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Nigg C, Alothman SA, Alghannam AF, Schipperijn J, AlAhmed R, Alsukait RF, Rakic S, Cetinkaya V, Al-Hazzaa HM, Alqahtani SA. A systematic review on the associations between the built environment and adult's physical activity in global tropical and subtropical climate regions. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:59. [PMID: 38773559 PMCID: PMC11107026 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01582-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a major public health concern, exacerbated in countries with a (sub)tropical climate. The built environment can facilitate physical activity; however, current evidence is mainly from North American and European countries with activity-friendly climate conditions. This study explored associations between built environment features and physical activity in global tropical or subtropical dry or desert climate regions. METHODS A systematic review of four major databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and SportDISCUS) was performed. To be included, studies had to investigate associations between perceived or objective built environment characteristics and adult's physical activity and had to be conducted in a location with (sub)tropical climate. Each investigated association was reported as one case and results were synthesized based upon perceived and objectively assessed environment characteristics as well as Western and non-Western countries. Study quality was evaluated using a tool designed for assessing studies on built environment and physical activity. RESULTS Eighty-four articles from 50 studies in 13 countries with a total of 2546 built environment-physical activity associations were included. Design (connectivity, walking/cycling infrastructure), desirability (aesthetics, safety), and destination accessibility were the built environment characteristics most frequently associated with physical activity across the domains active transport, recreational physical activity, total walking and cycling, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, particularly if multiple attributes were present at the same time. Very few studies assessed built environment attributes specifically relevant to physical activity in (sub)tropical climates. Most studies were conducted in Western countries, with results being largely comparable with non-Western countries. Findings were largely generalizable across gender and age groups. Results from natural experiments indicated that relocating to an activity-friendly neighborhood impacted sub-groups differently. CONCLUSIONS Built environment attributes, including destination accessibility, connectivity, walking and cycling infrastructure, safety, and aesthetics, are positively associated with physical activity in locations with (sub)tropical climate. However, few studies focus on built environment attributes specifically relevant in a hot climate, such as shade or indoor recreation options. Further, there is limited evidence from non-Western countries, where most of the urban population lives in (sub)tropical climates. Policy makers should focus on implementing activity-friendly environment attributes to create sustainable and climate-resilient cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Nigg
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
| | - Shaima A Alothman
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 47330, Riyadh, 11552, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alghannam
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 47330, Riyadh, 11552, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 39, Odense, 5230, Denmark
| | - Reem AlAhmed
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department (BESC), King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem F Alsukait
- Community Health Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 145111, Riyadh, 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Severin Rakic
- The World Bank, 1818 H Street N.W, Washington, DC, 20433, USA
| | | | - Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 47330, Riyadh, 11552, Saudi Arabia
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Jordan, King Abdullah II St, Amman, Jordan
| | - Saleh A Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, 11564, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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Asakitogum DA, Nutor JJ, Pozzar R, Hammer M, Alismail S, Kober KM, Miaskowski C. Multidimensional Model of Energy in Patients With Cancer. Semin Oncol Nurs 2024:151644. [PMID: 38692969 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2024.151644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence suggests that energy is a distinct symptom from fatigue in patients with cancer. The purpose of this paper is to present the Multidimensional Model of Energy in Patients with Cancer (MMEPC) that is based on emerging evidence and to make recommendations for clinical practice and future research. METHODS The literature was reviewed to determine various factors associated with variations in energy in patients with cancer. In addition, some of the emerging evidence in the model is supported by studies of energy in the general population and in patients with other chronic conditions. RESULTS Based on a review of the literature, specific concepts in the MMEPC include: person factors, clinical factors, cancer-related factors, biological factors, factors associated with energy balance, and co-occurring symptoms. The evidence to support the association between each of these factors and variations in energy levels in patients with cancer is described and synthesized. CONCLUSION This article provides emerging evidence on factors that influence variations in energy levels in patients with cancer. While the fundamental biobehavioral and biologic mechanisms that underlie variations in energy levels are not well understood, the model can be used to design pre-clinical and clinical studies of energy in patients with cancer. In addition, while emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that fatigue and energy are distinct symptoms, additional research on common and distinct risk factors and underlying mechanisms is warranted to be able to develop and test precision interventions for one or both symptoms. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE The risk factors (eg, being female, sleep quality) associated with variations in energy levels in patients with cancer identified in this paper have important clinical implications. Clinicians can use the identified risk factors to guide their assessments; identify high-risk patients with decrements in energy decrement; and develop targeted energy conservation interventions for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rachel Pozzar
- Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Marilyn Hammer
- Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Kord M Kober
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco; School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
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Rajagopalan S, Vergara-Martel A, Zhong J, Khraishah H, Kosiborod M, Neeland IJ, Dazard JE, Chen Z, Munzel T, Brook RD, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Hovmand P, Al-Kindi S. The Urban Environment and Cardiometabolic Health. Circulation 2024; 149:1298-1314. [PMID: 38620080 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.067461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Urban environments contribute substantially to the rising burden of cardiometabolic diseases worldwide. Cities are complex adaptive systems that continually exchange resources, shaping exposures relevant to human health such as air pollution, noise, and chemical exposures. In addition, urban infrastructure and provisioning systems influence multiple domains of health risk, including behaviors, psychological stress, pollution, and nutrition through various pathways (eg, physical inactivity, air pollution, noise, heat stress, food systems, the availability of green space, and contaminant exposures). Beyond cardiometabolic health, city design may also affect climate change through energy and material consumption that share many of the same drivers with cardiometabolic diseases. Integrated spatial planning focusing on developing sustainable compact cities could simultaneously create heart-healthy and environmentally healthy city designs. This article reviews current evidence on the associations between the urban exposome (totality of exposures a person experiences, including environmental, occupational, lifestyle, social, and psychological factors) and cardiometabolic diseases within a systems science framework, and examines urban planning principles (eg, connectivity, density, diversity of land use, destination accessibility, and distance to transit). We highlight critical knowledge gaps regarding built-environment feature thresholds for optimizing cardiometabolic health outcomes. Last, we discuss emerging models and metrics to align urban development with the dual goals of mitigating cardiometabolic diseases while reducing climate change through cross-sector collaboration, governance, and community engagement. This review demonstrates that cities represent crucial settings for implementing policies and interventions to simultaneously tackle the global epidemics of cardiovascular disease and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (S.R., A.V.-M., J.Z., I.J.N., J.-E.D., Z.C.)
