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Rodríguez J, Vázquez L, Flórez AB, Mayo B. Phenotype testing, genome analysis, and metabolic interactions of three lactic acid bacteria strains existing as a consortium in a naturally fermented milk. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1000683. [PMID: 36212860 PMCID: PMC9539746 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports the characterization of three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains -Lactococcus lactis LA1, Lactococcus cremoris LA10, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LA30- existing as a stable consortium in a backslopping-inoculated, naturally fermented milk (NFM). This study aimed at uncovering the biochemical and genetic basis of the stability of the consortium and the cooperativity among the strains during milk fermentation. All three strains were subjected to phenotyping, covering the utilization of carbohydrates, enzyme activity, and antibiotic resistance. The strains were grown in milk individually, as well as in all possible combinations, and the resulting fermented product was analyzed for sugars, organic acids, and volatile compounds. Finally, the genomes of the three strains were sequenced and analyzed for genes associated with technological and safety properties. As expected, wide phenotypic diversity was seen between the strains. Lactococcus cremoris LA10 was the only strain to reach high cell densities and coagulate milk alone after incubation at 22°C for 24 h; congruently, it possessed a gene coding for a PrtP type II caseinolytic protease. Compared to any other fermentation, acetaldehyde concentrations were greater by a factor of six when all three strains grew together in milk, suggesting that its production might be the result of an interaction between them. Lactococcus lactis LA1, which carried a plasmid-encoded citQRP operon, was able to utilize milk citrate producing diacetyl and acetoin. No genes encoding virulence traits or pathogenicity factors were identified in any of the strains, and none produced biogenic amines from amino acid precursors, suggesting them to be safe. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LA30 was susceptible to tetracycline, although it harbors a disrupted antibiotic resistance gene belonging to the tetM/tetW/tetO/tetS family. All three strains contained large numbers of pseudogenes, suggesting that they are well adapted ("domesticated") to the milk environment. The consortium as a whole or its individual strains might have a use as a starter or as starter components for dairy fermentations. The study of simple consortia, such as that existing in this NFM, can help reveal how microorganisms interact with one another, and what influence they may have on the sensorial properties of fermented products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Lucía Vázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Flórez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Baltasar Mayo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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Green strategies to control redox potential in the fermented food industry. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gallego-Páramo C, Hernández-Ortiz N, Buey RM, Rico-Lastres P, García G, Díaz JF, García P, Menéndez M. Structural and Functional Insights Into Skl and Pal Endolysins, Two Cysteine-Amidases With Anti-pneumococcal Activity. Dithiothreitol (DTT) Effect on Lytic Activity. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:740914. [PMID: 34777288 PMCID: PMC8586454 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.740914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We have structurally and functionally characterized Skl and Pal endolysins, the latter being the first endolysin shown to kill effectively Streptococcus pneumoniae, a leading cause of deathly diseases. We have proved that Skl and Pal are cysteine-amidases whose catalytic domains, from CHAP and Amidase_5 families, respectively, share an α3β6-fold with papain-like topology. Catalytic triads are identified (for the first time in Amidase_5 family), and residues relevant for substrate binding and catalysis inferred from in silico models, including a calcium-binding site accounting for Skl dependence on this cation for activity. Both endolysins contain a choline-binding domain (CBD) with a β-solenoid fold (homology modeled) and six conserved choline-binding loci whose saturation induced dimerization. Remarkably, Pal and Skl dimers display a common overall architecture, preserved in choline-bound dimers of pneumococcal lysins with other catalytic domains and bond specificities, as disclosed using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Additionally, Skl is proved to be an efficient anti-pneumococcal agent that kills multi-resistant strains and clinical emergent-serotype isolates. Interestingly, Skl and Pal time-courses of pneumococcal lysis were sigmoidal, which might denote a limited access of both endolysins to target bonds at first stages of lysis. Furthermore, their DTT-mediated activation, of relevance for other cysteine-peptidases, cannot be solely ascribed to reversal of catalytic-cysteine oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gallego-Páramo
