and adults, respectively. Developmental delays and abnormalities were also observed in these individuals. Our data remark on the potential of transgenic cotton based on a viroid-structured dsRNA to control CBW.
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Molecular Characterization of Vitellogenin and Its Receptor in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797), and Their Function in Reproduction of Female. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911972. [PMID: 36233286 PMCID: PMC9569576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is a highly polyphagous invasive pest. The strong reproductive capacity is an important factor in the rapid colonization and expansion of S. frugiperda. Vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) play important roles in insect reproduction. As the precursor of vitellin (Vn), Vg provides essential nutrition for embryonic development, and VgR mediates the uptake of Vg by oocytes. In this context, we cloned and characterized these two genes of S. frugiperda (SfVg and SfVgR) and evaluated their expression profiles in different developmental stages and tissues. The RNA interference experiment was used to investigate their function in vitellogenesis. The ORF values of SfVg and SfVgR were 5250 and 5445 bp, encoding 1749 and 1815 amino acid residues, respectively. The qRT-PCR results revealed that both SfVg and SfVgR were highly expressed in female adults; SfVg was specifically expressed in the fat body, whereas SfVgR was highly expressed in the ovary. In addition, the depletion of either SfVg or SfVgR hindered oocyte maturation and ovarian development, leading to a significant decrease in fecundity. The present study reveals the importance of SfVg and SfVgR in the vitellogenesis of S. frugiperda, laying a theoretical foundation for the development of pollution-free pest control strategies with SfVg and SfVgR as new targets.
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Deng D, Xing S, Liu X, Ji Q, Zhai Z, Peng W. Transcriptome analysis of sex-biased gene expression in the spotted-wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura). G3 GENES|GENOMES|GENETICS 2022; 12:6588685. [PMID: 35587603 PMCID: PMC9339319 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism occurs widely throughout insects and has profound influences on evolutionary path. Sex-biased genes are considered to account for most of phenotypic differences between sexes. In order to explore the sex-biased genes potentially associated with sexual dimorphism and sexual development in Drosophila suzukii, a major devastating and invasive crop pest, we conducted whole-organism transcriptome profiling and sex-biased gene expression analysis on adults of both sexes. We identified transcripts of genes involved in several sex-specific physiological and functional processes, including transcripts involved in sex determination, reproduction, olfaction, and innate immune signals. A total of 11,360 differentially expressed genes were identified in the comparison, and 1,957 differentially expressed genes were female-biased and 4,231 differentially expressed genes were male-biased. The pathway predominantly enriched for differentially expressed genes was related to spliceosome, which might reflect the differences in the alternative splicing mechanism between males and females. Twenty-two sex determination and 16 sex-related reproduction genes were identified, and expression pattern analysis revealed that the majority of genes were differentially expressed between sexes. Additionally, the differences in sex-specific olfactory and immune processes were analyzed and the sex-biased expression of these genes may play important roles in pheromone and odor detection, and immune response. As a valuable dataset, our sex-specific transcriptomic data can significantly contribute to the fundamental elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of sexual dimorphism in fruit flies, and may provide candidate genes potentially useful for the development of genetic sexing strains, an important tool for sterile insect technique applications against this economically important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081, China
| | - Shisi Xing
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xuxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biological Control, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qinge Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biological Control, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zongzhao Zhai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081, China
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Leipart V, Ludvigsen J, Kent M, Sandve S, To TH, Árnyasi M, Kreibich CD, Dahle B, Amdam GV. Identification of 121 variants of honey bee Vitellogenin protein sequences with structural differences at functional sites. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4369. [PMID: 35762708 PMCID: PMC9207902 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are under selection to maintain central functions and to accommodate needs that arise in ever‐changing environments. The positive selection and neutral drift that preserve functions result in a diversity of protein variants. The amount of diversity differs between proteins: multifunctional or disease‐related proteins tend to have fewer variants than proteins involved in some aspects of immunity. Our work focuses on the extensively studied protein Vitellogenin (Vg), which in honey bees (Apis mellifera) is multifunctional and highly expressed and plays roles in immunity. Yet, almost nothing is known about the natural variation in the coding sequences of this protein or how amino acid‐altering variants might impact structure–function relationships. Here, we map out allelic variation in honey bee Vg using biological samples from 15 countries. The successful barcoded amplicon Nanopore sequencing of 543 bees revealed 121 protein variants, indicating a high level of diversity in Vg. We find that the distribution of non‐synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) differs between protein regions with different functions; domains involved in DNA and protein–protein interactions contain fewer nsSNPs than the protein's lipid binding cavities. We outline how the central functions of the protein can be maintained in different variants and how the variation pattern may inform about selection from pathogens and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilde Leipart