| | - Armando Vergara-Martel
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (S.R., A.V.-M., J.Z., I.J.N., J.-E.D., Z.C.)
| | - Jeffrey Zhong
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (S.R., A.V.-M., J.Z., I.J.N., J.-E.D., Z.C.)
| | - Haitham Khraishah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.K.)
| | | | - Ian J Neeland
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (S.R., A.V.-M., J.Z., I.J.N., J.-E.D., Z.C.)
| | - Jean-Eudes Dazard
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (S.R., A.V.-M., J.Z., I.J.N., J.-E.D., Z.C.)
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (S.R., A.V.-M., J.Z., I.J.N., J.-E.D., Z.C.)
| | - Thomas Munzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (T.M.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Rhine Main (T.M.)
| | - Robert D Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (R.D.B.)
| | | | - Peter Hovmand
- Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (P.H.)
| | - Sadeer Al-Kindi
- DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist, TX (S.A.-K.)
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Muschalla B. Are retired persons fitter in their psychological capacities than unemployed? A cross-sectional representative study in Germany. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e065869. [PMID: 38238046 PMCID: PMC10806760 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Beyond specific aspects of numerical or verbal intelligence or cognitive speed, a broad range of psychological capacities are generally important in school, job and social life for all age groups. People have to quit the labour market up from a certain age about 65, whereas (younger) unemployed are motivated for return to work. The question is which psychological capacity profiles can be found in different employment groups (employed, mini-jobbers, voluntary service, retired, unemployed). DESIGN A representative cross-sectional survey was conducted in Germany, reaching 2528 persons. SETTING Republic of Germany. PARTICIPANTS Randomly selected inhabitants throughout Germany. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Participants reported their sociodemographic and work characteristics, as well as their psychological capacity profiles (Mini-ICF-APP-S) and work-related specific mental health problems (work-anxiety, embitterment). RESULTS The unemployed had-compared with all other groups-highest rates of work-anxiety and embitterment (16.3%). In contrast to the unemployed, the 'older' (70 aged) retired group, who were no longer working on the labour market, seldomly reported work-anxiety (2.6%) or embitterment (4.2%). The unemployed had the worst capacity profiles, most frequently no school degree (11.5%), most unemployment in their history (four times, as compared with once in the older retired). The psychological capacity profiles of the retired were similar to employed persons. CONCLUSIONS Keeping older persons with high psychological capacity levels in working life could be an alternative to forced reintegration of people with chronic participation problems into the competitive labour market. Unemployed persons with chronic health and participation problems might benefit from other social inclusion means.
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Liu N, Deng Q, Hu P, Chang J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Su Y, Liu J, Long Y. Associations between urban exposome and recurrence risk among survivors of acute myocardial infarction in Beijing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117267. [PMID: 37776939 PMCID: PMC7615203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Few previous studies have investigated the impacts of coexposure to multiple urban environmental factors on the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) events. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the urban exposome and AMI recurrence. We used data from 88,509 AMI patients from a large cohort obtained from the Beijing Cardiovascular Disease Surveillance System between 2013 and 2019. Twenty-six types of urban exposures were assessed within 300-m, 500-m, and 1000-m buffers of patients' home addresses in the baseline and cumulative average levels. We used the Cox proportional hazard model along with the Elastic Net (ENET) algorithm to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of recurrent AMI per interquartile range increase in each selected urban exposure. The increased risk of AMI recurrence was significantly associated with lower urban function diversity in the 500-m buffer, longer distance to subway stations and higher PM2.5 for both baseline and cumulative average exposure. The cumulative averages of two urban factors, including the distance to parks, and the density of fruit and vegetable shops in the 1000-m buffer, were also identified as significant factors affecting the risk of AMI recurrence. These findings can help improve the urban design for promoting human cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningrui Liu
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuju Deng
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases; National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Piaopiao Hu
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases; National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chang
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases; National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Su
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases; National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Long
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Hang Lung Center for Real Estate, Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Kim H, Baba H, Shimizu C, Hino K. The relationship of single-family detached house prices with neighborhood walkability and disaster risk. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292657. [PMID: 37819918 PMCID: PMC10566729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
People's preferences regarding their neighborhood environment can vary depending on their socioeconomic status and the cities where they live. This study aims to discern the relationship between neighborhood environment factors and single-family detached house sales by sale price and by central and noncentral cities. We analyzed sale prices in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area from 2015 to 2020. The neighborhood environment was assessed using flood/sediment risk and neighborhood walkability measured by net residential density, intersection density, and facility density (walking opportunity). Flood and sediment risk is a major concern that restricts the available land and is included as a negative aspect of the neighborhood environment, taking the topographic features into consideration. A comparison of the results showed that the preference for neighborhood walkability varies by socioeconomic status as well as by target cities. For most facility types, the number of walking opportunities within walking distance from houses was found to be positively related to the sale price of single-family detached houses in all quantiles. The relationship of house price with population and intersection density was found to vary depending on the price level, with a negative relationship with the sale price of relatively more expensive houses being exhibited. People who considered buying houses with relatively higher sale prices were found to devalue houses located in flood/sediment-hazardous areas more. However, it was also found that the negative relationship was slightly mitigated in the highest quantile of sale prices for houses in areas with a moderate flood risk (maximum flooding depth: 3-5 m). Plains near rivers with amenities offer high walkability but pose a flood risk, resulting in a trade-off between flood risk and neighborhood walkability. The findings suggest the use of indices representing diverse preferences in accordance with the target socioeconomic status when policymakers assess the neighborhood environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjik Kim
- Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Baba
- Center for the Promotion of Social Data Science Education and Research, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Shimizu
- Center for the Promotion of Social Data Science Education and Research, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Hino
- Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Kristensen FPB, Sanchez-Lastra MA, Dalene KE, Del Pozo Cruz B, Ried-Larsen M, Thomsen RW, Ding D, Ekelund U, Tarp J. Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Risk of Microvascular Complications in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A UK Biobank Study. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:1816-1824. [PMID: 37549380 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-0937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine dose-response associations, including the minimal effective level, between leisure-time physical activity and risk of incident neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This cohort study included 18,092 individuals with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank. Self-reported leisure-time physical activity was converted into MET-hours per week. Participants were categorized into no physical activity (0 MET-h/week), below recommendations (0-7.49 MET-h/week), at recommendations (7.5-14.9 MET-h/week), and above recommendations (≥15 MET-h/week). Microvascular complications were identified from hospital inpatient records using diagnosis codes. We used Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and restricted cubic splines to identify the minimal effective level of physical activity. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 672 individuals (3.7%) were diagnosed with neuropathy, 1,839 (10.2%) with nephropathy, and 2,099 (11.7%) with retinopathy. Any level of physical activity was associated with a lower risk of neuropathy and nephropathy but not retinopathy. Compared with those reporting no physical activity, the aHR of neuropathy was 0.71 (95% CI 0.53, 0.90) below recommendations, 0.73 (0.56, 0.96) at recommendations, and 0.67 (0.52, 0.87) above recommendations. Corresponding aHRs for nephropathy were 0.79 (0.68, 0.92), 0.80 (0.67, 0.95), and 0.80 (0.68, 0.95). The association with retinopathy was weaker, with aHRs of 0.91 (0.78, 1.06), 0.91 (0.77, 1.08), and 0.98 (0.84, 1.15), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Any level of leisure-time physical activity was associated with a lower risk of neuropathy and nephropathy but not retinopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes. For both neuropathy and nephropathy, the minimal effective physical activity level may correspond to <1.5 h of walking per week.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Special Didactics, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
- Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Knut Eirik Dalene
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Centre for Active and Healthy Ageing, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Faculty of Education, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mathias Ried-Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reimar Wernich Thomsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jakob Tarp
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Yap W, Biljecki F. A Global Feature-Rich Network Dataset of Cities and Dashboard for Comprehensive Urban Analyses. Sci Data 2023; 10:667. [PMID: 37777566 PMCID: PMC10542794 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Urban network analytics has become an essential tool for understanding and modeling the intricate complexity of cities. We introduce the Urbanity data repository to nurture this growing research field, offering a comprehensive, open spatial network resource spanning 50 major cities in 29 countries worldwide. Our workflow enhances OpenStreetMap networks with 40 + high-resolution indicators from open global sources such as street view imagery, building morphology, urban population, and points of interest, catering to a diverse range of applications across multiple fields. We extract streetscape semantic features from more than four million street view images using computer vision. The dataset's strength lies in its thorough processing and validation at every stage, ensuring data quality and consistency through automated and manual checks. Accompanying the dataset is an interactive, web-based dashboard we developed which facilitates data access to even non-technical stakeholders. Urbanity aids various GeoAI and city comparative analyses, underscoring the growing importance of urban network analytics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Yap
- Department of Architecture, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Filip Biljecki
- Department of Architecture, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Real Estate, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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D'Hooghe S, Inaç Y, Deforche B, Van Dyck D, de Ridder K, Vandevijvere S, Van de Weghe N, Dury S. The role of the perceived environment for recreational walking among adults in socioeconomically disadvantaged situations: A study using walk-along interviews. SSM Popul Health 2023; 23:101456. [PMID: 37501782 PMCID: PMC10368917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persons in socioeconomically disadvantaged situations (PSEDS) are generally less likely to engage in recreational walking (RW) compared to higher socioeconomic groups and are often more dependent on their local environment. Studies on RW have primarily focused on the role of the built environment for the general adult population and the older population in urban areas. The aim of this study is to qualitatively identify the perceived environmental factors affecting RW among PSEDS in peri-urban areas. Methods In two peri-urban municipalities in Belgium, walk-along interviews were conducted until data saturation with a purposeful convenience sampling of 38 PSEDS (25-65y/o) to identify local environmental factors affecting RW. A subsample of 22 participants joined a focus group (n = 4) to categorize the identified factors into environmental types (physical, sociocultural, political, and economic) of the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) framework. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically using Maxqda 2022.0. Results The information environment (dissemination, retrieving and understanding of information) was added to the ANGELO framework, highlighting the importance of digital literacy. Availability and accessibility of well-maintained walking surfaces, toilets, street lighting and seating options (physical environment), social support, dog-ownership, stigmatization, social isolation, and a sense of belonging (sociocultural environment) and indirect costs (economic environment) were identified as important environmental factors in RW among PSEDS. The identified political and economic factors are intertwined with the other environments. Conclusions Perceived environmental factors affect RW among PSEDS and peri-urban settings offer specific challenges. Local governments should incorporate citizen perception into decision-making processes to create supportive environments that have the potential to promote RW among PSEDS in a peri-urban setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzannah D'Hooghe
- Sciensano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Belgium
- Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Adult Educational Sciences, Belgium
- Society and Ageing Research Lab (SARLab), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yasemin Inaç
- Sciensano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Adult Educational Sciences, Belgium
- Ghent University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geography, Belgium
- Society and Ageing Research Lab (SARLab), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Belgium
| | - Karin de Ridder
- Sciensano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Belgium
| | | | - Nico Van de Weghe
- Ghent University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geography, Belgium
| | - Sarah Dury
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Adult Educational Sciences, Belgium
- Society and Ageing Research Lab (SARLab), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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Jafari A, Singh D, Giles-Corti B. Residential density and 20-minute neighbourhoods: A multi-neighbourhood destination location optimisation approach. Health Place 2023; 83:103070. [PMID: 37393629 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The concept of 20-min neighbourhoods, a planning intervention to promote local living and active travel, has recently become a key urban planning priority in Melbourne, Australia. The Victorian Government defines this concept as being able to reach daily local living destinations within a 20-min round-trip walk from home, which is approximately 800m of walking for each trip leg. Similar concepts, such as 10- or 15-min cities, have been explored in other cities worldwide. However, research to date has largely focused on measuring accessibility to destinations in developed areas, with few studies examining what is needed to build a city of 20-min neighbourhoods, i.e., investigating multiple neighbourhoods, shared destinations, and the role of residential density. In this study, we used optimisation models to examine the relationship between residential density and the targets of 20-min neighbourhoods in a hypothetical greenfield development scenario. We defined different targets for various destinations in terms of the percentage of the population aimed to have access to that destination within 800 m, ranging from 95% for the smallest destinations to 70% for the largest. Our results demonstrate that at least 25 dwellings per hectare (assuming 2.6 persons per dwelling) are needed to provide access to the destinations within 1.2 km and 35 dwellings per hectare to provide access within 1 km. Furthermore, we show that the cost of building destinations and the land required for them when delivering 20-min neighbourhoods at 30 dwellings per hectare is almost half of what is required when building at 15 dwellings per hectare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Jafari
- School of Global Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- School of Computing Technologies, RMIT Universities, Melbourne, Australia; Data61, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- School of Global Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
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11
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Salvo D, Kepper M, Hunter R, Jáuregui A. Built environment and obesity prevention research: moving from niche to norm. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2023; 11:631-633. [PMID: 37620061 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Salvo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Maura Kepper
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ruth Hunter
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alejandra Jáuregui
- Department of Physical Activity and Healthy Lifestyles, Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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12
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Zhao M, Qin W, Zhang S, Qi F, Li X, Lan X. Assessing the construction of a Healthy City in China: a conceptual framework and evaluation index system. Public Health 2023; 220:88-95. [PMID: 37285608 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES COVID-19 has brought challenges to the health of all mankind. It is particularly important to promote the construction of a 'Healthy China' and build a 'healthy community'. The aims of this study were to construct a reasonable conceptual framework for the Healthy City concept and to assess Healthy City construction in China. STUDY DESIGN This study combined qualitative and quantitative research. METHODS This study proposes the concept model of 'nature-human body-Healthy City' and accordingly constructs an evaluation index system for the construction of a Healthy City that integrates five dimensions, namely, the medical level, economic basis, cultural development, social services, and ecological environment to explore the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China. Finally, the influencing factors of Healthy City construction patterns are explored using GeoDetector. RESULTS (1) The pace of Healthy City construction is generally on the rise; (2) the construction of Healthy Cities exhibits significant global spatial autocorrelation and gradually increasing agglomeration. The spatial distribution of cold hotspot areas was relatively stable; (3) medical and health progress is an important factor; the level of economic development is the leading support; the endowment of resources and environment is the basic condition; public service support provides important support; and scientific and technological innovation capabilities provide technical support for the construction of a Healthy City. CONCLUSIONS The spatial heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China is evident, and the state of spatial distribution is relatively stable. The spatial pattern of Healthy City construction is shaped by a combination of factors. Our research will provide a scientific basis for promoting the construction of Healthy Cities and helping to implement the Health China Strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - W Qin
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China.
| | - S Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - F Qi
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - X Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - X Lan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
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13
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Yin C, Liu J, Sun B. Effects of built and natural environments on leisure physical activity in residential and workplace neighborhoods. Health Place 2023; 81:103018. [PMID: 36996594 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated relative contributions of the built and natural environments to and their nonlinear associations with leisure physical activity (PA) in different spatial contexts. Applying gradient boosting decision tree models to data comprising 1049 adults collected in Shanghai, we investigated the associations between built and natural environments and leisure PA in residential and workplace neighborhoods. Results show that the built environment is more important than the natural environment to leisure PA in both residences and workplaces. Environmental attributes have nonlinear and threshold effects. Within certain ranges, land use mix and population density have opposite associations with leisure PA in residences and workplaces, whereas the distance to the city center and the area of water are associated with leisure PA in residences and workplaces with the same direction. These findings help urban planners design context-specific environmental interventions for supporting leisure PA.
