1
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Muramoto S, Graham DJ, Castner DG. ToF-SIMS analysis of ultrathin films and their fragmentation patterns. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. A, VACUUM, SURFACES, AND FILMS : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOCIETY 2024; 42:023416. [PMID: 38328692 PMCID: PMC10846908 DOI: 10.1116/6.0003249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Organic thin films are of great interest due to their intriguing interfacial and functional properties, especially for device applications such as thin-film transistors and sensors. As their thickness approaches single nanometer thickness, characterization and interpretation of the extracted data become increasingly complex. In this study, plasma polymerization is used to construct ultrathin films that range in thickness from 1 to 20 nm, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry coupled with principal component analysis is used to investigate the effects of film thickness on the resulting spectra. We demonstrate that for these cross-linked plasma polymers, at these thicknesses, the observed trends are different from those obtained from thicker films with lower degrees of cross-linking: contributions from ambient carbon contamination start to dominate the mass spectrum; cluster-induced nonlinear enhancement in secondary ion yield is no longer observed; extent of fragmentation is higher due to confinement of the primary ion energy; and the size of the primary ion source also affects fragmentation (e.g., Bi1 versus Bi5). These differences illustrate that care must be taken in choosing the correct primary ion source as well as in interpreting the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Muramoto
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
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2
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Marchetto F, Santaeufemia S, Lebiedzińska-Arciszewska M, Śliwińska MA, Pich M, Kurek E, Naziębło A, Strawski M, Solymosi D, Szklarczyk M, Bulska E, Szymański J, Wierzbicka M, Allahverdiyeva Y, Więckowski MR, Kargul J. Dynamic adaptation of the extremophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae to high nickel stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108365. [PMID: 38266563 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The order of Cyanidiales comprises seven acido-thermophilic red microalgal species thriving in hot springs of volcanic origin characterized by extremely low pH, moderately high temperatures and the presence of high concentrations of sulphites and heavy metals that are prohibitive for most other organisms. Little is known about the physiological processes underlying the long-term adaptation of these extremophiles to such hostile environments. Here, we investigated the long-term adaptive responses of a red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae, a representative of Cyanidiales, to extremely high nickel concentrations. By the comprehensive physiological, microscopic and elemental analyses we dissected the key physiological processes underlying the long-term adaptation of this model extremophile to high Ni exposure. These include: (i) prevention of significant Ni accumulation inside the cells; (ii) activation of the photoprotective response of non-photochemical quenching; (iii) significant changes of the chloroplast ultrastructure associated with the formation of prolamellar bodies and plastoglobuli together with loosening of the thylakoid membranes; (iv) activation of ROS amelioration machinery; and (v) maintaining the efficient respiratory chain functionality. The dynamically regulated processes identified in this study are discussed in the context of the mechanisms driving the remarkable adaptability of C. merolae to extremely high Ni levels exceeding by several orders of magnitude those found in the natural environment of the microalga. The processes identified in this study provide a solid basis for the future investigation of the specific molecular components and pathways involved in the adaptation of Cyanidiales to the extremely high Ni concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marchetto
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sergio Santaeufemia
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata A Śliwińska
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Pich
- Biological and Chemical Research Center, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eliza Kurek
- Biological and Chemical Research Center, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Naziębło
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Strawski
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Solymosi
- Molecular Plant Biology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Marek Szklarczyk
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bulska
- Biological and Chemical Research Center, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Szymański
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wierzbicka
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- Molecular Plant Biology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Mariusz R Więckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kargul
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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3
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Yu XY, Yang C, Gao J, Xiong J, Sui X, Zhong L, Zhang Y, Son J. Molecular detection of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Front Chem 2023; 11:1253685. [PMID: 37867995 PMCID: PMC10587417 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1253685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) is crucial in environmental mitigation and remediation of these persistent pollutants. We demonstrate that time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is a viable technique to analyze and identify these substances at parts per trillion (ppt) level in real field samples without complicated sample preparation due to its superior surface sensitivity. Several representative PFAS compounds, such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluoheptanoic acid (PFHpA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and real-world groundwater samples collected from monitoring wells installed around at a municipal wastewater treatment plant located in Southern California were analyzed in this work. ToF-SIMS spectral comparison depicts sensitive identification of pseudo-molecular ions, characteristic of reference PFASs. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) shows clear discrimination among real samples and reference compounds. Our results show that characteristic molecular ion and fragments peaks can be used to identify PFASs. Furthermore, SIMS two-dimensional (2D) images directly exhibit the distribution of perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFCA) and PFOS in simulated mixtures and real wastewater samples. Such findings indicate that ToF-SIMS is useable to determine PFAS compounds in complex environmental water samples. In conclusion, ToF-SIMS provides simple sample preparation and high sensitivity in mass spectral imaging, offering an alternative solution for environmental forensic analysis of PFASs in wastewater in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Yu
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Cuiyun Yang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jun Gao
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - John Xiong
- Haley & Aldrich Inc., Costa Mesa, CA, United States
| | - Xiao Sui
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Lirong Zhong
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jiyoung Son
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, Richland, WA, United States
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4
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Graham DJ, Gamble LJ. Back to the basics of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry of bio-related samples. I. Instrumentation and data collection. Biointerphases 2023; 18:021201. [PMID: 36990800 PMCID: PMC10063322 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is used widely throughout industrial and academic research due to the high information content of the chemically specific data it produces. Modern ToF-SIMS instruments can generate high mass resolution data that can be displayed as spectra and images (2D and 3D). This enables determining the distribution of molecules across and into a surface and provides access to information not obtainable from other methods. With this detailed chemical information comes a steep learning curve in how to properly acquire and interpret the data. This Tutorial is aimed at helping ToF-SIMS users to plan for and collect ToF-SIMS data. The second Tutorial in this series will cover how to process, display, and interpret ToF-SIMS data.