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Jane Ludvigsen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.,Fürst Medisinsk Laboratorium, Oslo, Norway
| | - Matthew Kent
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Simen Sandve
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Thu-Hien To
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Mariann Árnyasi
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Claus D Kreibich
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørn Dahle
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.,Norwegian Beekeepers Association, Kløfta, Norway
| | - Gro V Amdam
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Sun R, Liu J, Xu Y, Jiang L, Li Y, Zhong G, Yi X. Genome-Wide Identification and Stage-Specific Expression Profile Analysis Reveal the Function of Ribosomal Proteins for Oogenesis of Spodoptera litura. Front Physiol 2022; 13:943205. [PMID: 35812325 PMCID: PMC9259932 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.943205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (Rps) are indispensable in ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis, which tightly correlate with cell growth and proliferation in different physiological processes across species. Up to now, genes coding for Rps have been identified and studied in many species, however, their information still remains elusive in many insect species, especially in Spodoptera litura. In this study, 81 Rp genes were identified from S. litura genome and were mapped to their positions on the chromosomes. In addition, their physical and chemical properties, gene structure, phylogenetic relationships, targeted microRNAs were also analyzed. Gene ontology analysis disclosed that Rp genes were closely associated with processes related to ribosome biosynthesis, proteins translation processing, molecular binding activities. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed expression profiles of Rp genes varied in different stages of oogenesis, and found that most Rp genes accumulated in previtellogenesis stage. This study described the comprehensive genome-wide analysis of Rp gene family in agricultural pests, which provided foundation for further characterizing the roles of Rps in oogenesis of insects, and some Rp genes may further serve as targets for innovative pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guohua Zhong, ; Xin Yi,
| | - Xin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guohua Zhong, ; Xin Yi,
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Moya A, Tejedor D, Manetti M, Clavijo A, Pagano E, Munarriz E, Kronberg MF. Reproductive toxicity by exposure to low concentrations of pesticides in Caenorhabditis elegans. Toxicology 2022; 475:153229. [PMID: 35697162 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In view of the recurrent applications of pesticides in agricultural producing countries, the increased presence of these substances in the environment raise a demand for the evaluation of adverse effects on non-target organisms. This study assesses the impact of exposure to five pesticides suspected of being endocrine disruptors (atrazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, mancozeb, chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin) on the reproductive development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. To this end, nematodes in the L4 larval stage were exposed to different concentrations of pesticides for 24 h and the consequences on brood size, percentage of gravid nematodes, expression of reproductive-related genes and vitellogenin trafficking and endocytosis were measured. Moreover, 17β-estradiol was used as an estrogenic control for endocrine disrupting compounds throughout the work. The results showed that all the pesticides disturbed to some extent one or more of the evaluated endpoints. Remarkably, we found that atrazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and chlorpyrifos produced comparable responses to 17β-estradiol suggesting that these pesticides may have estrogen-like endocrine disrupting activity. Atrazine and 17β-estradiol, as well as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and chlorpyrifos to a lesser extent, decreased the brood size, affected vitellogenin trafficking and endocytosis, and changed the expression of several reproductive-related genes. Conversely, mancozeb and cypermethrin had the least impact on the evaluated endpoint. Cypermethrin affected the brood size at the highest concentration tested and mancozeb altered the distribution of vitellogenin only in approximately 10% of the population. However, both products overexpressed hus-1 and vit-2 genes, indicating that an induction of stress could interfere with the normal development of the nematode. In conclusion, our work proved that C. elegans is a useful biological model to identify the effects of estrogen-like endocrine disruptor compounds, and the sublethal endpoints proposed may serve as an important contribution on evaluating environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldana Moya
- Cátedra de Protección vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Tejedor
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Manetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Araceli Clavijo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional, Universidad Nacional de Salta - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. Bolivia 5150, A4408FVY Ciudad de Salta, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Pagano