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14
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Salvo D, Resendiz E, Stefancic A, Cabassa LJ. Examining Place-Based Neighborhood Factors in a Multisite Peer-Led Healthy Lifestyle Effectiveness Trial for People with Serious Mental Illness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20095679. [PMID: 37174197 PMCID: PMC10178706 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
People with severe mental illness (SMI) experience significantly higher obesity-related comorbidities and premature mortality rates than healthy populations. The physical and social characteristics of neighborhoods where people with SMI reside can play an important role in promoting or hindering healthy eating and physical activity. However, this is seldom considered when designing and testing health behavior interventions for these populations. This study used baseline data from an obesity control trial for low-income, minority people with SMI to demonstrate the utility of assessing neighborhood- and city-level place-based factors within the context of lifestyle interventions. GIS was used to create a zip-code-level social and built environment geodatabase in New York City and Philadelphia, where the trial occurred. Chi-square and t-tests were used to assess differences in the spatial distribution of health-related built and social environment characteristics between and within cities and diet and physical activity outcomes. All types of neighborhood characteristics showed significant environmental differences between and within cities. Several neighborhood characteristics were associated with participants' baseline healthy eating and physical activity behaviors, emphasizing that place-based factors may moderate lifestyle interventions for SMI patients. Future behavioral interventions targeting place-dependent behaviors should be powered and designed to assess potential moderation by place-based factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Salvo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Eugen Resendiz
- Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ana Stefancic
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Leopoldo J Cabassa
- Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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15
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De Siqueira G, Mabry R, Al Siyabi H, Adeel A, Malaj S, Oyeyemi A. Construct validity of the physical activity neighborhood environment scale-Oman. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1007075. [PMID: 37006567 PMCID: PMC10064003 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1007075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AimsThis study aims to examine the construct validity of Physical Activity Neighborhoods Environment Scales, Oman (PANES-O), and compare the subjective perceptions with objective measures in Muscat, the capital area of Oman.MethodsWalkability index scores using GIS maps were calculated for 35 study areas in Muscat based on which five low and 5 high walkable study areas were randomly selected. A community survey was then conducted in November 2020 in each study area using the 16-item PANES-O instrument to measure the participants' perception of neighborhood density, land use mix, infrastructure, safety, aesthetics, and street connectivity. Due to pandemic restrictions, a social media-based purposive sampling strategy was utilized to reach community-based networks and complete digital data collection.ResultsSignificant differences between the low and high walkablehigh-walkable neighborhoods were observed for 2 of 3 macroenvironment subscales, density and land use. Respondents in high walkable neighborhoods perceived their areas as having more twin villas (P = 0.001) and apartment buildings (P < 0.001), greater access to destinations (like more shops, and places to go within walking distance; P < 0.001), easy access to public transport (P < 0.001), and more places to be active (P < 0.001); than their counterparts in low walkable neighborhoods. In terms of microenvironmental attributes, respondents in high walkablehigh-walkable neighborhoods perceived their areas to have better infrastructure, better aesthetic qualities, and better social environment than their counterparts in low walkablelow-walkable neighborhoods. Significant differences in perceptions across 12 of the 16-item PANES tool confirmed that 6 of the 7 subscales were significantly sensitive to built environment attributes between the low and high walkable study areas. Respondents in high walkable neighborhoods perceived their areas as having greater access to destinations (like more shops, places to go within walking distance; P ≤ 0.001), easy access to public transport (P ≤ 0.001), more places to be active (P ≤ 0.001), better infrastructure (like more sidewalks, facilities to bicycle; P ≤ 0.001), and better aesthetic qualities (P ≤ 0.001). PANES-O also was able to rate high walkable neighborhoods to be higher in residential density and land-use mix compared to the low walkable neighborhoods demonstrating its sensitivity to the GIS maps' objective measures.Conclusions and recommendationsThese results provide preliminary strong support for the construct validity of PANES-O, suggestingconfirming that it is a promising tool for assessing macroenvironmental perceptions related to physical activity in Oman. Further research using objective measures of microenvironments and device-based physical activity scores is needed to confirm the criterion validity of the 10 micro-environmental attributes of PANES-O using objective measures for the microenvironment. PANES-O could be used to generate and develop the needed evidence on the most appropriate approaches to improving the built environment to promote physical activity and urban planning in Omanthe country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De Siqueira
- Department of Urban Planning and Architectural Design, German University of Technology, Muscat, Oman
- *Correspondence: Gustavo De Siqueira
| | - Ruth Mabry
- Independent Public Health Researcher, Muscat, Oman
| | - Huda Al Siyabi
- Department of Community-Based Initiatives, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ahmad Adeel
- Department of Urban Planning and Architectural Design, German University of Technology, Muscat, Oman
| | - Sadmira Malaj
- Department of Urban Planning and Architectural Design, German University of Technology, Muscat, Oman
| | - Adewale Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Department of Physiotherapy, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
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16
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Cerin E, Barnett A, Wu YT, Martino E, Shaw JE, Knibbs LD, Poudel G, Jalaludin B, Anstey KJ. Do neighbourhood traffic-related air pollution and socio-economic status moderate the associations of the neighbourhood physical environment with cognitive function? Findings from the AusDiab study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160028. [PMID: 36368384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Characteristics of the neighbourhood environment, including the built and natural environment, area-level socio-economic status (SES) and air pollution, have been linked to cognitive health. However, most studies have focused on single neighbourhood characteristics and have not considered the extent to which the effects of environmental factors may interact. We examined the associations of measures of the neighbourhood built and natural environment, area-level SES and traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) with two cognitive function domains (memory and processing speed), and the extent to which area-level SES and TRAP moderated the associations. We used cross-sectional data from the AusDiab3 study, an Australian cohort study of adults (mean age: 61 years) in 2011-12 (N = 4141) for which geocoded residential addresses were available. Spatial data were used to create composite indices of built environment complexity (population density, intersection density, non-commercial land use mix, commercial land use) and natural environment (parkland and blue spaces). Area-level SES was obtained from national census indices and TRAP was based on estimates of annual average levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Confounder-adjusted generalised additive mixed models were used to estimate the independent associations of the environmental measures with cognitive function and the moderating effects of area-level SES and TRAP. The positive associations between built environment complexity and memory were stronger in those living in areas with higher SES and lower NO2 concentrations. A positive association between the natural environment and memory was found only in those living in areas with lower NO2 concentrations and average or below-average SES. Built environment complexity and the natural environment were positively related to processing speed. Complex urban environments and access to nature may benefit cognitive health in ageing populations. For higher-order cognitive abilities, such as memory, these positive effects may be stronger in areas with lower levels of TRAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, 215 Spring St., Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Rd., Sandy Bay, Hong Kong; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, 215 Spring St., Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yu-Tzu Wu