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5
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Preparation and Surface Characterization of Chitosan-Based Coatings for PET Materials. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052375. [PMID: 36903621 PMCID: PMC10005435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate)-PET-is one of the most frequently used polymers in biomedical applications. Due to chemical inertness, PET surface modification is necessary to gain specific properties, making the polymer biocompatible. The aim of this paper is to characterize the multi-component films containing chitosan (Ch), phospholipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), immunosuppressant cyclosporine A (CsA) and/or antioxidant lauryl gallate (LG) which can be utilized as a very attractive material for developing the PET coatings. Chitosan was employed owing to its antibacterial activity and also its ability to promote cell adhesion and proliferation favorable for tissue engineering and regeneration purposes. Moreover, the Ch film can be additionally modified with other substances of biological importance (DOPC, CsA and LG). The layers of varying compositions were prepared using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique on the air plasma-activated PET support. Then their nanostructure, molecular distribution, surface chemistry and wettability were determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle (CA) measurements and the surface free energy and its components' determination, respectively. The obtained results show clearly the dependence of the surface properties of the films on the molar ratio of components and allow for a better understanding of the coating organization and mechanisms of interactions at the molecular level both inside the films and between the films and the polar/apolar liquids imitating the environment of different properties. The organized layers of this type can be helpful in gaining control over the surface properties of the biomaterial, thus getting rid of the limitations in favor of increased biocompatibility. This is a good basis for further investigations on the correlation of the immune system response to the presence of biomaterial and its physicochemical properties.
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6
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Schneider P, Keller P, Schubert I, Bender M, Trautmann C, Dürr M. Bond-specific fragmentation of oligopeptides via electronic stopping of swift heavy ions in molecular films. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17975. [PMID: 36289262 PMCID: PMC9605986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly bond-specific fragmentation of oligopeptides induced by swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation was investigated by means of mass spectrometry. In pronounced contrast to measurements of samples irradiated with keV ions, oligopeptides which were exposed to 946 MeV Au ions show a high abundance of specific fragments. The highly bond-specific nature of SHI-induced fragmentation is attributed to electronic stopping as the most relevant energy loss mechanism for SHI in the oligopeptide samples in combination with the subsequent coupling between the excited electronic and the atomic subsystem. Fragmentation induced by SHI is observed to be further influenced by the structure of the oligopeptides, suggesting that electronic excitation and/or the electronic-vibrational coupling depend on the details of the molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Schneider
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - P. Keller
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - I. Schubert
- grid.159791.20000 0000 9127 4365GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Bender
- grid.159791.20000 0000 9127 4365GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany ,grid.449475.f0000 0001 0669 6924Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften, Hochschule RheinMain, Kurt-Schumacher-Ring 18, 65197 Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - C. Trautmann
- grid.159791.20000 0000 9127 4365GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany ,grid.6546.10000 0001 0940 1669Fachbereich Materialwissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Dürr
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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7
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Paladino E, Doerr FJ, Bordos E, Onyemelukwe II, Lamprou DA, Florence AJ, Gilmore IS, Halbert GW. High spatial resolution ToF-SIMS imaging and image analysis strategies to monitor and quantify early phase separation in amorphous solid dispersions. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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Zorn G, Simonovsky FI, Ratner BD, Castner DG. XPS and ToF-SIMS Characterization of New Biodegradable Poly(Peptide-Urethane-Urea) Block Copolymers. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2100894. [PMID: 34347389 PMCID: PMC8814053 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
New, linear, segmented poly(peptide-urethane-urea) (PPUU) block copolymers are synthesized and their surface compositions are characterized with angle dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ADXPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). These new PPUU block copolymers contain three types of segments. The soft segment (SS) is poly(caprolactone diol) (PCL). The hard segment is lysine diisocyanate with a hydrazine chain extender. The oligopeptide segment (OPS) contains three types of amino acids (proline, hydroxyproline, and glycine). Incorporation of the OPS into the polyurethane backbone is done to provide a synthetic polymer material with controllable biodegradation properties. As biodegradation processes normally are initiated at the interface between the biomaterial and the living tissue, it is important to characterize the surface composition of biomaterials. ADXPS and ToF-SIMS results show that the surfaces of all four polymers are enriched with the PCL SS, the most hydrophobic component of the three polymer segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Zorn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1750
| | - Felix I. Simonovsky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1750
| | - Buddy D. Ratner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1750
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1750
| | - David G. Castner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1750
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1750
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9
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Ordoubadi M, Gregson FKA, Wang H, Carrigy NB, Nicholas M, Gracin S, Lechuga-Ballesteros D, Reid JP, Finlay WH, Vehring R. Trileucine as a dispersibility enhancer of spray-dried inhalable microparticles. J Control Release 2021; 336:522-536. [PMID: 34229002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The formation of trileucine-containing spray-dried microparticles intended for pulmonary delivery was studied in depth. A single-particle method was employed to study the shell formation characteristics of trileucine in the presence of trehalose as a glass former, and an empirical correlation was proposed to predict the instance of shell formation. A droplet chain instrument was used to produce and collect monodisperse particles to examine morphology and calculate particle density for different levels of trileucine. It was observed that the addition of only 0.5 mg/mL (10% w/w) trileucine to a trehalose system could lower dried particle densities by approximately 1 g/cm3. In addition, a laboratory-scale spray dryer was used to produce batches of trileucine/trehalose powders in the respirable range. Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that both components were completely amorphous. Scanning electron microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were used to study the particle morphologies and surface compositions. For all cases with trileucine, highly rugose particles with trileucine coverages of more than 60% by mass were observed with trileucine feed fractions of as little as 2% w/w. Moreover, it was seen that at lower trileucine content, smaller and larger particles of a polydisperse powder had slightly different surface compositions. The surface activity of trileucine was also modeled via a modified form of the diffusion equation inside an evaporating droplet that took into account initial surface adsorption and eventual surface desorption due to droplet shrinkage. Finally, using the Flory-Huggins theory, it was estimated that at room temperature, liquid-liquid phase separation would start when the trileucine reached an aqueous concentration of about 18 mg/mL. Besides the surface activity of trileucine, this low concentration was assumed to explain the substantial effect of trileucine on the morphology of spray-dried particles due to early phase separation. The methodology proposed in this study can be used in the rational design of trileucine-containing microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark Nicholas
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sandra Gracin
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Lechuga-Ballesteros
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jonathan P Reid
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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10
