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Tang Y, Han G, Man L, Zeng J, Qu R. Fe contents and isotopes in suspended particulate matter of Lancang River in Southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162964. [PMID: 36958553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) isotope geochemistry in rivers is crucial for comprehending surficial weathering and geochemical cycle mechanisms. Lancang River is an important channel for material transport between the Tibet Plateau and the oceans of Southeast Asia. In this study, Fe contents and Fe isotope (δ56Fe) compositions in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) are investigated to discuss the rock weathering processes in the Lancang River Basin. The δ56Fe values of SPM range from 0.01 ‰ to 0.21 ‰, with an average of 0.12 ‰, close to the average δ56Fe value of continental crust (0.07 ‰). The results indicate that the fractionation of Fe isotopes is limited caused of weathering process in the Lancang River Basin. Due to the interception of dense dams in the middle and lower reaches (1000-2000 m), the dissolved oxygen (DO) values of river water and the Fe contents of SPM remain at a relatively highest level, whereas the δ56Fe values in SPM are more positive. The positive correlation between chemical index of alteration (CIA) values and the Fe contents suggest that Fe in the tributary SPM may represent the weathering degree of their source areas. The increase of DO in the mainstream water may promote the decomposition and dissolution of SPM, thus increasing the contents of Fe in the remaining SPM, and causing slight positive fractionation of Fe in SPM. This study presents a complete analysis of the Fe isotope's potential utility in identifying the source of SPM. In addition, the Fe isotope may represent some alterations encountered by SPM throughout the runoff process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tang
- Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Guilin Han
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Liu Man
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui Qu
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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2
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Construction of fluorescent copper nanoclusters for selective sensing Fe3+ in food samples based on absorption competition quenching mechanism. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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3
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4-Phenyl-2-(2′-pyridyl) quinoline acts as a highly sensitive fluorescent probe for Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and exhibits reversible photoelectric stimulation response. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Chernonozhkin SM, González de Vega C, Artemieva N, Soens B, Belza J, Bolea-Fernandez E, Van Ginneken M, Glass BP, Folco L, Genge MJ, Claeys P, Vanhaecke F, Goderis S. Isotopic evolution of planetary crusts by hypervelocity impacts evidenced by Fe in microtektites. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5646. [PMID: 34552090 PMCID: PMC8458397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractionation effects related to evaporation and condensation had a major impact on the current elemental and isotopic composition of the Solar System. Although isotopic fractionation of moderately volatile elements has been observed in tektites due to impact heating, the exact nature of the processes taking place during hypervelocity impacts remains poorly understood. By studying Fe in microtektites, here we show that impact events do not simply lead to melting, melt expulsion and evaporation, but involve a convoluted sequence of processes including condensation, variable degrees of mixing between isotopically distinct reservoirs and ablative evaporation during atmospheric re-entry. Hypervelocity impacts can as such not only generate isotopically heavy, but also isotopically light ejecta, with δ56/54Fe spanning over nearly 5‰ and likely even larger variations for more volatile elements. The mechanisms demonstrated here for terrestrial impact ejecta modify our understanding of the effects of impact processing on the isotopic evolution of planetary crusts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Chernonozhkin
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, BE9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - C González de Vega
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, BE9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - N Artemieva
- Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
- Institute for Dynamics of Geospheres RAS, 117334, Moscow, Russia
| | - B Soens
- Analytical, Environmental, and Geochemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, BE1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Belza
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, BE9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Bolea-Fernandez
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, BE9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Van Ginneken
- Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, School of Physical Sciences, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - B P Glass
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - L Folco
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione della Strumentazione dell'Università di Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - M J Genge
- IARC, Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ph Claeys
