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Haines NA, Fowler MG, Zeh BG, Kriete CB, Bai Q, Wakefield MR, Fang Y. Unlocking the 'ova'-coming power: immunotherapy's role in shaping the future of ovarian cancer treatment. Med Oncol 2024; 41:67. [PMID: 38286890 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a prominent cancer worldwide with a relatively low survival rate for women diagnosed. Many individuals are diagnosed in the late stage of the disease and are prescribed a wide variety of treatment options. Current treatment options are primarily a combination of surgery and chemotherapy as well as a new but promising treatment involving immunotherapy. Nevertheless, contemporary therapeutic modalities exhibit a discernible lag in advancement when compared with the strides achieved in recent years in the context of other malignancies. Moreover, many surgery and chemotherapy options have a high risk for recurrence due to the late-stage diagnosis. Therefore, there is a necessity to further treatment options. There have been many new advancements in the field of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has been approved for 16 various types of cancers and has shown significant treatment potential in many other cancers as well. Researchers have also found many promising outlooks for immunotherapy as a treatment for ovarian cancer. This review summarizes many of the new advancements in immunotherapy treatment options and could potentially offer valuable insights to gynecologists aimed at enhancing the efficacy of their treatment approaches for patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Haines
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 8025, Grand Ave, West Des Moines, IA, 50266, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Mia G Fowler
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Benjamin G Zeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 8025, Grand Ave, West Des Moines, IA, 50266, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Carter B Kriete
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 8025, Grand Ave, West Des Moines, IA, 50266, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
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Smith S, Lopez S, Kim A, Kasteri J, Olumuyide E, Punu K, de la Parra C, Sauane M. Interleukin 24: Signal Transduction Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3365. [PMID: 37444474 PMCID: PMC10340555 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 24 is a member of the IL-10 family with crucial roles in antitumor, wound healing responses, host defense, immune regulation, and inflammation. Interleukin 24 is produced by both immune and nonimmune cells. Its canonical pathway relies on recognition and interaction with specific Interleukin 20 receptors in the plasma membrane and subsequent cytoplasmic Janus protein tyrosine kinases (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of the transcription (STAT) activation. The identification of noncanonical JAK/STAT-independent signaling pathways downstream of IL-24 relies on the interaction of IL-24 with protein kinase R in the cytosol, respiratory chain proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and chaperones such as Sigma 1 Receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum. Numerous studies have shown that enhancing or inhibiting the expression of Interleukin 24 has a therapeutic effect in animal models and clinical trials in different pathologies. Successful drug targeting will require a deeper understanding of the downstream signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the signaling pathway triggered by IL-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simira Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Sual Lopez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Anastassiya Kim
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
| | - Justina Kasteri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Ezekiel Olumuyide
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Kristian Punu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Columba de la Parra
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
- Department of Chemistry, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Moira Sauane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
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Enhancement of recombinant human IL-24 (rhIL-24) protein production from site-specific integrated engineered CHO cells by sodium butyrate treatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1979-1991. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInterleukin-24 (IL-24) has specific inhibitory effects on the proliferation of various tumor cells with almost no toxicity to normal cells. The antitumor activity of recombinant human IL-24 protein produced in mammalian cells is much higher than that of bacteria, but its expression level is extremely low. Sodium butyrate (NaBu) was utilized as a media additive to increase protein expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The site-specific integrated engineered cells FCHO/IL-24 were treated with NaBu under different culture conditions (10% and 0.5% serum adherent culture, 0.5% serum suspension culture). First, 3 days of 1 mmol/L NaBu treatment significantly increased rhIL-24 expression level in FCHO/IL-24 cells by 119.94 ± 1.5% (**p < 0.01), 57.49 ± 2.4% (**p < 0.01), and 20.17 ± 3.03% (*p < 0.05) under the above culture conditions. Second, NaBu has a time- and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on FCHO/IL-24 proliferation and induces G0/G1 phase arrest. Under 10% and 0.5% serum adherent culture, G0/G1 phase cells were increased by 11.3 ± 0.5% (**p < 0.01) and 15.0 ± 2.6% (**p < 0.01), respectively. No induction of apoptosis was observed under a high dosage of NaBu treatment. These results suggest that NaBu increases rhIL-24 secretion via inhibiting cell cycle progression, thereby trapping cells in the highly productive G0/G1 phase. Finally, with increasing NaBu dose, glucose concentration increased (**p < 0.01) while lactic acid and ammonia concentrations reduced significantly (**p < 0.01) in 10% and 0.5% serum adherent culture supernatant. RNA-seq showed that NaBu treatment affected multiple tumor and immune-related pathways. In conclusion, NaBu treatment dramatically promoted rhIL-24 production in engineered FCHO/IL-24 cells by altering downstream pathways and inducing G0/G1 cell arrest with little effect on apoptosis.
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WT1 Inhibits Human Renal Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Induces G2/M Arrest by Upregulating IL-24 Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1093945. [PMID: 35915803 PMCID: PMC9338855 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1093945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) is involved in development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. However, the exact roles and the mechanisms of WT1 in renal carcinoma are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the ability of WT1 to block proliferation in renal carcinoma cells in vitro. Experimental analysis showed that WT1 overexpression inhibited the proliferation of renal carcinoma A498 cells and promoted arrest at the G2/M checkpoint. RNA-Seq identified differentially expressed genes, including IL-24, related to both the cell proliferation and the cell cycle. WT1 overexpression upregulated IL-24 expression, and IL-24 overexpression induced G2/M arrest. ChIP-Seq identified JUN as a direct target of WT1 in A498 cells, in which positive regulation was shown by RT-qPCR. It has been shown that the transcription factor JUN can regulate IL-24 expression, and therefore, we hypothesize that WT1 might regulate the IL-24 through JUN. Furthermore, analysis based on TCGA datasets showed that the expression of WT1-regulated genes, including TXNIP and GADD45A, was significantly correlated with the stage and histological grade of tumors, with high levels linked to favorable prognoses. Our results demonstrated that the overexpression of WT1 upregulates IL-24, leading to G2/M checkpoint arrest to reduce proliferation. These results indicate that regulation of IL-24 by WT1 inhibits proliferation and may represent a potential target for treating renal carcinoma.
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Pradhan AK, Bhoopathi P, Maji S, Kumar A, Guo C, Mannangatti P, Li J, Wang XY, Sarkar D, Emdad L, Das SK, Fisher PB. Enhanced Cancer Therapy Using an Engineered Designer Cytokine Alone and in Combination With an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor. Front Oncol 2022; 12:812560. [PMID: 35402258 PMCID: PMC8988683 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.812560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 or Interleukin-24 (mda-7, IL-24) displays expansive anti-tumor activity without harming corresponding normal cells/tissues. This anticancer activity has been documented in vitro and in vivo in multiple preclinical animal models, as well as in patients with advanced cancers in a phase I clinical trial. To enhance the therapeutic efficacy of MDA-7 (IL-24), we engineered a designer cytokine (a "Superkine"; IL-24S; referred to as M7S) with enhanced secretion and increased stability to engender improved "bystander" antitumor effects. M7S was engineered in a two-step process by first replacing the endogenous secretory motif with an alternate secretory motif to boost secretion. Among four different signaling peptides, the insulin secretory motif significantly enhanced the secretion of MDA-7 (IL-24) protein and was chosen for M7S. The second modification engineered in M7S was designed to enhance the stability of MDA-7 (IL-24), which was accomplished by replacing lysine at position K122 with arginine. This engineered "M7S Superkine" with increased secretion and stability retained cancer specificity. Compared to parental MDA-7 (IL-24), M7S (IL-24S) was superior in promoting anti-tumor and bystander effects leading to improved outcomes in multiple cancer xenograft models. Additionally, combinatorial therapy using MDA-7 (IL-24) or M7S (IL-24S) with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PD-L1, dramatically reduced tumor progression in murine B16 melanoma cells. These results portend that M7S (IL-24S) promotes the re-emergence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, providing a solid rationale for prospective translational applications of this therapeutic designer cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjan K. Pradhan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Santanu Maji
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Chunqing Guo
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Padmanabhan Mannangatti
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Jiong Li
- Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Swadesh K. Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Swadesh K. Das, ; Paul B. Fisher,
| | - Paul B. Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Swadesh K. Das, ; Paul B. Fisher,
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Mori H, Saeki K, Chang G, Wang J, Wu X, Hsu PY, Kanaya N, Wang X, Somlo G, Nakamura M, Bild A, Chen S. Influence of Estrogen Treatment on ESR1+ and ESR1- Cells in ER + Breast Cancer: Insights from Single-Cell Analysis of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246375. [PMID: 34944995 PMCID: PMC8699443 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The benefit of endocrine therapy is normally observed for cancers with 10% or more of cells positive for ER expression. We compared the gene expression profiles in both ESR1+ and ESR1– cells in ER+ tumors following estrogen treatment. Our single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of estrogen-stimulated (SC31) and estrogen-suppressed (GS3) patient-derived xenograft models offered an unprecedented opportunity to address the molecular and functional differences between ESR1+ and ESR1– cells. While estrogen should activate ERα and stimulate ESR1+ cells, our findings regarding ESR1– cells were important, indicating that the proliferation of ESR1– cells in ER+ cancer is also influenced by estrogen. Another valuable finding from our studies was that estrogen also upregulated a tumor-suppressor gene, IL-24, only in GS3. Estrogen increased the percentage of cells expressing IL-24, associated with the estrogen-dependent inhibition of GS3 tumor growth. Abstract A 100% ER positivity is not required for an endocrine therapy response. Furthermore, while estrogen typically promotes the progression of hormone-dependent breast cancer via the activation of estrogen receptor (ER)-α, estrogen-induced tumor suppression in ER+ breast cancer has been clinically observed. With the success in establishing estrogen-stimulated (SC31) and estrogen-suppressed (GS3) patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis was performed to determine the impact of estrogen on ESR1+ and ESR1– tumor cells. We found that 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced suppression of GS3 transpired through wild-type and unamplified ERα. E2 upregulated the expression of estrogen-dependent genes in both SC31 and GS3; however, E2 induced cell cycle advance in SC31, while it resulted in cell cycle arrest in GS3. Importantly, these gene expression changes occurred in both ESR1+ and ESR1– cells within the same breast tumors, demonstrating for the first time a differential effect of estrogen on ESR1– cells. E2 also upregulated a tumor-suppressor gene, IL-24, in GS3. The apoptosis gene set was upregulated and the G2M checkpoint gene set was downregulated in most IL-24+ cells after E2 treatment. In summary, estrogen affected pathologically defined ER+ tumors differently, influencing both ESR1+ and ESR1– cells. Our results also suggest IL-24 to be a potential marker of estrogen-suppressed tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Mori
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (H.M.); (K.S.); (G.C.); (P.-Y.H.); (N.K.); (X.W.)