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Martino
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Shaw
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Public Health Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Govinda Poudel
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, 215 Spring St., Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, Australia; UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Sydney, Australia
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17
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Boakye K, Bovbjerg M, Schuna J, Branscum A, Varma RP, Ismail R, Barbarash O, Dominguez J, Altuntas Y, Anjana RM, Yusuf R, Kelishadi R, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Iqbal R, Serón P, Rosengren A, Poirier P, Lakshmi PVM, Khatib R, Zatonska K, Hu B, Yin L, Wang C, Yeates K, Chifamba J, Alhabib KF, Avezum Á, Dans A, Lear SA, Yusuf S, Hystad P. Urbanization and physical activity in the global Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:290. [PMID: 36609613 PMCID: PMC9822998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26406-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Urbanization may influence physical activity (PA) levels, although little evidence is available for low- and middle- income countries where urbanization is occurring fastest. We evaluated associations between urbanization and total PA, as well as work-, leisure-, home-, and transport-specific PA, for 138,206 adults living in 698 communities across 22 countries within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. The 1-week long-form International PA Questionnaire was administered at baseline (2003-2015). We used satellite-derived population density and impervious surface area estimates to quantify baseline urbanization levels for study communities, as well as change measures for 5- and 10-years prior to PA surveys. We used generalized linear mixed effects models to examine associations between urbanization measures and PA levels, controlling for individual, household and community factors. Higher community baseline levels of population density (- 12.4% per IQR, 95% CI - 16.0, - 8.7) and impervious surface area (- 29.2% per IQR, 95% CI - 37.5, - 19.7), as well as the rate of change in 5-year population density (- 17.2% per IQR, 95% CI - 25.7, - 7.7), were associated with lower total PA levels. Important differences in the associations between urbanization and PA were observed between PA domains, country-income levels, urban/rural status, and sex. These findings provide new information on the complex associations between urbanization and PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwadwo Boakye
- Department of Public Health and Health Services Administration, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - Marit Bovbjerg
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, 2520 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - John Schuna
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, 2520 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Adam Branscum
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, 2520 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Ravi Prasad Varma
- Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
- Health Action By People, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Rosnah Ismail
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Olga Barbarash
- Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Juan Dominguez
- Estudios Clínicos Latino América, 160, Rosario, Argentina
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Rosario, Oroño 450, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Yuksel Altuntas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Rita Yusuf
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Masira Research Institute, Medical School, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Sciences and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Pamela Serón
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Claro Solar 115, Temuco, Chile
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Paul Poirier
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec, Québec, Canada
| | - P V M Lakshmi
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rasha Khatib
- Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, IL, USA
- Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine
| | - Katarzyna Zatonska
- Department of Social Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bo Hu
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chuangshi Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Karen Yeates
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- Physiology Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Khalid F Alhabib
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Fahad Cardiac Center, College of Medicine, King Saud Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Álvaro Avezum
- International Research Center, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Dans
- Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Scott A Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, 2520 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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Patterns of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Thai 2021 National Health Survey. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:364-373. [PMID: 36918019 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior is essential, but evidence from low- and middle-income countries remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of physical activity and sedentary behavior in the Thai population; their sociodemographic correlates; and the contribution of specific domains to total physical activity. METHODS We analyzed data from the 2021 Health Behavior Survey, a nationally representative survey, conducted by the Thailand National Statistical Office during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. "Sufficiently active" was defined according to the World Health Organization guidelines. "Highly sedentary" was defined as sitting ≥7 hours per day. The contribution of work, transport, and recreational physical activity was determined as the proportion of total physical activity. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the correlates of being sufficiently active and being highly sedentary. RESULTS Of the total study population (N = 78,717), 71.9% were sufficiently active, whereas 75.8% were highly sedentary. Females, having a labor-intensive work, and living in Bangkok had a higher likelihood of being sufficiently active. Those with higher education and income levels, and living in Bangkok and the Central region had a greater likelihood of being highly sedentary. The work domain contributed the highest proportion toward physical activity (82.1%), followed by the recreation (10.0%) and transport domains (7.9%). CONCLUSIONS Policies should focus on promoting transport and recreational physical activity and activity that can break up sedentary behavior among adults because when countries become technologically advanced, physical activity at work declines.