- Analytical, Environmental, and Geochemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, BE1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Vanhaecke
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, BE9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Goderis
- Analytical, Environmental, and Geochemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, BE1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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5
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Liu F, Zhang Z, Li X, An Y, Liu Y, Chen K, Bao Z, Li C. Single-Stage Extraction Technique for Ce Stable Isotopes and Measurement by MC-ICP-MS. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12524-12531. [PMID: 34455790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The separation of Ce from other rare earth elements has not been well established because of their similar geochemical properties. In this study, we report a single-stage extraction technique to purify Ce from natural samples with Eichrom DGA resin. This method separates Ce effectively from matrices and interfering elements, such as Ba, La, and Nd. The Ce elution curve would not drift with different Ce loading masses and rock types. The Ce isotope compositions were measured using a Thermo Scientific Neptune Plus multicollector (MC)-inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry (MS) instrument. The instrumental mass bias of Ce isotopes was corrected with a sample-standard bracketing combined with a Sm-doping method. The δ142Ce values of standard solutions (CDUT-Ce and JMC304) relative to National Institute of Standards and Technology SRM 3110 measured were +0.128 ± 0.028‰ (2SD, N = 30) and 0.005 ± 0.038‰ (2SD, N = 30), respectively. The reproducibility for δ142Ce was better than 0.040‰. The Ce isotopic compositions of nine United States Geological Survey standard rocks, including carbonatite, basalt, andesite, quartz latite, dolerite, rhyolite, and granodiorite, were measured in this study. Our result showed that δ142Ce values of these rocks varied slightly, indicating that insignificant fractionation occurred during igneous processes. The technique proposed in this study is simple and time-efficient, which is beneficial for further studies on Ce isotope geochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- International Center for Planetary Science, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- International Center for Planetary Science, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Xin Li
- International Center for Planetary Science, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yajun An
- International Center for Planetary Science, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.,MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China
| | - Kaiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zhian Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chunhui Li
- International Center for Planetary Science, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
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Rego ES, Busigny V, Lalonde SV, Philippot P, Bouyon A, Rossignol C, Babinski M, de Cássia Zapparoli A. Anoxygenic photosynthesis linked to Neoarchean iron formations in Carajás (Brazil). GEOBIOLOGY 2021; 19:326-341. [PMID: 33660904 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial activity is often invoked as a direct or indirect contributor to the precipitation of ancient chemical sedimentary rocks such as Precambrian iron formations (IFs). Determining a specific metabolic pathway from the geological record remains a challenge, however, due to a lack of constraints on the initial conditions and microbially induced redox reactions involved in the formation of iron oxides. Thus, there is ongoing debate concerning the role of photoferrotrophy, that is the process by which inorganic carbon is fixed into organic matter using light as an energy source and Fe(II) as an electron donor, in the deposition of IFs. Here, we examine ~2.74-Ga-old Neoarchean IFs and associated carbonates from the Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil, to reconstruct redox conditions and to infer the oxidizing mechanism that allowed one of the world's largest iron deposits to form. The absence of cerium (Ce) anomalies reveals that conditions were pervasively anoxic during IF deposition, while unprecedented europium (Eu) anomalies imply that Fe was supplied by intense hydrothermal activity. A positive and homogeneous Fe isotopic signal in space and time in these IFs indicates a low degree of partial oxidation of Fe(II), which, combined with the presence of 13 C-depleted organic matter, points to a photoautotrophic metabolic driver. Collectively, our results argue in favor of reducing conditions during IF deposition and suggest anoxygenic photosynthesis as the most plausible mechanism responsible for Fe oxidation in the Carajás Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Siciliano Rego
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université de Paris, CNRS, Paris cedex 05, France
- Géosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Busigny
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université de Paris, CNRS, Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Stefan V Lalonde
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, Plouzané, France
| | - Pascal Philippot
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université de Paris, CNRS, Paris cedex 05, France
- Géosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Departamento de Geofísica, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amaury Bouyon
- Géosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Rossignol
