1
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Dury J, Ravier G, Michel F. Hip Abductor Muscle Fatigue Induces Different Strategies During Disrupted Postural Control. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:918402. [PMID: 35847456 PMCID: PMC9277083 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.918402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries in sport, and hip abductor muscle weakness has recently been reported as a predisposing factor. Currently, the influence of hip abductor muscle fatigue on ankle joint control has not been elucidated during an ankle disturbed balance exercise. This study aimed to determine the influence of hip abductor muscle fatigue on ankle joint control during a disturbed balance task, and to consider inter-individual variability in the kinematic and neuromuscular reorganizations implemented. Methods Twenty-six healthy subjects (13 males; 13 females) performed a unipedal postural balance task with eyes closed before and after a fatiguing exercise (up to a 50% decrease in strength) of the hip abductor muscles. Subjects completed balance task while equipped with an ankle destabilization device that allows inversion/eversion movements. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the gastrocnemius lateralis (GastL), peroneus longus (PL) and brevis, tibialis anterior, and gluteus medius were recorded during task. Kinematics (e.g., frontal foot angulation) of the ankle complex were determined using inertial measurement units. Results In the overall group, no significant time, sex or interaction effect was observed for kinematic and EMG variables. However, when considering individual responses to hip fatigue, 14 subjects decreased the standard deviation of frontal angulation (−30%) suggesting enhancement of ankle joint control, while 12 subjects increased it (+46%). Normalized EMG for PL and GastL muscles changed with fatigue for both these groups. However, variations were significantly different between groups (p = 0.027 for PL and p = 0.006 for GastL). Indeed, the contribution of ankle muscles increased for the enhanced-stability group while no change for the impaired-stability group. Conclusion These results highlight that subject adopt different neuromuscular and kinematic ankle strategies to control ankle destabilization in response to hip abductor muscle fatigue. Frontal foot angulation variability seemed to be a valuable marker to detect the type of strategy employed. The strategy adopted by the impaired-stability group might have important implications when analyzing risk factors for ankle sprains. Further studies should consider individual responses to fatigue, to understand which factor could predispose athletes to use of one or other strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Dury
- Université de Franche Comté, Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), UFR STAPS, Besançon, France
- Laboratoire Athlète Matériel Environnement, Besançon, France
- *Correspondence: Jeanne Dury
| | - Gilles Ravier
- Université de Franche Comté, Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), UFR STAPS, Besançon, France
- Laboratoire Athlète Matériel Environnement, Besançon, France
| | - Fabrice Michel
- Université de Franche Comté, Laboratoire Nanomédecine (EA 4662), Besançon, France
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHRU Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France
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Espinoza-Araneda J, Bravo-Carrasco V, Álvarez C, Marzuca-Nassr GN, Muñoz-Mendoza CL, Muñoz J, Caparrós-Manosalva C. Postural Balance and Gait Parameters of Independent Older Adults: A Sex Difference Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074064. [PMID: 35409748 PMCID: PMC8997908 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Postural balance and gait are important factors in the functional status of older people; however, few studies have addressed differences by sex. The objective of this study was to analyze the postural balance and temporal−spatial parameters of gait in independent older adults by sex. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Thirty-eight independent older women (69 ± 5 years), and 33 men (71 ± 5 years) were evaluated. The postural balance test with open and closed eyes was performed on two surfaces (hard/soft) on a force platform. Gait was recorded with cameras to analyze cycle duration and speed, step length, stride length, and foot clearance. The area of postural balance was greater in men in all tests (p < 0.001). Foot clearance height and cycle duration were lower in women (p < 0.05). Men showed a negative correlation between the area of balance and gait parameters. In women, a positive correlation was observed between foot clearance and balance with eyes closed. The postural balance and gait suggest discrepancies by sex, showing that older men behave differently according to the requirement of the motor task compared to women. These findings suggest being corroborated in more complex studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Espinoza-Araneda
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Curico 3340000, Chile; (C.Á.); (G.N.M.-N.); (C.L.M.-M.)
| | | | - Cristian Álvarez
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Curico 3340000, Chile; (C.Á.); (G.N.M.-N.); (C.L.M.-M.)