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Munarriz
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María Florencia Kronberg
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Wu Y, Lian Y, Peng S, Wang A, Yang H, Li J, Yang S, Zhou S. Comparative Genomic-Based Study of Reproduction-Related Genes in Three Fruit Fly Species. Front Genet 2022; 13:893695. [PMID: 35692817 PMCID: PMC9185124 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.893695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) are important pests of fruit and vegetable crops and are difficult to control because of their rapid reproduction rate and egg production. To investigate the key genes regulating reproduction in three fruit fly species, we selected genomic information of three fruit fly species, screened specific genes and single-copy homolog genes, and performed KEGG and GO enrichment analysis on specific genes and single-copy homolog genes of the strong positive select (SP); the results showed that Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett), B. dorsalis (Hendel), and C. capitata (Wiedemann) had seven, 11, and one Vitellogenin-related genes, respectively; Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) had 84 specific genes enriched in immune system-related pathways; B. dorsalis (Hendel) had 1,121 specific genes enriched in signaling pathways related to cell growth and differentiation; C. capitata (Wiedemann) had 42 specific genes enriched in the degradation and metabolism pathways of exogenous organisms; Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) may have a stronger immune system; B. dorsalis (Hendel) has a faster developmental and reproductive rate; and C. capitata (Wiedemann) has a higher detoxification capacity. Only one SP single-copy homolog gene (gene name: very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial) is enriched in the fatty acid metabolic pathway in both Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) and B. dorsalis (Hendel) as well as in Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) and C. capitata (Wiedemann). This study provides a molecular basis for studying the reproductive mechanisms of three fruit fly species and provides a scientific basis for developing effective control strategies for fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinggu Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuyang Lian
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Sihua Peng
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Aqiang Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Heming Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Jinlei Li
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Shuyan Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Shihao Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
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Chen D, Han HL, Li WJ, Wang JJ, Wei D. Expression and Role of Vitellogenin Genes in Ovarian Development of Zeugodacus cucurbitae. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13050452. [PMID: 35621787 PMCID: PMC9143374 DOI: 10.3390/insects13050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) genes encode the major egg yolk protein precursor in arthropods. In this study, four Vgs were identified in Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). Sequence analysis showed that four ZcVgs had the conserved Vg domain. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that four ZcVgs were homologous to the Vgs of Tephritidae insects. The temporal and spatial expression patterns of ZcVgs were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the four ZcVgs showed high expression levels in female adults, especially in the fat body. The expression of ZcVg1 and ZcVg3 was down-regulated by a low dosage (0.5 μg) of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), and ZcVg2, ZcVg3, and ZcVg4 were up-regulated by a high dosage (1.0 and 2.0 μg) of 20E. The expression of ZcVg1 and ZcVg2 was up-regulated by 5 μg of juvenile hormone (JH), while all of the ZcVgs were down-regulated by a low and high dosage of JH. Expression of ZcVgs was down-regulated after 24 h of starvation and recovered to normal after nutritional supplementation. After micro-injection of the gene-specific double-stranded RNA, the ZcVgs’ expression was significantly suppressed, and ovarian development was delayed in Z. cucurbitae females. The results indicate that RNA interference of reproduction-related genes is a potential pest control method that works by manipulating female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-J.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong-Liang Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-J.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei-Jun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-J.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-J.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-J.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-23-6825-0653
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Zheng H, Wang S, Wu Y, Zou S, Dietemann V, Neumann P, Chen Y, Li-Byarlay H, Pirk C, Evans J, Hu F, Feng Y. Genomic signatures underlying the oogenesis of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor on its new host Apis mellifera. J Adv Res 2022; 44:1-11. [PMID: 36725182 PMCID: PMC9936524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Host shift of parasites may have devastating effects on the novel hosts. One remarkable example is that of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, which has shifted its host from Eastern honey bees (Apis cerana) to Western honey bees (Apis mellifera) and posed a global threat to apiculture. OBJECTIVES To identify the genetic factors underlying the reproduction of host-shifted V. destructor on the new host. METHODS Genome sequencing was conducted to construct the phylogeny of the host-shifted and non-shifted mites and to screen for genomic signatures that differentiated them. Artificial infestation