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université de Paris, CNRS, Paris cedex 05, France
- Departamento de Geofísica, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marly Babinski
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Decraene MN, Marin-Carbonne J, Bouvier AS, Villeneuve J, Bouden N, Luais B, Deloule E. High-spatial-resolution measurements of iron isotopes in pyrites by secondary ion mass spectrometry using the new Hyperion-II radio-frequency plasma source. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e8986. [PMID: 33095943 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Iron isotopic signatures in pyrites are considered as a good proxy for reconstructing paleoenvironmental and local redox conditions. However, the investigation of micro-pyrites less than 20 μm in size has been limited by the available analytical techniques. The development of a new brighter radio-frequency plasma ion source (Hyperion-II source) enhances the spatial resolution by increasing the beam density 10 times compared with the Duoplasmatron source. METHODS Here we present high-spatial-resolution measurements of iron isotopes in pyrites using a 3 nA-3 μm primary 16 O- beam on two Cameca IMS 1280-HR2 ion microprobe instruments equipped with Hyperion sources at CRPG-IPNT (France) and at SwissSIMS (Switzerland). We tested analytical effects, such as topography and crystal orientation, that could induce analytical biases perceptible through variations of the instrumental mass fractionation (IMF). RESULTS The δ56 Fe reproducibility for the Balmat pyrite standard is ±0.25‰ (2 standard deviations) and the typical individual internal error is ±0.10‰ (2 standard errors). The sensitivity on 56 Fe+ was 1.2 × 107 cps/nA/ppm or better. Tests on Balmat pyrites revealed that neither the crystal orientation nor channeling effects seem to significantly influence the IMF. Different pyrite standards (Balmat and SpainCR) were used to test the accuracy of the measurements. Indium mounts must be carefully prepared with a sample topography less than 2 μm, which was checked using an interferometric microscope. Such a topography is negligible for introducing change in the IMF. This new source increases the spatial resolution while maintaining the high precision of analyses and the overall stability of the measurements compared with the previous Duoplasmatron source. CONCLUSIONS A reliable method was developed for performing accurate and high-resolution measurements of micrometric pyrites. The investigation of sedimentary micro-pyrites will improve our understanding of the processes and environmental conditions during pyrite precipitation, including the contribution of primary (microbial activities or abiotic reactions) and secondary (diagenesis and/or hydrothermal fluid circulation) signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Noëlle Decraene
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRPG, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Bouvier
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Nordine Bouden
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRPG, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Béatrice Luais
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRPG, Nancy, F-54000, France
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8
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Aarons SM, Reimink JR, Greber ND, Heard AW, Zhang Z, Dauphas N. Titanium isotopes constrain a magmatic transition at the Hadean-Archean boundary in the Acasta Gneiss Complex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/50/eabc9959. [PMID: 33298445 PMCID: PMC7725461 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc9959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plate subduction greatly influences the physical and chemical characteristics of Earth's surface and deep interior, yet the timing of its initiation is debated because of the paucity of exposed rocks from Earth's early history. We show that the titanium isotopic composition of orthogneisses from the Acasta Gneiss Complex spanning the Hadean to Eoarchean transition falls on two distinct magmatic differentiation trends. Hadean tonalitic gneisses show titanium isotopic compositions comparable to modern evolved tholeiitic magmas, formed by differentiation of dry parental magmas in plume settings. Younger Eoarchean granitoid gneisses have titanium isotopic compositions comparable to modern calc-alkaline magmas produced in convergent arcs. Our data therefore document a shift from tholeiitic- to calc-alkaline-style magmatism between 4.02 and 3.75 billion years (Ga) in the Slave craton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Aarons
- Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jesse R Reimink
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Nicolas D Greber
- Institute for Geological Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andy W Heard
- Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nicolas Dauphas
- Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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9