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Kohei Saeki
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (H.M.); (K.S.); (G.C.); (P.-Y.H.); (N.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Gregory Chang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (H.M.); (K.S.); (G.C.); (P.-Y.H.); (N.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 655 Huntington Drive, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA; (J.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 655 Huntington Drive, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA; (J.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Pei-Yin Hsu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (H.M.); (K.S.); (G.C.); (P.-Y.H.); (N.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Noriko Kanaya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (H.M.); (K.S.); (G.C.); (P.-Y.H.); (N.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (H.M.); (K.S.); (G.C.); (P.-Y.H.); (N.K.); (X.W.)
| | - George Somlo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Andrea Bild
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (H.M.); (K.S.); (G.C.); (P.-Y.H.); (N.K.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-626-218-3454; Fax: +1-626-301-8972
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Production and Evaluation of In-vitro and In-vivo Effects of P28-IL24, a Promising Anti-breast Cancer Fusion Protein. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Zhuo B, Wang X, Shen Y, Li J, Li S, Li Y, Wang R. Interleukin-24 inhibits the phenotype and tumorigenicity of cancer stem cell in osteosarcoma via downregulation Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Bone Oncol 2021; 31:100403. [PMID: 34804789 PMCID: PMC8581362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma frequently presents as recurrence and metastasis, even if the primary lesion was eradicated and/or radiotherapy and chemotherapy were administered. Osteosarcoma cancer stem cells (CSCs) are one of the key factors for the recurrence and metastasis of osteosarcoma. We have shown that interleukin-24 (IL-24) inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. In the current study, we investigated the role of IL-24 in inhibiting the growth of osteosarcoma CSCs. IL-24 inhibited proliferation and invasion and decreased the stemness of osteosarcoma CSCs in vitro. In a nude mouse xenograft model, IL-24 significantly inhibited the growth of tumors originating from osteosarcoma CSCs. Moreover, we found that IL-24 was able to inactivate both Notch and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling, which are important for the development of the biological characteristics of CSCs. These data demonstrate that IL-24 is able to kill not only cancer cells but also CSCs in osteosarcoma, suggesting that IL-24 might eradicate osteosarcoma and enhance long-term cure rates in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Key Words
- CSCs, cancer stem cells
- Cancer stem cell
- EGF, Epidermal Growth Factor
- HDAC6, histone deacetylase 6
- IL-24
- IL-24, interleukin-24
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT
- NS, nucleostemin
- Notch signaling
- Osteosarcoma
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling
- bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor
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Affiliation(s)
- Baobiao Zhuo
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Xuzhou Children's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Xihua Wang
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Xuzhou Children's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Xuzhou Children's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayong Li
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Xuzhou Children's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shixian Li
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Xuzhou Children's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Xuzhou Children's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221006 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Sha R, Li Y, Xu T, Hu X, Xu L, Xie Q, Zhao B. A new insight into the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the migration of glioblastoma by AhR-IL24 axis regulation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106658. [PMID: 34082239 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer occurrence and development are closely related to the environment. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an important receptor mediating the toxic effects of many environmental compounds, and is also involved in regulating tumor cell migration. Glioblastoma is the most malignant glioma and exhibits high motility, but the effects of AhR on the migration of glioblastoma are still unclear. We aimed to understand the role of AhR in the migration of this type of tumor cell and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. In cultured human neuroblastoma cells (U87), we found that AhR overexpression or knockdown increased or suppressed the migration ability of U87 cells, respectively. Furthermore, inhibition of basal activation of the AhR pathway suppressed migration ability, suggesting a positive correlation between endogenous activity of the AhR pathway and cell migration. When the AhR pathway was activated by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or 6-formyl [3,2-b] carbazole (FICZ), the migration of U87 cells was inhibited by inducing the expression of a tumor suppressor, IL24, which is a downstream responsive gene of AhR activation. Moreover, a similar AhR-IL24-dependent mechanism for migration inhibition of TCDD was documented in a breast cancer cell line and a lung cancer cell line. This study demonstrated that AhR plays important roles in regulating the migration of glioblastoma, and the induction of the AhR-IL24 axis mediates the inhibition of migration in response to TCDD or FICZ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qunhui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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10
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Ónody A, Veres-Székely A, Pap D, Rokonay R, Szebeni B, Sziksz E, Oswald F, Veres G, Cseh Á, Szabó AJ, Vannay Á. Interleukin-24 regulates mucosal remodeling in inflammatory bowel diseases. J Transl Med 2021; 19:237. [PMID: 34078403 PMCID: PMC8173892 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, increased interleukin (IL)-24 expression has been demonstrated in the colon biopsies of adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the role of IL-24 in the pathomechanism of IBD is still largely unknown. Methods Presence of IL-24 was determined in the samples of children with IBD and in the colon of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treated mice. Effect of inflammatory factors on IL24 expression was determined in peripheral blood (PBMCs) and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs). Also, the impact of IL-24 was investigated on HT-29 epithelial cells and CCD-18Co colon fibroblasts. Expression of tissue remodeling related genes was investigated in the colon of wild type (WT) mice locally treated with IL-24 and in the colon of DSS treated WT and Il20rb knock out (KO) mice. Results Increased amount of IL-24 was demonstrated in the serum and colon samples of children with IBD and DSS treated mice compared to that of controls. IL-1β, LPS or H2O2 treatment increased the expression of IL24 in PBMCs and LPMCs. IL-24 treatment resulted in increased amount of TGF-β and PDGF-B in HT-29 cells and enhanced the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes and the motility of CCD-18Co cells. Similarly, local IL-24 treatment increased the colonic Tgfb1 and Pdgfb expression of WT mice. Moreover, expression of pro-fibrotic Tgfb1 and Pdgfb were lower in the colon of DSS treated Il20rb KO compared to that of WT mice. The disease activity index of colitis was less severe in DSS treated Il20rb KO compared to WT mice. Conclusion Our study suggest that IL-24 may play a significant role in the mucosal remodeling of patients with IBD by promoting pro-fibrotic processes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02890-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ónody
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Apor Veres-Székely
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 53-54 Bókay J. Street, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary
| | - Domonkos Pap
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 53-54 Bókay J. Street, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary
| | - Réka Rokonay
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szebeni
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 53-54 Bókay J. Street, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary
| | - Erna Sziksz
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Franz Oswald
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gábor Veres
- Pediatric Institute-Clinic, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Áron Cseh
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 53-54 Bókay J. Street, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary
| | - Ádám Vannay
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. .,ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 53-54 Bókay J. Street, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary.
