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Llopis JC, Diebold CL, Schneider F, Harimalala PC, Andriamihaja OR, Messerli P, Zaehringer JG. Mixed impacts of protected areas and a cash crop boom on human well‐being in North‐Eastern Madagascar. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge C. Llopis
- Centre for Development and Environment University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Geography University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- School of Natural Sciences Bangor University Bangor UK
| | - Clara L. Diebold
- Centre for Development and Environment University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Geography University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Flurina Schneider
- Centre for Development and Environment University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Institute for Social‐Ecological Research (ISOE) Frankfurt Germany
- Goethe University Frankfurt Faculty of Biosciences, Campus Riedberg Frankfurt Germany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F) Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Paul C. Harimalala
- Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques, Département des Eaux et Forêts Université d'Antananarivo Antananarivo Madagascar
| | - O. Ravaka Andriamihaja
- Centre for Development and Environment University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Geography University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Peter Messerli
- Centre for Development and Environment University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Geography University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Julie G. Zaehringer
- Centre for Development and Environment University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Geography University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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2
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Warner LA, Diaz JM, Osborne EW, Oi F, Reed CN. Evaluating connections between personal well-being and adoption of landscape best management practices: An audience segmentation study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:113959. [PMID: 34731704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Integrated pest management and outdoor water conservation comprise key practices encouraged by nonformal educators who work with the public to address significant issues related to water quality and availability. Disconnects among diverse audiences and educational programs pose challenges in achieving the goals of these types of programs. To discern a potential nonformal educational programming strategy, we conducted audience segmentation research incorporating residential environmental landscape best management practices and compared resulting subgroups' characteristics. We explored this paradigm through the context of Extension education and used a nationally-distributed electronic survey instrument to measure well-being and landscape management perceptions and practices in the United States. We collected 2601 complete survey responses and employed cluster analysis to divide the respondents into homogenous subgroups, followed by analysis of variance and chi-square analyses to identify differences among the subgroups. The group that indicated the highest level of engagement with water conservation and IPM practices also had significantly higher well-being, demonstrating the potential to align IPM education with more commonly promoted conservation practices. Membership in the highest IPM and water conservation group was related to several socio-demographic characteristics, including age, homeownership, and homeowners' association membership. This group was also most likely to engage with educational programs. Understanding these indicators of engagement in landscape best management practices and nonformal education, along with higher well-being, may be useful in determining target audiences and potential engagement with nonformal education programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Warner
- Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, University of Florida, PO Box 110540, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Center for Land Use Efficiency, University of Florida, 200 Mehrhof Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - John M Diaz
- Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, University of Florida, PO Box 110540, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida 1200 N Park Road, Plant City, FL, 33563, USA.
| | - Edward W Osborne
- Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, University of Florida, PO Box 110540, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Faith Oi
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, PO Box 110620, Building 970, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Caleb N Reed
- Food and Resource Economics Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110240, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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3
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Gollan N, Barclay K. 'It's not just about fish': Assessing the social impacts of marine protected areas on the wellbeing of coastal communities in New South Wales. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244605. [PMID: 33378377 PMCID: PMC7773243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Managing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is about managing human behaviours, but decision-making processes have traditionally focussed on ecological aspects, treating social aspects as secondary. It is now becoming more evident that an equal focus on the ecological and social aspects is required. Without the collection of information about social aspect such as impacts and sharing this as well as ecological information with communities, MPAs are at higher risk of opposition and social acceptability problems. This paper explores the development of a wellbeing framework to understand the social aspects, including the impacts of MPAs on the wellbeing of local communities. This research investigates two case study MPAs: Cape Byron and Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Parks