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Shan Q, Chen N, Liu W, Qu F, Chen A. Exposure to 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development in C57BL/6 mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114563. [PMID: 32304952 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous in vitro studies have indicated that 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156) may be a new contributor to metabolic disruption and may further cause the occurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, no study has clarified the specific contributions of PCB 156 to NAFLD progression by constructing an in vivo model. Herein, we evaluated the effects of PCB 156 treatment (55 mg/kg, i.p.) on the livers of C57BL/6 mice fed a control diet (CD) or a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that PCB 156 administration increased intra-abdominal fat mass, hepatic lipid levels and dyslipidemia in the CD-fed group and aggravated NAFLD in HFD-fed group. By using transcriptomics studies and biological methods, we found that the genes expression involved in lipid metabolism pathways, such as lipogenesis, lipid accumulation and lipid β-oxidation, was greatly altered in liver tissues exposed to PCB 156. In addition, the cytochrome P450 pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and the glutathione metabolism pathway were significantly activated following exposure to PCB 156. Furthermore, PCB 156 exposure increased serum transaminase levels and lipid peroxidation, and the redox-related genes were significantly dysregulated in liver tissue. In conclusion, our data suggested that PCB 156 could promote NAFLD development by altering the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and inducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Ningning Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Fan Qu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Anhui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Resource Development and Quality Safe, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
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2
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Ishida T, Takeda T, Koga T, Yahata M, Ike A, Kuramoto C, Taketoh J, Hashiguchi I, Akamine A, Ishii Y, Yamada H. Attenuation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity by resveratrol: a comparative study with different routes of administration. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32:876-81. [PMID: 19420757 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is known to be antagonized by co-treatment with resveratrol. However, such a protective effect has been suggested from studies using subcutaneous injection of this polyphenol. To evaluate the practical usefulness of resveratrol, this study examined the protective effect of oral resveratrol on the sub-acute toxic effects of TCDD in C57BL/6J mice. A TCDD-induced wasting syndrome was not alleviated by treating mice for 28 d with oral resveratrol. However, subcutaneous injection of resveratrol for 5 d significantly improved the symptoms. Neither oral nor subcutaneous administration of resveratrol alleviated TCDD-induced hepatomegaly and thymic atrophy. Steatosis produced by TCDD was markedly counteracted by co-treatment with oral resveratrol, whereas resveratrol injected subcutaneously had no effect. The reason for the lack of protective effect via the latter dosing route was assumed to be due to the minor accumulation of hepatic lipids 5 d after TCDD treatment. To clarify the mechanisms, the activity of ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the liver were measured. Both indices increased by TCDD treatment were significantly suppressed by subcutaneous injection of resveratrol. In contrast, oral resveratrol failed to rescue them. In agreement with the greater protective effects of subcutaneously-injected resveratrol, pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the area under the curve extrapolated to infinity (AUC(infinity)) was 8.2-times greater following subcutaneous injection compared with oral administration. These data suggest that 1) oral resveratrol is attractive candidate as an agent capable of combating dioxin toxicity and 2) increasing the bioavailability of this polyphenol enhances its protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Ishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Luthe G, Jacobus J, Robertson L. Receptor interactions by polybrominated diphenyl ethers versus polychlorinated biphenyls: a theoretical Structure-activity assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2008; 25:202-10. [PMID: 19768137 PMCID: PMC2746664 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2007.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The extensive body of literature regarding the interaction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with transcription factors (receptors) has great value to understand similarities and distinctions and in formulating hypotheses regarding the activity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) toward those same receptors. Our goal is to present the most comprehensive overview of PBDE effects on AhR, CAR, PXR, ER, AR, PR, DHT, TH, T3, T4 and IGF, as well as hypothetical biological activities of PPAR, RyR, GR and GABA. Aside the influence of the conformation of the ligand, we discuss its constitution influencing the binding affinity: size and polarizability, hydrophilicity, Gibbs free energy of solvation, inductive and mesomeric effects. We evaluate the techniques to determine the biologically relevant conformation of these halogenated hydrocarbons, including computation methods, X-ray and microwave spectroscopy. A novel fluoro-tagged ligand approach holds promise as tools for illuminating the steric and electronic effects in ligand-receptor interaction. Based on our assessment, we predict that PBDEs do not exhibit AhR activity themselves, but impurities are responsible for these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Luthe