experiment was conducted to compare the reproductive difference between the mites, and transcriptome sequencing was conducted to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the reproduction process. RESULTS The host-shifted and non-shifted V. destructor mites constituted two genetically distinct lineages, with 15,362 high-FST SNPs identified between them. Oogenesis was upregulated in host-shifted mites on the new host A. mellifera relative to non-shifted mites. The transcriptomes of the host-shifted and non-shifted mites differed significantly as early as 1h post-infestation. The DEGs were associated with nine genes carrying nonsynonymous high-FST SNPs, including mGluR2-like, Lamb2-like and Vitellogenin 6-like, which were also differentially expressed, and eIF4G, CG5800, Dap160 and Sas10, which were located in the center of the networks regulating the DEGs based on protein-protein interaction analysis. CONCLUSIONS The annotated functions of these genes were all associated with oogenesis. These genes appear to be the key genetic determinants of the oogenesis of host-shifted mites on the new host. Further study of these candidate genes will help elucidate the key mechanism underlying the success of host shifts of V. destructor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huoqing Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengmei Zou
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Vincent Dietemann
- Swiss Bee Research Center, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Neumann
- Swiss Bee Research Center, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yanping Chen
- USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Hongmei Li-Byarlay
- Agricultural Research and Development Program, Central State University, Wilberforce, OH 45384, USA; Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Central State University, Wilberforce, OH 45384, USA
| | - Christian Pirk
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jay Evans
- USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Feng
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Physiological and Population Responses of Nilaparvata lugens after Feeding on Drought-Stressed Rice. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13040355. [PMID: 35447797 PMCID: PMC9028574 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Drought is considered a critical threat to crop growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide, and it also greatly impacts insect development and population growth. Brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is the predominant rice crop pest in China, and the damaging effects of BPH are enhanced by its strong migratory and reproductive capacities. Our results provide useful information about the effect of drought stress on the poor population growth and negative physiological changes in BPH. Negative changes to water balance and osmotic pressure can cause a decline in the quality of BPH; the GST content of BPH feeding on drought-stressed rice was significantly higher than BPH feeding on non-stressed control plants, and the length of flight muscle sarcomeres and mitochondrial content were decreased in BPH feeding on drought-stressed rice. These findings suggest that water management greatly impacts the physiology and population growth of BPH, and provide a basis for understanding physiological and population-wide responses in BPH during drought stress, which may be helpful in understanding the relationship between drought stress and BPH infestation. Abstract Drought stress greatly impacts insect development and population growth. Some studies have demonstrated increased reproductive capacity in drought-stressed insects; however, physiological changes in the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), during periods of drought are unclear. In this study, BPH fed on drought- stressed rice had lower population numbers than BPH feeding on non-stressed rice. Water content, osmotic pressure of hemolymph and total amino acid content of BPH were significantly lower when BPH fed on drought-stressed rice compared to the non-stressed control; however, glucose content and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity were significantly higher in BPH fed on drought-stressed rice. The expression of Vitellogenin and Exuperantia in BPH fed on drought-stressed rice was higher than that in BPH feeding on non-stressed control plants. The size of myofibrils and the abundance of mitochondria in BPH flight muscles were significantly lower in BPH fed on drought-stressed rice compared to non-stressed plants. These results indicate that water management impacts the physiology of BPH, which may be useful in understanding the relationship between drought stress and this damaging herbivore.
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Zhang R, Ji J, Li Y, Yu J, Yu X, Xu Y. Molecular Characterization and RNA Interference Analysis of SLC26A10 From Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Front Physiol 2022; 13:853956. [PMID: 35370768 PMCID: PMC8969416 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.853956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC26A10 is a member of the SLC26 gene family, but its role in insects is still unclear. We cloned the SLC26A10 gene of Nilaparvata lugens (NlSLC26A10) and found NlSLC26A10 contained 11 transmembrane regions and a STAS domain. Expression pattern analysis showed NlSLC26A10 expression was more upregulated in adults than in nymphs, highest in the ovary. After injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of NlSLC26A10, the mRNA level of NlSLC26A10 significantly decreased and, consequently, the ovarian development of adult females was hindered; the amount and the hatchability of eggs and yeast-like symbionts in mature oocytes decreased. Further study showed that NlSLC26A10 might result in decreased juvenile hormone level and vitellogenin expression. These results indicate that NlSLC26A10 plays an essential role in the reproduction of N. lugens.
