1
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Cruchade H, Medeiros-Costa IC, Nesterenko N, Gilson JP, Pinard L, Beuque A, Mintova S. Catalytic Routes for Direct Methane Conversion to Hydrocarbons and Hydrogen: Current State and Opportunities. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cruchade
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14050Caen, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Gilson
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14050Caen, France
| | - Ludovic Pinard
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14050Caen, France
| | - Antoine Beuque
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (ICM2P), UMR 7285 CNRS, 86073Poitiers, France
| | - Svetlana Mintova
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14050Caen, France
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2
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Stepanov AA, Korobitsyna LL, Vosmerikov AV. State-of-the-Art and Achievements in the Catalytic Conversion of Natural Gas into Valuable Chemicals. CATALYSIS IN INDUSTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2070050422010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Sharifi K, Halladj R, Royaee SJ, Towfighi F, Firoozi S, Yousefi H. Effective factors on performance of zeolite based metal catalysts in light hydrocarbon aromatization. REV CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aromatic hydrocarbons are essential compounds, that the presence of which in fuels can improve the octane number. The conversion of the light alkanes to high value aromatics is vital from theoretical and industrial standpoints. Zeolites such as ZSM-5 play an essential role in the aromatization of light alkanes. This paper highlights the mechanism of aromatization of light alkanes such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, and its isomers. Furthermore, effective factors on the aromatization of light alkanes including metal type, crystallinity, acidity, space velocity, pretreatment of zeolites, co-feeding of light hydrocarbon, and operating factors such as temperature have been investigated to determine how a system of zeolite with metals can be useful to reach aromatization with high conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khashayar Sharifi
- Petroleum Refining Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry , P.O. Box 1485733111 , Tehran , Iran
| | - Rouein Halladj
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) , P.O. Box 15875-4413 , Hafez Ave. , Tehran , Iran
| | - Seyed Javid Royaee
- Petroleum Refining Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry , P.O. Box 1485733111 , Tehran , Iran
| | - Farshid Towfighi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology , P.O. Box 51335-1996 , New Sahand Town , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Sepideh Firoozi
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hamidreza Yousefi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa , Pisa , Toscana , Italy
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4
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Ismagilov I, Vosmerikov A, Korobitsyna L, Matus E, Kerzhentsev M, Stepanov A, Mihaylova E, Ismagilov Z. Promoters for Improvement of the Catalyst Performance in Methane Valorization Processes. EURASIAN CHEMICO-TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the introduction of modifying additives in the composition of catalysts is considered as an effective mode of improving functional characteristics of materials for two processes of methane conversion into valuable products – methane dehydroaromatization (DHA of CH4) into benzene and hydrogen and autothermal reforming of methane (ATR of CH4) into synthesis gas. The effect of type and content of promoters on the structural and electronic state of the active component as well as catalyst activity and stability against deactivation is discussed. For DHA of CH4 the operation mode of additives M = Ag, Ni, Fe in the composition of Mo-M/ZSM-5 catalysts was elucidated and correlated with the product yield and coke content. It was shown that when Ag serves as a promoter, the duration of the catalyst stable operation is enhanced due to a decrease in the rate of the coke formation. In the case of Ni and Fe additives, the Ni-Мо and Fe-Mo alloys are formed that retain the catalytic activity for a long time in spite of the carbon accumulation. For ATR of CH4, the influence of M = Pd, Pt, Re, Mo, Sn in the composition of Ni-M catalysts supported on La2O3 or Ce0.5Zr0.5O2/Al2O3 was elucidated. It was demonstrated that for Ni-M/La2O3 catalysts, Pd is a more efficient promoter that improves the reducibility of Ni cations and increases the content of active Nio centers. In the case of Ni-M/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2/Al2O3 samples, Re is considered the best promoter due to the formation of an alloy with anti-coking and anti-sintering properties. The use of catalysts with optimal promoter type and its content provides high efficiency of methane valorization processes.