- Department of Health, University of Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Curico 3340000, Chile; (C.Á.); (G.N.M.-N.); (C.L.M.-M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Carmen Luz Muñoz-Mendoza
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Curico 3340000, Chile; (C.Á.); (G.N.M.-N.); (C.L.M.-M.)
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health and Food Sciences, University of Bío-Bío, Chillan 3780000, Chile
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Curico 3340000, Chile; (V.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Cristian Caparrós-Manosalva
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Curico 3340000, Chile; (C.Á.); (G.N.M.-N.); (C.L.M.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-712201746
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Moghadas Tabrizi Y, Mansori MH, Karimizadeh Ardakani M. Postural control and risk of falling in people who are blind: The effect and durability of perturbation and vestibular exercises. BRITISH JOURNAL OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/02646196211067355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect and durability of perturbation and vestibular exercises on balance and the risk of falling in people with visual impairment (VI). Thirty-six men with VI were divided into three groups, including a control and two experimental (perturbation and vestibular) groups. The experimental groups performed perturbation and vestibular exercises for 4 weeks and three sessions per week. Biodex balance system was used to assess balance and falling risk before and after training interventions. To evaluate the effects within and between groups at three levels of measurement: pre-test, post-test, and durability effect between three groups, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one-way ANOVA were used. Repeated measures ANOVA test showed that both experimental groups showed significant improvements in static balance, dynamic balance, and falling risk. In comparison between the groups, the results showed that in the post-test and durability stages, there was a significant difference between the groups and the perturbation exercise group had a greater effect on the dependent variables. Due to the effectiveness of exercises, it is recommended that people with VI pay attention to balance-based perturbation exercises to strengthen the somatosensory system and vestibular exercises to strengthen the vestibular system.
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4
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The Role of Predictability of Perturbation in Control of Posture: A Scoping Review. Motor Control 2021; 26:97-143. [PMID: 34891127 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2021-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Efficient maintenance of posture depends on the ability of humans to predict consequences of a perturbation applied to their body. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the literature on the role of predictability of a body perturbation in control of posture. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases was conducted. Inclusion criteria were studies of adults participating in experiments involving body perturbations, reported outcomes of posture and balance control, and studies published in English. Sixty-three studies were selected. The reviewed information resources included the availability of sensory information and the exposure to perturbations in different sequences of perturbation magnitudes or directions. This review revealed that people use explicit and implicit information resources for the prediction of perturbations. Explicit information consists of sensory information related to perturbation properties and timing, whereas implicit information involves learning from repetitive exposures to perturbations of the same properties.
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Chen XP, Wang LJ, Chang XQ, Wang K, Wang HF, Ni M, Niu WX, Zhang M. Tai Chi and Yoga for Improving Balance on One Leg: A Neuroimaging and Biomechanics Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:746599. [PMID: 34721273 PMCID: PMC8548460 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.746599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The one-leg stance is frequently used in balance training and rehabilitation programs for various balance disorders. There are some typical one-leg stance postures in Tai Chi (TC) and yoga, which are normally used for improving balance. However, the mechanism is poorly understood. Besides, the differences of one-leg stance postures between TC and yoga in training balance are still unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate cortical activation and rambling and trembling trajectories to elucidate the possible mechanism of improving one-leg stance balance, and compare the postural demands during one-leg stance postures between TC and yoga. Thirty-two healthy young individuals were recruited to perform two TC one-leg stance postures, i.e., right heel kick (RHK) and left lower body and stand on one leg (LSOL), two yoga postures, i.e., one-leg balance and Tree, and normal one-leg standing (OLS). Brain activation in the primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area (SMA), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The center of pressure was simultaneously recorded using a force platform and decomposed into rambling and trembling components. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used for the main effects. The relative concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin (ΔHbO) in SMA were significantly higher during RHK, LSOL, and Tree than that during OLS (p < 0.001). RHK (p < 0.001), LSOL (p = 0.003), and Tree (p = 0.006) all showed significantly larger root mean square rambling (RmRMS) than that during OLS in the medial–lateral direction. The right DLPFC activation was significantly greater during the RHK than that during the Tree (p = 0.023), OLB (p < 0.001), and OLS (p = 0.013) postures. In conclusion, the RHK, LSOL, and Tree could be used as training movements for people with impaired balance. Furthermore, the RHK in TC may provide more cognitive training in postural control than Tree and OLB in yoga. Knowledge from this study could be used and implemented in training one-leg stance balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Peng Chen