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Xue X, Gao M, Rao H, Luo M, Wang H, An P, Feng T, Lu X, Xue Z, Liu X. Photothermal and colorimetric dual mode detection of nanomolar ferric ions in environmental sample based on in situ generation of prussian blue nanoparticles. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1105:197-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Schiller M, Bizzarro M, Siebert J. Iron isotope evidence for very rapid accretion and differentiation of the proto-Earth. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay7604. [PMID: 32095530 PMCID: PMC7015677 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay7604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nucleosynthetic isotope variability among solar system objects provides insights into the accretion history of terrestrial planets. We report on the nucleosynthetic Fe isotope composition (μ54Fe) of various meteorites and show that the only material matching the terrestrial composition is CI (Ivuna-type) carbonaceous chondrites, which represent the bulk solar system composition. All other meteorites, including carbonaceous, ordinary, and enstatite chondrites, record excesses in μ54Fe. This observation is inconsistent with protracted growth of Earth by stochastic collisional accretion, which predicts a μ54Fe value reflecting a mixture of the various meteorite parent bodies. Instead, our results suggest a rapid accretion and differentiation of Earth during the ~5-million year disk lifetime, when the volatile-rich CI-like material is accreted to the proto-Sun via the inner disk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schiller
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5–7, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Bizzarro
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5–7, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Julien Siebert
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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11
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Shollenberger QR, Wittke A, Render J, Mane P, Schuth S, Weyer S, Gussone N, Wadhwa M, Brennecka GA. Combined mass-dependent and nucleosynthetic isotope variations in refractory inclusions and their mineral separates to determine their original Fe isotope compositions. GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA 2019; 263:215-234. [PMID: 33353988 PMCID: PMC7751496 DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) are the oldest dated materials that provide crucial information about the isotopic reservoirs present in the early Solar System. For a variety of elements, CAIs have isotope compositions that are uniform yet distinct from later formed solid material. However, despite being the most abundant metal in the Solar System, the isotopic composition of Fe in CAIs is not well constrained. In an attempt to determine the Fe isotopic compositions of CAIs, we combine extensive work from a previously studied CAI sample set with new isotopic work characterizing mass-dependent and mass-independent (nucleosynthetic) signatures in Mg, Ca, and Fe. This investigation includes work on three mineral separates of the Allende CAI Egg 2. For all isotope systems investigated, we find that in general, fine-grained CAIs exhibit light mass-dependent isotopic signatures relative to terrestrial standards, whereas igneous CAIs have heavier isotopic compositions relative to the fine-grained CAIs. Importantly, the mass-dependent Fe isotope signatures of bulk CAIs show a range of both light (fine-grained CAIs) and heavy (igneous CAIs) isotopic signatures relative to bulk chondrites, suggesting that Fe isotope signatures in CAIs largely derive from mass fractionation events such as condensation and evaporation occurring in the nebula. Such signatures show that a significant portion of the secondary alteration experienced by CAIs, particularly prevalent in fine-grained inclusions, occurred in the nebula prior to accretion into their respective parent bodies. Regarding nucleosynthetic Fe isotope signatures, we do not observe any variation outside of analytical uncertainty in bulk CAIs compared to terrestrial standards. In contrast, all three Egg 2 mineral separates display resolved mass-independent excesses in 56Fe compared to terrestrial standards. Furthermore, we find that the combined mass-dependent and nucleosynthetic Fe isotopic compositions of the Egg 2 mineral separates are well correlated, likely indicating that Fe indigenous to the CAI is mixed with less anomalous Fe, presumably from the solar nebula. Thus, these reported nucleosynthetic anomalies may point in the direction of the original Fe isotope composition of the CAI-forming region, but they likely only provide a minimum isotopic difference between the original mass-independent Fe isotopic composition of CAIs and that of later formed solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn R. Shollenberger
- Institut für Planetologie, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Wittke
- Institut für Mineralogie, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Render
- Institut für Planetologie, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Prajkta Mane
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, PO Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404 USA
| | - Stephan Schuth
- Institut für Mineralogie, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 3, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Weyer
- Institut für Mineralogie, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 3, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Gussone
- Institut für Mineralogie, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Meenakshi Wadhwa
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, PO Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404 USA
| | - Gregory A. Brennecka
- Institut für Planetologie, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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12