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11
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Ghavimi R, Mohammadi E, Akbari V, Shafiee F, Jahanian-Najafabadi A. In silico design of two novel fusion proteins, p28-IL-24 and p28-M4, targeted to breast cancer cells. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 15:200-208. [PMID: 32582360 PMCID: PMC7306244 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.283820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: An anticancer peptide P28, has shown to be cytolethal on various cancer cells including breast cancer. Moreover, p28 can be also used as a targeting moiety in the structure of fusion proteins. IL-24 (or its truncated form, M4) is a cytokine with anticancer activity against a wide range of tumor cells. We aimed at production of a fusion protein consisted of p28 and either IL-24 or M4 to target breast cancer. However, selection of a proper linker to join the two moieties without intervening each other’s function is a key factor in the construction of fusion proteins. In the present study, the impact of different linkers on construction of the two chimeric proteins (p28-IL-24 and p28-M4) was assessed in silico. Experimental approach: After selection of some linkers with different lengths and characteristics, a small library of the chimeric proteins was created and assessed. Furthermore, following selection of the most suitable linker, the three-dimensional structures and dynamic behavior of both fusion proteins were evaluated by homology modeling and molecular dynamic simulation, respectively. Findings / Results: Based on the results, a rigid linker having the peptide sequences of AEAAAKEAAAKA showed highest freedom of action for both moieties. Conclusion and implications: Between the p28-IL-24 and p28-M4 fusion proteins, the former showed better stability as well as solubility and might show stronger anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo, because its peptide moieties showed to exert their activities freely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghavimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Elmira Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Vajihe Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shafiee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ali Jahanian-Najafabadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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12
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Deng L, Yang X, Fan J, Ding Y, Peng Y, Xu D, Huang B, Hu Z. An Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Armed with GM-CSF and IL-24 Double Genes for Cancer Targeted Therapy. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:3535-3544. [PMID: 32425553 PMCID: PMC7196195 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s249816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Targeted oncolytic vaccinia virus is an attractive candidate for cancer therapy due to its replication causing lysis of infected tumor cells as well as a delivery vector to overexpress therapeutic transgenes. This study constructed a novel oncolytic vaccinia virus carrying granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-24 (IL-24) double genes to improve efficacy for cancer therapy. Methods Vaccinia virus co-expressing GM-CSF and IL-24 based on Chinese Guang9 strain (VG9-GMCSF-IL24) was constructed with disruption of the viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene. The cytotoxicity of VG9-GMCSF-IL24 in various cell lines was assessed by MTT. The synergistic antitumor effect of VG9-GMCSF-IL24 in vivo was assessed on multiple tumor models. Results In vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that VG9-GMCSF-IL24 exerted a strongly cytotoxic effect on cancer cells, but with no significant cytotoxicity to normal cells. Significant tumor growth inhibition and prolonged survival were observed in different tumor models treated with VG9-GMCSF-IL24. Additionally, systemic and specific antitumoral immunity was investigated in vivo, and enhanced antitumor immunity was observed in VG9-GMCSF-IL24-treated mice. Conclusion Our results indicated that VG9-mediated GM-CSF and IL-24 co-expression performed cooperative and overlapping antitumor effect. As a novel and effective therapeutic strategy for cancer, the combination of oncolysis and immunotherapy with vaccinia virus carrying one or more immunostimulatory genes may have a satisfactory clinical application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuedi Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Huang
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, People's Republic of China
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13
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Pap D, Veres-Székely A, Szebeni B, Rokonay R, Ónody A, Lippai R, Takács IM, Tislér A, Kardos M, Oswald F, Fekete A, Szabó AJ, Vannay Á. Characterization of IL-19, -20, and -24 in acute and chronic kidney diseases reveals a pro-fibrotic role of IL-24. J Transl Med 2020; 18:172. [PMID: 32306980 PMCID: PMC7168946 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the role of IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24 has been reported in renal disorders. However, still little is known about their biological role. METHODS Localization of IL-20RB was determined in human biopsies and in the kidneys of mice that underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Renal Il19, Il20 and Il24 expression was determined in ischemia/reperfusion, lipopolysaccharide, streptozotocin, or UUO induced animal models of kidney diseases. The effects of H2O2, LPS, TGF-β1, PDGF-B and IL-1β on IL19, IL20 and IL24 expression was determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The extents of extracellular matrix (ECM) and α-SMA, Tgfb1, Pdgfb, and Ctgf expression were determined in the kidneys of Il20rb knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice following UUO. The effect of IL-24 was also examined on HK-2 tubular epithelial cells and NRK49F renal fibroblasts. RESULTS IL-20RB was present in the renal biopsies of patients with lupus nephritis, IgA and diabetic nephropathy. Amount of IL-20RB increased in the kidneys of mice underwent UUO. The expression of Il19, Il20 and Il24 increased in the animal models of various kidney diseases. IL-1β, H2O2 and LPS induced the IL19, IL20 and IL24 expression of PBMCs. The extent of ECM, α-SMA, fibronectin, Tgfb1, Pdgfb, and Ctgf expression was lower in the kidney of Il20rb KO compared to WT mice following UUO. IL-24 treatment induced the apoptosis and TGF-β1, PDGF-B, CTGF expression of HK-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirmed the significance of IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24 in the pathomechanism of renal diseases. Furthermore, we were the first to demonstrate the pro-fibrotic effect of IL-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domonkos Pap
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary. .,1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | - Beáta Szebeni
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Rokonay
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Ónody
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Lippai
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - András Tislér
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Magdolna Kardos
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Franz Oswald
- University Medical Center, Center of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Fekete
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE, Lendület Diabetes Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Vannay
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Wu Z, Liu W, Wang Z, Zeng B, Peng G, Niu H, Chen L, Liu C, Hu Q, Zhang Y, Pan M, Wu L, Liu M, Liu X, Liang D. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from iPSCs expressing interleukin-24 inhibit the growth of melanoma in the tumor-bearing mouse model. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:33. [PMID: 32015693 PMCID: PMC6990536 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a therapeutic gene for melanoma, which can induce melanoma cell apoptosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise as a carrier to delivery anti-cancer factors to tumor tissues. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We previously developed a novel non-viral gene targeting vector to target IL-24 to human iPSCs. This study aims to investigate whether MSCs derived from the iPSCs with the site-specific integration of IL-24 can inhibit the growth of melanoma in a tumor-bearing mouse model via retro-orbital injection. Methods IL-24-iPSCs were differentiated into IL-24-iMSCs in vitro, of which cellular properties and potential of differentiation were characterized. The expression of IL-24 in the IL-24-iMSCs was measured by qRT-PCR, Western Blotting, and ELISA analysis. IL-24-iMSCs were transplanted into the melanoma-bearing mice by retro-orbital intravenous injection. The inhibitory effect of IL-24-iMSCs on the melanoma cells was investigated in a co-culture system and tumor-bearing mice. The molecular mechanisms underlying IL-24-iMSCs in exerting anti-tumor effect were also explored. Results iPSCs-derived iMSCs have the typical profile of cell surface markers of MSCs and have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts. The expression level of IL-24 in IL-24-iMSCs reached 95.39 ng/106 cells/24 h, which is significantly higher than that in iMSCs, inducing melanoma cells apoptosis more effectively in vitro compared with iMSCs. IL-24-iMSCs exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of melanoma in subcutaneous mouse models, in which the migration of IL-24-iMSCs to tumor tissue was confirmed. Additionally, increased expression of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 and down-regulation of Bcl-2 were observed in the mice treated with IL-24-iMSCs. Conclusion MSCs derived from iPSCs with the integration of IL-24 at rDNA locus can inhibit the growth of melanoma in tumor-bearing mouse models when administrated via retro-orbital injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wu
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Wei Liu
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Zujia Wang
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Baitao Zeng
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Guangnan Peng
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Hongyan Niu
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Linlin Chen
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Cong Liu
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Qian Hu
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Mengmeng Pan
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Lingqian Wu
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,3Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Mujun Liu
- 2Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,3Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Xionghao Liu
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,3Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Desheng Liang
- 1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,3Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
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15
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Deng L, Fan J, Ding Y, Yang X, Huang B, Hu Z. Target Therapy With Vaccinia Virus Harboring IL-24 For Human Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:1017-1026. [PMID: 31956348 PMCID: PMC6959063 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with high aggression and novel targeted therapeutic strategies are required. Oncolytic vaccinia virus is an attractive candidate for cancer treatment due to its tumor cell-specific replication causing lysis of tumor cells as well as a delivery vector to overexpress therapeutic transgenes. Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a novel tumor suppressor cytokine that selectively induces apoptosis in a wide variety of tumor types, including breast cancer. In this study, we used vaccinia virus as a delivery vector to express IL-24 gene and antitumor effects were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The vaccinia virus strain Guang9 armed with IL-24 gene (VG9-IL-24) was constructed via disruption of the viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene region. The cytotoxicity of VG9-IL-24 in various breast cancer cell lines was assessed by MTT and cell cycle progression and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. In vivo antitumor effects were further observed in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model. Results: In vitro, VG9-IL-24 efficiently infected and selectively killed breast cancer cells with no strong cytotoxicity to normal cells. VG9-IL-24 induced increased number of apoptotic cells and blocked breast cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Western blotting results indicated that VG9-IL-24-mediated apoptosis was related to PI3K/β-catenin signaling pathway. In vivo, VG9-IL-24 delayed tumor growth and improved survival. Conclusions: Our findings provided documentation that VG9-IL-24 was targeted in vitro and exhibited enhanced antitumor effects, and it may be an innovative therapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Jun Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Yuedi Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Biao Huang
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
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16