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5
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Improved protocol for optimizing Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst for methane aromatization. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Direct synthesis of p-methyl benzaldehyde from acetaldehyde via an organic amine-catalyzed dehydrogenation mechanism. iScience 2021; 24:103028. [PMID: 34522868 PMCID: PMC8426279 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
p-Methyl benzaldehyde (p-MBA) is a class of key chemical intermediates of pharmaceuticals. Conventional industrial processes for p-MBA production involve the consecutive photochlorination, amination, and acid hydrolysis of petroleum-derived p-xylene, while producing vast pollutants and waste water. Herein, we report a direct, green route for selective synthesis of p-MBA from acetaldehyde using a diphenyl prolinol trimethylsilyl ether catalyst. The optimized p-MBA selectivity is up to 90% at an acetaldehyde conversion as high as 99.8%. Intermediate structure and 18O-isotope data revealed that the conversion of acetaldehyde to p-methylcyclohexadienal intermediates proceeds in an enamine-iminium intermediate mechanism. Then, controlled experiments and D-isotope results indicated that the dehydrogenation of p-methylcyclohexadienal to p-MBA and H2 is catalyzed by the same amines through an iminium intermediate. This is an example that metal-free amines catalyze the dehydrogenation (releasing H2), rather than using metals or stoichiometric oxidants. A direct route to produce p-methyl benzaldehyde from biomass-derived acetaldehyde Revealing the reaction kinetics and mechanism under reaction conditions An example of an organic amine-catalyzed dehydrogenation-aromatization reaction
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7
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Ultrasound-Assisted Preparation of Mo/ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst for Non-Oxidative Methane Dehydroaromatization. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity and selectivity of Mo/ZSM-5, benchmarking catalyst for the non-oxidative dehydroaromatization of methane, strongly depend on the cluster size, spatial distribution, and chemical environment of the Mo-based active sites. This study discloses the use of an ultrasound-assisted ion-exchange (US-IE) technique as an alternative Mo/ZSM-5 synthesis procedure in order to promote metal dispersion along the zeolite framework. For this purpose, a plate transducer (91.8 kHz) is employed to transmit the ultrasonic irradiation (US) into the ion-exchange reactor. The physico-chemical properties and catalytic activity of samples prepared under the said irradiation procedure and traditional impregnation (IWI) method are critically evaluated. Characterization results suggest that US neither affects the crystalline structure nor the particle size of the parent zeolite. However, US-IE promotes molybdenum species dispersion, avoids clustering at the external fresh zeolite surface and enhances molybdate species anchoring to the zeolite framework with respect to IWI. Despite the improved metal dispersion, the catalytic activity between catalysts synthesized by US-IE and IWI is comparable. This suggests that the sole initial dispersion enhancement does not suffice to boost the catalyst productivity and further actions such ZSM-5 support and catalyst pre-conditioning are required. Nevertheless, the successful implementation of US-IE and the resulting metal dispersion enhancement pave the way toward the application of this technique to the synthesis of other dispersed catalysts and materials of interest.