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Yang SC, Welter L, Kolatkar A, Nieva J, Waitman KR, Huang KF, Liao WH, Takano S, Berelson WM, West AJ, Kuhn P, John SG. A new anion exchange purification method for Cu stable isotopes in blood samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 411:765-776. [PMID: 30467768 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The isotopic composition of iron, zinc, copper, and cadmium (δ56Fe, δ66Zn, δ65Cu, and δ114Cd) are novel and promising tools to study the metabolism and homeostasis of trace metals in the human body. Serum δ65Cu has been proposed as a potential tool for diagnosis of cancer in liquid biopsy, and other metals may have similar utility. However, accurate analysis of trace metal isotopes is challenging because of the difficulties in purifying the metals from biological samples. Here we developed a simple and rapid method for sequential purification of Cu, Fe, Zn, and Cd from a single blood plasma sample. By using a combination of 11 M acetic acid and 4 M HCl in the first steps of column chemistry on AG-MP1 resin, we dramatically improve the separation of Cu from matrix elements compared to previous methods which use concentrated HCl alone. Our new method achieves full recovery of Cu, Fe, Zn, and Cd to prevent column-induced isotope fractionation effects, and effectively separates analytes from the matrix in order to reduce polyatomic interferences during isotope analysis. Our methods were verified by the analysis of isotope standards, a whole blood reference material, and a preliminary sample set including five plasma samples from healthy individuals and five plasma samples from cancer patients. This new method simplifies preparation of blood samples for metal isotope analysis, accelerating multi-isotope approaches to medical studies and contributing to our understanding of the cycling of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Cd in the human body. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Chung Yang
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Lisa Welter
- Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Anand Kolatkar
- Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jorge Nieva
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | | | - Kuo-Fang Huang
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Rd, Nangang District, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsuan Liao
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Rd, Nangang District, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shotaro Takano
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-011, Japan
| | - William M Berelson
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Joshua West
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Kuhn
- Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Seth G John
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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WEI R, GUO Q, WEN H, PETERS M, YANG J, TIAN L, HAN X. Chromatographic Separation of Cd from Plants via Anion-Exchange Resin for an Isotope Determination by Multiple Collector ICP-MS. ANAL SCI 2017; 33:335-341. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongfei WEI
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qingjun GUO
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hanjie WEN
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Marc PETERS
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Junxing YANG
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Liyan TIAN
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xiaokun HAN
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Saji NS, Wielandt D, Paton C, Bizzarro M. Ultra-high-precision Nd-isotope measurements of geological materials by MC-ICPMS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY 2016; 31:1490-1504. [PMID: 27429505 PMCID: PMC4946631 DOI: 10.1039/c6ja00064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report novel techniques allowing the measurement of Nd-isotope ratios with unprecedented accuracy and precision by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Using the new protocol, we have measured the Nd-isotopic composition of rock and synthetic Nd standards as well as that of the Allende carbonaceous chondrite. Analyses of BCR-2, BHVO-2 and GSP-2 rock standards yield mass-independent compositions identical to the JNdi-1 Nd-reference standard, with an external reproducibility of 2.4, 1.6, 1.6 and 3.5 ppm respectively, on μ142Nd, μ145Nd, μ146Nd and μ150Nd (μ representing the ppm-deviation of the ratios from JNdi-1) using 148Nd/144Nd for internal normalization. This represents an improvement in precision by a factor of 2, 7 and 9 respectively for μ142Nd, μ145Nd and μ150Nd. Near-quantitative recovery from purification chemistry and sample-standard bracketing allow for the determination of mass-dependent Nd-isotopic composition of samples. Synthetic standards, namely La Jolla and AMES, record mass-dependent variability of up to 1.2 ε per atomic mass unit and mass-independent compositions resolvable by up to 3 ppm for μ142Nd and 8 ppm for μ150Nd, relative to JNdi-1. The mass-independent compositions are consistent with equilibrium mass fractionation during purification. The terrestrial rock standards define a uniform stable ε145Nd of -0.24 ± 0.19 (2SD) relative to JNdi-1, indistinguishable from the mean Allende ε145Nd of -0.19 ± 0.09. We consider this value to represent the mass-dependent Nd-isotope composition of Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE). The modest mass-dependent fractionation of JNdi-1 relative to BSE results in potential effects on mass-independent composition that cannot be resolved within the reproducibility of our analyses when correcting for natural and instrumental mass fractionation by kinetic law, making it a suitable reference standard for analysis of unknowns. Analysis of Allende (CV3) carbonaceous chondrite returns an average μ142Nd deficit of -30.1 ± 3.7 ppm in agreement with previous studies. The apparent deficit is, however, lowered to -23.8 ± 4.0 ppm while normalizing to 148Nd/144Nd instead of 146Nd/144Nd. We interpret this as the effect of a possible nucleosynthetic anomaly of -6.3 ± 0.5 ppm in μ146Nd. As 142Nd and 146Nd are both s-process-dominated nuclides, this hints at the possibility that terrestrial μ142Nd excess may not reflect 146Sm decay as widely accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikitha Susan Saji