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le-Jun Wang
- Physical Education Department, Sport and Health Research Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Chang
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuan Wang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Fang Wang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pudong New Area Peoples' Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Xin Niu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Palazzo F, Nardi A, Lamouchideli N, Caronti A, Alashram A, Padua E, Annino G. The effect of age, sex and a firm-textured surface on postural control. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:2181-2191. [PMID: 33988736 PMCID: PMC8282579 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, the influence of plantar sensation has been examined using various textured surfaces with different stiffness materials to assess static balance. This study investigated the effects of a Firm Textured Surface (FTS) along with age and sex-related influences on postural control under different visual conditions. Forty subjects (20 elderly, 10 males, mean age 68.30, 10 females, mean age 68.00, and 20 young people, 10 males, mean age 25.45, 10 females, mean age 27.30) participated in this study maintained a quiet standing on FTS, foam and firm surfaces with eyes open and closed. The center of pressure displacement (CoPDISP), CoP velocity (CoPVEL), and sway velocity of the CoP in anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) direction (VA/P and VM/L) were measured. FTS was associated with lower postural sway measures in both the groups with eyes open and closed. However, the foam surface showed the worst results in all postural parameters under all experimental conditions. Separate four-way ANOVAs were applied to each dependent variable. The main effects of surface (p < 0.0001), vision (p < 0.0001) and age (p < 0.0001 for CoPDISP, CoPVEL and VA/P; p = 0.0003 for VM/L) were significant in each of the four fitted models. Sex was never significant, either as a main effect or an interaction with other experimental factors. Eyes open were able to reduce the negative effects of the foam surfaces but without vision the proprioceptive sensory system cues of the body state become more important for maintaining balance. A good stimulation with rigid texture should be considered as relief to reduce the physiological-related decline of afferent information with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Palazzo
- School of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome ''Tor Vergata'', Via Giovanna Garzoni 39, 00133, Rome, CAP, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Nardi
- Department of Mathematics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Niloofar Lamouchideli
- School of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome ''Tor Vergata'', Via Giovanna Garzoni 39, 00133, Rome, CAP, Italy
| | - Alfio Caronti
- School of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome ''Tor Vergata'', Via Giovanna Garzoni 39, 00133, Rome, CAP, Italy
| | - Anas Alashram
- PhD School of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome ''Tor Vergata'', Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Padua
- School of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome ''Tor Vergata'', Via Giovanna Garzoni 39, 00133, Rome, CAP, Italy.,Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annino
- School of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome ''Tor Vergata'', Via Giovanna Garzoni 39, 00133, Rome, CAP, Italy.,Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medicine Systems, University of Rome ''Tor Vergata'', Rome, Italy
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7
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Chen PJ, Penn IW, Wei SH, Chuang LR, Sung WH. Augmented reality-assisted training with selected Tai-Chi movements improves balance control and increases lower limb muscle strength in older adults: A prospective randomized trial. J Exerc Sci Fit 2020; 18:142-147. [PMID: 32514277 PMCID: PMC7265060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tai-Chi benefits older adults by enhancing balance control and increasing the muscle strength of the lower limbs. However, a complete set of traditional Tai-Chi exercises is sometimes too difficult for beginners. We investigated whether practicing augmented reality-assisted training with selected Tai-Chi movements tailored to the practitioner’s ability (selected Tai-Chi, or sTC) is as effective as performing a complete set of Tai-Chi sequences (complete traditional Tai-Chi, or tTC). Methods In this prospective randomized trial carried out in the Beitou District of Taipei City, Taiwan, community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 and without any debilitating diseases (n = 28) were included. Participants