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Lau M, Kraus V, Schulze AF, Rausch TK, Krüger M, Göpel W. Observational study on the neonatal outcome during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Acta Paediatr 2023; 112:1892-1897. [PMID: 37306278 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to determine stillbirth, preterm birth, perinatal complications, and the developmental outcome of children born preterm during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. METHODS National data from the perinatal survey of preterm and term infants born in 2017-2020 between 22 March and 31 December were evaluated. Neurodevelopment of preterm infants at 2 years corrected age was tested with the Parent Report of Children's Abilities-Revised questionnaire and by clinical testing with Bayley scales, either before or during the COVID-19 pandemic. Statistical significance was calculated using a Pearson's chi-square-independence test and a linear regression model. RESULTS In 2020, there was an increase of stillbirths of 0.02% (p = 0.01) and a decrease in preterm births by 0.38% (p < 0.001). No changes were found in a representative subgroup of infants with regard to neurodevelopmental scores (mental developmental index and psychomotor developmental index) or in parent survey data (non-verbal cognition scale and language development scale). CONCLUSION Increasing rates of stillbirths and decreasing preterm births in Germany were observed. Existing networks might stabilise neurodevelopment of preterm infants during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lau
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - V Kraus
- Chair of Social Paediatrics, School of Medicine of the Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pediatric Neurology, School of Medicine and Munich Municipal Hospital Group, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - T K Rausch
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Krüger
- Neonatology, Munich Municipal Hospital Group, Munich, Germany
| | - W Göpel
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Tenali N, Babu GRM. HQDCNet: Hybrid Quantum Dilated Convolution Neural Network for detecting covid-19 in the context of Big Data Analytics. MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2023:1-27. [PMID: 37362720 PMCID: PMC10176300 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-023-15515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Medical care services are changing to address problems with the development of big data frameworks as a result of the widespread use of big data analytics. Covid illness has recently been one of the leading causes of death in people. Since then, related input chest X-ray image for diagnosing COVID illness have been enhanced by diagnostic tools. Big data technological breakthroughs provide a fantastic option for reducing contagious Covid disease. To increase the model's confidence, it is necessary to integrate a large number of training sets, however handling the data may be difficult. With the development of big data technology, a unique method to identify and categorise covid illness is now found in this research. In order to manage incoming big data, a massive volume of chest x-ray images is gathered and analysed using a distributed computing server built on the Hadoop framework. In order to group identical groups in the input x-ray images, which in turn segments the dominating portions of an image, the fuzzy empowered weighted k-means algorithm is then employed. A hybrid quantum dilated convolution neural network is suggested to classify various kinds of covid instances, and a Black Widow-based Moth Flame is also shown to improve the performance of the classifier pattern. The performance analysis of COVID-19 detection makes use of the COVID-19 radiography dataset. The suggested HQDCNet approach has an accuracy of 99.01. The experimental results are evaluated in Python using performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, f-measure, and loss function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagamani Tenali
- Department of CSE, Y.S. Rajasekhar Reddy University College of Engineering & Technology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Nagarjuna Nagar India
| | - Gatram Rama Mohan Babu
- Computer Science and Engineering (AI&ML), RVR & JC College of Engineering, Guntur, Chowdavaram India
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3
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Tan A, Wilson AN, Bucknall T, Digby R, Vogel JP, Homer CS. Challenges of being a maternity service leader during the COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive analysis of the journey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:279. [PMID: 37095441 PMCID: PMC10123468 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05614-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Australia, maternity care services provide care for pregnant and postpartum women and their newborns. The COVID-19 pandemic forced these services to quickly adapt and develop policies and procedures for dealing with transmission in health care facilities, as well as work under public health measures to counter its spread within the community. Despite well-documented responses and adaptations by healthcare systems, no studies have examined the experiences of maternity service leaders through the pandemic. This study aimed to explore the experiences of maternity service leaders, to understand their perspectives on what happened in health services and what was required of a leader during the COVID-19 pandemic in one Australian state. METHODS A longitudinal qualitative study collected data from 11 maternity care leaders during the pandemic in the state of Victoria. Leaders participated in a series of interviews over the 16-month study period, with a total of 57 interviews conducted. An inductive approach to developing codes allowed for semantic coding of the data, then a thematic analysis was conducted to explore patterned meaning across the dataset. RESULTS One overarching theme, 'challenges of being a maternity service leader during the pandemic', encompassed participant's experiences. Four sub-themes described the experiences of these leaders: (1) needing to be a rapid decision-maker, (2) needing to adapt and alter services, (3) needing to filter and translate information, and (4) the need to support people. At the beginning of the pandemic, the challenges were most acute with slow guideline development, rapid communications from the government and an urgent need to keep patients and staff safe. Over time, with knowledge and experience, leaders were able to quickly adjust and respond to policy change. CONCLUSION Maternity service leaders played an important role in preparing and adapting services in accordance with government directives and guidelines while also developing strategies tailored to their own health service requirements. These experiences will be invaluable in designing high quality and responsive systems for maternity care in future crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Tan