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Emdad L, Bhoopathi P, Talukdar S, Pradhan AK, Sarkar D, Wang XY, Das SK, Fisher PB. Recent insights into apoptosis and toxic autophagy: The roles of MDA-7/IL-24, a multidimensional anti-cancer therapeutic. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 66:140-154. [PMID: 31356866 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis and autophagy play seminal roles in maintaining organ homeostasis. Apoptosis represents canonical type I programmed cell death. Autophagy is viewed as pro-survival, however, excessive autophagy can promote type II cell death. Defective regulation of these two obligatory cellular pathways is linked to various diseases, including cancer. Biologic or chemotherapeutic agents, which can reprogram cancer cells to undergo apoptosis- or toxic autophagy-mediated cell death, are considered effective tools for treating cancer. Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7) selectively promotes these effects in cancer cells. mda-7 was identified more than two decades ago by subtraction hybridization showing elevated expression during induction of terminal differentiation of metastatic melanoma cells following treatment with recombinant fibroblast interferon and mezerein (a PKC activating agent). MDA-7 was classified as a member of the IL-10 gene family based on its chromosomal location, and the presence of an IL-10 signature motif and a secretory sequence, and re-named interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24). Multiple studies have established MDA-7/IL-24 as a potent anti-cancer agent, which when administered at supra-physiological levels induces growth arrest and cell death through apoptosis and toxic autophagy in a wide variety of tumor cell types, but not in corresponding normal/non-transformed cells. Furthermore, in a phase I/II clinical trial, MDA-7/IL-24 administered by means of a non-replicating adenovirus was well tolerated and displayed significant clinical activity in patients with multiple advanced cancers. This review examines our current comprehension of the role of MDA-7/IL-24 in mediating cancer-specific cell death via apoptosis and toxic autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sarmistha Talukdar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Anjan K Pradhan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
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17
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Maleknia M, Valizadeh A, Pezeshki SMS, Saki N. Immunomodulation in leukemia: cellular aspects of anti-leukemic properties. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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18
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Liu L, Ma J, Qin L, Shi X, Si H, Wei Y. Interleukin-24 enhancing antitumor activity of chimeric oncolytic adenovirus for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia cell. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15875. [PMID: 31145345 PMCID: PMC6708966 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) is a clonal disease arising by hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which characterized by inappropriate proliferation/differentiation or survival of immature myeloid progenitors. Oncolytic adenoviruses have been under widespread investigation as anticancer agents. Recently, our data suggested that tumor cells were cured by AdCN205-IL-24, an adenovirus serotype 5-based conditionally replicating adenovirus expressing IL-24 after infection. METHODS In this study, we created a novel fiber chimeric oncolytic adenovirus AdCN306-IL-24 that has Ad11 tropism and approved CAR (coxsackie adenovirus receptor, CAR)-independent cell entry, which could allow development of selective cytopathic effects (CPE) in APL cells in vitro. RESULTS Formidable cytotoxic effect was specifically implemented in APL cells after infection with AdCN306-IL-24. The expression of IL-24 was up-regulated upon treated with accepted tumors. And the vector also induced superior cytolytic effects activity in APL cells by activation of programmed cell death. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data suggested that chimeric oncolytic adenovirus AdCN306-IL-24 could express IL-24 gene, representing a potential therapeutics for acute promyelocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Department of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shannxi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jiabin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Lanyi Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Hongqiang Si
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yahui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Department of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shannxi
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19
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Wang X, Wong K, Ouyang W, Rutz S. Targeting IL-10 Family Cytokines for the Treatment of Human Diseases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a028548. [PMID: 29038121 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a028548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Members of the interleukin (IL)-10 family of cytokines play important roles in regulating immune responses during host defense but also in autoimmune disorders, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Although IL-10 itself primarily acts on leukocytes and has potent immunosuppressive functions, other family members preferentially target nonimmune compartments, such as tissue epithelial cells, where they elicit innate defense mechanisms to control viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, protect tissue integrity, and promote tissue repair and regeneration. As cytokines are prime drug targets, IL-10 family cytokines provide great opportunities for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, tissue damage, and cancer. Yet no therapy in this space has been approved to date. Here, we summarize the diverse biology of the IL-10 family as it relates to human disease and review past and current strategies and challenges to target IL-10 family cytokines for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Kit Wong
- Department of Biomarker Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Wenjun Ouyang
- Department of Inflammation and Oncology, Amgen, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Sascha Rutz
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080
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20
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Liu B, Chen F, Wu Y, Wang X, Feng M, Li Z, Zhou M, Wang Y, Wu L, Liu X, Liang D. Enhanced tumor growth inhibition by mesenchymal stem cells derived from iPSCs with targeted integration of interleukin24 into rDNA loci. Oncotarget 2018; 8:40791-40803. [PMID: 28388559 PMCID: PMC5522332 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for clinical applications. In this study, we transformed human iPSCs using a non-viral vector carrying the IL24 transgene pHrn-IL24. PCR and southern blotting confirmed IL24 integration into the rDNA loci in four of 68 iPSC clones. We then differentiated a high expressing IL24-iPSC clone into MSCs (IL24-iMSCs) that showed higher expression of IL24 in culture supernatants and in cell lysates than control iMSCs. IL24-iMSCs efficiently differentiated into osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Functionally, IL24-iMSCs induced in vitro apoptosis in B16-F10 melanoma cells more efficiently than control iMSCs when co-cultured in Transwell assays. In vivo tumor xenograft studies in mice demonstrated that IL24-iMSCs inhibited melanoma growth more than control iMSCs did. Immunofluorescence and histochemical analysis showed larger necrotic areas and cell nuclear aggregation in tumors with IL24-iMSCs than control iMSCs, indicating that IL24-iMSCs inhibited tumor growth by inducing apoptosis. These findings demonstrate efficient transformation of iPSCs through gene targeting with non-viral vectors into a rDNA locus. The ability of these genetically modified MSCs to inhibit in vivo melanoma growth is suggestive of the clinical potential of autologous cell therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mai Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miaojin Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanchi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingqian Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xionghao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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21
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Abstract
Subtraction hybridization identified genes displaying differential expression as metastatic human melanoma cells terminally differentiated and lost tumorigenic properties by treatment with recombinant fibroblast interferon and mezerein. This approach permitted cloning of multiple genes displaying enhanced expression when melanoma cells terminally differentiated, called melanoma differentiation associated (mda) genes. One mda gene, mda-7, has risen to the top of the list based on its relevance to cancer and now inflammation and other pathological states, which based on presence of a secretory sequence, chromosomal location, and an IL-10 signature motif has been named interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24). Discovered in the early 1990s, MDA-7/IL-24 has proven to be a potent, near ubiquitous cancer suppressor gene capable of inducing cancer cell death through apoptosis and toxic autophagy in cancer cells in vitro and in preclinical animal models in vivo. In addition, MDA-7/IL-24 embodied profound anticancer activity in a Phase I/II clinical trial following direct injection with an adenovirus (Ad.mda-7; INGN-241) in tumors in patients with advanced cancers. In multiple independent studies, MDA-7/IL-24 has been implicated in many pathological states involving inflammation and may play a role in inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, and viral infection. This review provides an up-to-date review on the multifunctional gene mda-7/IL-24, which may hold potential for the therapy of not only cancer, but also other pathological states.
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22
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Emdad L, Das SK, Wang XY, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Cancer terminator viruses (CTV): A better solution for viral-based therapy of cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5684-5695. [PMID: 29278667 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In principle, viral gene therapy holds significant potential for the therapy of solid cancers. However, this promise has not been fully realized and systemic administration of viruses has not proven as successful as envisioned in the clinical arena. Our research is focused on developing the next generation of efficacious viruses to specifically treat both primary cancers and a major cause of cancer lethality, metastatic tumors (that have spread from a primary site of origin to other areas in the body and are responsible for an estimated 90% of cancer deaths). We have generated a chimeric tropism-modified type 5 and 3 adenovirus that selectively replicates in cancer cells and simultaneously produces a secreted anti-cancer toxic cytokine, melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/Interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24), referred to as a Cancer Terminator Virus (CTV) (Ad.5/3-CTV). In preclinical animal models, injection into a primary tumor causes selective cell death and therapeutic activity is also observed in non-injected distant tumors, that is, "bystander anti-tumor activity." To enhance the impact and therapeutic utility of the CTV, we have pioneered an elegant approach in which viruses are encapsulated in microbubbles allowing "stealth delivery" to tumor cells that when treated with focused ultrasound causes viral release killing tumor cells through viral replication, and producing and secreting MDA-7/IL-24, which stimulates the immune system to attack distant cancers, inhibits tumor angiogenesis and directly promotes apoptosis in distant cancer cells. This strategy is called UTMD (ultrasound-targeted microbubble-destruction). This novel CTV and UTMD approach hold significant promise for the effective therapy of primary and disseminated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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23
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Ma C, Zhao LL, Zhao HJ, Cui JW, Li W, Wang NY. Lentivirus‑mediated MDA7/IL24 expression inhibits the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5764-5773. [PMID: 29484443 PMCID: PMC5866019 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MDA7/IL24 is a member of the IL-10 gene family that functions as a cytokine. Notably, supra-physiological endogenous MDA7 levels have been indicated to suppress tumor growth and induce apoptosis in different cancer types. In the present study, MDA7 roles were investigated during the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process. A lentiviral vector expressing MDA7/IL24 (LV-MDA7/IL24) was constructed and used to infect HCC SMMC-7721 cells. The expression levels of MDA7/IL24 in these cells were determined using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The effects of LV-MDA7/IL24 on cell proliferation were analyzed using MTT and colony formation assays. Furthermore, the influence of LV-MDA7/IL24 on cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were detected using flow cytometry. The underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated using microarray and western blot analysis. The expression of MDA7/IL24 was confirmed to be significantly increased in the cells infected with LV-MDA7/IL24 compared with that the negative-control infected group. Lentivirus-mediated MDA7/IL24 expression was found to inhibit HCC cell proliferation and colony formation, and it also induced cell arrest and apoptosis. Microarray analysis and western blotting results indicated that multiple cancer-associated pathways and oncogenes are regulated by MDA7/IL24, including cell cycle regulatory and apoptosis activation pathway. In conclusion, it was determined that MDA7/IL24 inhibits the proliferation and reduces the tumorigenicity of HCC cells by regulating cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis, indicating that it may be used as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Oncology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhao