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Sun X, Liu BQ, Li CQ, Chen ZB, Xu XR, Luan JB. A novel microRNA regulates cooperation between symbiont and a laterally acquired gene in the regulation of pantothenate biosynthesis within Bemisia tabaci whiteflies. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:2611-2624. [PMID: 35243711 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Horizontally transferred genes (HTGs) play a key role in animal symbiosis, and some horizontally transferred genes or proteins are highly expressed in specialized host cells (bacteriocytes). However, it is not clear how HTGs are regulated, but miRNAs are prime candidates given their previously demonstrated roles in symbiosis and impacts on the expression of host genes. A horizontally acquired PanBC that is highly expressed in whitefly bacteriocytes can cooperate with an obligate symbiont Portiera for pantothenate production, facilitating whitefly performance and Portiera titer. Here, we found that a whitefly miRNA novel-m0780-5p was up-regulated and its target panBC was down-regulated in Portiera-eliminated whiteflies. This miRNA was located to the cytoplasmic region of whitefly bacteriocytes. A novel-m0780-5p agomir injection reduced the expression of PanBC in whitefly bacteriocytes, while a novel-m0780-5p antagomir injection enhanced PanBC expression. Agomir injection also reduced the pantothenate level, Portiera titer and whitefly performance. Supplementation with pantothenate restored Portiera titer and the fitness of agomir-injected whiteflies. Thus, we demonstrated that a whitefly miRNA regulates panBC-mediated host-symbiont collaboration required for pantothenate synthesis, benefiting the whitefly-Portiera symbiosis. Both panBC and novel-m0780-5p are present in the genomes of six B. tabaci species. The expression of a novel miRNA in multiple B. tabaci species suggests that the miRNA evolved after panBC acquisition, and allowed this gene to be more tightly regulated. Our discovery provides the first account of a HTG being regulated by a miRNA from the host genome, and suggests key roles for interactions between miRNAs and HTGs in the functioning of symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Bing-Qi Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Chu-Qiao Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhan-Bo Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Xu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jun-Bo Luan
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
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41
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Han H, Han S, Qin Q, Chen J, Wang D, He Y. Molecular Identification and Functional Characterization of Vitellogenin Receptor From Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:325-333. [PMID: 34922376 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs) have vital roles in reproduction by mediating endocytosis of the vitellogenin (Vg) in oviparous insects. Same as most insect species that possess only one VgR, in this study, a single VgR mRNA (HmVgR) was identified in an important natural enemy ladybeetle, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas). The open reading frame of HmVgR was 5,340 bases encoding a protein of 1,779 amino acids. Bioinformatic analyses showed that HmVgR had conserved domain motifs of low-density lipoprotein receptor family. Based on phylogenetic analysis, HmVgR had highly homologous within the Coleoptera. The transcriptional level of HmVgR was initially detected in the newly emerged female adults, gradually increased from day 3 to day 9, peaked on day 13, and then sharply decreased on day 15. Similar to most insects, HmVgR was expressed specifically in ovarian tissue. Moreover, RNA interference (RNAi) clearly decreased the transcription levels of HmVgR, which blocked the deposition of yolk protein in the ovaries, shortened the ovarian length, and led to negative impacts on reproductive-related parameters (i.e., prolonged preoviposition periods, reduced spawning and depressed hatchability). In sum, these results indicated that HmVgR may be critical for yolk protein deposition of oocytes and can play a key role in reproduction of female adults of H. axyridis. Our results provide conclusive proof for the important roles of HmVgR in fecundity, and establish a basis for further research on its interaction with vitellogenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - ShiPeng Han
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - QiuJu Qin
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan 056000, China
| | - Da Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yunzhuan He
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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42
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Xu X, Wang YH, Liu ZL, Wang YQ, He L, Li K, Huang YP. Disruption of egg-specific protein causes female sterility in Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:128-138. [PMID: 33629486 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Yolk proteins are the main source of nutrients during embryonic and early larval development in oviparous animals. Therefore, vitellogenesis is crucial for reproduction. The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a model lepidopteran insect in which there are three yolk proteins: vitellin, 30-kDa protein, and egg-specific protein (Esp). In this study, we explored the gene function of Esp through transgenic clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR-associated protein 9 technology-mediated mutations in the silkworm. We found that Esp mutation resulted in female sterility but had no effect on male fertility. Female mutants could lay eggs after mating, but the eggs were smaller and lighter colored than those laid by wild-type females. The most important finding is that the eggs laid by female mutants did not hatch. Furthermore, we observed stable inheritance of female sterility caused by Esp mutation through successive generations. Thus, Esp encodes a yolk protein that is crucial for female reproductive success and is a potential target for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yao-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zu-Lian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Lin He
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Kai Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yong-Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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43