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Alyce N Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tracey Bucknall
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research-Alfred Health Partnership, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robin Digby
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research-Alfred Health Partnership, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joshua P Vogel
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline Se Homer
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
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4
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Testoni I, Ronconi L, Iacona E, Trainini A, Tralli N, Nodari L, Limongelli G, Cena L. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal loss among Italian couples: A mixed-method study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:929350. [PMID: 36172232 PMCID: PMC9510916 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.929350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPerinatal bereavement is an event that greatly impacts the emotional, psychological, and psychosocial aspects of those who want to have a child.ObjectivesSince there are few studies on the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on couples grieving for perinatal loss, this research aimed to survey this experience.ParticipantsBetween 2020 and 2021, in Italian provinces highly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, 21 parents participated: 16 mothers (76%; mean age 36.2; SD: 3.1) and 5 fathers (24%; mean age 40.2; SD: 3.4), among which there were 4 couples.MethodsA mixed-method design was used through self-report questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Accompanied by a sociodemographic form, the following questionnaires were administered: Prolonged Grief-13, the Parental Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA) (to fathers), the Parental Assessment of Maternal Affectivity (PAMA) (to mothers), the Dyadic Adjustment Scale short version, the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised. The texts obtained through the in-depth interviews underwent thematic analysis.ResultsFifty per cent of participants suffered from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) symptoms and 20% suffered from relational dyadic stress. Four areas of thematic prevalence emerged: psychological complexity of bereavement, the impact of the COVID-19, disenfranchisement vs. support, and spirituality and contact with the lost child. Participants interpreted their distress as related to inadequate access to healthcare services, and perceiving the pandemic restrictions to be responsible for less support and lower quality of care. Furthermore, they needed psychological help, and most of them were unable to access this service. Spirituality/religiosity did not help, while contact with the fetus and burial did.ConclusionIt is important to implement psychological services in obstetrics departments to offer adequate support, even in pandemic situations.
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Martin‐Vicente M, Carrasco I, Muñoz‐Gomez M, Lobo AH, Mas V, Vigil‐Vázquez S, Vázquez M, Manzanares A, Cano O, Alonso R, Sepúlveda‐Crespo D, Tarancón‐Díez L, Muñoz‐Fernández M, Muñoz‐Chapuli M, Resino S, Navarro ML, Martinez I. Antibody levels to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in mothers and children from delivery to six months later. Birth 2022; 50:418-427. [PMID: 35802776 PMCID: PMC9349436 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pregnant women are vulnerable to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein protect from severe disease. This study analyzes the antibody titers to SARS-CoV-2 S protein in pregnant women and their newborns at delivery, and six months later. METHODS We conducted a prospective study on pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and newborns. Antibody (IgG, IgM, and IgA) titers were determined using immunoassays in serum and milk samples. An angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor-binding inhibition assay to the S protein was performed on the same serum and milk samples. RESULTS At birth, antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were detected in 81.9% of mothers' sera, 78.9% of cord blood samples, and 63.2% of milk samples. Symptomatic women had higher antibody titers (IgG, IgM, and IgA) than the asymptomatic ones (P < 0.05). At six months postpartum, IgG levels decreased drastically in children's serum (P < 0.001) but remained high in mothers' serum. Antibody titers correlated positively with its capacity to inhibit the ACE2-spike protein interaction at baseline in maternal sera (R2 = 0.203; P < 0.001), cord sera (R2 = 0.378; P < 0.001), and milk (R2 = 0.564; P < 0.001), and at six months in maternal sera (R2 = 0.600; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were found in most pregnant women. Due to the efficient transfer of IgG to cord blood and high IgA titers in breast milk, neonates may be passively immunized to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our findings could guide newborn management and maternal vaccination policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martin‐Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e InmunidadCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MajadahondaMadridSpain
| | - Itziar Carrasco
- Grupo de Investigación en Infectología PediátricaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
| | - María José Muñoz‐Gomez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e InmunidadCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MajadahondaMadridSpain
| | - Alicia Hernanz Lobo
- Grupo de Investigación en Infectología PediátricaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Servicio de PediatríaHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
| | - Vicente Mas
- Unidad de Biología ViralCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Sara Vigil‐Vázquez
- Sevicio de NeonatologíaHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
| | - Mónica Vázquez
- Unidad de Biología ViralCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Angela Manzanares
- Servicio de PediatríaHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
| | - Olga Cano
- Unidad de Biología ViralCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Roberto Alonso
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades InfecciosasHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
| | - Daniel Sepúlveda‐Crespo
- Unidad de Infección Viral e InmunidadCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MajadahondaMadridSpain
| | - Laura Tarancón‐Díez
- Laboratorio de InmunoBiología Molecular, Sección de InmunologíaHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
| | - María Ángeles Muñoz‐Fernández
- Laboratorio de InmunoBiología Molecular, Sección de InmunologíaHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,HIV‐HGM BioBankMadridSpain
| | - Mar Muñoz‐Chapuli
