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Gündüz Z, Biçer O. Milk-y Way: the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms on milk production traits in Kilis dairy goats. Arch Anim Breed 2023; 66:369-378. [PMID: 38111384 PMCID: PMC10726025 DOI: 10.5194/aab-66-369-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on milk production traits in Kilis dairy goats by analyzing the genotypes of POU1F1, PRLR, β -Lg, GH1, and GH2 genes and their association with lactation milk yield (LMY), lactation length (LL) and average daily milk yield (ADMY). Blood samples were collected from 227 goats, and genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results revealed that the frequencies of the genotypes varied among the genes. The polymorphisms were found to be significantly linked with milk production traits. These findings suggest that SNPs of POU1F1/AluI, PRLR/RsaI and β -Lg/SacII are significantly associated with LMY and that the POU1F1-TC genotype, PRLR-TT genotype and β -Lg-AB genotype are associated with higher LMY and ADMY. Additionally, the POU1F1-TC genotype was found to have a longer LL. However, no significant association was found between the GH1 and GH2 genotypes and LMY, LL and ADMY. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the genetic factors influencing milk production traits in Kilis dairy goats, which can be utilized for the selection of high-yielding animals in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zühal Gündüz
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Türkiye
| | - Osman Biçer
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Türkiye
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Romo M, Castellari M, Bou R, Gou P, Felipe X. Separation of α-Lactalbumin-Enriched Fractions from Caprine and Ovine Native Whey Concentrate by Combining Membrane and High-Pressure Processing. Foods 2023; 12:2688. [PMID: 37509780 PMCID: PMC10378926 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Whey from goat and sheep have been gaining attention in the last few years for their nutritional properties. Unfortunately, β-Lg, not found in human milk, may trigger infant allergies if used in infant food formulations, so there is a growing interest in developing ingredients derived from whey with higher α-La/β-Lg ratios. The objective of this work was to study the effect of high-pressure processing (HPP) on caprine and ovine native whey concentrates (NWC) in order to obtain α-Lactalbumin (α-La)-enriched fractions. NWCs were treated at 600 MPa (23 °C) for 2, 4, and 15 min and two pH conditions were studied (physiological pH and pH 4.60). The concentration of β-Lg in supernatant fraction after HPP significantly decreased after 2 min of treatment, while the concentration of α-La was unchanged in both goat and sheep samples. Longer HPP processing times (up to 15 min) progressively increased α-La purification degree but also decreased the α-La yield. Caprine and ovine NWCs treated at physiological pH provided better α-La yield, α-La purification degree, and higher β-Lg precipitation degrees than the corresponding acidified samples, while the corresponding NWC supernatant (NWCsup) showed lower values for both surface hydrophobicity and total free thiol indices, suggesting a higher extent of protein aggregation. Effects of sample acidification and the HPP treatment were opposite to those previously reported on bovine NWC, so further characterization of caprine and ovine β-Lg should be carried out to understand their different behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Romo
- Food Processing and Engineering Programme, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), Granja Camps i Armet s/n, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain
| | - Massimo Castellari
- Food Safety and Functionality Programme, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), Granja Camps i Armet s/n, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain
| | - Ricard Bou
- Food Safety and Functionality Programme, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), Granja Camps i Armet s/n, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain
| | - Pere Gou
- Food Processing and Engineering Programme, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), Granja Camps i Armet s/n, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain
| | - Xavier Felipe
- Food Processing and Engineering Programme, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), Granja Camps i Armet s/n, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain
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de Sousa Rego R, Jangarelli M, Soares MAM, Puerro de Melo AL, Rodrigues MT, de Oliveira HR, Garcia IS. Polymorphism in β-lactoglobulin gene and its association with dairy goats’ production traits. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rahmatalla SA, Arends D, Ahmed AS, Reissmann M, Brockmann GA. Whey protein polymorphisms in Sudanese goat breeds. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:1211-1222. [PMID: 31782121 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess genetic variation that is characteristic for Sudanese goat breeds in the milk whey protein genes (LALBA and BLG). Four Sudanese goat breeds were screened for variability in LALBA and BLG genes at the DNA level by comparative sequencing of five animals per breed. Sixteen SNPs were identified in LALBA: seven in the upstream region, six synonymous, and three in the 3´-UTR. Three novel synonymous SNPs in exon 2 (ss5197800003, ss5197800012, and ss5197800004) were found in Nubian, Desert, and Nilotic, but not in Taggar goats. One SNP in the promoter of LALBA (rs642745519) modifies a predicted transcription factor binding site for Tcfe2a. The SNPs in the 3'-UTR (rs657915405, rs641559728, and rs664225585) affect predicted miRNA target sites. With respect to haplotypes in the exonic region, haplotype LALBA-A is most frequent in Nubian, Desert, and Nilotic goats, while haplotype LALBA-D is prevalent in Taggar goats. In BLG, 30 SNPs were detected: eight in the upstream gene region, two synonymous, 17 intronic, and three in the 3'-UTR. Among the 30 identified SNPs, 15 were novel. Four of these novel SNPs were located in the upstream gene region, one was synonymous, and ten were intronic. The novel synonymous SNP (ss5197800017), located in exon 2, was only found in Nubian and Nilotic goats. The SNPs ss5197800010 and rs635615192 in the promoter are located in predicted binding sites of transcription factors (M6097, Elk3, Elf5, and GABPA). Among seven haplotypes detected in the coding region, haplotype BLG-A is most frequent in Nubian and Nilotic goats while haplotype BLG-B is most frequent in Desert and Taggar goats. The high variability in regulatory gene regions among Sudanese goats could potentially affect the quality and yield of whey proteins in goat milk and provide a wide resource for genetic improvement of milk production and milk technology characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham A Rahmatalla
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Dairy Production, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, Shambat P.O. Box 32, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan.