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Thalberg K, Papathanasiou F, Fransson M, Nicholas M. Controlling the performance of adhesive mixtures for inhalation using mixing energy. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120055. [PMID: 33176199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A concept of mixing energy, ME, has been developed and applied to blending of adhesive mixtures for inhalation in a high shear blender. Six different systems were investigated, four of which included a coating agent. For blends containing a coating agent, it is shown that the applied ME is key to the control of two important functional mechanisms: i) coating of the carrier by the coating agent, and ii) the dispersibility of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The mass of the carrier was identified to be the mass which is relevant to the forces acting during mixing. The dispersibility in terms of the fine particle fraction (FPF) can be expressed as the product of two exponentials which both are functions of ME. The first factor accounts for the initial increase in FPF, while the second accounts for the decrease observed at extensive mixing. For adhesive mixtures without a coating agent, a similar decrease in FPF is observed when high forces are applied during mixing. Mechanistic interpretation of the behavior is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrre Thalberg
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Foteini Papathanasiou
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Fransson
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mark Nicholas
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Ordoubadi M, Gregson FKA, Wang H, Nicholas M, Gracin S, Lechuga-Ballesteros D, Reid JP, Finlay WH, Vehring R. On the particle formation of leucine in spray drying of inhalable microparticles. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120102. [PMID: 33227375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The particle formation of L-leucine, a dispersibility-enhancing amino acid used in the spray drying of inhalable pharmaceutical aerosols, was extensively studied using three experimental methods, and the results were interpreted with the aid of theory. A comparative-kinetics electrodynamic balance was used to study the shell formation behavior in single evaporating microdroplets containing leucine and trehalose. Different concentration thresholds of solidification and shell formation were determined for trehalose and leucine, which were then used in the particle formation model to predict the properties of spray-dried particles. Furthermore, a droplet chain instrument was used to study the particle morphologies and particle densities that were not accessible in the single particle experiments. Lab-scale spray drying was also used to produce powders typical for actual pharmaceutical applications. Raman spectroscopy confirmed that a glass former, such as trehalose, can inhibit the crystallization of leucine. The surface compositions of these spray-dried powders were analyzed via time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The leucine surface coverage in a polydisperse powder was determined to be a function of the particle size or the initial droplet diameter of each respective particle. This observation confirms the important role of leucine crystallization kinetics in its shell-forming capabilities. A critical supersaturation ratio of 3.5 was also calculated for leucine, at which it is assumed to instantaneously nucleate out of solution. This ratio was used as the threshold for the initiation of crystallization. Crystallinity predictions for the leucine-trehalose particles based on this supersaturation ratio were in good agreement with the solid-state characterizations obtained by Raman spectroscopy. This study improves the fundamental understanding of the particle formation process of leucine-containing formulations, which can apply to other crystallizing systems and potentially facilitate the rational design of such formulations with reduced experimental effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark Nicholas
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sandra Gracin
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Lechuga-Ballesteros
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Reid
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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12
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Vlasak PR, Pacholski ML, Kang JH, Kearns KL, Reinhardt CW. Part II: The influence of substrate type, film thickness, and primary ion type on molecular weight characterization of linear polydimethyl siloxane films by secondary ion mass spectrometry. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joo H. Kang
- Analytical Science Dow Chemical Co Midland Michigan USA
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13
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Schneider P, Verloh F, Portz A, Aoyagi S, Rohnke M, Dürr M. Direct Analysis of Ion-Induced Peptide Fragmentation in Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15604-15610. [PMID: 33170642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary-ion-induced fragmentation in organic molecules can strongly influence the results in secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) of organic and biomolecular samples. In order to characterize this ion-induced fragmentation, oligopeptide samples irradiated in SIMS experiments were investigated by means of desorption/ionization induced by neutral SO2 clusters (DINeC). The latter is a nondestructive desorption method for mass spectrometry of biomolecules, which gives direct access to the fragments induced in the sample. Comparison of TOF-SIMS and DINeC mass spectra revealed qualitative differences between the fragments, which remain in the sample and the fragments sputtered during ion bombardment. The fragmentation strength and its spatial distribution were found to be quantitatively different for Bi1+, Bi3+, and Ar1000+ primary ions, leading to different distributions of the degree of fragmentation in the samples as directly measured by means of DINeC depth profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Schneider
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - F Verloh
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.,Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - A Portz
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - S Aoyagi
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, 3-3-1, Kichijyoji-kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - M Rohnke
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - M Dürr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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14
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Priebe A, Barnes JP, Edwards TEJ, Huszár E, Pethö L, Michler J. Elemental Characterization of Al Nanoparticles Buried under a Cu Thin Film: TOF-SIMS vs STEM/EDX. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12518-12527. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Priebe
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Edward James Edwards
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Emese Huszár
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Laszlo Pethö
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Johann Michler
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
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15
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Controlling orientation, conformation, and biorecognition of proteins on silane monolayers, conjugate polymers, and thermo-responsive polymer brushes: investigations using TOF-SIMS and principal component analysis. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractControl over orientation and conformation of surface-immobilized proteins, determining their biological activity, plays a critical role in biointerface engineering. Specific protein state can be achieved with adjusted surface preparation and immobilization conditions through different types of protein-surface and protein-protein interactions, as outlined in this work. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, combining surface sensitivity with excellent chemical specificity enhanced by multivariate data analysis, is the most suited surface analysis method to provide information about protein state. This work highlights recent applications of the multivariate principal component analysis of TOF-SIMS spectra to trace orientation and conformation changes of various proteins (antibody, bovine serum albumin, and streptavidin) immobilized by adsorption, specific binding, and covalent attachment on different surfaces, including self-assembled monolayers on silicon, solution-deposited polythiophenes, and thermo-responsive polymer brushes. Multivariate TOF-SIMS results correlate well with AFM data and binding assays for antibody-antigen and streptavidin-biotin recognition. Additionally, several novel extensions of the multivariate TOF-SIMS method are discussed.Graphical abstract
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16