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Ramos I, Machado E, Masuda H, Gomes F. Open questions on the functional biology of the yolk granules during embryo development. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:86-94. [PMID: 35020238 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biogenesis and consumption of the yolk are well-conserved aspects of the reproductive biology in oviparous species. Most egg-laying animals accumulate yolk proteins within the oocytes thus creating the source of nutrients and energy that will feed embryo development. Yolk accumulation drives the generation of a highly specialized oocyte cytoplasm with maternal mRNAs, ribosomes, mitochondria, and, mainly, a set of organelles collectively referred to as yolk granules (Ygs). Following fertilization, the Ygs are involved in regulated mechanisms of yolk degradation to fuel the anabolic metabolism of the growing embryo. Thus, yolk accumulation and degradation are essential processes that allow successful development in many species. Nevertheless, the molecular machinery and mechanisms dedicated to the programmed yolk mobilization throughout development are still enigmatic and remain mostly unexplored. Moreover, while the Ygs functional biology as a nutritional source for the embryo has been acknowledged, several reports have suggested that Ygs cargoes and functions go far beyond yolk storage. Evidence of the role of Ygs in gene expression, microbiota harboring, and paracrine signaling has been proposed. In this study, we summarize the current knowledge of the Ygs functional biology pointing to open questions and where further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Ramos
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ednildo Machado
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hatisaburo Masuda
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Gomes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Rasool KG, Mehmood K, Tufail M, Husain M, Alwaneen WS, Aldawood AS. Silencing of vitellogenin gene contributes to the promise of controlling red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Sci Rep 2021; 11:21695. [PMID: 34737372 PMCID: PMC8568968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Red palm weevil [Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier)], is native to South Asia and expanding its distribution range globally. Recent invasions of red palm weevil around the world, including Saudi Arabia, has become a global constraint for the production of palm species. Although, several control measures have been tested, none of them seemed successful against this invasive species. Therefore, we focused on silencing the reproduction control gene vitellogenin (Vg) based on RNA interference (RNAi) strategy for its possible application in the management of R. ferrugineus. The Vg is a major yolk protein precursor critical for oogenesis. To do this, fat body transcriptome of R. ferrugineus female adults was sequenced, which provided partial Vg gene transcript (FPKM 5731.60). A complete RfVg gene transcript of 5504 bp encoding 1787 amino acids was then sequenced using RCAE-PCR strategy and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that RfVg has closer ancestry to the coleopteran insects. The RfVg-based RNAi significantly suppressed the expressions of Vg gene. The 15, 20 and 25 days post-injection periods suppressed Vg expressions by 95, 96.6 and 99%, respectively. The suppressed Vg expressions resulted in the dramatic failure of Vg protein expression, which caused atrophied ovaries or no oogenesis and ultimately eggs were not hatched. These results suggest that knockdown of Vg gene involved in R. ferrugineus reproduction is a promising target for RNAi-based management of R. ferrugineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja G Rasool
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tufail
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mureed Husain
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed S Alwaneen
- National Center for Agricultural Technology (NCAT), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S Aldawood
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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45
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Khan MT, Dalvin S, Nilsen F, Male R. Two apolipoproteins in salmon louse ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis), apolipoprotein 1 knock down reduces reproductive capacity. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101156. [PMID: 34729423 PMCID: PMC8545670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis is an ectoparasite of salmonid fish in the Northern Hemisphere, causing large economical losses in the aquaculture industry and represent a threat to wild populations of salmonids. Like other oviparous animals, it is likely that female lice use lipoproteins for lipid transport to maturing oocytes and other organs of the body. As an important component of lipoproteins, apolipoproteins play a vital role in the transport of lipids through biosynthesis of lipoproteins. Apolipoproteins have been studied in detail in different organisms, but no studies have been done in salmon lice. Two apolipoprotein encoding genes (LsLp1 and LsLp2) were identified in the salmon lice genome. Transcriptional analysis revealed both genes to be expressed at all stages from larvae to adult with some variation, LsLp1 generally higher than LsLp2 and both at their highest levels in adult stages of the louse. In adult female louse, the LsLp1 and LsLp2 transcripts were found in the sub-epidermal tissue and the intestine. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of LsLp1 and LsLp2 in female lice resulted in reduced expression of both transcripts. LsLp1 knockdown female lice produced significantly less offspring than control lice, while knockdown of LsLp2 in female lice caused no reduction in the number of offspring. These results suggest that LsLp1 has an important role in reproduction in female salmon lice. Salmon lice are ectoparasites and a major threat to aquaculture industry and wild salmon. Two apolipoproteins in salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Expressed at all stages from larvae to adult, sub-epidermal tissue and the intestine . RNA interference-mediated knockdown of LsLp1 and LsLp2. LsLp1 knockdown female lice produced significantly less offspring than control lice.