- Oncology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Jun Zhao
- Oncology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jiu-Wei Cui
- Oncology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Oncology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Nan-Ya Wang
- Oncology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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24
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Zhuo B, Shi Y, Qin H, Sun Q, Li Z, Zhang F, Wang R, Wang X. Interleukin-24 inhibits osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion via the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathways. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4505-4511. [PMID: 28599451 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 25% of osteosarcoma patients present with clinically detectable metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis. High-dose chemotherapy and/or surgery for the treatment of primary metastatic osteosarcoma is ineffective, and <20% of patients will survive 5 years from diagnosis. Therefore, the treatment of metastases is critical for the improvement of the prognosis of primary metastatic osteosarcoma patients. We have previously observed that overexpression of interleukin-24 (IL-24) inhibits neuroblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. The present study investigated whether IL-24 may be a novel agent for osteosarcoma metastasis-suppressive treatment. It was observed that IL-24 is able to inhibit migration and invasion in spontaneously metastasizing human 143B osteosarcoma cells via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun signaling pathway. IL-24 was effective in inhibiting JNK and c-Jun phosphorylation to downregulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, which contributed to the suppression of cell migration and invasion. It was concluded that IL-24 may be a potent agent in the inhibition of highly metastatic 143B osteosarcoma cells, and IL-24 may have translational potential as an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of metastatic osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baobiao Zhuo
- Department of Surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Yingchun Shi
- Department of Surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Haihui Qin
- Department of Surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Qingzeng Sun
- Department of Surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Department of Surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Fengfei Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
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25
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Sharma J, Bhar S, Devi CS. A review on interleukins: The key manipulators in rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2017; 27:723-746. [DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2016.1266071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Sharma
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Sutonuka Bhar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - C. Subathra Devi
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
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26
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Shao J, Zhang B, Yu JJ, Wei CY, Zhou WJ, Chang KK, Yang HL, Jin LP, Zhu XY, Li MQ. Macrophages promote the growth and invasion of endometrial stromal cells by downregulating IL-24 in endometriosis. Reproduction 2016; 152:673-682. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the origin and development of endometriosis. Estrogen promoted the growth of decidual stromal cells (DSCs) by downregulating the level of interleukin (IL)-24. The aim of this study was to clarify the role and mechanism of IL-24 and its receptors in the regulation of biological functions of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) during endometriosis. The level of IL-24 and its receptors in endometrium was measured by immunohistochemistry.In vitroanalysis was used to measure the level of IL-24 and receptors and the biological behaviors of ESCs. Here, we found that the expression of IL-24 and its receptors (IL-20R1 and IL-20R2) in control endometrium was significantly higher than that in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Recombinant human IL-24 (rhIL-24) significantly inhibited the viability of ESCs in a dosage-dependent manner. Conversely, blocking IL-24 with anti-IL-24 neutralizing antibody promoted ESCs viability. In addition, rhIL-24 could downregulate the invasiveness of ESCsin vitro. After co-culture, macrophages markedly reduced the expression of IL-24 and IL-20R1 in ESCs, but not IL-22R1. Moreover, macrophages significantly restricted the inhibitory effect of IL-24 on the viability, invasion, the proliferation relative gene Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2), and the stimulatory effect on the tumor metastasis suppressor gene CD82 in ESCs. These results indicate that the abnormally low level of IL-24 in ESCs possibly induced by macrophages may lead to the enhancement of ESCs’ proliferation and invasiveness and contribute to the development of endometriosis.
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27
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Liu H, Chen J, Jiang X, Wang T, Xie X, Hu H, Yu F, Wang X, Fan H. Apoptotic signal pathways and regulatory mechanisms of cancer cells induced by IL-24. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11859-016-1205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Li YJ, Liu G, Xia L, Xiao X, Liu JC, Menezes ME, Das SK, Emdad L, Sarkar D, Fisher PB, Archer MC, Zacksenhaus E, Ben-David Y. Suppression of Her2/Neu mammary tumor development in mda-7/IL-24 transgenic mice. Oncotarget 2016; 6:36943-54. [PMID: 26460950 PMCID: PMC4741907 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) encodes a tumor suppressor gene implicated in the growth of various tumor types including breast cancer. We previously demonstrated that recombinant adenovirus-mediated mda-7/IL-24 expression in the mammary glands of carcinogen-treated (methylnitrosourea, MNU) rats suppressed mammary tumor development. Since most MNU-induced tumors in rats contain activating mutations in Ha-ras, which arenot frequently detected in humans, we presently examined the effect of MDA-7/IL-24 on Her2/Neu-induced mammary tumors, in which the RAS pathway is induced. We generated tet-inducible MDA-7/IL-24 transgenic mice and crossed them with Her2/Neu transgenic mice. Triple compound transgenic mice treated with doxycycline exhibited a strong inhibition of tumor development, demonstrating tumor suppressor activity by MDA-7/IL-24 in immune-competent mice. MDA-7/IL-24 induction also inhibited growth of tumors generated following injection of Her2/Neu tumor cells isolated from triple compound transgenic mice that had not been treated with doxycycline, into the mammary fat pads of isogenic FVB mice. Despite initial growth suppression, tumors in triple compound transgenic mice lost mda-7/IL-24 expression and grew, albeit after longer latency, indicating that continuous presence of this cytokine within tumor microenvironment is crucial to sustain tumor inhibitory activity. Mechanistically, MDA-7/IL-24 exerted its tumor suppression effect on HER2+ breast cancer cells, at least in part, through PERP, a member of PMP-22 family with growth arrest and apoptosis-inducing capacity. Overall, our results establish mda-7/IL-24 as a suppressor of mammary tumor development and provide a rationale for using this cytokine in the prevention/treatment of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jun Li
- Department of Anatomy, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lei Xia
- Division of Biology, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Division of Biology, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Jeff C Liu
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mitchell E Menezes
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael C Archer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biology, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
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29
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Cao H, Xiang T, Zhang C, Yang H, Jiang L, Liu S, Huang X. MDA7 combined with targeted attenuated Salmonella vector SL7207/pBud-VP3 inhibited growth of gastric cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:809-815. [PMID: 27497809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To investigate the therapeutic effect of MDA7 combined with apoptin targeted attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vector SL7207/pBud-VP3 on gastric cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS MDA7 was inserted into pBud-VP3 using molecular cloning technology to obtain the eukaryotic expression plasmid pBud-VP3-MDA7 and it was transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL7207 by high voltage electroporation to obtain SL7207/pBud-VP3-MDA7. Mice bearing a sarcoma of gastric cancer cells were treated with SL7207/pBud-VP3-MDA7 and the growth-suppressing effect was assessed by measurement of tumor volume. Western blot was used to identify the MDA7 expression products. IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α and caspase-3, VEGF in tumor tissue were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS SL7207/pBud-VP3-MDA7 was successfully constructed and expression of the protein MDA7 was identified in tumor tissue. SL7207/pBud-VP3-MDA7 significantly caused tumor inhibition and regression (p<0.05). The level of expression of cytokines IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α in tumor tissue was significantly higher than in the other groups (p<0.05). The expression of caspase-3 was up-regulated and VEGF was down-regulated (p<0.05). CONCLUSION This study shows that SL7207/pBud-VP3-MDA7 has inhibitory effect on the growth of gastric cancer cells. The mechanism involved is related to the promotion of tumor apoptosis, immunity regulation and inhibition of tumor blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdan Cao
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical Higher specialty College, Road 82, Shapingba District University City, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Artron BioResearch Inc., 3938 North Fraser Way, Burnaby, BC V5 J 5H6, Canada
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical Higher specialty College, Road 82, Shapingba District University City, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical Higher specialty College, Road 82, Shapingba District University City, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lingqun Jiang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical Higher specialty College, Road 82, Shapingba District University City, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shanli Liu
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical Higher specialty College, Road 82, Shapingba District University City, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Ph.D Research Center for Medical and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Road 1, Yuzhong District School of Medicine, Chongqing 400016, China.
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30
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Oncolytic vaccine virus harbouring the IL-24 gene suppresses the growth of lung cancer by inducing apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 476:21-8. [PMID: 27208781 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has an especially high incidence rate worldwide, and its resistance to cell death and chemotherapeutic drugs increases its intractability. The vaccinia virus has been shown to destroy neoplasm within a short time and disseminate rapidly and extensively as an enveloped virion throughout the circulatory system, and this virus has also demonstrated a strong ability to overexpress exogenous genes. Interleukin-24 (IL-24/mda-7) is an important cytokine that belongs to the activating caspase family and facilitates the inhibition of STAT3 when a cell enters the apoptosis pathway. In this study, we constructed a cancer-targeted vaccinia virus carrying the IL-24 gene knocked in the region of the viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene (VV-IL-24). Our results showed that VV-IL-24 efficiently infected and destroyed lung cancer cells via caspase-dependent apoptosis and decreased the expression of STAT3. In vivo, VV-IL-24 expressed IL-24 at a high level in the transplanted tumour, reduced STAT3 activity, and eventually led to apoptosis. In conclusion, we demonstrated that vv-IL-24 has the potential for use as a new human lung cancer treatment.