were randomly assigned to the sTC group (n = 14) or the tTC group (n = 14). Participants in the sTC group practiced selected Tai-Chi movements using the augmented reality Tai-Chi training system. Participants of the tTC group were asked to complete the 24-form Yang-style Tai-Chi following the instructions of Tai-Chi masters. Each training session lasted 30 min, with 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention evaluations included functional balance tests, comprising the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and Functional Reach Test (FRT), as well as muscle strength measurements of the lower extremities. Results Pre-intervention evaluations showed significant differences in FRT (p = 0.034) and left hip abductor muscle strength (p = 0.046) between the sTC and tTC groups. After 8 weeks of training, the BBS, TUG, and FRT scores in the sTC group showed significant improvement overall. Although all three functional balance test scores improved in the tTC group, only the improvement in BBS was statistically significant (p = 0.001). After 8 weeks, all muscle strength measurements increased by an average of 3.1 ± 1.0 kgw in the sTC group and 1.6 ± 0.8 kgw in the tTC group. Conclusions The augmented reality-assisted training with selected Tai-Chi movements, designed based on objective measurements of the practitioner’s capability, improved balance control and muscle strength of lower limbs at least as effectively as the complete sequence of traditional Tai-Chi exercises. Trial registration This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of National Yang-Ming University (IRB number: 1000087). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
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Key Words
- Augmented reality-assisted training
- Berg Balance Scale, BBS
- Exercise
- Functional Reach Test, FRT
- Functional balance
- Muscle strength
- Tai-Chi
- Timed Up and Go test, TUG
- augmented reality, AR
- base of support, BOS
- center of pressure, COP
- complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, CMOS
- electromyography, EMG
- selected Tai-Chi, sTC
- traditional Tai-Chi, tTC
- virtual reality, VR
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Penn
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24352, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hwa Wei
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Long-Ren Chuang
- Department of Chinese Martial Arts, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsu Sung
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
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Morris AJ, Christie AD. The effect of a mentally fatiguing task on postural balance control in young and older women. Exp Gerontol 2020; 132:110840. [PMID: 31935440 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a mentally fatiguing task on postural responses to unexpected backward perturbations in sixteen young and sixteen older women. Postural responses were characterized by center of pressure (COP) displacement, corrective COP peak velocity, and electromyography (EMG) of the medial gastrocnemius. Older women had slower reaction time (p = .002), longer EMG onset times (p = .03), larger COP displacement (p = .001), and faster COP velocity (p = .02) than younger women overall. However, only young women experienced mental fatigue (slower reaction times; p = .001) and this was accompanied by significantly faster COP velocity during the mental fatigue condition (p = .02) than the control condition. Performance of mental fatigue task, not necessarily the development of mental fatigue, affects neuromuscular activation in young women only, but does not affect the magnitude of postural response to perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Morris
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, United States of America
| | - Anita D Christie
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, United States of America; School of Kinesiology, Western University, Canada.
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Penn IW, Sung WH, Lin CH, Chuang E, Chuang TY, Lin PH. Effects of individualized Tai-Chi on balance and lower-limb strength in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:235. [PMID: 31455225 PMCID: PMC6712673 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1250-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate whether a simplified and personalized Tai-Chi program could be beneficial for practitioners. A prospective quasi-experimental observer-blinded controlled trial was done in Beitou District of Taipei City. Methods Community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older without debilitating disease (N = 50) participated the study. Those who were willing to participate in exercise program were assigned to individualized Tai-Chi (iTC) group (n = 20), receiving iTC training for 8 weeks, and traditional Tai-Chi (tTC) group (n = 15), receiving tTC training for 8 weeks. Those who were not willing to participate in exercise training were included in the control group (n = 15). Functional balance tests, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), timed up-and-go (TUG) test, functional-reach test, and measurement of lower-extremity muscle strength were conducted before and 8 weeks after the intervention. Results Significant improvements were noted in all functional balance tests and strength assessments of 16 major lower-limb muscle groups in participants of the iTC group compared to the control group, whereas only BBS and muscle strength of hips and ankles were improved in the tTC group. Practitioners of iTC outperformed tTC in BBS and strength of two major muscles. Conclusions Personalized Tai-Chi training designed based on an objective measurement and conducted according to graded intensity and complexity benefitted practitioners after a short period. Trial registration Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03659396, Unique Protocol ID: 1000087 Date of registration: 03/28/2017 The trial was registered retrospectively