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Key Words
- Apolipoproteins
- CP, clotting protein
- Crustacea
- DIG, Digoxigenin
- Ectoparasite
- Gene expression
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- LLTP, large lipid transfer protein
- Lp, lipophorin
- Ls, Lepeophtheirus salmonis
- MTP, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein
- RNAi
- RNAi, RNA interference
- Reproduction
- Vit, vitellogenins
- apo B-100, apolipoprotein B-100
- apoCr, apolipocrustaceins
- apoLp-II/I, apolipophorin-II/I
- dLPs, large discoidal lipoproteins
- ef1α, elongation factor 1 alpha
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tanveer Khan
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sussie Dalvin
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank Nilsen
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rune Male
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Corresponding author. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.
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46
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Leipart V, Montserrat-Canals M, Cunha ES, Luecke H, Herrero-Galán E, Halskau Ø, Amdam GV. Structure prediction of honey bee vitellogenin: a multi-domain protein important for insect immunity. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 12:51-70. [PMID: 34665931 PMCID: PMC8727950 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) has been implicated as a central protein in the immunity of egg‐laying animals. Studies on a diverse set of species suggest that Vg supports health and longevity through binding to pathogens. Specific studies of honey bees (Apis mellifera) further indicate that the vitellogenin (vg) gene undergoes selection driven by local pathogen pressures. Determining the complete 3D structure of full‐length Vg (flVg) protein will provide insights regarding the structure–function relationships underlying allelic variation. Honey bee Vg has been described in terms of function, and two subdomains have been structurally described, while information about the other domains is lacking. Here, we present a structure prediction, restrained by experimental data, of flVg from honey bees. To achieve this, we performed homology modeling and used AlphaFold before using a negative‐stain electron microscopy map to restrict, orient, and validate our 3D model. Our approach identified a highly conserved Ca2+‐ion‐binding site in a von Willebrand factor domain that might be central to Vg function. Thereafter, we used rigid‐body fitting to predict the relative position of high‐resolution domains in a flVg model. This mapping represents the first experimentally validated full‐length protein model of a Vg protein and is thus relevant for understanding Vg in numerous species. Our results are also specifically relevant to honey bee health, which is a topic of global concern due to rapidly declining pollinator numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilde Leipart
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
| | | | - Eva S Cunha
- Norwegian Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hartmut Luecke
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elías Herrero-Galán
- Department of Structure of Macromolecules, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Øyvind Halskau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Gro V Amdam
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
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47
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Nganso BT, Mani K, Eliash N, Rafaeli A, Soroker V. Towards disrupting Varroa -honey bee chemosensing: A focus on a Niemann-Pick type C2 transcript. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 30:519-531. [PMID: 34216416 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We focused our study on the 12 recently identified putative odorant carrier proteins in the ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor. Here we show, via an exclusion of the chemosensory appendages (forelegs and gnathosoma) that transcripts of five of the 12 genes were significantly lower, suggesting that they are likely involved in carrying host volatiles. Specifically, three transcripts were found to be foreleg-specific while the other two transcripts were expressed in both the forelegs and gnathosoma. We focused on one of the highly expressed and foreleg-specific transcript Vd40090, which encodes a Niemann-Pick disease protein type C2 (NPC2) protein. Effects of dsRNA-mediated silencing of Vd40090 were first measured by quantifying the transcript levels of genes that encode other putative odorant carrier proteins as well as reproduction related proteins. In addition, the impact of silencing on mites behaviour and survival was tested. Silencing of Vd40090 effectively disrupted Varroa host selection, acceptance and feeding and significantly impaired the expression of genes that regulate its reproduction in brood cells, resulting in reduced reproduction and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T Nganso
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - K Mani
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - N Eliash
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - A Rafaeli
- Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Centre, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - V Soroker
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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48
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The vitellogenin receptor functionality of the migratory locust depends on its phosphorylation by juvenile hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2106908118. [PMID: 34493670 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106908118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) plays a pivotal role in ovarian vitellogenin (Vg) uptake and vertical transmission of pathogenic microbes and Wolbachia symbionts. However, the regulatory mechanisms of VgR action as an endocytic receptor and translocation from oocyte cytoplasm to the membrane remain poorly understood. Here, by using the migratory locust Locusta migratoria as a model system, we report that juvenile hormone (JH) promotes VgR phosphorylation at Ser1361 in the second EGF-precursor homology domain. A signaling cascade including GPCR, PLC, extracellular calcium, and PKC-ι is involved in JH-stimulated VgR phosphorylation. This posttranslational regulation is a prerequisite for VgR binding to Vg on the external surface of the oocyte membrane and subsequent VgR/Vg endocytosis. Acidification, a condition in endosomes, induces VgR dephosphorylation along with the dissociation of Vg from VgR. Phosphorylation modification is also required for VgR recycling from oocyte cytoplasm to the membrane. Additionally, VgR phosphorylation and its requirement for Vg uptake and VgR recycling are evolutionarily conserved in other representative insects including the cockroach Periplaneta americana and the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera This study fills an important knowledge gap of low-density lipoprotein receptors in posttranslational regulation, endocytosis, and intracellular recycling.