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Abstract
Compared with traditional 2D adherent cell culture, 3D spheroidal cell aggregates, or spheroids, are regarded as more physiological, and this technique has been exploited in the field of oncology, stem cell biology, and tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in spheroids have enhanced anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and tissue reparative/regenerative effects with improved cell survival after transplantation. Cytoskeletal reorganization and drastic changes in cell morphology in MSC spheroids indicate a major difference in mechanophysical properties compared with 2D culture. Enhanced multidifferentiation potential, upregulated expression of pluripotency marker genes, and delayed replicative senescence indicate enhanced stemness in MSC spheroids. Furthermore, spheroid formation causes drastic changes in the gene expression profile of MSC in microarray analyses. In spite of these significant changes, underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways triggering and sustaining these changes are largely unknown.
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32
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Menezes ME, Shen XN, Das SK, Emdad L, Guo C, Yuan F, Li YJ, Archer MC, Zacksenhaus E, Windle JJ, Subler MA, Ben-David Y, Sarkar D, Wang XY, Fisher PB. MDA-7/IL-24 functions as a tumor suppressor gene in vivo in transgenic mouse models of breast cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:36928-42. [PMID: 26474456 PMCID: PMC4741906 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/Interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24) is a novel member of the IL-10 gene family that selectively induces apoptosis and toxic autophagy in a broad spectrum of human cancers, including breast cancer, without harming normal cells or tissues. The ability to investigate the critical events underlying cancer initiation and progression, as well as the capacity to test the efficacy of novel therapeutics, has been significantly advanced by the development of genetically engineered mice (GEMs) that accurately recapitulate specific human cancers. We utilized three transgenic mouse models to better comprehend the in vivo role of MDA-7/IL-24 in breast cancer. Using the MMTV-PyMT spontaneous mammary tumor model, we confirmed that exogenously introducing MDA-7/IL-24 using a Cancer Terminator Virus caused a reduction in tumor burden and also produced an antitumor "bystander" effect. Next we performed xenograft studies in a newly created MMTV-MDA-7 transgenic model that over-expresses MDA-7/IL-24 in the mammary glands during pregnancy and lactation, and found that MDA-7/IL-24 overexpression delayed tumor growth following orthotopic injection of a murine PDX tumor cell line (mPDX) derived from a tumor formed in an MMTV-PyMT mouse. We also crossed the MMTV-MDA-7 line to MMTV-Erbb2 transgenic mice and found that MDA-7/IL-24 overexpression delayed the onset of mammary tumor development in this model of spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis as well. Finally, we assessed the role of MDA-7/IL-24 in immune regulation, which can potentially contribute to tumor suppression in vivo. Our findings provide further direct in vivo evidence for the role of MDA-7/IL-24 in tumor suppression in breast cancer in immune-competent transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell E. Menezes
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Swadesh K. Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Chunqing Guo
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - You-Jun Li
- Department of Anatomy, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Michael C. Archer
- Departments of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Departments of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jolene J. Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Mark A. Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- Departments of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Biology, the Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Paul B. Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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33
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Das SK, Menezes ME, Bhatia S, Wang XY, Emdad L, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Gene Therapies for Cancer: Strategies, Challenges and Successes. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:259-71. [PMID: 25196387 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy, which involves replacement of a defective gene with a functional, healthy copy of that gene, is a potentially beneficial cancer treatment approach particularly over chemotherapy, which often lacks selectivity and can cause non-specific toxicity. Despite significant progress pre-clinically with respect to both enhanced targeting and expression in a tumor-selective manner several hurdles still prevent success in the clinic, including non-specific expression, low-efficiency delivery and biosafety. Various innovative genetic approaches are under development to reconstruct vectors/transgenes to make them safer and more effective. Utilizing cutting-edge delivery technologies, gene expression can now be targeted in a tissue- and organ-specific manner. With these advances, gene therapy is poised to become amenable for routine cancer therapy with potential to elevate this methodology as a first line therapy for neoplastic diseases. This review discusses recent advances in gene therapy and their impact on a pre-clinical and clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mitchell E Menezes
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shilpa Bhatia
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Du Y, Long Q, Shi Y, Liu X, Li X, Zeng J, Gong Y, Li L, Wang X, He D. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 mediates interleukin-24-induced apoptosis through inhibition of the mTOR pathway in prostate cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2273-81. [PMID: 26323436 PMCID: PMC4583521 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) has been shown to induce apoptosis in an insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-independent manner in various cell systems, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we showed that IGFBP-3 significantly enhanced interleukin-24 (IL-24)-induced cell death in prostate cancer (PC) cell lines in vitro. Both the addition of IGFBP-3 to cell medium or the enforced expression of IGFBP-3 in the PC cell line inhibited activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Downregulation of mTOR/S6K reduced Mcl-1 protein expression and consequently promoted sensitization to IL-24 treatment. Overexpression of Mcl-1 reduced the level of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) induced by IL-24 and IGFBP-3, suggesting that the IL-24-induced apop-tosis is realized by way of Mcl-1. We then showed that the combination of IL-24 and IGFBP-3 significantly suppressed PC tumor growth in vivo. We propose that the IGFBP-3 and IL-24 non-toxic mTOR inhibitors can be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Du
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Qingzhi Long
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical College Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yongguang Gong
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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SUV420H2 suppresses breast cancer cell invasion through down regulation of the SH2 domain-containing focal adhesion protein tensin-3. Exp Cell Res 2015; 334:90-9. [PMID: 25814362 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The genome-wide loss of histone H4 lysine 20 tri-methylation (H4K20me3) is observed in multiple types of cancer, including breast tumors. Since H4K20me3 is preferentially targeted to repetitive elements in the pericentromeric and telomeric heterochromatin and plays a role in chromatin integrity, the pathological effects of disrupted H4K20me3 in tumors have been attributed to genomic instability. However, in this report, we show that loss of H4K20me3 modulates gene expression profiles, leading to increased cell invasion. Reduced H4K20me3 levels in tumor cells are often accompanied by a decrease in the expression of the H4K20-specific methyltransferase, SUV420H2. Exogenous delivery of SUV420H2 into MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells induced selective and specific changes in the expression of cancer-related genes. One of the most downregulated genes in response to SUV420H2 expression was the Src substrate, tensin-3, a focal adhesion protein that contributes to cancer cell migration. Depletion of tensin-3 suppressed breast cancer cell invasiveness. Furthermore, silencing of tensin-3 was associated with enrichment of H4K20me3 immediately upstream of the tensin-3 transcription start site, suggesting that the loss of H4K20me3 in tumor cells induced the expression of cancer-promoting genes. These findings connect the loss of H4K20me3 with tumor progression, through the transcriptional activation of cancer-promoting genes.
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Manesh ME, Esmaeilzadeh A, Mirzaei MH. IL-24: A novel gene therapy candidate for immune system upregulation in Hodgkin’s lymphoma. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HYPOTHESES AND IDEAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmhi.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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Wei S, Cao H, Zhou X, Wu H, Yang J. Prokaryotically and eukaryotically expressed interleukin-24 induces breast cancer growth suppression via activation of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:3673-81. [PMID: 25544477 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation‑associated‑7 (mda‑7)/interleukin‑24 (IL‑24), a unique cytokine‑tumor suppressor, exerts tumor‑selective killing activity in numerous types of cancer cell. Although eukaryotically and prokaryotically expressed recombinant human (rh)IL‑24 proteins have been previously shown to produce potent antitumor effects, to the best of our knowledge, no side‑by‑side study has been conducted that compares the two proteins directly. In the present study, rhIL‑24 protein was expressed in BL21 Escherichia coli transformed with the pET‑21a(+)‑hIL‑24 plasmid by isopropyl‑β‑D‑1‑thiogalactopyranoside induction. Following a denaturing and renaturing process, the soluble rhIL‑24 was purified using a Q‑Sepharose column. rhIL‑24 protein was also expressed in Chinese hamster ovary mammalian cells stably transfected with the pcDNA3‑hIL‑24 plasmid. The in vitro antitumor efficacies of the two treatments were compared using the MDA‑MB‑231 human breast cancer cell line. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficacies of the bacteria‑derived rhIL‑24 protein and the liposome‑coated pcDNA3‑hIL‑24 naked plasmid were evaluated in athymic nude mice with subcutaneously xenografted MDA‑MB‑231 cell tumors. The prokaryotically expressed/purified rhIL‑24 protein and the eukaryotically expressed rhIL‑24 in the cell supernate were revealed to be capable of efficiently suppressing MDA‑MB‑231 tumor growth in vitro. Similarly, the administration of bacteria‑derived rhIL‑24 protein and pcDNA3‑hIL‑24 naked plasmid also provided therapeutic benefits in the treatment of in vivo MDA‑MB‑231 xenografted tumors. The retarded in vitro and in vivo breast cancer growth elicited by rhIL‑24 was closely associated with the upregulation of the ratio of anti‑apoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) to pro‑apoptotic Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax), as well as the activation of caspase‑3 followed by marked induction of apoptosis, and the notable inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that prokaryotically expressed rhIL‑24 protein may be an alternate and promising antitumor agent in human breast cancer or other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Haorong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Jicheng Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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IL-24 gene transfer sensitizes melanoma cells to erlotinib through modulation of the Apaf-1 and Akt signaling pathways. Melanoma Res 2014; 21:44-56. [PMID: 20216471 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0b013e3283382155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a novel tumor suppressor/cytokine gene expressed in normal human melanocytes but for which expression is nearly undetectable in metastatic melanoma. Overexpression of the IL-24 protein has been shown to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in many melanoma cell lines, and is now considered a tumor suppressor. Erlotinib, a small-molecule epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been widely studied for the treatment of human lung cancer and other solid tumors, but the erlotinib-targeted therapy has not been tested in melanoma. The objective of this study is to investigate the potency of erlotinib in suppressing the growth of human melanoma cells and whether IL-24 could enhance the antitumor activity of erlotinib. In cell viability and apoptosis assays, treatment with erlotinib dependently inhibited the growth of different melanoma cell lines and when combined with adenoviral vector-mediated IL-24 gene therapy, a significant increase in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction resulted (P<0.05). Immunoblot assay showed that the combination treatment of erlotinib and IL-24 considerably increased the cleavage of caspase-3 and caspase-9 and the expression of Apaf-1 protein in melanoma cells, inducing activation of the Apaf-1-dependent apoptotic pathways. Moreover, this combination treatment markedly inhibited phosphorylation of the EGFR, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, and Akt proteins, inactivating the Akt-dependent cell survival signaling pathway. These results show that a combination of IL-24-mediated molecular therapy and EGFR inhibitors such as erlotinib may be a promising treatment strategy for human melanoma and will serve as a basis for guiding the combination treatment designs in future preclinical and clinical trials.