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Hernández-Ortiz
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén M. Buey
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Palma Rico-Lastres
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe García
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Menéndez
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Ghazaryan A, Blbulyan S, Poladyan A, Trchounian A. Redox stress in geobacilli from geothermal springs: Phenomenon and membrane-associated response mechanisms. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 105:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Reducing activity, glucose metabolism and acid tolerance response of Bacillus cereus grown at various pH and oxydo-reduction potential levels. Food Microbiol 2015; 46:314-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Comparable effects of low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation at the frequency of 51.8 and 53 GHz and antibiotic ceftazidime on Lactobacillus acidophilus growth and survival. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:829-35. [PMID: 23516095 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation (EMI) with the frequencies of 51.8 and 53 GHz on Lactobacillus acidophilus growth and survival were revealed. These effects were compared with antibacterial effects of antibiotic ceftazidime. Decrease in bacterial growth rate by EMI was comparable with the inhibitory effect of ceftazidime (minimal inhibitory concentration-16 μM) and no enhanced action was observed with combined effects of EMI and the antibiotic. However, EMI-enhanced antibiotic inhibitory effect on bacterial survival. The kinetics of the bacterial suspension oxidation-reduction potential up to 24 h of the growth was changed by EMI and ceftazidime. The changes were more strongly expressed by combined effects of EMI and antibiotic especially up to 12 h. Moreover, EMI did not change overall energy (glucose)-dependent H(+) efflux across the membrane but it increased N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)-inhibited H(+) efflux. In contrast, this EMI in combination with ceftazidime decreased DCCD-sensitive H(+) efflux. Low-intensity EMI had inhibitory effect on L. acidophilus bacterial growth and survival. The effect on bacterial survival was more significant in the combination with ceftazidime. The H(+)-translocating F 0 F 1-ATPase, for which DCCD is specific inhibitor, might be a target for EMI and ceftazidime. The revealed bactericide effects on L. acidophilus can be applied in biotechnology, food producing and safety technology.
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Poladyan A, Avagyan A, Vassilian A, Trchounian A. Oxidative and Reductive Routes of Glycerol and Glucose Fermentation by Escherichia coli Batch Cultures and Their Regulation by Oxidizing and Reducing Reagents at Different pHs. Curr Microbiol 2012; 66:49-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-012-0240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ignatova M, Prévost H, Leguerinel I, Guillou S. Growth and reducing capacity of Listeria monocytogenes under different initial redox potential. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 108:256-65. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Higl B, Kurtmann L, Carlsen CU, Ratjen J, Först P, Skibsted LH, Kulozik U, Risbo J. Impact of Water Activity, Temperature, and Physical State on the Storage Stability ofLactobacillus paracaseissp.paracaseiFreeze-Dried in a Lactose Matrix. Biotechnol Prog 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/bp070089d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kirakosyan G, Trchounian A. Redox sensing by Escherichia coli: Effects of copper ions as oxidizers on proton-coupled membrane transport. Bioelectrochemistry 2007; 70:58-63. [PMID: 16713752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is able to grow under anaerobic fermentation conditions upon a decrease in redox potential (E(h)). Indeed, upon a transition of E. coli MC4100 wild-type culture to stationary growth phase a decrease in E(h) from the positive values ( approximately +100 mV) to the negative ones ( approximately -520 mV) was observed, the acidification of the medium and the H(2) production were obtained. An oxidizer, copper ions (Cu(2+)) affected a bacterial growth in a concentration-dependent manner (of 0.1 mM to 10 mM) increasing latent (lag) growth phase duration, delaying logarithmic (log) growth phase and decreasing specific growth rate. Acidification of the medium and the N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)- and azide-sensitive proton-potassium exchange by bacteria were inhibited, H(2) production upon growth and under assays disappeared with Cu(2+) (0.1 mM). These effects were observed with hycE but not hyfR and hyc(A-H) mutants and under aerobic conditions. Cu(2+) also increased membrane proton conductance. Copper ions are suggested to affect directly the F(0)F(1)-ATPase associated with potassium uptake transport system and/or formate hydrogenlyase composed with hydrogenase 4. A role of the F(0)F(1)-ATPase in redox sensing under fermentation is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayane Kirakosyan