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Nicholas M, Josefson M, Fransson M, Wilbs J, Roos C, Boissier C, Thalberg K. Quantification of surface composition and surface structure of inhalation powders using TOF-SIMS. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119666. [PMID: 32702450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A multivariate TOF-SIMS methodology has been developed and applied to quantify surface composition and chemical distribution for dry powder blends. Surface properties are often critical to the behavior of powder formulations, especially in the case of dry powders for inhalation, as surface properties directly affect inter-particulate forces and, hence, the dispersibility of the formulation. The mass spectrum at each pixel was fit to a linear combination of reference spectra obtained by non-negatively constrained alternating least squares. From the pixel compositions, average surface coverage and a range of other image features were calculated. Two kinds of systems have been examined: 1) binary blends of lactose particles and coating agents, and 2) blends of different inhalation drugs with carrier lactose. For both kinds of systems, detailed insight into the surface composition and structure could be derived. For the former study, TOF-SIMS results were compared with a complementary surface analysis technique, XPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Nicholas
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Mats Josefson
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Fransson
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Wilbs
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Roos
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Kyrre Thalberg
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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17
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Gulin AA, Nadtochenko VA, Pogorelova VN, Melnikov MY, Pogorelov AG. Sample Preparation of Biological Tissues and Cells for the Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193482006009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Marcoen K, Gauvin M, De Strycker J, Terryn H, Hauffman T. Molecular Characterization of Multiple Bonding Interactions at the Steel Oxide-Aminopropyl triethoxysilane Interface by ToF-SIMS. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:692-700. [PMID: 31956819 PMCID: PMC6964312 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organofunctional silanes are applied as coupling agents between organic coatings and low carbon steel substrates to promote adhesion. Although the metal oxide-silane interface plays an important role in the performance of the entire overlying coating system, it remains challenging to obtain a clear understanding of the interfacial molecular bonding mechanism and its influence on adhesion. In this work, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry is used to study interfacial interactions between aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APS) and low carbon steel. APS is shown to bond to the steel substrate through silanol steel and amine-steel interactions, and coatings are cured at varying temperatures to evaluate the influence of curing on these different types of bonding interactions. Unambiguous evidence for hydrogen bond interactions between APS silanol groups and steel surface hydroxyl groups is provided for the first time in this work through deuteration of the steel substrate and allows to tackle long-lasting doubts about the most wide-spread bonding theory that has been postulated for silane adsorption on metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Marcoen
- Research
Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Gauvin
- OCAS
NV, President John F. Kennedylaan 3, 9060 Zelzate, Belgium
| | | | - Herman Terryn
- Research
Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft
University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Hauffman
- Research
Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Sen-Britain S, Britain DM, Hicks WL, Gardella JA. ToF-SIMS and TIRF microscopy investigation on the effects of HEMA copolymer surface chemistry on spatial localization, surface intensity, and release of fluorescently labeled keratinocyte growth factor. Biointerphases 2019; 14:051003. [PMID: 31547664 PMCID: PMC6905652 DOI: 10.1116/1.5119871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for direct biomaterial-based delivery of growth factors to wound surfaces to aid in wound healing emphasizes the importance of interfacial interactions between the biomaterial and the wound surface. These interactions include the spatial localization of growth factor, the surface intensity of growth factor in contact with the wound, and the release profile of growth factor to the wound surface. The authors report the use of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to determine the relationship between biomaterial surface chemistry and the spatial localization of growth factor. They have implemented a novel application of total internal reflectance fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy to measure the surface intensity and release of growth factor in contact with a glass substrate that has been used to model a wound surface. Detailed information regarding TIRF experiments has been included to aid in future studies regarding the biomaterial delivery to interfaces. The authors have evaluated the effects of (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate (HEMA) homopolymer, 5.89% methyl methacrylate/HEMA, and 5.89% methacrylic acid/HEMA surface chemistry on the spatial localization of AlexaFluor 488-labeled keratinocyte growth factor (AF488-KGF), AF488-KGF surface intensity at the copolymer surface, and release to a glass substrate. KGF is known to promote re-epithelialization in wound healing. The results show that the two copolymers allow for increased surface coverage, surface intensity, and release of AF488-KGF in comparison to the homopolymer. It is likely that differences in these three aspects could have a profound effect on the wound healing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohini Sen-Britain
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14221
| | - Derek M Britain
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Wesley L Hicks
- Department of Head and Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Joseph A Gardella
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14221
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20
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Priebe A, Barnes JP, Edwards TEJ, Pethö L, Balogh I, Michler J. 3D Imaging of Nanoparticles in an Inorganic Matrix Using TOF-SIMS Validated with STEM and EDX. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11834-11839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Priebe
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Edward James Edwards
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Laszlo Pethö
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - István Balogh
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Johann Michler
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
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21
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Bobrowska J, Awsiuk K, Pabijan J, Bobrowski P, Lekki J, Sowa KM, Rysz J, Budkowski A, Lekka M. Biophysical and Biochemical Characteristics as Complementary Indicators of Melanoma Progression. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9885-9892. [PMID: 31310097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The multistep character of cancer progression makes it difficult to define a unique biomarker of the disease. Interdisciplinary approaches, combining various complementary techniques, especially those operating at a nanoscale level, potentially accelerate characterization of cancer cells or tissue properties. Here, we study a relation between the surface and biomechanical properties of melanoma cells, measured by mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In total, seven cell lines have been studied. Six of them were melanoma cells derived from various stages of tumor progression: (1) WM115 cells derived from a 55 year old female skin melanoma at a vertical growth phase (VGP) in the primary melanoma site, (2) WM793 cells established from the vertical growth phase (VGP) of a primary skin melanoma lesion, (3) WM266-4 cells established from a cutaneous skin metastasis detected in the same patient as WM115 cells, (4) WM239 cells derived from a cutaneous skin metastasis, (5) 1205Lu cells originated from a lung metastasis diagnosed in the same patient as WM793 cells, and (6) A375P-cells were derived from a solid malignant tumor located in the lung. As a reference cell line, human epidermal melanocytes from adult skin (primary cell line HEMa-LP) were used. Results reveal low, medium, and large deformability of melanoma cells originating from vertical growth phase (VGP), and skin and lung metastasis, respectively. These changes were accompanied by distinct outcome from principal component analysis (PCA). In relation to VGP melanoma cells, cells from skin and lung metastasis reveal similar or significantly different surface properties. The largest deformability difference observed for cells from VGP and lung metastasis was accompanied by the largest separation of unspecific changes in their surface properties. In this way, we show the evidence that biomechanical and surface biochemical properties of cells change in parallel, indicating a potential of being used as nanobiophysical fingerprints of melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Bobrowska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków PL-31341 , Poland
| | - Kamil Awsiuk
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , Kraków PL-30-348 , Poland
| | - Joanna Pabijan
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków PL-31341 , Poland
| | - Piotr Bobrowski
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials , Polish Academy of Sciences , Reymonta 25 , Kraków 30-059 , Poland
| | - Janusz Lekki
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków PL-31341 , Poland
| | - Katarzyna M Sowa
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , Kraków PL-30-348 , Poland
| | - Jakub Rysz
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , Kraków PL-30-348 , Poland