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Wen Penn
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24352, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsu Sung
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Eric Chuang
- Department of Integrative Biology Alumnus, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Tien-Yow Chuang
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming University, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Lin
- Center for Rehabilitation and Technical Aids, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
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10
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Sung WH, Liu CC, Wei SH, Chuang LR, Chuang E, Wang KA, Wang JC. Feasibility and outcome of an individualized Tai Chi program for improving balance and strength in the elderly: A pilot study. NeuroRehabilitation 2019; 43:509-518. [DOI: 10.3233/nre-162061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsu Sung
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chun Liu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hwa Wei
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Long-Ren Chuang
- Department of Chinese Martial Arts, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric Chuang
- Intended B.S. Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kevin A. Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shin-Kong Memorial Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Chi Wang
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Do Aging and Tactile Noise Stimulation Affect Responses to Support Surface Translations in Healthy Adults? Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2016; 2016:2941964. [PMID: 27195007 PMCID: PMC4853938 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2941964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate neuromuscular responses to support surface perturbations are crucial to prevent falls, but aging-related anatomical and physiological changes affect the appropriateness and efficiency of such responses. Low-level noise application to sensory receptors has shown to be effective for postural improvement in a variety of different balance tasks, but it is unknown whether this intervention may have value for improvement of corrective postural responses. Ten healthy younger and ten healthy older adults were exposed to sudden backward translations of the support surface. Low-level noise (mechanical vibration) to the foot soles was added during random trials and temporal (response latency) and spatial characteristics (maximum center-of-pressure excursion and anterior-posterior path length) of postural responses were assessed. Mixed-model ANOVA was applied for analysis of postural response differences based on age and vibration condition. Age affected postural response characteristics, but older adults were well able to maintain balance when exposed to a postural perturbation. Low-level noise application did not affect any postural outcomes. Healthy aging affects some specific measures of postural stability, and in high-functioning older individuals, a low-level noise intervention may not be valuable. More research is needed to investigate if recurring fallers and neuropathy patients could benefit from the intervention in postural perturbation tasks.
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12
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Lanzarin M, Parizoto P, Santos GM. Analysis of isokinetic muscle function and postural control in individuals with intermittent claudication. Braz J Phys Ther 2016; 20:48-57. [PMID: 26786077 PMCID: PMC4835164 DOI: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intermittent claudication (IC) is a debilitating condition that mostly affects
elderly people. IC is manifested by a decrease in ambulatory function. Individuals
with IC present with motor and sensory nerve dysfunction in the lower extremities,
which may lead to deficits in balance. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to measure postural control and isokinetic muscle function in
individuals with intermittent claudication. METHOD: The study included 32 participants of both genders, 16 IC participants (mean age:
64 years, SD=6) and 16 healthy controls (mean age: 67 years, SD=5), which were
allocated into two groups: intermittent claudication group (ICG) and control group
(CG). Postural control was assessed using the displacement and velocity of the
center of pressure (COP) during the sensory organization test (SOT) and the motor
control test (MCT). Muscle function of the flexor and extensor muscles of the knee
and ankle was measured by an isokinetic dynamometer. Independent t tests were used
to calculate the between-group differences. RESULTS: The ICG presented greater displacement (p =0.027) and speed
(p =0.033) of the COP in the anteroposterior direction (COPap)
during the MCT, as well as longer latency (p =0.004). There were
no between-group differences during the SOT. The ICG showed decreased muscle
strength and power in the plantar flexors compared to the CG. CONCLUSION: Subjects with IC have lower values of strength and muscle power of
plantiflexores, as well as changes in postural control in dynamic conditions.