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Wielandt
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chad Paton
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Bizzarro
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hattendorf B, Gusmini B, Dorta L, Houk RS, Günther D. Abundance and Impact of Doubly Charged Polyatomic Argon Interferences in ICPMS Spectra. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7281-8. [PMID: 27306032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Doubly charged molecular ions of alkaline earth metals and argon could be identified as spectral interferences in an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. These molecular ions were found to occur at abundances reaching about 10(-4) relative to the alkaline earth atomic ion abundances. They can thus substantially affect ultratrace analyses and, when present at similar concentration as the analyte elements, also isotope ratio measurements. For the case of Cu and Zn isotope ratio analyses, the same mass concentration of Sr was found to alter the measured (63)Cu/(65)Cu and (64)Zn/(66)Zn isotope ratios by -0.036‰ to -0.95‰ due to SrAr(2+), appearing at m/Q 63 and 64. BaAr(2+) can affect Sr isotope analyses, MgAr(2+) may impair S isotope ratio measurements, while CaAr(2+) may cause interference to Ca(+) isotopes. The abundances of the doubly charged molecular ions were higher than those of the corresponding singly charged species, which is in accordance with their generally higher bond dissociation energies. The relative abundances were found to depend significantly on the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) operating conditions and generally increase with increasing carrier gas flow rates or lower gas temperature of the ICP. They also increase by about an order of magnitude when a desolvated aerosol is introduced to the ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo Hattendorf
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bianca Gusmini
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ladina Dorta
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert S Houk
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Detlef Günther
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Sankari M. Broadband non-selective excitation of plutonium isotopes for isotope ratio measurements in resonance ionization mass spectrometry: a theoretical study. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:2231-2240. [PMID: 22956314 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Making isotope ratio measurements with minimum isotope bias has always been a challenging task to mass spectrometrists, especially for the specific case of plutonium, owing to the strategic importance of the element. In order to use resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) as a tool for isotope ratio measurements, optimization of the various laser parameters and other atomic and system parameters is critical to minimize isotopic biases. METHODS Broadband simultaneous non-selective excitation of the isotopes of plutonium in the triple resonance excitation scheme with λ(1) = 420.77 nm, λ(2) = 847.28 nm, and λ(3) = 767.53 nm based on density matrix formalism has been theoretically computed for the determination of isotope ratios. The effects of the various laser parameters and other factors such as the atomization temperature and the dimensions of the atomic beam on the estimation of isotope ratios were studied. The effects of Doppler broadening, and time-dependent excitation parameters such as Rabi frequencies, ionization rate and the effect of non-Lorenztian lineshape have all been incorporated. RESULTS The average laser powers and bandwidths for the three-excitation steps were evaluated for non-selective excitation. The laser intensity required to saturate the three-excitation steps were studied. The two-dimensional lineshape contour and its features were investigated, while the reversal of peak asymmetry of two-step and two-photon excitation peaks under these conditions is discussed. Optimized powers for the non-selective ionization of the three transitions were calculated as 545 mW, 150 mW and 545 mW and the laser bandwidth for all the three steps was ~20 GHz. CONCLUSIONS The isotopic bias between the resonant and off-resonant isotope under the optimized conditions was no more than 9%, which is better than an earlier reported value. These optimized laser power and bandwidth conditions are better than in the earlier experimental work since these comprehensive calculations yield simultaneous and much more accurate isotope ratios than those in the sequential and less accurate determination reported earlier. Application of these theoretical calculations to minimize the isotopic biases under these conditions for the rapid, efficient and accurate isotope ratio measurements using RIMS has been outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sankari
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad 500 062, India.