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19
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Global Matrix 4.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Adolescents: Results and Analyses From 57 Countries. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:700-728. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Global Matrix 4.0 on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents was developed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the global variation in children’s and adolescents’ (5–17 y) PA, related measures, and key sources of influence. The objectives of this article were (1) to summarize the findings from the Global Matrix 4.0 Report Cards, (2) to compare indicators across countries, and (3) to explore trends related to the Human Development Index and geo-cultural regions. Methods: A total of 57 Report Card teams followed a harmonized process to grade the 10 common PA indicators. An online survey was conducted to collect Report Card Leaders’ top 3 priorities for each PA indicator and their opinions on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child and adolescent PA indicators in their country. Results: Overall Physical Activity was the indicator with the lowest global average grade (D), while School and Community and Environment were the indicators with the highest global average grade (C+). An overview of the global situation in terms of surveillance and prevalence is provided for all 10 common PA indicators, followed by priorities and examples to support the development of strategies and policies internationally. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 represents the largest compilation of children’s and adolescents’ PA indicators to date. While variation in data sources informing the grades across countries was observed, this initiative highlighted low PA levels in children and adolescents globally. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, local/international conflicts, climate change, and economic change threaten to worsen this situation.
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20
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Physical Activity Among Older Women Living in Rural Areas in Canada: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF POPULATION AGEING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12062-022-09380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough there is strong evidence linking physical activity in older age with wellbeing and health benefits, these relationships tend to be under-researched in a rural context. A scoping review was conducted to identify what is known about physical activity among older women living in rural Canada. The search strategy was intentionally broad, with eight databases, academic journals, and websites scanned for research and grey literature related to Canada, in English, from 2000 to 2022. 33 studies, reviews, and reports were included in the final selection. These articles indicate that physical activity among older women living in rural Canada is influenced by a multitude of layers, contexts, conditions, and environments, with outcomes dependent on a mixture of personal, relational, community, societal, and governmental factors. In general, the women are committed to creating and maintaining an active lifestyle, and supporting their local rural community to enable these activities. While the social environment can proscribe physical activity through ageist attitudes and restrictive socio-cultural norms, social support from family and community members mitigates against these constraints. Rural infrastructure, geography, climate (seasons and weather), as well as transportation and policy issues may also impede the physical activity opportunities of the women. Some of the problems related to sustaining and resourcing recreational activity in rural communities are partly addressed through the implications presented in the articles. Among others, these suggestions relate to leadership and learning opportunities, public engagement, and the partnership working involved in supporting physical activity in rural areas. However, further research is long overdue.
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21
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Chen YR, Hanazato M, Koga C, Ide K, Kondo K. The association between street connectivity and depression among older Japanese adults: the JAGES longitudinal study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13533. [PMID: 35941206 PMCID: PMC9360019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health is important in older age; neighborhood environment is considered a protective factor of depression. Research has established that a critical indicator of neighborhood environment, street connectivity, is related to older people's health. However, little is known about the relationship between street connectivity and depression. We examined the relationship between street connectivity and depression among older people. Using Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study 2013-2016, the target population comprised 24,141 independent older people without depression (Geriatric Depression Scale scores below 5) in 2013. The outcome variable was depression in 2016; the explanatory variable was street connectivity calculated by intersection density and space syntax within 800 m around the subject's neighborhood in 2013. We used logistic regression analysis to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for the new occurrence of depression among participants in 2016. This analysis demonstrated incidence of new depression after 3 years that is 17% and 14% lower among participations living in high-intersection density and high-street-connectivity areas, respectively, than those living in low-intersection density and low-street-connectivity areas. The association held after adjusting for physical activities and social interaction. Given the established connection between street connectivity and mental health, the findings can contribute to healthy urban planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ru Chen
- Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 260-8672, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Hanazato
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Chie Koga
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ide
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Community General Support, Hasegawa Hospital, Yachimata-shi, Chiba, 289-1103, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morikoka-cho, Obu-shi, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
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22
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Giles-Corti B, Moudon AV, Lowe M, Adlakha D, Cerin E, Boeing G, Higgs C, Arundel J, Liu S, Hinckson E, Salvo D, Adams MA, Badland H, Florindo AA, Gebel K, Hunter RF, Mitáš J, Oyeyemi AL, Puig-Ribera A, Queralt A, Santos MP, Schipperijn J, Stevenson M, Dyck DV, Vich G, Sallis JF. Creating healthy and sustainable cities: what gets measured, gets done. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e782-e785. [PMID: 35561709 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Billie Giles-Corti
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, VIC, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Anne Vernez Moudon
- Department of Urban Design and Planning, Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melanie Lowe
- Melbourne Centre for Cities, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Natural Learning Initiative, College of Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Geoff Boeing
- Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carl Higgs
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan Arundel
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Shiqin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marc A Adams
- College of Health Solutions, Senior Global Futures Scientist, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Futures Laboratory, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Hannah Badland
- Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex A Florindo
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Klaus Gebel
- Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruth F Hunter
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Anna Puig-Ribera
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Group, Centre for Health and Social Care Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Ana Queralt
- AFIPS research group, Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Paula Santos
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mark Stevenson
- Transport, Health and Urban Design Research Lab, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guillem Vich
- Barcelona's Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Geography, Rovira I Virgili University, Vila-seca, Spain
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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23