| | - Danny Arends
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ammar Said Ahmed
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Reissmann
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gudrun A Brockmann
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115, Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract
β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) gene is suggested as a functional candidate gene for milk yield and milk composition. β-LG polymorphism has been reported to be associated with milk yield in cows, sheep and Indian goats. This study was performed to identify SNPs in exon 7 of β-LG gene and their association with milk traits in Iranian local Mahabadi goats using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and PCR-sequencing. Three SSCP patterns were observed with frequencies 0.678, 0.096 and 0.226, respectively. Subsequently, after sequencing each unique pattern nine novel mutations were identified. These mutations include: T InDel at nucleotide position 93 and substitutions T/C, T/G, T/C, G/T, T/G,T/C, G/A and A/T at nucleotide positions 99, 124, 126, 134, 147, 156, 176 and 177, respectively. Of these, seven mutations were same among the genotypic patterns while differences were related to T deletion and insertion (-/T) at nucleotide position 93 with frequencies 0.22 and 0.78 in the presence and absence of T allele, respectively; and substitution (A/T) at nucleotide position 177 with frequencies 0.16 and 0.84 for A and T alleles, respectively. Milk traits including milk production (gr), milk fat and protein (%) were also measured. These findings demonstrated that β-LG gene had a significant effect on milk protein percentage (P < 0.05), but had no significant effect on milk production and milk fat percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gharedaghi
- Department of Animal Science University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 3158711167, Iran.
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Variability of the caprine whey protein genes and their association with milk yield, composition and renneting properties in the Sarda breed: 2. The BLG gene. J DAIRY RES 2015; 82:442-8. [PMID: 26373476 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029915000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The variability of the promoter region and the 3'UTR (exon-7) of the BLG gene, encoding the β-lactoglobulin, was investigated by sequencing in 263 lactating Sarda goats in order to assess its association with milk traits. Milk traits included: milk yield, fat, total protein and lactose content, pH, daily fat and protein yield (DFPY), freezing point, milk energy, somatic cell count, total microbial mesophilic count, rennet coagulation time (RCT), curd firming rate (k20) and curd firmness (a30). A total of 7 polymorphic sites were detected and the sequence analysed was given accession number KM817769. Only three SNPs (c.-381C>T, c.-323C>T and c.*420C>A) had minor allele frequency higher than 0.05. The effects of farm, stage of lactation and the interaction farm × stage of lactation significantly influenced all the milk traits (P T and c.*420C>A (P T (P < 0.001). The c.-381TT homozygous goats showed lower pH, RCT and k20 than c.-381CT (P < 0.05). In conclusion the polymorphism of the goat BLG gene did not affect the total protein content of the Sarda goat milk, and only weakly influenced RCT and k20. On the other hand, an interesting effect on milk yields and DFPY emerged in two SNPs. This information might be useful in dairy goat breeding programs.