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8
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Kosinov N, Hensen EJM. Reactivity, Selectivity, and Stability of Zeolite-Based Catalysts for Methane Dehydroaromatization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002565. [PMID: 32656906 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-oxidative dehydroaromatization is arguably the most promising process for the direct upgrading of cheap and abundant methane to liquid hydrocarbons. This reaction has not been commercialized yet because of the suboptimal activity and swift deactivation of benchmark Mo-zeolite catalysts. This progress report represents an elaboration on the recent developments in understanding of zeolite-based catalytic materials for high-temperature non-oxidative dehydroaromatization of methane. It is specifically focused on recent studies, relevant to the materials chemistry and elucidating i) the structure of active species in working catalysts; ii) the complex molecular pathways underlying the mechanism of selective conversion of methane to benzene; iii) structure, evolution and role of coke species; and iv) process intensification strategies to improve the deactivation resistance and overall performance of the catalysts. Finally, unsolved challenges in this field of research are outlined and an outlook is provided on promising directions toward improving the activity, stability, and selectivity of methane dehydroaromatization catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Kosinov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J M Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
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9
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Liu Y, Kooli F, Borgna A. Tandem dual bed Mo/HZSM-5 and Mo/HMCM-22 catalysts with enhanced catalytic performance for natural gas conversion to aromatics. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Promoting Mechanism of MCAR/MDA Coupling Reaction Under Oxygen-Rich Condition to Avoid Rapid Deactivation of MDA Reaction. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Vinichenko NV, Golinskii DV, Zatolokina EV, Paukshtis EA, Muromtsev IV, Gulyaeva TI, Belyi AS. Joint Conversion of Methane with Pentane on Alumina–Platinum Catalysts Modified with Zirconium Oxide under Nonoxidizing Conditions. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158419020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Advances in Catalyst Design for the Conversion of Methane to Aromatics: A Critical Review. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-018-9262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Kumar A, Song K, Liu L, Han Y, Bhan A. Absorptive Hydrogen Scavenging for Enhanced Aromatics Yield During Non‐oxidative Methane Dehydroaromatization on Mo/H‐ZSM‐5 Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Kepeng Song
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterPhysical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Lingmei Liu
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterPhysical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterPhysical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Aditya Bhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
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14
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Kumar A, Song K, Liu L, Han Y, Bhan A. Absorptive Hydrogen Scavenging for Enhanced Aromatics Yield During Non‐oxidative Methane Dehydroaromatization on Mo/H‐ZSM‐5 Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15577-15582. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Kepeng Song
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterPhysical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Lingmei Liu
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterPhysical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterPhysical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Aditya Bhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
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15
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Agote‐Arán M, Kroner AB, Islam HU, Sławiński WA, Wragg DS, Lezcano‐González I, Beale AM. Determination of Molybdenum Species Evolution during Non‐Oxidative Dehydroaromatization of Methane and its Implications for Catalytic Performance. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miren Agote‐Arán
- Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX11 0FA (UK) & Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DEU UK
| | - Anna B. Kroner
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DEU UK
| | - Husn U. Islam
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount's Court Sonning Common Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Wojciech A. Sławiński
- INGAP Centre for Research Based Innovation Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oslo N-0315 Oslo Norway
- The ISIS Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory OX11 0QX UK
| | - David S. Wragg
- INGAP Centre for Research Based Innovation Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oslo N-0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Inés Lezcano‐González
- Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX11 0FA (UK) & Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
- UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX110FA UK
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX11 0FA (UK) & Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
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16
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Kosinov N, Uslamin EA, Coumans FJAG, Wijpkema ASG, Rohling RY, Hensen EJM. Structure and Evolution of Confined Carbon Species during Methane Dehydroaromatization over Mo/ZSM-5. ACS Catal 2018; 8:8459-8467. [PMID: 30271670 PMCID: PMC6156090 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Surface carbon (coke, carbonaceous
deposits) is an integral aspect
of methane dehydroaromatization catalyzed by Mo/zeolites. We investigated
the evolution of surface carbon species from the beginning of the
induction period until the complete catalyst deactivation by the pulse
reaction technique, TGA, 13C NMR, TEM, and XPS. Isotope
labeling was performed to confirm the catalytic role of confined carbon
species during MDA. It was found that “hard” and “soft”
coke distinction is mainly related to the location of coke species
inside the pores and on the external surface, respectively. In addition,
MoO3 species act as an active oxidation catalyst, reducing
the combustion temperature of a certain fraction of coke. Furthermore,
after dissolving the zeolite framework by HF, we found that coke formed
during the MDA reaction inside the zeolite pores is essentially a
zeolite-templated carbon material. The possibility of preparing zeolite-templated
carbons from the most available hydrocarbon feedstock is important
for the development of these interesting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Kosinov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Uslamin
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ferdy J. A. G. Coumans