| | - Andrzej Budkowski
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , Kraków PL-30-348 , Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lekka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków PL-31341 , Poland
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22
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Suganuma Y, Mitsuoka T, Yamamoto S, Kinjo T, Yoneyama H, Umemoto K. Wettability of Primer-Treated Al 2O 3 Surfaces by Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether: Determination of the Mechanism from Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:4434-4442. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitake Suganuma
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., 41-1, Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Takuya Mitsuoka
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., 41-1, Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Dassault Systèmes K. K., 2-1-1, Osaki, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-6020, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kinjo
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., 41-1, Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yoneyama
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., 41-1, Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Umemoto
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., 41-1, Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
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23
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Müller R, Feuerstein TJ, Trouillet V, Bestgen S, Roesky PW, Barner-Kowollik C. Spatially-Resolved Multiple Metallopolymer Surfaces by Photolithography. Chemistry 2018; 24:18933-18943. [PMID: 30357939 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A tetrazole-based photoligation protocol for the spatially-resolved encoding of various defined metallopolymers onto solid surfaces is introduced. By using this approach, fabrication of bi- and trifunctional metallopolymer surfaces with different metal combinations were achieved. Specifically, α-ω-functional copolymers containing bipyridine as well as triphenylphosphine ligands were synthesized through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, and subsequently metal loaded to afford metallopolymers of the widely-used metals gold, palladium, and platinum. Spatially-resolved surface attachment was achieved by means of a nitrile imine-mediated tetrazole-ene cycloaddition (NITEC) based photoligation protocol, exploiting tethered tetrazoles and metallopolymers equipped with a maleimide chain terminus. Metallopolymer coated surfaces with three different metals were prepared and characterized by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and spatially-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) mapping, supporting the preserved chemical composition of the surface-bound metallopolymers. The established photochemical technology platform for arbitrary spatially-resolved metallopolymer surface designs enables the patterning of multiple metallopolymers onto solid substrates. This allows for the assembly of designer metallopolymer substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouven Müller
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 18, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas J Feuerstein
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Vanessa Trouillet
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bestgen
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 18, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany.,School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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24
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Muramoto S, Gillen G, Windsor ES. Chemical discrimination of multilayered paint cross sections for potential forensic applications using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Muramoto
- Materials Measurement Sciences Division; National Institute of Standards and Technology; Gaithersburg Maryland
| | - Greg Gillen
- Materials Measurement Sciences Division; National Institute of Standards and Technology; Gaithersburg Maryland
| | - Eric S. Windsor
- Materials Measurement Sciences Division; National Institute of Standards and Technology; Gaithersburg Maryland
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25
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Yu X, Yu J, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Evans JE, Yu XY, Wang XL, Zhu Z. An investigation of the beam damage effect on in situ liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:2035-2042. [PMID: 28884926 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE During in situ liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis, the primary ion beam is normally scanned on a very small area to collect signals with high ion doses (1014 to 1016 ions/cm2 ). As a result, beam damage may become a concern when compared with the static limit of SIMS analysis, in which the dose is normally less than 1012 ions/cm2 . Therefore, a comparison of ion yields in in situ liquid SIMS analysis versus traditional static SIMS analysis of corresponding dry samples is of great interest. METHODS In this study, a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposome solution was used as a model system. Both liquid sample and dry sample were examined. Secondary ion yields using three primary ion species (Bi+ , Bi3+ and Bi3++ ) with various beam currents were investigated. RESULTS Usable ion yields for both positive and negative characteristic signals (including molecular ions and characteristic fragment ions) were achievable based on optimized experimental conditions for in situ liquid SIMS analysis. The ion yield of the key DPPC molecular ion was comparable to that of traditional static SIMS, and unexpected low fragmentation was observed. The flexible structure of the liquid plays an important role for these observations. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, beam damage may not be a concern in in situ liquid SIMS analysis if proper experimental conditions are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials & Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
- W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Jiachao Yu
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Yufan Zhou
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials & Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
- W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Jungang Wang
- W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - James E Evans
- W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Xiao-Ying Yu
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Xue-Lin Wang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials & Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zihua Zhu
- W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
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26
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Castner DG. Biomedical surface analysis: Evolution and future directions (Review). Biointerphases 2017; 12:02C301. [PMID: 28438024 PMCID: PMC5403738 DOI: 10.1116/1.4982169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes some of the major advances made in biomedical surface analysis over the past 30-40 years. Starting from a single technique analysis of homogeneous surfaces, it has been developed into a complementary, multitechnique approach for obtaining detailed, comprehensive information about a wide range of surfaces and interfaces of interest to the biomedical community. Significant advances have been made in each surface analysis technique, as well as how the techniques are combined to provide detailed information about biological surfaces and interfaces. The driving force for these advances has been that the surface of a biomaterial is the interface between the biological environment and the biomaterial, and so, the state-of-the-art in instrumentation, experimental protocols, and data analysis methods need to be developed so that the detailed surface structure and composition of biomedical devices can be determined and related to their biological performance. Examples of these advances, as well as areas for future developments, are described for immobilized proteins, complex biomedical surfaces, nanoparticles, and 2D/3D imaging of biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Castner
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 351653, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
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27
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Gajos K, Budkowski A, Pagkali V, Petrou P, Biernat M, Awsiuk K, Rysz J, Bernasik A, Misiakos K, Raptis I, Kakabakos S. Indirect immunoassay on functionalized silicon surface: Molecular arrangement, composition and orientation examined step-by-step with multi-technique and multivariate analysis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 150:437-444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Sheridan RJ, Orski SV, Muramoto S, Stafford CM, Beers KL. Ultraviolet/Ozone as a Tool To Control Grafting Density in Surface-Initiated Controlled-Radical Polymerizations via Ablation of Bromine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8071-6. [PMID: 27442615 PMCID: PMC4993198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We used an ultraviolet-ozone (UVO) cleaner to create substrates for atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with varying surface initiator coverage. We collected complementary time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements to investigate the precise chemical origin of the variation in grafting density. At short exposure times, the atomic composition underwent minor changes except for the relative amount of bromine. At longer UVO exposure times, there is clear evidence of exposure-dependent surface initiator oxidation. We interpret these data as evidence of a bromine ablation process within the UVO cleaner, with additional oxidative modification of the rest of the surface. We then used these substrates to create a series of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) brushes varying in grafting density, demonstrating the utility of this tool for the control of polymer brush density. The measured brush grafting densities were correlated with the bromine concentration measured by both ToF-SIMS and XPS. XPS and brush thicknesses correlated strongly, following an exponential decay with a half-life of 18 ± 1 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Sheridan