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Atanasova J, Moncheva P, Ivanova I. Proteolytic and antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria grown in goat milk. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:1073-1078. [PMID: 26019593 PMCID: PMC4433911 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.971487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined 62 strains and 21 trade starter cultures from the collection of LB Bulgaricum PLC for proteolytic and antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) grown in goat milk. The aim of this study was to investigate the fermentation of caseins, α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin by LAB, using the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) spectrophotometric assay and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The proteolysis targeted mainly caseins, especially β-casein. Whey proteins were proteolyzed, essentially β-lactoglobulin. The proteolytic activity of Lactococcus lactis l598, Streptococcus thermophilus t3D1, Dt1, Lactobacillus lactis 1043 and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus b38, b122 and b24 was notably high. The proteolysis process gave rise to medium-sized peptide populations. Most of the examined strains showed antimicrobial activity against some food pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella cholere enteridis, Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria innocua and Enterobacter aerogenes. The most active producers of antimicrobial-active peptides were strains of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus, which are of practical importance. The starter cultures containing the examined species showed high proteolytic and antimicrobial activity in skimmed goat milk. The greatest antimicrobial activity of the cultures was detected against E. aerogenes. The obtained results demonstrated the significant proteolytic potential of the examined strains in goat milk and their potential for application in the production of dairy products from goat's milk. The present results could be considered as the first data on the proteolytic capacity of strains and starter cultures in goat milk for the purposes of trade interest of LB Bulgaricum PLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Penka Moncheva
- Department of General and Applied Microbiology, Biological Faculty, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Iskra Ivanova
- Department of General and Applied Microbiology, Biological Faculty, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' , Sofia , Bulgaria
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Major proteins in goat milk: an updated overview on genetic variability. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:1035-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sardina MT, Rosa AJM, Davoli R, Braglia S, Portolano B. Polymorphisms of beta-lactoglobulin promoter region in three Sicilian goat breeds. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:3203-10. [PMID: 21701825 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) polymorphisms have been described within the proximal promoter region and coding region of the caprine gene, although no genetic variants affecting the protein amino acid composition and/or expression level have been characterized so far. Binding sites for several transcription factors (TFs) are present in the BLG promoter region. The aims of this work were to sequence the full-length promoter region of three Sicilian goat breeds in order to identify polymorphisms, analyze the identified haplotypes, search for differences between breeds for the presence of polymorphisms in this gene region, search for putative TFs binding sites, and check if polymorphisms lay within the identified TFs binding sites. The promoter region of BLG gene in Sicilian goat breeds showed high level of polymorphism due to the presence of 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Association between polymorphic sites was computed within the whole sample analyzed and 18 haplotypes were inferred. Binding sites for three milk protein binding factors (MPBFs) and four nuclear factor-I (NF-I) were found within BLG promoter region based on the ovine sequence. The identification of some SNPs within TFs binding sites allowed hypothesizing the loss of TFs. Further studies are in progress to evaluate the effect of these mutations on binding affinity of TFs, the functional interaction of the TFs with the goat BLG promoter, and the relationship of the polymorphisms with BLG gene expression and milk production and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Sardina
- Dipartimento DEMETRA-Sezione Produzioni Animali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Moatsou G, Vamvakaki AN, Mollé D, Anifantakis E, Léonil J. Protein composition and polymorphism in the milk of Skopelos goats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1051/lait:2006017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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CAPPUCCIO I, PARISET L, AJMONE-MARSAN P, DUNNER S, CORTES O, ERHARDT G, LÜHKEN G, GUTSCHER K, JOOST S, NIJMAN IJ, LENSTRA JA, ENGLAND PR, ZUNDEL S, OBEXER-RUFF G, BEJA-PEREIRA A, VALENTINI A, CONSORTIUM THEECONOGENE. Allele frequencies and diversity parameters of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms within and across goat breeds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kumar A, Rout PK, Roy R. Polymorphism of β-lacto globulin gene in Indian goats and its effect on milk yield. J Appl Genet 2006; 47:49-53. [PMID: 16424608 DOI: 10.1007/bf03194598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphism in the beta-LG gene in the Indian goat was investigated by the SDS-PAGE and PCR-RFLP method. SDS-PAGE was carried out in 1098 samples belonging to 8 different breeds of Indian goats. The electrophoretic pattern in the beta-LG locus showed the presence of AA and AB genotypes with frequencies of 0.81 and 0.19, 0.89 and 0.11, 0.50 and 0.50, 0.80 and 0.20, 0.84 and 0.16, 1.00 and 0.00, 0.98 and 0.02 and 0.950 and 0.050 in Jamunapari, Barbari, Marwari, Sirohi, Jakhrana, Beetal, Local UP and Local MP goats, respectively. A total of 358 individuals belonging to 13 different genetic groups were analyzed by the PCR-RFLP method. The amplified product was observed as 426 bp and the restriction digestion with SacII revealed three genotypes, namely S1S1, S1S2 and S2S2 at the beta-LG locus. The frequency of the S2S2 genotype ranged from 0.42 to 1.00 in the population. An analysis was carried out in Jamunapari and Barbari goats to observe the effect of the beta-LG genotype on 90-day milk yield. Least squares analysis of data showed that beta-LG AA animals had higher milk yield than the beta-LG AB genotype in both breeds (P < 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Division of Genetics and Breeding, CIRG, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura-281122, UP, India
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Moatsou G, Hatzinaki A, Samolada M, Anifantakis E. Major whey proteins in ovine and caprine acid wheys from indigenous greek breeds. Int Dairy J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2004.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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