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Yamakawa A, Yamashita K, Makishima A, Nakamura E. Chemical separation and mass spectrometry of Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn, and Cu in terrestrial and extraterrestrial materials using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 81:9787-94. [PMID: 19886654 DOI: 10.1021/ac901762a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A sequential chemical separation technique for Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn, and Cu in terrestrial and extraterrestrial silicate rocks was developed for precise and accurate determination of elemental concentration by the isotope dilution method (ID). The technique uses a combination of cation-anion exchange chromatography and Eichrom nickel specific resin. The method was tested using a variety of matrixes including bulk meteorite (Allende), terrestrial peridotite (JP-1), and basalt (JB-1b). Concentrations of each element was determined by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) using W filaments and a Si-B-Al type activator for Cr, Fe, Ni, and Zn and a Re filament and silicic acid-H3PO4 activator for Cu. The method can be used to precisely determine the concentrations of these elements in very small silicate samples, including meteorites, geochemical reference samples, and mineral standards for microprobe analysis. Furthermore, the Cr mass spectrometry procedure developed in this study can be extended to determine the isotopic ratios of 53Cr/52Cr and 54Cr/52Cr with precision of approximately 0.05epsilon and approximately 0.10epsilon (1epsilon = 0.01%), respectively, enabling cosmochemical applications such as high precision Mn-Cr chronology and investigation of nucleosynthetic isotopic anomalies in meteorites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Yamakawa
- The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosomochemistry, Institute for Study of the Earth's Interior, Okayama University, 827 Yamada, Misasa, Tottori-ken 682-0193, Japan
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Benkhedda K, Chen H, Dabeka R, Cockell K. Isotope ratio measurements of iron in blood samples by multi-collector ICP-MS to support nutritional investigations in humans. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 122:179-92. [PMID: 18188515 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-007-8070-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With the perspective of embarking on a human study using a double iron (Fe) stable isotope tracer protocol to assess iron bioavailability, investigations were conducted on Fe isotope ratios in blood samples using a VG Axiom Multi-collector ICP-MS. The factors affecting the precision and accuracy of Fe isotopic ratios, such as spectral- and matrix-induced interferences and Fe recoveries from sample preparation, have been identified and optimized. Major polyatomic interferences (e.g., Ar-O, Ar-OH, and FeH) were significantly reduced by using an Aridus nebulizer and desolvating system. Isobaric metal (e.g., (54)Cr(+) on (54)Fe(+) and (58)Ni(+) on (58)Fe(+)) interferences and Ca-oxides and hydroxides were quantitatively removed during chemical purification of blood samples and selective isolation of Fe by anion-exchange resin, after mineralization of the blood samples by microwave digestion. Quantitative recoveries of Fe from different steps of sample preparation were verified using whole blood reference material. Fe isotopic compositions of the samples were corrected for instrumental mass bias by the standard-sample bracketing method using the certified reference standard IRMM-014. External precisions on the order of 0.008-0.05 (% RSD), 0.007-0.015 (% RSD), and 0.03-0.09 (% RSD) were obtained for (54)Fe/(56)Fe, (57)Fe/(56)Fe, and (58)Fe/(56)Fe, respectively, in the blood for three replicate measurements. The level of precision obtained in this work enables the detection of low enrichments of Fe in blood, which is highly desired in nutrition tracer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Benkhedda
- Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, 2203C Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1A0L2, Canada
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Cook DL, Wadhwa M, Janney PE, Dauphas N, Clayton RN, Davis AM. High Precision Measurements of Non-Mass-Dependent Effects in Nickel Isotopes in Meteoritic Metal via Multicollector ICPMS. Anal Chem 2006; 78:8477-84. [PMID: 17165842 DOI: 10.1021/ac061285m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We measured the Ni isotopic composition of metal from a variety of meteorite groups to search for variations in the 60Ni abundance from the decay of the short-lived nuclide 60Fe (t(1/2) = 1.49 My) and for possible nucleosynthetic effects in the other stable isotopes of Ni. We developed a high-yield Ni separation procedure based on a combination of anion and cation exchange chromatography. Nickel isotopes were measured on a single-focusing, multicollector, inductively coupled mass spectrometer (MC-ICPMS). The