These individuals may be more vulnerable to falls than healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Lanzarin
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e Esportes, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Patricia Parizoto
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e Esportes, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Gilmar M Santos
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e Esportes, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
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13
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Aruin AS, Kanekar N, Lee YJ. Anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments in individuals with multiple sclerosis in response to external perturbations. Neurosci Lett 2015; 591:182-186. [PMID: 25711800 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deficit in balance control is a common and often an initial disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the study was to investigate the organization of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments in individuals with MS dealing with external perturbations. Ten individuals with MS and ten age-and-gender matched healthy controls were exposed to external perturbations applied at the shoulder level. The perturbations were either predictable or unpredictable as subjects stood with eyes open or closed. Electrical activity of six leg and trunk muscles as well as displacements of the center of pressure (COP) were recorded and quantified within the time intervals typical of anticipatory (APAs) and compensatory (CPAs) postural adjustments. Individuals with MS demonstrated delayed anticipatory onsets of muscle activity and smaller anticipatory COP displacements as compared to healthy control subjects. The deficiency of the APAs was associated with increased displacements of the COP during the balance restoration phase. The results demonstrate the underlying impairment in anticipatory postural control of individuals with MS. The study outcome provides a background for development of rehabilitation strategies focused on balance restoration in people with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neeta Kanekar
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yun-Ju Lee
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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14
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The Effects of a Perturbation-Based Balance Training on Neuromuscular Recruitment and Functional Mobility in Community-Dwelling Older Women. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Krishnan V, Kanekar N, Aruin AS. Anticipatory postural adjustments in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Neurosci Lett 2011; 506:256-60. [PMID: 22154279 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently exhibit difficulties in balance maintenance. It is known that anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) play an important role in postural control. However, no information exists on how people living with MS utilize APAs for control of posture. A group of individuals with MS and a group of healthy control subjects performed rapid arm flexion and extension movements while standing on a force platform. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of six trunk and leg muscles and displacement of center of pressure (COP) were recorded and quantified within the time intervals typical of APAs. Individuals with MS demonstrated diminished ability to produce directional specific patterns of anticipatory EMGs as compared to control subjects. In addition, individuals with MS demonstrated smaller magnitudes of anticipatory muscle activation. This was associated with larger displacements of the COP during the balance restoration phase. These results suggest the importance of anticipatory postural control in maintenance of vertical posture in individuals with MS. The outcome of the study could be used while developing rehabilitation strategies focused on balance restoration in individuals with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vennila Krishnan
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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16
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Davidson BS, Madigan ML, Southward SC, Nussbaum MA. Neural Control of Posture During Small Magnitude Perturbations: Effects of Aging and Localized Muscle Fatigue. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2011; 58:1546-54. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2010.2095500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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de Freitas PB, Knight CA, Barela JA. Postural reactions following forward platform perturbation in young, middle-age, and old adults. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2010; 20:693-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 08/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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18
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Relationship between dynamic balance measures and functional performance in community-dwelling elderly people. Phys Ther 2010; 90:748-60. [PMID: 20223944 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20090100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor balance control, mobility restrictions, and fall injuries are serious problems for many older adults. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new dynamic standing balance assessment test for identifying individuals at risk for falling in a group of community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional observational study of 72 community-dwelling older adults who were receiving rehabilitation in a geriatric day hospital. METHOD A Dynamic Balance Assessment (DBA) test protocol was developed based on the concept of the Sensory Organization Test and the Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance. The DBA consists of 6 tasks performed on a normal floor surface and repeated on a sponge surface. A flexible pressure mat was used to record the foot's center of pressure (COP) on both surfaces, and loss of balance was recorded. Balance performance also was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale, the Timed "Up & Go" Test, gait speed, and the Six-Minute Walk Test. Participants were classified as "fallers" or "nonfallers" based on a self-report. RESULTS No significant differences were noted between the faller group (n=47) and the nonfaller group (n=25) for demographic variables or medications. The DBA composite scores, which were derived from analysis of COP excursions of the 6 tasks performed on the sponge surface, were able to distinguish between fallers and nonfallers. Of the clinical tests, only the Timed "Up & Go" Test was able to differentiate between the faller and nonfaller groups. Limitations A prospective study is needed to confirm the current findings and to expand testing to a larger and more diverse sample. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that analysis of the extent and amount of COP displacements during selected tasks and under different surface conditions is an appropriate method to assess dynamic standing balance controls and can discriminate between fallers and nonfallers among community-dwelling elderly people.