in New South Wales, Australia. The MPAs are multiple-use and were implemented in 2006 and 2007, respectively. The research began with a review of the literature, followed by fieldwork, including semi-structured qualitative interviews with community members. Through thematic coding of the interview transcripts in light of the literature on assessing the social impacts of MPAs, a community wellbeing framework of domains and associated attributes was developed to investigate social impacts. Our analysis shows; first, local perspectives are crucial to understanding social impacts. Second, understanding social impacts gives insight into the nature of trade-offs that occur in decision-making regarding MPAs. Third, the intangible social impacts experienced by local communities are just as significant as the tangible ones for understanding how MPAs operate. Fourth, governance impacts have been the most influential factor affecting the social acceptability of the case study parks. We argue that failure to address negative social impacts can undermine the legitimacy of MPAs. We propose that the framework will support policymakers to work towards more effective, equitable and socially sustainable MPAs by employing much-needed monitoring of human dimensions of conservation interventions at the community level to shape adaptive management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gollan
- Faculty of Arts and Social Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (Fisheries), Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Nelson Bay, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate Barclay
- Faculty of Arts and Social Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
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4
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Rodríguez-Rodríguez D, López I. Socioeconomic effects of protected areas in Spain across spatial scales and protection levels. AMBIO 2020; 49:258-270. [PMID: 30859399 PMCID: PMC6888791 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-019-01160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Impacts of the legal designation of protected areas (PAs) may have contrasting implications for different stakeholders, and at different spatial scales. In this study, we analysed the organisational perception on the socioeconomic effects of PA designation from all sectors of activity in Spain, accounting for PAs' legal stringency. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 68 organisations at national, regional (Andalusia) and local scales (two municipalities in the Almeria province, Andalusia) through an online survey. Local stakeholders and the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors were most concerned about the social and economic impacts of PAs designation on their organisations. By contrast, organisations at the national or regional scales together with public institutions, the quaternary sector and other miscellaneous stakeholders perceived predominantly positive effects. Only national organisations perceived an increase in local social and economic effects from the designation of legally stringent PAs with regard to multiple-use PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Institute of Economy, Geography and Economy, Spanish National Research Council (IEGD-CSIC), C/Albasanz, 26-28, 28037 Madrid, Spain
- European Topic Centre – University of Malaga (ETC-UMA), C/Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa, 18. Ampliación Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Iván López
- Faculty of Social Science and Work, University of Zaragoza (UNIZAR), Calle Violante de Hungría, 23, 50009 Saragossa, Spain
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5
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Chaigneau T, Coulthard S, Brown K, Daw TM, Schulte‐Herbrüggen B. Incorporating basic needs to reconcile poverty and ecosystem services. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2019; 33:655-664. [PMID: 30125996 PMCID: PMC7379688 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Conservation managers frequently face the challenge of protecting and sustaining biodiversity without producing detrimental outcomes for (often poor) human populations that depend on ecosystem services for their well-being. However, mutually beneficial solutions are often elusive and can mask trade-offs and negative outcomes for people. To deal with such trade-offs, ecological and social thresholds need to be identified to determine the acceptable solution space for conservation. Although human well-being as a concept has recently gained prominence, conservationists still lack tools to evaluate how their actions affect it in a given context. We applied the theory of human needs to conservation by building on an extensive historical application of need approaches in international development. In an innovative participatory method that included focus groups and household surveys, we evaluated how human needs are met based on locally relevant thresholds. We then established connections between human needs and ecosystem services through key-informant focus groups. We applied our method in coastal East Africa to identify households that would not be able to meet their basic needs and to uncover the role of ecosystem services in meeting these. This enabled us to identify how benefits derived from the environment were contributing to meeting basic needs and to consider potential repercussions that could arise through changes to ecosystem service provision. We suggest our approach can help conservationists and planners balance poverty alleviation and biodiversity protection and ensure conservation measures do not, at the very least, cause serious harm to individuals. We further argue it can be used as a basis for monitoring the impacts of conservation on multidimensional poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Chaigneau
- Environment and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of ExeterPenryn CampusCornwallTR10 9FEU.K.
| | - Sarah Coulthard
- Northumbria UniversityLipman Building 207, City CampusNewcastleNE1 8S7U.K.
| | - Katrina Brown
- College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterAmory Building, Rennes DriveExeter EX4 4RJU.K.