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus # 124 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA
| | - J.A. Jacobus
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus # 124 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA
- Institute for Life Science and Technology, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - L.W. Robertson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus # 124 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA
- Institute for Life Science and Technology, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Klösener J, Swenson DC, Robertson LW, Luthe G. Effects of fluoro substitution on 4-bromodiphenyl ether (PBDE 3). ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE 2008; 64:108-19. [PMID: 18204217 PMCID: PMC3120100 DOI: 10.1107/s0108768107067079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
It is our hypothesis that fluoro substitution provides a powerful tool to modulate the desired characteristics and to increase the specificity of studies of structure-activity relationships. 4-Bromodiphenyl ether (PBDE 3) and its five corresponding monofluorinated analogues (F-PBDEs 3) have been synthesized and fully characterized (using (1)H, (13)C and (19)F NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry). The accurate structure from X-ray crystal analysis was compared with iterative calculations using semi-empirical self-consistent field molecular-orbital (SCF-MO) models. The compounds studied were 4-bromodiphenyl ether (PBDE 3), the (13)C(6)-isotopically labeled PBDE 3 ((13)C(6)-PBDE 3) and 2-fluoro-4-bromodiphenyl ether (3-2F), 2'-fluoro-4-bromodiphenyl ether (3-2'F), 3-fluoro-4-bromodiphenyl ether (3-3F), 3'-fluoro-4-bromodiphenyl ether (3-3'F), and 4'-fluoro-4-bromodiphenyl ether (3-4'F). Solid-state intermolecular interactions for PBDE 3 and the F-PBDEs 3 isomers are dominated by weak C-H(F,Br)...pi and C-H...F interactions. The C-F bond lengths varied between 1.347 (2) and 1.362 (2) A, and the C4-Br bond length between 1.880 (3) and 1.904 (2) A. These bond lengths are correlated with electron-density differences, as determined by (13)C shifts, but not with the strength of the C-F couplings. The interior ring angles of ipso-fluoro substitution increased (121.9-124.0 degrees ) as a result of hyperconjugation, a phenomenon also predicted by the calculation models. An attraction between the vicinal fluoro and halo substituents (observed in fluoro substituted chlorobiphenyls) was not observed for the bromo substituted F-PBDEs. The influence of a fluoro substituent on the conformation was only observable in PBDEs with di-ortho substitution. Calculated and observed torsion angles showed a positive correlation with increasing van der Waals radii and/or the degree of substitution for mono- to tetra-fluoro, chloro, bromo and methyl substitutions in the ortho positions of diphenyl ether. These findings utilizing F-tagged analogues presented here may prove fundamental to the interpretation of the biological effects and toxicities of these persistent environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Klösener
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus # 124 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA
- Institute for Life Science and Technology, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - D. C. Swenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - L. W. Robertson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus # 124 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA
| | - G. Luthe
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus # 124 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA
- Institute for Life Science and Technology, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands
- University of Bremen, Institute for Inorganic & Physical Chemistry, Bremen, Germany
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Ishida T, Ishizaki M, Tsutsumi S, Ishii Y, Yamada H. Piperine, a Pepper Ingredient, Improves the Hepatic Increase in Free Fatty Acids Caused by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.54.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Ishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Mizuho Ishizaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Siho Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Hideyuki Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