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoukian Str., 375025 Yerevan, Armenia
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Kieronczyk A, Cachon R, Feron G, Yvon M. Addition of oxidizing or reducing agents to the reaction medium influences amino acid conversion to aroma compounds by Lactococcus lactis. J Appl Microbiol 2006; 101:1114-22. [PMID: 17040235 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of extracellular redox potential (Eh) on amino acid conversion to aroma compounds by Lactococcus lactis that is commonly used as a starter in the cheese industry. METHODS AND RESULTS The study was realized in vitro by incubating resting cells of L. lactis in reaction media in which E(h) was modified by the addition of oxidizing or reducing agents. Oxidative condition (+300 mV) favoured the production of aldehydes and volatile sulfur compounds responsible for malty, floral, fruity, almond and cabbage aroma. This production was mainly the result of a chemical oxidation of the alpha-keto acids produced by amino acid transamination. In contrast, reducing condition (-200 mV) stimulated the production of carboxylic acids such as phenylacetic, methylthiopropionic and isovaleric acids, which contribute to the very-ripened-cheese aroma as well as the production of hydroxy acids. CONCLUSIONS Eh of the medium highly influences the nature of aroma compounds produced from amino acid catabolism by the resting cells of L. lactis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY E(h) is a parameter that is not controlled during cheese production. Its control throughout cheese making and ripening could permit control of aroma formation in cheese.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kieronczyk
- Unité de Biochimie et Structure des Protéines, INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Ly MH, Vo NH, Le TM, Belin JM, Waché Y. Diversity of the surface properties of Lactococci and consequences on adhesion to food components. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2006; 52:149-53. [PMID: 16844359 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2006] [Accepted: 04/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria possess surface properties, related to their charge, hydrophobicity and Lewis acid/base characteristics, that are involved in the attachment processes of microorganisms to surfaces. Fermentation bulks and food matrixes are complex heterogeneous media containing various components with different physicochemical characteristics. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether (i) bacteria present in a food matrix, interacted physicochemically at their surface level with the other constituents and (ii) the diversity of bacterial surface properties could result in a diversity of microbial adhesion to components and thus in a diversity of tolerance to toxic compounds. The surface properties of 20 lactic acid bacteria were characterized by the MATS method showing their relatively hydrophilic and various basic characteristics. The results obtained from a set of representative strains showed that (i) the strains with higher affinity for apolar solvents adsorbed more to lipids and hydrophobic compounds, (ii) the more the strains adsorbed to a toxic solvent, the less they were tolerant to this solvent. A diversity of bacterial surface properties was observed for the strains in the same species showing the importance of choosing bacteria according to their surface properties in function of technological objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ly
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie UMR UB/INRA 1232, IFR 92, Ensbana 1, Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
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Waché Y, Husson F, Feron G, Belin JM. Yeast as an efficient biocatalyst for the production of lipid-derived flavours and fragrances. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2006; 89:405-16. [PMID: 16779636 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-005-9049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Responding to consumer' demand for natural products, biotechnology is constantly seeking new biocatalysts. In the field of hydrophobic substrate degradation, some yeast species known some years ago as non-conventional, have acquired their right to be considered as good biocatalysts. These Candida, Yarrowia, Sporobolomyces ... are now used for themselves or for their lipases in processes to produce flavours and fragrances. In this paper we present some examples of use of these biocatalysts to generate high-value compounds and discuss the new trends related to progress in the development of molecular tools or the mastering of the redox characteristics of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Waché
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie UMR UB-INRA, ENSBANA, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000, Dijon, France.
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