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Sarkar S, Quinn BA, Shen X, Dent P, Das SK, Emdad L, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Reversing translational suppression and induction of toxicity in pancreatic cancer cells using a chemoprevention gene therapy approach. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 87:286-95. [PMID: 25452327 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.094375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options. Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24), a potent antitumor cytokine, shows cancer-specific toxicity in a vast array of human cancers, inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis, toxic autophagy, an antitumor immune response, an antiangiogenic effect, and a significant "bystander" anticancer effect that leads to enhanced production of this cytokine through autocrine and paracrine loops. Unfortunately, mda-7/IL-24 application in pancreatic cancer has been restricted because of a "translational block" occurring after Ad.5-mda-7 gene delivery. Our previous research focused on developing approaches to overcome this block and increase the translation of the MDA-7/IL-24 protein, thereby promoting its subsequent toxic effects in pancreatic cancer cells. We demonstrated that inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) after adenoviral infection of mda-7/IL-24 leads to greater translation into MDA-7/IL-24 protein and results in toxicity in pancreatic cancer cells. In this study we demonstrate that a novel chimeric serotype adenovirus, Ad.5/3-mda-7, displays greater efficacy in delivering mda-7/IL-24 compared with Ad.5-mda-7, although overall translation of the protein still remains low. We additionally show that d-limonene, a dietary monoterpene known to induce ROS, is capable of overcoming the translational block when used in combination with adenoviral gene delivery. This novel combination results in increased polysome association of mda-7/IL-24 mRNA, activation of the preinitiation complex of the translational machinery in pancreatic cancer cells, and culminates in mda-7/IL-24-mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddik Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Bridget A Quinn
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xuening Shen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul Dent
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (S.S., B.A.Q., X.S., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.D.), VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (P.D., S.K.D., L.E., D.S., P.B.F.), and VCU Massey Cancer Center (P.D., L.E., D.S. P.B.F.), Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
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Ma Q, Deng X, Jin B, Zhang Y, Luo D, Song H, Wang P, Zhang C, Li X, Shi Y, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wang Z, Jiang H. A novel human interleukin-24 peptide created by computer-guided design contributes to suppression of proliferation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Eca-109 cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:193-200. [PMID: 25371158 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the three-dimensional modeling structure of human interleukin-24 (hIL-24) and its most likely active position predicted by solvent accessibility and apparent electrostatic properties, a novel hIL-24 peptide M1 was created by computer-guided molecular design. The cytotoxicity and cell selectivity of M1 were examined in three human carcinoma cell lines and one normal human embryo lung fibroblast cell line (HEL). MTT assay showed that M1 induced growth arrest in two IL-20 receptor complex-positive cancer cell lines (the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Eca-109 and the melanoma cell line A375), and antibodies against IL-24 or IL-20 receptor complexes significantly neutralized the inhibitory activity. Moreover, M1 had almost no cytotoxicity on the lung cancer A549 cell line, which lacks a full complement of the IL-20 receptor complexes, or on HEL cells that express the IL-20 receptor complexes. These findings demonstrate that M1 could act as an excellent candidate for the induction of growth arrest on receptor complex-positive cancer cells. In summary, the M1 peptide may represent a novel anticancer agent for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma therapy due to its cancer cell selectivity and its relatively low cytotoxicity to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunfeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Bangming Jin
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Heyu Song
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Pengkun Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Shi
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Life Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Zhinan Chen
- Cell Engineering Research Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xicheng, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Ziling Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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Tian H, Zhang DF, Zhang BF, Li HZ, Zhang Q, Li LT, Pei DS, Zheng JN. Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 induces caspase-3 denitrosylation to facilitate the activation of cancer cell apoptosis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2014; 35:157-67. [PMID: 25347351 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (mda-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24) induces caspase-3 cleavage and subsequent activation via the intrinsic or extrinsic pathway to result in cancer cell-selective apoptosis, but whether mda-7/IL-24 may directly regulate caspase-3 through the post-translational modification remains unknown. Here, we reported that tumor-selective replicating adenovirus ZD55-IL-24 led to caspase-3 denitrosylation and subsequent activation, indicating that caspase-3 denitrosylation played a crucial role in ZD55-IL-24-induced cancer cell apoptosis. To confirm the relationship between caspase-3 denitrosylation and its activation in response to ZD55-IL-24, we treated carcinoma cells with the different nitric oxide (NO) regulators to modulate caspase-3 denitrosylation level, then observed the corresponding caspase-3 cleavage. We found that NO inhibitor 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxy-3-oxide (PTIO) promoted caspase-3 denitrosylation and caspase-3 cleavage, thereby exacerbating ZD55-IL-24-induced cancer cell apoptosis, whereas NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) showed the opposite effect. Moreover, caspase-3 denitrosylation facilitated its downstream target poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) degradation that further increased the apoptotic susceptibility. Although caspase-3 activation controlled by denitrosylation modification has emerged as an important regulator of programmed cell death, the detailed molecular mechanism by which caspase-3 exerts its denitrosylation modification in response to ZD55-IL-24 still needs to be elucidated. Thus, our results demonstrated that ZD55-IL-24 increased Fas expression to enhance thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2), which was responsible for caspase-3 denitrosylation. Collectively, these findings elucidate that ZD55-IL-24 induces caspase-3 denitrosylation through Fas-mediated TrxR2 enhancement, thereby facilitating caspase-3 cleavage and the downstream caspase signaling pathway activation, which provides a novel insight into ZD55-IL-24-induced cancer-specific apoptosis by post-translational modification of the apoptotic executor caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tian
- Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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42
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WEI XUBIN, LIU LI, WANG GANG, LI WEI, XU KE, QI HONGYAN, LIU HONG, SHEN JING, LI ZHONGJIE, SHAO JIMIN. Potent antitumor activity of the Ad5/11 chimeric oncolytic adenovirus combined with interleukin-24 for acute myeloid leukemia via induction of apoptosis. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:111-8. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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MDA-7/IL-24: multifunctional cancer killing cytokine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 818:127-53. [PMID: 25001534 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6458-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
First identified almost two decades ago as a novel gene differentially expressed in human melanoma cells induced to terminally differentiate, MDA-7/IL-24 has since shown great potential as an anti-cancer gene. MDA-7/IL24, a secreted protein of the IL-10 family, functions as a cytokine at normal physiological levels and is expressed in tissues of the immune system. At supra-physiological levels, MDA-7/IL-24 plays a prominent role in inhibiting tumor growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis and was recently shown to target tumor stem/initiating cells for death. Much of the attention focused on MDA-7/IL-24 originated from the fact that it can selectively induce cell death in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Thus, this gene originally shown to be associated with melanoma cell differentiation has now proven to be a multi-functional protein affecting a broad array of cancers. Moreover, MDA-7/IL-24 has proven efficacious in a Phase I/II clinical trial in humans with multiple advanced cancers. As research in the field progresses, we will unravel more of the functions of MDA-7/IL-24 and define novel ways to utilize MDA-7/IL-24 in the treatment of cancer.