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Robertson LW, Berberian I, Borges T, Chen LC, Chow CK, Glauert HP, Filser JG, Thomas H. Suppression of peroxisomal enzyme activities and cytochrome P450 4A isozyme expression by congeneric polybrominated and polychlorinated biphenyls. PPAR Res 2007; 2007:15481. [PMID: 18274624 PMCID: PMC2220027 DOI: 10.1155/2007/15481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of PCBs and PBBs on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha-(PPARalpha-) associated enzyme activities or protein levels. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered a single IP injection (150 mu mol/kg) of either 3,3',4,4'-tetrabromobiphenyl, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobiphenyl, 2',3,3',4,5-pentachlorobiphenyl, 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl, 2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl, or 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl in corn oil (10 ml/kg). One week later, the activities of catalase, peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase, and peroxisomal beta-oxidation as well as cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A) protein content were determined in subcellular liver fractions. None of the peroxisomal enzyme activities were significantly increased by any of the halogenated biphenyl congeners tested. Except for minor (approx. 25%) increases in the total CYP4A content following treatment with 2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl and 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobiphenyl, CYP4A protein contents were not increased by any treatment. The two Ah receptor agonists, 3,3',4,4'-tetrabromobiphenyl and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl, significantly diminished the liver content of CYP4A proteins and activities of the peroxisomal enzymes studied. Since a range of congeners with different biologic and toxicologic activities were selected for this study, it may be concluded that the polyhalogenated biphenyls do not induce peroxisome proliferation in the male rat, but rather certain members of this class of compounds down regulate peroxisome-associated enzymes. Since PCBs and PBBs do not increase enzyme activities and expression of proteins associated with PPARalpha, these agents are therefore exerting their carcinogenic and promoting activities by some other mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry W Robertson
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Funkhouser Building, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Ishii Y, Akazawa D, Aoki Y, Yamada H, Oguri K. Suppression of carbonic anhydrase III mRNA level by an aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand in primary cultured hepatocytes of rat. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 28:1087-90. [PMID: 15930751 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand on the carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) mRNA level was studied using primary cultured hepatocytes of rats. CAIII gene which is highly suppressible by dioxins in vivo, was also suppressible in primary cultured hepatocytes of rats by an AhR ligand, 3-methylchlanthrene (3MC). The suppression of CAIII by 3MC was observed in a dose-dependent fashion. The suppression was marked at 10 microM MC. It is likely that AhR is involved in the suppression of the CAIII gene. The transcriptional regulation region of rat CAIII gene was cloned by polymerase chain reaction on the basis of the similarity to the mouse and human CAIII genes. A 1.5 kb section upstream of rat CAIII was sequenced and the transcription initiation site of this gene was mapped to 58 bases upstream of the initiation codon. A xenobiotic responsive element (XRE)-like sequence was found at -555 to -549 bp of the transcription initiation site. The location of XRE-like element was conserved between rats and mice those CAIIIs in liver were shown as dioxins-suppressible. Although the roles of the XRE have not been clarified, these results suggest that the AhR ligands could elicit the suppressive effect on hepatic CAIII and the effect on the factors from extrahepatic tissues is not required for the suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ishii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Ishii Y, Oguri K. Liver Proteins that are Sensitive to a Dioxin-Like Toxic Compound, Coplanar Polychlorinated Biphenyl, 3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.48.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ishii
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Kazuta Oguri
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
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Ikeda M, Ishii Y, Kato H, Akazawa D, Hatsumura M, Ishida T, Matsusue K, Yamada H, Oguri K. Suppression of carbonic anhydrase III in rat liver by a dioxin-related toxic compound, coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl, 3, 3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl. Arch Biochem Biophys 2000; 380:159-64. [PMID: 10900145 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.2000.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl, 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PenCB), significantly suppresses the expression of rat liver carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII), an enzyme which has recently been suggested to prevent from H(2)O(2)-inducible apoptosis. Marked changes in the CAIII levels of liver cytosol were observed in rats following doses of PenCB ranging from 0.5 to 25 mg/kg body weight and maximum suppression was observed at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Northern analysis revealed that the level of CAIII mRNA in rat liver was dramatically reduced by PenCB treatment while only weak suppression was observed in pair-fed controls. Two AU-rich elements, considered as a destabilizing signal of mRNA, were found in the 3'-untranslated region of CAIII sequenced after reverse transcription-PCR and 3'-rapid amplification of the cDNA end. Dramatic decrease of CAIII in rat liver by PenCB could account for the suppression of the defense system for oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ikeda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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