- Departamento de Obstetricia y GinecologíaHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e InmunidadCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MajadahondaMadridSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Maria Luisa Navarro
- Grupo de Investigación en Infectología PediátricaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Servicio de PediatríaHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Isidoro Martinez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e InmunidadCentro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MajadahondaMadridSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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Hao C, Jin F, Hao C, Zhang X, Xie L, Zhang Y, Liu X, Ni X, Li W. Evaluation of the Effects on Uninfected Pregnant Women and Their Pregnancy Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Beijing, China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842826. [PMID: 35646987 PMCID: PMC9131041 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People's lifestyles may have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have a profound impact on pregnant women and newborns. This study aims to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on uninfected pregnant women and their newborns, including potential environmental factors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the pregnancy complications of 802 cases in the pandemic group and 802 controls in the pre-pandemic group in a matched nested case-control study, and evaluated the association with sociodemographic features, lifestyles, and other factors in 311 pregnant women with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results Compared to the pre-pandemic group, the rates of anemia, vaginitis, shoulder dystocia, and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth were increased in the pandemic group. After controlling for the covariates, we observed a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the pandemic group. Pregnant women with adverse pregnancy outcomes had an increased rate of anemia and vaginal candidiasis. Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic has profound effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes, suggesting the importance of ensuring regular prenatal checkups and keeping a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyi Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing, China.,Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Shunyi Women's and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chanjuan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing, China.,Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofen Zhang
- Shunyi Women's and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Xie
- Shunyi Women's and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanshi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing, China.,Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Shunyi Women's and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing, China.,Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Pashaei Z, SeyedAlinaghi S, Qaderi K, Barzegary A, Karimi A, Mirghaderi SP, Mirzapour P, Tantuoyir MM, Dadras O, Ali Z, Voltarelli F, Mehraeen E. Prenatal and neonatal complications of
COVID
‐19: A systematic review. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e510. [PMID: 35224216 PMCID: PMC8844871 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) over the past year has affected public health worldwide. During pregnancy, the maternal immune system and inflammatory responses are widely suppressed. Pregnancy‐related immune system suppression could make the mother vulnerable to infectious diseases like SARS‐COV‐2. However, current data suggest little to no possibility of COVID‐19 transmission in pregnant women to the fetus during pregnancy or childbirth. This systematic review focused on the possible complications of COVID‐19 infection in the fetus and newborn babies including the possibility and evidence of vertical transmission by reviewing articles published during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods We conducted a systematic search using keywords on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. The studies followed a title/abstract and a full‐text screening process, and the eligible articles were included in the study. Results In total, 238 published papers were identified using a systematic search strategy (44 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review). In all studies, a total of 2375 women with signs and symptoms of COVID‐19, who were in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, were assessed mild to moderate pneumonia was one of the most common symptoms. Seventy‐three percent of the women did not present any comorbidity, 19% had a fever, 17% had to cough as the most frequent clinical signs and symptoms, 7.5% had pulmonary changes with chest scans, 8% had increased C reactive protein, and 9.4% had decreased lymphocytes (lymphocytopenia). A total of 2716 newborns and fetal were assessed; the delivery method of 1725 of them was reported, 913 (53%) through C‐section delivery, and 812 through normal vaginal delivery (47%). Of total newborns, 13 died (five died along with the mother), and 1965 were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2:118 tested positive. In a study, vertical transmission in seven cases was reported in total of 145 cases assessed. Conclusion It appeared that most pregnant COVID patients were mildly ill, and there is currently no convincing evidence to support the vertical transmission of COVID‐19 disease. Therefore, neonates do not represent any additional risk for adverse outcomes neither during the prenatal period nor after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Pashaei
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High‐Risk Behaviors Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High‐Risk Behaviors Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Kowsar Qaderi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | | | - Amirali Karimi
- School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Pegah Mirzapour
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High‐Risk Behaviors Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Marcarious M. Tantuoyir
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High‐Risk Behaviors Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Biomedical Engineering Unit University of Ghana Medical Center (UGMC) Accra Ghana
| | - Omid Dadras
- School of Public Health Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Zoha Ali
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High‐Risk Behaviors Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Fabricio Voltarelli
- Graduation Program of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Mato Grosso Cuiabá Brazil
| | - Esmaeil Mehraeen
- Department of Health Information Technology Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences Khalkhal Iran
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