- Material Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Sara V. Orski
- Material Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Shin Muramoto
- Material Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Christopher M. Stafford
- Material Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Kathryn L. Beers
- Material Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
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29
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Havelund R, Seah MP, Gilmore IS. Sampling Depths, Depth Shifts, and Depth Resolutions for Bin+ Ion Analysis in Argon Gas Cluster Depth Profiles. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:2604-11. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Havelund
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, U.K
| | - M. P. Seah
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, U.K
| | - I. S. Gilmore
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, U.K
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30
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Jungnickel H, Laux P, Luch A. Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS): A New Tool for the Analysis of Toxicological Effects on Single Cell Level. TOXICS 2016; 4:toxics4010005. [PMID: 29051411 PMCID: PMC5606633 DOI: 10.3390/toxics4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Single cell imaging mass spectrometry opens up a complete new perspective for strategies in toxicological risk assessment and drug discovery. In particular, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) with its high spatial and depth resolution is becoming part of the imaging mass spectrometry toolbox used for single cell analysis. Recent instrumentation advancements in combination with newly developed cluster ion guns allow 3-dimensional reconstruction of single cells together with a spatially resolved compound location and quantification on nanoscale depth level. The exact location and quantification of a single compound or even of a set of compounds is no longer restricted to the two dimensional space within single cells, but is available for voxels, a cube-sized 3-dimensional space, rather than pixels. The information gathered from one voxel is further analysed using multivariate statistical methodology like maximum autocorrelation factors to co-locate the compounds of interest within intracellular organelles like nucleus, mitochondria or golgi apparatus. Furthermore, the cell membrane may be resolved, including adhering compounds and potential changes of the lipid patterns. The generated information can be used further for a first evaluation of intracellular target specifity of new drug candidates or for the toxicological risk assessment of environmental chemicals and their intracellular metabolites. Additionally, single cell lipidomics and metabolomics enable for the first time an in-depth understanding of the activation or inhibition of cellular biosynthesis and signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Jungnickel
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Peter Laux
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
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31
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Gulin A, Nadtochenko V, Astafiev A, Pogorelova V, Rtimi S, Pogorelov A. Correlating microscopy techniques and ToF-SIMS analysis of fully grown mammalian oocytes. Analyst 2016; 141:4121-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00665e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An innovative protocol for the 2D-molecular thin film analysis applying ToF-SIMS, SEM, AFM and optical microscopy imaging of fully grown mice oocytes is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gulin
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
- Moscow State University
| | - Victor Nadtochenko
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
- Moscow State University
| | - Artyom Astafiev
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
| | | | - Sami Rtimi
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédeérale de Lausanne
- Institute of chemical sciences and engineering (ISIC)
- Lausanne
- VD
- Switzerland
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32
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Muramoto S, Forbes TP, van Asten AC, Gillen G. Test Sample for the Spatially Resolved Quantification of Illicit Drugs on Fingerprints Using Imaging Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:5444-50. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Muramoto
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), US Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, United States
| | - Thomas P. Forbes
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), US Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, United States
| | - Arian C. van Asten
- Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI), Ministry of Security
and Justice, The Hague 1098 XH, The Netherlands
- van‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam
Center for Forensic Science and Medicine (CLHC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Greg Gillen
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), US Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, United States
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33
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Bao C, Xu KQ, Tang CY, Lau WM, Yin CB, Zhu Y, Mei J, Lee J, Hui D, Nie HY, Liu Y. Cross-Linking the Surface of Cured Polydimethylsiloxane via Hyperthemal Hydrogen Projectile Bombardment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8515-8524. [PMID: 25849306 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linking of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is increasingly important with recent focus on its top surface stiffness. In this paper, we demonstrate that hyperthermal hydrogen projectile bombardment, a surface sensitive cross-linking technology, is superior in enhancing the mechanical properties of a cured PDMS surface without significantly degrading its hydrophobicity. Both water contact angle measurements and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry are used to investigate the variations in surface chemistry and structure upon cross-linking. Using nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy, we confirm that the thickness of the cross-linked PDMS is controllable by the bombardment time, which opens opportunities for tuning cross-linking degree in compliance with arising requirements from the practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cong-Bin Yin
- ‡CCDC Downhole Service Company, CNPC, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- §Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | | | | | - David Hui
- ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, United States
| | - Heng-Yong Nie
- ⊥Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, 999 Collip Circle, London, Ontario N6G 0J3, Canada
- #Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
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34
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Revealing cytokine-induced changes in the extracellular matrix with secondary ion mass spectrometry. Acta Biomater 2015; 14:70-83. [PMID: 25523877 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cell-secreted matrices (CSMs), where extracellular matrix (ECM) deposited by monolayer cell cultures is decellularized, have been increasingly used to produce surfaces that may be reseeded with cells. Such surfaces are useful to help us understand cell-ECM interactions in a microenvironment closer to the in vivo situation than synthetic substrates with adsorbed proteins. We describe the production of CSMs from mouse primary osteoblasts (mPObs) exposed to cytokine challenge during matrix secretion, mimicking in vivo inflammatory environments. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry data revealed that CSMs with cytokine challenge at day 7 or 12 of culture can be chemically distinguished from one another and from untreated CSM using multivariate analysis. Comparison of the differences with reference spectra from adsorbed protein mixtures points towards cytokine challenge resulting in a decrease in collagen content. This is supported by immunocytochemical and histological staining, demonstrating a 44% loss of collagen mass and a 32% loss in collagen I coverage. CSM surfaces demonstrate greater cell adhesion than adsorbed ECM proteins. When mPObs were reseeded onto cytokine-challenged CSMs they exhibited reduced adhesion and elongated morphology compared to untreated CSMs. Such changes may direct subsequent cell fate and function, and provide insights into pathological responses at sites of inflammation.