external precision on the mass-bias-corrected 60Ni/58Ni ratio (+/-0.15 epsilon; 2sigma) is comparable to similar studies using double-focusing MC-ICPMS. We report the first high-precision data for 64Ni, the least abundant Ni isotope, obtained via MC-ICPMS. The external precision on the mass-bias-corrected 64Ni/58Ni ratio (+/-1.5 epsilon; 2sigma) is better than previous studies using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. No resolvable excesses relative to a terrestrial standard in the mass-bias-corrected 60Ni/58Ni ratio were detected in any meteoritic metal samples. However, resolvable deficits in this ratio were measured in the metal from several unequilibrated chondrites, implying a 60Fe/56Fe ratio of approximately 1 x 10(-6) at the time of Fe/Ni fractionation in chondritic metal. A 60Fe/56Fe ratio of (4.6 +/- 3.3) x 10(-7) is inferred at the time of Fe/Ni fractionation on the parent bodies of magmatic iron meteorites and pallasites. No clearly resolvable non-mass-dependent anomalies were detected in the other stable isotopes of Ni in the samples investigated here, indicating that the Ni isotopic composition in the early solar system was homogeneous (at least at the level of precision reported here) at the time of meteoritic metal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Cook
- Department of the Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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Dauphas N, Rouxel O. Mass spectrometry and natural variations of iron isotopes. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2006; 25:515-50. [PMID: 16463281 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the processes that govern iron isotope variations in nature are just beginning to be understood, multiple studies attest of the virtue of this system to solve important problems in geosciences and biology. In this article, we review recent advances in the geochemistry, cosmochemistry, and biochemistry of iron isotopes. In Section 2, we briefly address the question of the nucleosynthesis of Fe isotopes. In Section 3, we describe the different methods for purifying Fe and analyzing its isotopic composition. The methods of SIMS, RIMS, and TIMS are presented but more weight is given to measurements by MC-ICPMS. In Section 4, the isotope anomalies measured in extraterrestrial material are briefly discussed. In Section 5, we show how high temperature processes like evaporation, condensation, diffusion, reduction, and phase partitioning can affect Fe isotopic composition. In Section 6, the various low temperature processes causing Fe isotopic fractionation are presented. These involve aqueous and biologic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dauphas
- Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences, Enrico Fermi Institute, and Chicago Center for Cosmochemistry, The University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2005; 40:416-427. [PMID: 15751104 DOI: 10.1002/jms.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In order to keep subscribers up-to-date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of mass spectrometry. Each bibliography is divided into 11 sections: 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 Instrumental Techniques & Methods; 3 Gas Phase Ion Chemistry; 4 Biology/Biochemistry: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Nucleic Acids; 5 Pharmacology/Toxicology; 6 Natural Products; 7 Analysis of Organic Compounds; 8 Analysis of Inorganics/Organometallics; 9 Surface Analysis; 10 Environmental Analysis; 11 Elemental Analysis. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author (4 Weeks journals - Search completed at 12th. Jan. 2005).
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Dauphas N, van Zuilen M, Wadhwa M, Davis AM, Marty B, Janney PE. Clues from Fe isotope variations on the origin of early Archean BIFs from Greenland. Science 2005; 306:2077-80. [PMID: 15604404 DOI: 10.1126/science.1104639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Archean rocks may provide a record of early Earth environments. However, such rocks have often been metamorphosed by high pressure and temperature, which can overprint the signatures of their original formation. Here, we show that the early Archean banded rocks from Isua, Akilia, and Innersuartuut, Greenland, are enriched in heavy iron isotopes by 0.1 to 0.5 per mil per atomic mass unit relative to igneous rocks worldwide. The observed enrichments are compatible with the transport, oxidation, and subsequent precipitation of ferrous iron emanating from hydrothermal vents and thus suggest that the original rocks were banded iron formations (BIFs). These variations therefore support a sedimentary origin for the Akilia banded rocks, which represent one of the oldest known occurrences of water-laid deposits on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dauphas
- Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences, and Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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