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Azab BM, Dash R, Das SK, Bhutia SK, Sarkar S, Shen XN, Quinn BA, Dent P, Dmitriev IP, Wang XY, Curiel DT, Pellecchia M, Reed JC, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Enhanced prostate cancer gene transfer and therapy using a novel serotype chimera cancer terminator virus (Ad.5/3-CTV). J Cell Physiol 2013; 229:34-43. [PMID: 23868767 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Few options are available for treating patients with advanced prostate cancer (PC). As PC is a slow growing disease and accessible by ultrasound, gene therapy could provide a viable option for this neoplasm. Conditionally replication-competent adenoviruses (CRCAs) represent potentially useful reagents for treating PC. We previously constructed a CRCA, cancer terminator virus (CTV), which showed efficacy both in vitro and in vivo for PC. The CTV was generated on a serotype 5-background (Ad.5-CTV) with infectivity depending on Coxsackie-Adenovirus Receptors (CARs). CARs are frequently reduced in many tumor types, including PCs thereby limiting effective Ad-mediated therapy. Using serotype chimerism, a novel CTV (Ad.5/3-CTV) was created by replacing the Ad.5 fiber knob with the Ad.3 fiber knob thereby facilitating infection in a CAR-independent manner. We evaluated Ad.5/3-CTV in comparison with Ad.5-CTV in low CAR human PC cells, demonstrating higher efficiency in inhibiting cell viability in vitro. Moreover, Ad.5/3-CTV potently suppressed in vivo tumor growth in a nude mouse xenograft model and in a spontaneously induced PC that develops in Hi-myc transgenic mice. Considering the significant responses in a Phase I clinical trial of a non-replicating Ad.5-mda-7 in advanced cancers, Ad.5/3-CTV may exert improved therapeutic benefit in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal M Azab
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
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Cancer preventive efficacy of marine carotenoid fucoxanthin: cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Nutrients 2013; 5:4978-89. [PMID: 24322524 PMCID: PMC3875925 DOI: 10.3390/nu5124978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological investigations have shown that overcoming the risk of cancer is related to the consumption of green vegetables and fruits. Many compounds from different origins, such as terrestrial plants and marine and microbial sources, have been reported to have therapeutic effects of which marine sources are the most important because the diversity of marine life is more varied than other sources. Fucoxanthin is one important compound with a marine origin and belongs to the group of carotenoids; it can be found in marine brown seaweeds, macroalgae, and diatoms, all of which have remarkable biological properties. Numerous studies have shown that fucoxanthin has considerable medicinal potential and promising applications in human health. In this review, we summarize the anticancer effects of fucoxanthin through several different mechanisms including anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and anti-angiogenesis, and its possible role in the treatment of cancer.
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Zhang Z, Kawamura K, Jiang Y, Shingyoji M, Ma G, Li Q, Hu J, Qi Y, Liu H, Zhang F, Kang S, Shan B, Wang S, Chada S, Tagawa M. Heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors synergistically enhance melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7-mediated cell killing of human pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2013; 20:663-70. [PMID: 24263157 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2013.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the intractable diseases and an effective therapeutic strategy is required to improve the prognosis. We examined possible antitumor effects of adenoviruses expressing melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (Ad-mda-7) and a heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor to human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Ad-mda-7 and an Hsp90 inhibitor, geldanamycin (GA), produced cytotoxic effects, and a combinatory use of Ad-mda-7 and GA further achieved synergistic effects. Administration of N-acetyl-L-cysteine, an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species, eliminated Ad-mda-7- and GA-mediated cytotoxicity. Ad-mda-7 augmented phosphorylated AKT levels but GA did not influence the phosphorylation. GA-treated cells showed cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase but not caspase-3, and upregulated Hsp70 and LC3A/B II levels, whereas Ad-mda-7-treated cells did not. GA treatments augmented ubiquitination and markedly increased melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (MDA-7) expression levels. These findings suggest that Ad-mda-7-mediated cytotoxicity is dependent on reactive oxygen species but independent of apoptosis or autophagy, and that GA-mediated cytotoxicity was linked with caspase-independent apoptosis and/or autophagy. A mechanism underlying the combinatory effects of Ad-mda-7 and GA remained complex and the synergism is attributable to multiple factors including increased MDA-7 protein stability by GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - K Kawamura
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Jiang
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Shingyoji
- Department of Thoracic Diseases, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - G Ma
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Hematology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Q Li
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [3] Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China [4] Cell Therapy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - J Hu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Y Qi
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - H Liu
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - F Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - S Kang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - B Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - S Chada
- SVP Translational Medicine, Intrexon Corporation, Germantown, MD, USA
| | - M Tagawa
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Zhao Y, Tian L, Sheng W, Miao J, Yang J. Hypalgesia effect of IL-24, a quite new mechanism for IL-24 application in cancer treatment. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2013; 33:606-11. [PMID: 23869901 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2012.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) has been extensively regarded as an anti-oncogene; however, that whether IL-24, as a member of IL-10 family, is involved in cancer pain was seldom reported before. In this study, we found that IL-24 mediated by adenovirus could significantly increase the plantar mechanical pain threshold in both operation side and contralateral side of the animal models, which were established by injecting 5×103 Walker 256 rat breast cancer ascitic tumor cells into rats' tibia bone medullary canals; IL-24 could also suppress in vitro Walker 256 cells growth by inducing cell apoptosis. Pathologically, IL-24 could protect bone trabecula and substantia corticalis ossium from being completely destructed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that IL-24 treatment could increase the β-endorphin levels and decrease the IL-6 concentration in plasma of animals. Our study indicated that IL-24 has a potential treatment effect on cancers not only by inhibiting tumor proliferation, but also by the promotion of β-endorphin synthesis, inhibition of IL-6 secretion to relieve cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Zhao
- 1 Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
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48
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Liu J, Zhang Y, Sun P, Xie Y, Xiang J, Yang J. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of adenovirus-mediated interleukin-24 gene therapy combined with ionizing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:1165-74. [PMID: 23783436 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (mda-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24), a unique cytokine tumor suppressor, displays ubiquitous antitumor activities and cancer-specific cytotoxicities via multiple signaling pathways. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effect of adenovirus-mediated IL-24 (AdVIL-24) gene therapy in conjunction with ionizing radiation on CNE-2Z human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells in vitro and in vivo in athymic nude mice, and its potential mechanisms. We demonstrated that AdVIL-24 gene therapy plus ionizing radiotherapy induced enhanced growth inhibition, cell cycle G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in vitro in CNE-2Z human NPC cells and in vivo in CNE-2Z xenografted tumors subcutaneously implanted in athymic nude mice. Mechanistically, AdVIL-24 combined with ionizing radiation led to the substantial upregulation of P21 and P27 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, ratio of pro-apoptotic to anti-apoptotic molecules Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase‑3 as well as downregulation of cyclin E and CDK2 in vitro and in vivo in CNE-2Z human NPC cells. Furthermore, AdVIL-24 plus radiation additively reduced the tumor vessel CD34 expression and microvessel density in vivo. More importantly, AdVIL-24 potentially blocked the radiation-induced enhancement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor. The enhanced antitumor activity against NPC elicited by AdVIL-24 gene therapy combined with ionizing radiotherapy was closely associated with the enhanced induction of G1 phase arrest and apoptosis via additive modulation of cell cycle regulatory molecules and activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathways, and the overlapping inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Thus, our results suggest that AdVIL-24 gene therapy combined with ionizing radiotherapy may be a novel and effective treatment strategy for human NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Liu
- Department of ENT, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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49
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Hedvat M, Emdad L, Das SK, Kim K, Dasgupta S, Thomas S, Hu B, Zhu S, Dash R, Quinn BA, Oyesanya RA, Kegelman TP, Sokhi UK, Sarkar S, Erdogan E, Menezes ME, Bhoopathi P, Wang XY, Pomper MG, Wei J, Wu B, Stebbins JL, Diaz PW, Reed JC, Pellecchia M, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Selected approaches for rational drug design and high throughput screening to identify anti-cancer molecules. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2013; 12:1143-55. [PMID: 22931411 DOI: 10.2174/187152012803529709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Structure-based modeling combined with rational drug design, and high throughput screening approaches offer significant potential for identifying and developing lead compounds with therapeutic potential. The present review focuses on these two approaches using explicit examples based on specific derivatives of Gossypol generated through rational design and applications of a cancer-specificpromoter derived from Progression Elevated Gene-3. The Gossypol derivative Sabutoclax (BI-97C1) displays potent anti-tumor activity against a diverse spectrum of human tumors. The model of the docked structure of Gossypol bound to Bcl-XL provided a virtual structure-activity-relationship where appropriate modifications were predicted on a rational basis. These structure-based studies led to the isolation of Sabutoclax, an optically pure isomer of Apogossypol displaying superior efficacy and reduced toxicity. These studies illustrate the power of combining structure-based modeling with rational design to predict appropriate derivatives of lead compounds to be empirically tested and evaluated for bioactivity. Another approach to cancer drug discovery utilizes a cancer-specific promoter as readouts of the transformed state. The promoter region of Progression Elevated Gene-3 is such a promoter with cancer-specific activity. The specificity of this promoter has been exploited as a means of constructing cancer terminator viruses that selectively kill cancer cells and as a systemic imaging modality that specifically visualizes in vivo cancer growth with no background from normal tissues. Screening of small molecule inhibitors that suppress the Progression Elevated Gene-3-promoter may provide relevant lead compounds for cancer therapy that can be combined with further structure-based approaches leading to the development of novel compounds for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hedvat
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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50
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Das SK, Sarkar S, Dash R, Dent P, Wang XY, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Chapter One---Cancer terminator viruses and approaches for enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Adv Cancer Res 2013; 115:1-38. [PMID: 23021240 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-398342-8.00001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
No single or combinatorial therapeutic approach has proven effective in decreasing morbidity or engendering a cure of metastatic cancer. In principle, conditionally replication-competent adenoviruses that induce tumor oncolysis through cancer-specific replication hold promise for cancer therapy. However, a single-agent approach may not be adequate to completely eradicate cancer in a patient because most cancers arise from abnormalities in multiple genetic and signal transduction pathways and targeting disseminated metastases is difficult to achieve. Based on these considerations, a novel class of cancer destroying adenoviruses have been produced, cancer terminator viruses (CTVs), in which cancer-specific replication is controlled by the progression-elevated gene-3 promoter and replicating viruses produce a second transgene encoding an apoptosis-inducing and immunomodulatory cytokine, either melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) or interferon-γ. This review focuses on these viruses and ways to improve their delivery systemically and enhance their therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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