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra S. G. Wijpkema
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Roderigh Y. Rohling
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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17
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Sun K, Ginosar DM, He T, Zhang Y, Fan M, Chen R. Progress in Nonoxidative Dehydroaromatization of Methane in the Last 6 Years. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Sun
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | | | - Ting He
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho
Falls, Idaho 83402, United States
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Chemistry & Physics Center, National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy, P.O. Box 001 Shenhua NICE, Beijing 102211, China
| | - Maohong Fan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
- Department
of Petroleum Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
- School
of Energy Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ruiping Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
- State Key
Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
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18
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Tan P. The catalytic performance of Mo-impregnated HZSM-5 zeolite in CH4 aromatization: Strong influence of Mo loading and pretreatment conditions. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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19
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Fouty NJ, Carrasco JC, Lima FV. Modeling and Design Optimization of Multifunctional Membrane Reactors for Direct Methane Aromatization. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:membranes7030048. [PMID: 28850068 PMCID: PMC5618133 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7030048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the recent increase of natural gas production in the U.S., utilizing natural gas for higher-value chemicals has become imperative. Direct methane aromatization (DMA) is a promising process used to convert methane to benzene, but it is limited by low conversion of methane and rapid catalyst deactivation by coking. Past work has shown that membrane separation of the hydrogen produced in the DMA reactions can dramatically increase the methane conversion by shifting the equilibrium toward the products, but it also increases coke production. Oxygen introduction into the system has been shown to inhibit this coke production while not inhibiting the benzene production. This paper introduces a novel mathematical model and design to employ both methods in a multifunctional membrane reactor to push the DMA process into further viability. Multifunctional membrane reactors, in this case, are reactors where two different separations occur using two differently selective membranes, on which no systems studies have been found. The proposed multifunctional membrane design incorporates a hydrogen-selective membrane on the outer wall of the reaction zone, and an inner tube filled with airflow surrounded by an oxygen-selective membrane in the middle of the reactor. The design is shown to increase conversion via hydrogen removal by around 100%, and decrease coke production via oxygen addition by 10% when compared to a tubular reactor without any membranes. Optimization studies are performed to determine the best reactor design based on methane conversion, along with coke and benzene production. The obtained optimal design considers a small reactor (length = 25 cm, diameter of reaction tube = 0.7 cm) to subvert coke production and consumption of the product benzene as well as a high permeance (0.01 mol/s·m2·atm1/4) through the hydrogen-permeable membrane. This modeling and design approach sets the stage for guiding further development of multifunctional membrane reactor models and designs for natural gas utilization and other chemical reaction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Fouty
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Juan C Carrasco
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Fernando V Lima
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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20
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Schwach P, Pan X, Bao X. Direct Conversion of Methane to Value-Added Chemicals over Heterogeneous Catalysts: Challenges and Prospects. Chem Rev 2017; 117:8497-8520. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 656] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Schwach
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Xiulian Pan
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Xinhe Bao
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
- Chemistry
Department, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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21
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22
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Karakaya C, Morejudo SH, Zhu H, Kee RJ. Catalytic Chemistry for Methane Dehydroaromatization (MDA) on a Bifunctional Mo/HZSM-5 Catalyst in a Packed Bed. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Canan Karakaya
- Mechanical
Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Selene Hernández Morejudo
- Coorstek
Membrane
Sciences, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalléen
21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, FERMiO, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Huayang Zhu
- Mechanical
Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Robert J. Kee
- Mechanical
Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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23
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Abstract
This review presents a selection of recent publications related to the chemistry and catalysis of C1 molecules, including methane, methanol, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. These molecules play an important role in the current supply of energy and chemicals and will likely become even more relevant because of the need to decarbonize fuels (shift from coal to natural gas) in line with CO2 capture and use to mitigate global warming, as well as a gradual shift on the supply side from crude oil to natural gas. This review includes both recent industrial developments, such as the huge increase in methanol-to-olefins-capacity build in China and the demonstration of oxidative coupling of methane, and scientific developments in these chemistries facilitated by improved capabilities in, for example, analytical tools and computational modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Mesters
- Royal Dutch Shell–Projects and Technology, Shell Technology Center Houston, Houston, Texas 77082
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24
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Tan P. Active phase, catalytic activity, and induction period of Fe/zeolite material in nonoxidative aromatization of methane. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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