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Boeing G, Higgs C, Liu S, Giles-Corti B, Sallis JF, Cerin E, Lowe M, Adlakha D, Hinckson E, Moudon AV, Salvo D, Adams MA, Barrozo LV, Bozovic T, Delclòs-Alió X, Dygrýn J, Ferguson S, Gebel K, Ho TP, Lai PC, Martori JC, Nitvimol K, Queralt A, Roberts JD, Sambo GH, Schipperijn J, Vale D, Van de Weghe N, Vich G, Arundel J. Using open data and open-source software to develop spatial indicators of urban design and transport features for achieving healthy and sustainable cities. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e907-e918. [PMID: 35561725 PMCID: PMC9902524 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benchmarking and monitoring of urban design and transport features is crucial to achieving local and international health and sustainability goals. However, most urban indicator frameworks use coarse spatial scales that either only allow between-city comparisons, or require expensive, technical, local spatial analyses for within-city comparisons. This study developed a reusable, open-source urban indicator computational framework using open data to enable consistent local and global comparative analyses. We show this framework by calculating spatial indicators-for 25 diverse cities in 19 countries-of urban design and transport features that support health and sustainability. We link these indicators to cities' policy contexts, and identify populations living above and below critical thresholds for physical activity through walking. Efforts to broaden participation in crowdsourcing data and to calculate globally consistent indicators are essential for planning evidence-informed urban interventions, monitoring policy effects, and learning lessons from peer cities to achieve health, equity, and sustainability goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoff Boeing
- Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Carl Higgs
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shiqin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Melanie Lowe
- Melbourne Centre for Cities, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Natural Learning Initiative, College of Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anne Vernez Moudon
- Department of Urban Design and Planning, Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marc A Adams
- College of Health Solutions, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Futures Laboratory, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ligia V Barrozo
- Department of Geography, School of Philosophy, Literature, and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Advanced Studies, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara Bozovic
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sara Ferguson
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Klaus Gebel
- Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thanh Phuong Ho
- Transport, Health and Urban Design Research Lab, Melbourne School of Design, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Poh-Chin Lai
- Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Joan C Martori
- Department of Economics and Business, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Kornsupha Nitvimol
- Office of the Permanent Secretary for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ana Queralt
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jennifer D Roberts
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Garba H Sambo
- Department of Geography, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - David Vale
- Research Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Design, Lisbon School of Architecture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Guillem Vich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona's Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Geography, Rovira i Virgili University, Vila-seca, Spain
| | - Jonathan Arundel
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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24
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City planning policies to support health and sustainability: an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e882-e894. [PMID: 35561723 PMCID: PMC9906636 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
City planning policies influence urban lifestyles, health, and sustainability. We assessed policy frameworks for city planning for 25 cities across 19 lower-middle-income countries, upper-middle-income countries, and high-income countries to identify whether these policies supported the creation of healthy and sustainable cities. We systematically collected policy data for evidence-informed indicators related to integrated city planning, air pollution, destination accessibility, distribution of employment, demand management, design, density, distance to public transport, and transport infrastructure investment. Content analysis identified strengths, limitations, and gaps in policies, allowing us to draw comparisons between cities. We found that despite common policy rhetoric endorsing healthy and sustainable cities, there was a paucity of measurable policy targets in place to achieve these aspirations. Some policies were inconsistent with public health evidence, which sets up barriers to achieving healthy and sustainable urban environments. There is an urgent need to build capacity for health-enhancing city planning policy and governance, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.
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25
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Giles-Corti B, Moudon AV, Lowe M, Cerin E, Boeing G, Frumkin H, Salvo D, Foster S, Kleeman A, Bekessy S, de Sá TH, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Higgs C, Hinckson E, Adlakha D, Arundel J, Liu S, Oyeyemi AL, Nitvimol K, Sallis JF. What next? Expanding our view of city planning and global health, and implementing and monitoring evidence-informed policy. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e919-e926. [PMID: 35561726 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This Series on urban design, transport, and health aimed to facilitate development of a global system of health-related policy and spatial indicators to assess achievements and deficiencies in urban and transport policies and features. This final paper in the Series summarises key findings, considers what to do next, and outlines urgent key actions. Our study of 25 cities in 19 countries found that, despite many well intentioned policies, few cities had measurable standards and policy targets to achieve healthy and sustainable cities. Available standards and targets were often insufficient to promote health and wellbeing, and health-supportive urban design and transport features were often inadequate or inequitably distributed. City planning decisions affect human and planetary health and amplify city vulnerabilities, as the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted. Hence, we offer an expanded framework of pathways through which city planning affects health, incorporating 11 integrated urban system policies and 11 integrated urban and transport interventions addressing current and emerging issues. Our call to action recommends widespread uptake and further development of our methods and open-source tools to create upstream policy and spatial indicators to benchmark and track progress; unmask spatial inequities; inform interventions and investments; and accelerate transitions to net zero, healthy, and sustainable cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billie Giles-Corti
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Anne Vernez Moudon
- Department of Urban Design and Planning, Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melanie Lowe
- Melbourne Centre for Cities, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Geoff Boeing
- Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Howard Frumkin
- Center for Health and the Global Environment, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Foster
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Alexandra Kleeman
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Bekessy
- ICON Science, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thiago Hérick de Sá
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Air Pollution and Urban Environment Programme, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Epidemiology and Public Health Network, CIBERSP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carl Higgs
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Natural Learning Initiative, College of Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan Arundel
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shiqin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Kornsupha Nitvimol
- Office of the Permanent Secretary for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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