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19
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Age-related changes in postural responses revealed by support-surface translations with a long acceleration–deceleration interval. Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 121:109-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Tai Chi Chuan is a favourite form of exercise throughout the world and has drawn increasing research interest from international scientists. Biomechanical research into Tai Chi has grown substantially and has provided evidence of the beneficial effects of Tai Chi exercise on health, fitness, and prevention of falls. This paper reviews studies that have explored the biomechanical aspects of Tai Chi, such as balance, kinematics, kinetics, strength, and neuromuscular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlian Hong
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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21
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Mao DW, Li JX, Hong Y. The duration and plantar pressure distribution during one-leg stance in Tai Chi exercise. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2006; 21:640-5. [PMID: 16527382 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2006.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2005] [Revised: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 01/25/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tai Chi exercise improved the balance control and muscle strength of the lower extremities. The aim of this study is to quantify the one-leg stance duration and plantar pressure distribution during the one-leg stance in Tai Chi and to try to elaborate on its probable effects on the ability to balance on one leg. METHODS Sixteen experienced Tai Chi practitioners participated in this study. The Novel Pedar-X insole system was used to record the plantar forces during the execution of a set of 42-form Tai Chi movements and during normal walking. The one-leg stance duration and plantar pressure distribution during the one-leg stance were analyzed. FINDINGS In Tai Chi exercise, the total duration spent in the one-leg stance was less (p<0.05), the duration of each one-leg stance was longer (p<0.01) and the medial-lateral displacement of the centre of pressure was greater (p<0.05) than during normal walking. The peak pressure and pressure-time integral of the second and third metatarsal heads and the fourth and fifth metatarsal heads were significantly greater (p<0.05) than those of other plantar regions during the one-leg stance in normal walking, whereas the peak pressure and pressure-time integral of the first metatarsal head and the great toe were significantly greater (p<0.05) than those of other plantar regions during the one-leg stance in Tai Chi exercise. INTERPRETATION The longer duration of each one-leg stance and the plantar pressure distribution characteristics during the one-leg stance in Tai Chi exercise may be associated with an improved ability to balance on one leg. The findings may provide useful information toward the development of strengthening programs, strategies for the prevention of falls, and the promotion of a physically active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Mao
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shandong Institute of Physical Education and Sports, China
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22
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Mao DW, Li JX, Hong Y. Plantar Pressure Distribution During Tai Chi Exercise. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 87:814-20. [PMID: 16731217 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe and quantify the plantar pressure distribution characteristics during Tai Chi exercise and to explain the beneficial effect of Tai Chi on balance control and muscle strength when compared with normal walking. DESIGN Description and within-subject design. SETTING A biomechanics laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Sixteen experienced Tai Chi practitioners. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pressure-time integral, ground reaction force, and displacement of center of pressure (COP). RESULTS During Tai Chi movements, the loading of the first metatarsal head and the great toe were significantly greater than in other regions (P<.05). The ground reaction forces varied between the Tai Chi movements and normal walking. Compared with normal walking, the locations of the COP in the Tai Chi movements were significantly more medial and posterior at initial contact (P<.05), and were significantly more medial and anterior at the end of contact with the ground (P<.05). The displacements of the COP were significantly wider (P<.05) in the mediolateral direction in the forward, backward, and sideways Tai Chi movements. The displacement was significantly larger (P<.05) in the anteroposterior direction in the forward movement. CONCLUSIONS The plantar pressure characteristics of Tai Chi movements found in this study may be one of the important factors that Tai Chi exercise improves balance control and muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Wei Mao
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
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23
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Prioli AC, Cardozo AS, de Freitas Júnior PB, Barela JA. Task demand effects on postural control in older adults. Hum Mov Sci 2006; 25:435-46. [PMID: 16647771 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2006.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2005] [Revised: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The literature shows conflicting results regarding older adults' (OA) postural control performance. Differing task demands amongst scientific studies may contribute to such ambiguous results. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the performance of postural control in older adults and the relationship between visual information and body sway as a function of task demands. Old and young adults (YA) maintained an upright stance on different bases of support (normal, tandem and reduced), both with and without vision, and both with and without room movement. In the more demanding tasks, the older adults displayed greater body sway than the younger adults and older adults were more influenced by the manipulation of the visual information due to the room movement. However, in the normal support condition, the influence of the moving room was similar for the two groups. These results suggest that task demand is an important aspect to consider when examining postural control in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline Prioli
- Laboratório para Estudos do Movimento, Universidade Estadual Paulista-IB, Departamento de Educação Física, Av, 24a, 1515, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900, Brazil
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