Comparison of antibody responses and virus shedding following administration of trivalent oral poliomyelitis vaccines prepared either in monkey or human diploid cell substrates

Poliomyelitis immunity status at different intervals from vaccination

Research on neutralizing antibodies against the 3 serotypes of poliovirus was carried out on 441 blood specimens drawn from children and young people living in Parma, a town of about 200,000 inhabitants, where the vaccination services were well organized. From June 1983 to June 1984 blood samples were taken from different groups of subjects at different stages of vaccination (before vaccination, and after 1, 2, 3, and 4 doses of trivalent balanced OPV). In addition, groups of children and young people vaccinated from 2 to more than 14 years earlier were bled. Ten per cent of unvaccinated babies (aged 1-3 months) were lacking in neutralizing antibodies for types 1 and 3 and five per cent for type 2; among children aged 4-5 months vaccinated by one dose of OPV a residual 5% of subjects without antibodies for type 1 was also found. All subjects who received two, three, or four doses, had antibodies against all serotypes of poliovirus. As for the number of administered doses, significant differences among GMTs of antibodies were recorded only for type 1, when the group given 3 doses, was compared with the group which received two and one dose, respectively. At different intervals from completion of vaccination (2-14 years), all groups we examined still had antibodies against all three serotypes. For poliovirus type 1 antibody, GMTs were not significantly different in the examined groups. For types 2 and 3 significant decreases were observed in the groups vaccinated from 2 to 5 years. The high levels of immunity observed earlier in Parma were not found throughout the entire territory.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A single-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of the reactivity and antigenicity of trivalent oral poliomyelitis vaccine prepared in monkey kidney or human diploid cell substrates

Vaccination with a single dose of trivalent oral poliomyelitis vaccine elicited fourfold or greater antibody responses to one or more poliomyelitis virus types in 59% of volunteers (16/27) receiving vaccine prepared from virus grown in monkey kidney cells and in 69% of volunteers (16/23) receiving vaccine prepared from virus grown in MRC5 human diploid cells. Type for type the antibody titres and percentages of volunteers responding to the two vaccines were broadly equivalent. The clinical reactivities of both vaccines were similar to that of a placebo in terms of the overall incidence, duration and severity of reactions. The nature of the reactions observed did, however, vary, in that headaches were more frequently reported by recipients of vaccine prepared from virus grown in monkey kidney cells. This difference was not, however, statistically significant.