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49
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Zhou H, Liu J, Wan F, Guo F, Ning Y, Liu S, Ding W. Insight into the mechanism of action of scoparone inhibiting egg development of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 246:109055. [PMID: 33894369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the mechanisms of action of natural bioactive products against pests is a vital strategy to develop novel promising biopesticides. Scoparone, isolated from Artemisia capillaris, exhibited potent oviposition inhibition activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (a crop-threatening mite pests with strong fecundity). To explore the underlying mechanism, the vitellogenin (Vg) protein content, and Vg gene expression of mites from three consecutive generations of G0 individuals exposed to scoparone were determined, revealing marked inhibition. This study is the first to explore the egg development defect behaviour of mite pests induced by scoparone. The egg-laying inhibition of mites by scoparone was significantly increased by 47.43% compared with that of the control when TcVg was silenced by RNA interference (RNAi), suggesting that egg-development inhibition of female T. cinnabarinus by scoparone was mediated by low Vg gene expression. Furthermore, scoparone bound to the Vg protein in vitro, and its Kd value was 218.9 μM, implying its potential function in inhibiting the egg development of mites by directly targeting the Vg protein. This study will lay the foundation for the future applications of scoparone as an agrochemical for controlling the strong egg-laying capacity mite pests in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Fenglin Wan
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Fuyou Guo
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yeshuang Ning
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wei Ding
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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50
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Gut-Expressed Vitellogenin Facilitates the Movement of a Plant Virus across the Midgut Wall in Its Insect Vector. mSystems 2021; 6:e0058121. [PMID: 34100642 PMCID: PMC8269243 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00581-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many viral pathogens of global importance to plant and animal health are persistently transmitted by insect vectors. Midgut of insects forms the first major barrier that these viruses encounter during their entry into the vectors. However, the vector ligand(s) involved in the movement of plant viruses across the midgut barrier remains largely uncharacterized. Begomoviruses, many of which are disease agents of some major crops worldwide, are persistently transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). Here, in order to identify whitefly midgut proteins that interact with a devastating begomovirus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), we performed midgut-specific TYLCV coat protein (CP) immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput mass spectrometry proteomic analysis. We find that vitellogenin (Vg), a critical insect reproductive protein that has been considered to be synthesized by the fat body, is also synthesized by and interacts with TYLCV CP in the whitefly midgut. TYLCV appears to be internalized into midgut epithelial cells as a complex with Vg through endocytosis. Virus-containing vesicles then deliver the virus-Vg complexes to early endosomes for intracellular transport. Systematic silencing of Vg or midgut-specific immune blocking of Vg inhibited virus movement across the midgut wall and decreased viral acquisition and transmission by whitefly. Our findings show that a functional Vg protein is synthesized in the midgut of an insect and suggest a novel Vg mechanism that facilitates virus movement across the midgut barrier of its insect vector. IMPORTANCE An essential step in the life cycle of many viruses is transmission to a new host by insect vectors, and one critical step in the transmission of persistently transmitted viruses is overcoming the midgut barrier to enter vectors and complete their cycle. Most viruses enter vector midgut epithelial cells via specific interaction between viral structural proteins and vector cell surface receptor complexes. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is persistently transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci between host plants. Here, we find that TYLCV coat protein interacts with vitellogenin (Vg) in the whitefly midgut. This interaction is required for the movement of the virus crossing the midgut wall and thus facilitates viral acquisition and transmission by whitefly. This study reveals a novel mechanism of virus overcoming the insect midgut barrier and provides new insights into the function of Vg beyond serving as nutrition for developing embryos in insects.
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