| | - Tim M. Daw
- Stockholm Resilience CentreStockholm UniversityStockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
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6
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Griffiths VF, Bull JW, Baker J, Milner‐Gulland E. No net loss for people and biodiversity. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2019; 33:76-87. [PMID: 30070731 PMCID: PMC7379924 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Governments, businesses, and lenders worldwide are adopting an objective of no net loss (NNL) of biodiversity that is often partly achieved through biodiversity offsetting within a hierarchy of mitigation actions. Offsets aim to balance residual losses of biodiversity caused by development in one location with commensurate gains at another. Although ecological challenges to achieve NNL are debated, the associated gains and losses for local stakeholders have received less attention. International best practice calls for offsets to make people no worse off than before implementation of the project, but there is a lack of clarity concerning how to achieve this with regard to people's use and nonuse values for biodiversity, especially given the inevitable trade-offs when compensating biodiversity losses with gains elsewhere. This is particularly challenging for countries where poor people depend on natural resources. Badly planned offsets can exacerbate poverty, and development and offset impacts can vary across spatial-temporal scales and by location, gender, and livelihood. We conceptualize the no-worse-off principle in the context of NNL of biodiversity, by exploring for whom and how the principle can be achieved. Changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of biodiversity-related social impacts of a development and its associated offset can lead to social inequity and negatively impact people's well-being. The level of aggregation (regional, village, interest group, household, and individual) at which these social impacts are measured and balanced can again exacerbate inequity in a system. We propose that a determination that people are no worse off, and preferably better off, after a development and biodiversity offset project than they were before the project should be based on the perceptions of project-affected people (assessed at an appropriate level of aggregation); that their well-being associated with biodiversity losses and gains should be at least as good as it was before the project; and that this level of well-being should be maintained throughout the project life cycle. Employing this principle could help ensure people are no worse off as a result of interventions to achieve biodiversity NNL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria F. Griffiths
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordNew Radcliffe House, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock RoadOxfordOX2 6GGU.K.
| | - Joseph W. Bull
- Department of Food and Resource Economics & Center for Macroecology, Evolution and ClimateUniversity of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 23, 1958CopenhagenDenmark
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and ConservationUniversity of KentCanterburyKent, CT2 7NZU.K.
| | - Julia Baker
- Balfour Beatty5 Churchill Place, Canary WharfLondonE14 5HUU.K.
| | - E.J. Milner‐Gulland
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordNew Radcliffe House, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock RoadOxfordOX2 6GGU.K.
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7
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Bacher S, Blackburn TM, Essl F, Genovesi P, Heikkilä J, Jeschke JM, Jones G, Keller R, Kenis M, Kueffer C, Martinou AF, Nentwig W, Pergl J, Pyšek P, Rabitsch W, Richardson DM, Roy HE, Saul W, Scalera R, Vilà M, Wilson JRU, Kumschick S. Socio‐economic impact classification of alien taxa (
SEICAT
). Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Bacher
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Fribourg Fribourg Switzerland
- Centre for Invasion BiologyDepartment of Botany & ZoologyStellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
| | - Tim M. Blackburn
- Department of Genetics, Evolution & EnvironmentCentre for Biodiversity and Environment ResearchUCL London UK
- Institute of ZoologyZoological Society of LondonRegent's Park London UK
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment InstituteUniversity of Adelaide North Terrace SA Australia
| | - Franz Essl
- Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape EcologyFaculty Centre of BiodiversityUniversity of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Piero Genovesi
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Researchand Chair IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group Rome Italy
| | - Jaakko Heikkilä
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)Economics and Society Helsinki Finland
| | - Jonathan M. Jeschke
- Leibniz‐Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, PharmacyInstitute of BiologyFreie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB) Berlin Germany
| | - Glyn Jones
- The Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton UK
| | - Reuben Keller
- Institute of Environmental SustainabilityLoyola University Chicago Chicago IL USA
| | | | - Christoph Kueffer
- Centre for Invasion BiologyDepartment of Botany & ZoologyStellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Wolfgang Nentwig
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Jan Pergl
- Department of Invasion EcologyInstitute of BotanyThe Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Department of Invasion EcologyInstitute of BotanyThe Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
- Department of EcologyFaculty of ScienceCharles University Prague Czech Republic
| | | | - David M. Richardson
- Centre for Invasion BiologyDepartment of Botany & ZoologyStellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
| | - Helen E. Roy
- Centre for Ecology & HydrologyBenson Lane Wallingford UK
| | - Wolf‐Christian Saul
- Leibniz‐Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, PharmacyInstitute of BiologyFreie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB) Berlin Germany
| | | | | | - John R. U. Wilson
- Centre for Invasion BiologyDepartment of Botany & ZoologyStellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
- South African National Biodiversity Institute Cape Town office, Claremont South Africa
| | - Sabrina Kumschick
- Centre for Invasion BiologyDepartment of Botany & ZoologyStellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
- South African National Biodiversity Institute Cape Town office, Claremont South Africa
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