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35
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Willingham D, Naes BE, Fahey AJ. Validating mass spectrometry measurements of nuclear materials via a non-contact volume analysis method of ion sputter craters. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Holzweber M, Shard AG, Jungnickel H, Luch A, Unger WES. Dual beam organic depth profiling using large argon cluster ion beams. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014; 46:936-939. [PMID: 25892830 PMCID: PMC4376248 DOI: 10.1002/sia.5429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Argon cluster sputtering of an organic multilayer reference material consisting of two organic components, 4,4'-bis[N-(1-naphthyl-1-)-N-phenyl- amino]-biphenyl (NPB) and aluminium tris-(8-hydroxyquinolate) (Alq3), materials commonly used in organic light-emitting diodes industry, was carried out using time-of-flight SIMS in dual beam mode. The sample used in this study consists of a ∽400-nm-thick NPB matrix with 3-nm marker layers of Alq3 at depth of ∽50, 100, 200 and 300 nm. Argon cluster sputtering provides a constant sputter yield throughout the depth profiles, and the sputter yield volumes and depth resolution are presented for Ar-cluster sizes of 630, 820, 1000, 1250 and 1660 atoms at a kinetic energy of 2.5 keV. The effect of cluster size in this material and over this range is shown to be negligible. © 2014 The Authors. Surface and Interface Analysis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Holzweber
- BAM – Federal Institute for Material Science and Testing, Division of Surface Analysis and Interfacial ChemistryUnter den Eichen 44-46, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - AG Shard
- National Physical LaboratoryHampton Road, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - H Jungnickel
- BfR – Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Experimental ResearchMax Dohrn Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Luch
- BfR – Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Experimental ResearchMax Dohrn Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - WES Unger
- BAM – Federal Institute for Material Science and Testing, Division of Surface Analysis and Interfacial ChemistryUnter den Eichen 44-46, 12205, Berlin, Germany
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37
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DeBord JD, Smith DF, Anderton CR, Heeren RMA, Paša-Tolić L, Gomer RH, Fernandez-Lima FA. Secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of Dictyostelium discoideum aggregation streams. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99319. [PMID: 24911189 PMCID: PMC4049834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High resolution imaging mass spectrometry could become a valuable tool for cell and developmental biology, but both, high spatial and mass spectral resolution are needed to enable this. In this report, we employed Bi3 bombardment time-of-flight (Bi3 ToF-SIMS) and C60 bombardment Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance secondary ion mass spectrometry (C60 FTICR-SIMS) to image Dictyostelium discoideum aggregation streams. Nearly 300 lipid species were identified from the aggregation streams. High resolution mass spectrometry imaging (FTICR-SIMS) enabled the generation of multiple molecular ion maps at the nominal mass level and provided good coverage for fatty acyls, prenol lipids, and sterol lipids. The comparison of Bi3 ToF-SIMS and C60 FTICR-SIMS suggested that while the first provides fast, high spatial resolution molecular ion images, the chemical complexity of biological samples warrants the use of high resolution analyzers for accurate ion identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Daniel DeBord
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Donald F. Smith
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher R. Anderton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ljiljana Paša-Tolić
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Richard H. Gomer
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Francisco A. Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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38
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Delcorte A, Restrepo OA, Hamraoui K, Czerwinski B. Cluster impacts in organics: microscopic models and universal sputtering curves. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Delcorte
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences - Bio and Soft Matter (IMCN/BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; 1 Croix du Sud B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Oscar A. Restrepo
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences - Bio and Soft Matter (IMCN/BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; 1 Croix du Sud B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Karim Hamraoui
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences - Bio and Soft Matter (IMCN/BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; 1 Croix du Sud B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Bartlomiej Czerwinski
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences - Bio and Soft Matter (IMCN/BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; 1 Croix du Sud B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
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39
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Abstract
The isotopic composition of different materials can be imaged by secondary ion mass spectrometry. In biology, this method is mainly used to study cellular metabolism and turnover, by pulsing the cells with marker molecules such as amino acids labelled with stable isotopes (15N, 13C). The incorporation of the markers is then imaged with a lateral resolution that can surpass 100 nm. However, secondary ion mass spectrometry cannot identify specific subcellular structures like organelles, and needs to be correlated with a second technique, such as fluorescence imaging. Here, we present a method based on stimulated emission depletion microscopy that provides correlated optical and isotopic nanoscopy (COIN) images. We use this approach to study the protein turnover in different organelles from cultured hippocampal neurons. Correlated optical and isotopic nanoscopy can be applied to a variety of biological samples, and should therefore enable the investigation of the isotopic composition of many organelles and subcellular structures. Secondary ion mass spectrometry is effective for imaging cellular turnover, but it cannot identify subcellular structures such as organelles. Here the authors show a method for correlating this technique with high-resolution fluorescence microscopy, enabling the measurement of turnover in cellular compartments.
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40
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Brison J, Robinson MA, Benoit DS, Muramoto S, Stayton PS, Castner DG. TOF-SIMS 3D imaging of native and non-native species within HeLa cells. Anal Chem 2013; 85:10869-77. [PMID: 24131300 PMCID: PMC3889863 DOI: 10.1021/ac402288d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a non-native chemical species, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), was imaged within single HeLa cells using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). z-corrected 3D images were reconstructed that accurately portray the distribution of intracellular BrdU as well as other intracellular structures. The BrdU was localized to the nucleus of cells, whereas structures composed of CxHyOz(-) species were located in bundles on the periphery of cells. The CxHyOz(-) subcellular features had a spatial resolution at or slightly below a micrometer (900 nm), as defined by the distance between the 16% and 84% intensities in a line scan across the edge of the features. Additionally, important parameters influencing the quality of the HeLa cell 3D images were investigated. Atomic force microscopy measurements revealed that the HeLa cells were sputtered at a rate of approximately 4 nm per 10(13) C60(+) ions/cm(2) at 10 keV and a 45° incident angle. Optimal 3D images were acquired using a Bi3(+) liquid metal ion gun operating in the simultaneous high mass and spatial resolution mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Brison
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
| | - Michael A. Robinson
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
| | | | - Shin Muramoto
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
| | - Patrick S. Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
| | - David G. Castner
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653
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41
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Bich C, Havelund R, Moellers R, Touboul D, Kollmer F, Niehuis E, Gilmore IS, Brunelle A. Argon Cluster Ion Source Evaluation on Lipid Standards and Rat Brain Tissue Samples. Anal Chem 2013; 85:7745-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4009513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bich
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rasmus Havelund
- Surface and Nanoanalysis, National Physical Laboratory (NPL) Teddington, Middlesex, TW11
0LW, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Touboul
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Felix Kollmer
- ION-TOF GmbH, Heisenbergstr.15, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Ewald Niehuis
- ION-TOF GmbH, Heisenbergstr.15, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Ian S. Gilmore
- Surface and Nanoanalysis, National Physical Laboratory (NPL) Teddington, Middlesex, TW11
0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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42
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Robinson MA, Castner DG. Characterization of sample preparation methods of NIH/3T3 fibroblasts for ToF-SIMS analysis. Biointerphases 2013; 8:15. [PMID: 24706128 PMCID: PMC4000548 DOI: 10.1186/1559-4106-8-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The information that is obtained from single cells during time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analysis is influenced by the method that was used to prepare the cells. The removal of extracellular media before analysis is necessary, but the rinsing technique should not damage the plasma membrane of the cell. The presence of intracellular salts reduced the secondary ion yield an average of 2.6-fold during Bi3 (+)/C60 (++) depth profiles. Chemical fixation followed by rinsing removed a majority of the intracellular salts, "recovering" the positive secondary ion yields. The formaldehyde-fixation process removed a majority of the intracellular Cl(-), but other key anions were not removed in significant amounts. The data presented here is consistent the anion neutralization mechanism largely responsible for the lower ion yields. All of the organic secondary ions that were detected in the freeze-dried cells were also detected in the formaldehyde-fixed cells, suggesting that the fixation process did not remove any molecular species to an extent that is detectable by ToF-SIMS. Compared to freeze dried cells, well preserved, frozen-hydrated cells showed little increase, or a decreased yield, for most low mass ions, but an increased yield for larger mass fragments. This is consistent with a reduced damage cross section at cryogenic analysis temperatures, although proton donation from water and reduction the salt effects in the presence of water likely also play roles. Numerous ions detected from the frozen-hydrated cells were not detected from the freeze dried cells, however many of these ions were attributed to chemical combinations of water, salts and the ammonium acetate rinsing solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Robinson
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington 98195 Seattle, WAUSA, USA,
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43
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Thomas JP, Zhao L, Abd-Ellah M, Heinig NF, Leung KT. Interfacial Micropore Defect Formation in PEDOT:PSS-Si Hybrid Solar Cells Probed by TOF-SIMS 3D Chemical Imaging. Anal Chem 2013; 85:6840-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ac401084x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P. Thomas
- WATLab and Department of
Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Liyan Zhao
- WATLab and Department of
Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Marwa Abd-Ellah
- WATLab and Department of
Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Nina F. Heinig
- WATLab and Department of
Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - K. T. Leung
- WATLab and Department of
Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
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44
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Karam L, Jama C, Nuns N, Mamede AS, Dhulster P, Chihib NE. Nisin adsorption on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces: evidence of its interactions and antibacterial activity. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:377-85. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Layal Karam
- Laboratoire ProBioGEM, Polytech'Lille; Université Lille 1; Avenue Paul Langevin 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
- Laboratoire UMET, UMR-CNRS 8207, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille; Université Lille 1; Avenue Dimitri Mendeleïev 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Charafeddine Jama
- Laboratoire UMET, UMR-CNRS 8207, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille; Université Lille 1; Avenue Dimitri Mendeleïev 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Nicolas Nuns
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, UMR-CNRS 8181, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille; Université Lille 1; Avenue Dimitri Mendeleïev 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Anne-Sophie Mamede
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, UMR-CNRS 8181, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille; Université Lille 1; Avenue Dimitri Mendeleïev 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Pascal Dhulster
- Laboratoire ProBioGEM, Polytech'Lille; Université Lille 1; Avenue Paul Langevin 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Nour-Eddine Chihib
- Laboratoire ProBioGEM, Polytech'Lille; Université Lille 1; Avenue Paul Langevin 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
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45
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Cillero-Pastor B, Eijkel G, Kiss A, Blanco FJ, Heeren RMA. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry-based molecular distribution distinguishing healthy and osteoarthritic human cartilage. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8909-16. [PMID: 22950553 DOI: 10.1021/ac301853q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathology that ultimately causes joint destruction. The cartilage is one of the principal affected tissues. Alterations in the lipid mediators and an imbalance in the metabolism of cells that form the cartilage (chondrocytes) have been described as contributors to the OA development. In this study, we have studied the distribution of lipids and chemical elements in healthy and OA human cartilage. Time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) allows us to study the spatial distribution of molecules at a high resolution on a tissue section. TOF-SIMS revealed a specific peak profile that distinguishes healthy from OA cartilages. The spatial distribution of cholesterol-related peaks exhibited a remarkable difference between healthy and OA cartilages. A distinctive colocalization of cholesterol and other lipids in the superficial area of the cartilage was found. A higher intensity of oleic acid and other fatty acids in the OA cartilages exhibited a similar localization. On the other hand, CN(-) was observed with a higher intensity in the healthy samples. Finally, we observed an accumulation of calcium and phosphate ions exclusively in areas surrounding the chondrocyte in OA tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first time that TOF-SIMS revealed combined changes in the molecular distribution in the OA human cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Cillero-Pastor
- Biomolecular Imaging Mass Spectrometry (BIMS), FOM Institute AMOLF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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46
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Shard AG, Havelund R, Seah MP, Spencer SJ, Gilmore IS, Winograd N, Mao D, Miyayama T, Niehuis E, Rading D, Moellers R. Argon Cluster Ion Beams for Organic Depth Profiling: Results from a VAMAS Interlaboratory Study. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7865-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301567t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Shard
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United
Kingdom
| | - Rasmus Havelund
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United
Kingdom
| | - Martin P. Seah
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United
Kingdom
| | - Steve J. Spencer
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United
Kingdom
| | - Ian S. Gilmore
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United
Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Winograd
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry
Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Dan Mao
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry
Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | | | - Ewald Niehuis
- ION-TOF GmbH, Heisenbergstr.
15, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Derk Rading
- ION-TOF GmbH, Heisenbergstr.
15, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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Robinson MA, Graham DJ, Castner DG. ToF-SIMS depth profiling of cells: z-correction, 3D imaging, and sputter rate of individual NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4880-5. [PMID: 22530745 DOI: 10.1021/ac300480g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Proper display of three-dimensional time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) imaging data of complex, nonflat samples requires a correction of the data in the z-direction. Inaccuracies in displaying three-dimensional ToF-SIMS data arise from projecting data from a nonflat surface onto a 2D image plane, as well as possible variations in the sputter rate of the sample being probed. The current study builds on previous studies by creating software written in Matlab, the ZCorrectorGUI (available at http://mvsa.nb.uw.edu/), to apply the z-correction to entire 3D data sets. Three-dimensional image data sets were acquired from NIH/3T3 fibroblasts by collecting ToF-SIMS images, using a dual beam approach (25 keV Bi(3)(+) for analysis cycles and 20 keV C(60)(2+) for sputter cycles). The entire data cube was then corrected by using the new ZCorrectorGUI software, producing accurate chemical information from single cells in 3D. For the first time, a three-dimensional corrected view of a lipid-rich subcellular region, possibly the nuclear membrane, is presented. Additionally, the key assumption of a constant sputter rate throughout the data acquisition was tested by using ToF-SIMS and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis of the same cells. For the dried NIH/3T3 fibroblasts examined in this study, the sputter rate was found to not change appreciably in x, y, or z, and the cellular material was sputtered at a rate of approximately 10 nm per 1.25 × 10(13) ions C(60)(2+)/cm(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Robinson
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1750, United States
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