1
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Alanis K, Siwy ZS, Baker LA. Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy of Nafion-Modified Nanopores. JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 170:066510. [PMID: 38766570 PMCID: PMC11101168 DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/acdd29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Single nanopores in silicon nitride membranes are asymmetrically modified with Nafion and investigated with scanning ion conductance microscopy, where Nafion alters local ion concentrations at the nanopore. Effects of applied transmembrane potentials on local ion concentrations are examined, with the Nafion film providing a reservoir of cations in close proximity to the nanopore. Fluidic diodes based on ion concentration polarization are observed in the current-voltage response of the nanopore and in approach curves of SICM nanopipette in the vicinity of the nanopore. Experimental results are supported with finite element method simulations that detail ion depletion and enrichment of the nanopore/Nafion/nanopipette environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Alanis
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States of America
| | - Zuzanna S. Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States of America
| | - Lane A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States of America
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2
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Abstract
Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) has emerged as a versatile tool for studies of interfaces in biology and materials science with notable utility in biophysical and electrochemical measurements. The heart of the SICM is a nanometer-scale electrolyte filled glass pipette that serves as a scanning probe. In the initial conception, manipulations of ion currents through the tip of the pipette and appropriate positioning hardware provided a route to recording micro- and nanoscopic mapping of the topography of surfaces. Subsequent advances in instrumentation, probe design, and methods significantly increased opportunities for SICM beyond recording topography. Hybridization of SICM with coincident characterization techniques such as optical microscopy and faradaic electrodes have brought SICM to the forefront as a tool for nanoscale chemical measurement for a wide range of applications. Modern approaches to SICM realize an important tool in analytical, bioanalytical, biophysical, and materials measurements, where significant opportunities remain for further exploration. In this review, we chronicle the development of SICM from the perspective of both the development of instrumentation and methods and the breadth of measurements performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kaixiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Natasha P Siepser
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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3
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Automated measuring of mass transport through synthetic nanochannels functionalized with polyelectrolyte porous networks. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Venkatesh V, Heinemann C, Sundaresan VB. Surface-tracked scanning ion conductance microscopy: A novel imaging technique for measuring topography-correlated transmembrane ion transport through porous substrates. Micron 2019; 120:57-65. [PMID: 30776683 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ion transport through porous substrates is ubiquitous in biological and synthetic materials, and fundamental for chemical separation, drug delivery and bio-sensing. Contemporary imaging techniques for simultaneously characterizing topography and ion transport through porous substrates are limited in range and resolution. In this paper, we demonstrate 'surface-tracked scanning ion conductance microscopy' as a technique to image topography of a porous substrate and simultaneously measure voltage-driven transmembrane ion transport. This technique uses the principles of 'shear-force tracking' to image the surface of a polycarbonate track-etch membrane, and chronoamperometry to reconstruct topography-correlated transmembrane ion transport through the membrane at different transmembrane potentials. Spatial transmembrane transport through individual pores is modeled using Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (GHK) theory to examine the effects of shear-force modulation on magnitude of transmembrane currents recorded with a nanopipette. The modeled transmembrane current through the porous membrane is compared with experimental behavior, and discrepancies between predicted values and measured data are outlined. The proposed surface-tracked imaging mode allows for rapid assessment (approximately 7 s/μm2) of interfacial processes at the nanoscale and addresses a bottleneck for stable, large-area characterization of porous substrates using scanning ion conductance microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Venkatesh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, 201 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Christian Heinemann
- HEKA Elektronik Dr. Schulze GmbH, Wiesenstraße 71, Lambrecht, Pfalz, Germany
| | - Vishnu Baba Sundaresan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, 201 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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5
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Mapping Surface Charge of Individual Microdomains with Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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6
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Hagemann P, Gesper A, Happel P. Correlative Stimulated Emission Depletion and Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. ACS NANO 2018; 12:5807-5815. [PMID: 29791140 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Correlation microscopy combining fluorescence and scanning probe or electron microscopy is limited to fixed samples due to the sample preparation and nonphysiological imaging conditions required by most probe or electron microscopy techniques. Among the few scanning probe techniques that allow imaging of living cells under physiological conditions, scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) has been shown to be the technique that minimizes the impact on the investigated sample. However, combinations of SICM and fluorescence microscopy suffered from the mismatch in resolution due to the limited resolution of conventional light microscopy. In the last years, the diffraction limit of light microscopy has been circumvented by various techniques, one of which is stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Here, we aimed at demonstrating the combination of STED and SICM. We show that both methods allow recording a living cellular specimen and provide a SICM and STED image of the same sample, which allowed us to correlate the membrane surface topography and the distribution of the cytoskeletal protein actin. Our proof-of-concept study exemplifies the benefit of correlating SICM with a subdiffraction fluorescence method and might form the basis for the development of a combined instrument that would allow the simultaneous recording of subdiffraction fluorescence and topography information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hagemann
- Nanoscopy Group, RUBION , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150 , D-44801 , Bochum , Germany
| | - Astrid Gesper
- Nanoscopy Group, RUBION , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150 , D-44801 , Bochum , Germany
| | - Patrick Happel
- Nanoscopy Group, RUBION , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150 , D-44801 , Bochum , Germany
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7
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Zhang S, Li M, Su B, Shao Y. Fabrication and Use of Nanopipettes in Chemical Analysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2018; 11:265-286. [PMID: 29894227 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes progress in the fabrication, modification, characterization, and applications of nanopipettes since 2010. A brief history of nanopipettes is introduced, and the details of fabrication, modification, and characterization of nanopipettes are provided. Applications of nanopipettes in chemical analysis are the focus in several cases, including recent progress in imaging; in the study of single molecules, single nanoparticles, and single cells; in fundamental investigations of charge transfer (ion and electron) reactions at liquid/liquid interfaces; and as hyphenated techniques combined with other methods to study the mechanisms of complicated electrochemical reactions and to conduct bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Yuanhua Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
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8
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Page A, Perry D, Young P, Mitchell D, Frenguelli BG, Unwin PR. Fast Nanoscale Surface Charge Mapping with Pulsed-Potential Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10854-10859. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Page
- Department of Chemistry, ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, §School of Life Sciences, and ∥Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David Perry
- Department of Chemistry, ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, §School of Life Sciences, and ∥Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Young
- Department of Chemistry, ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, §School of Life Sciences, and ∥Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, §School of Life Sciences, and ∥Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno G. Frenguelli
- Department of Chemistry, ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, §School of Life Sciences, and ∥Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, §School of Life Sciences, and ∥Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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9
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Liu Y, Holzinger A, Knittel P, Poltorak L, Gamero-Quijano A, Rickard WDA, Walcarius A, Herzog G, Kranz C, Arrigan DWM. Visualization of Diffusion within Nanoarrays. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6689-95. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelika Holzinger
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee
11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Knittel
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee
11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukasz Poltorak
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l’Environnement (LCPME),
UMR 7564, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600 Villers-les-Nancy, France
| | - Alonso Gamero-Quijano
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l’Environnement (LCPME),
UMR 7564, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600 Villers-les-Nancy, France
| | | | - Alain Walcarius
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l’Environnement (LCPME),
UMR 7564, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600 Villers-les-Nancy, France
| | - Grégoire Herzog
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l’Environnement (LCPME),
UMR 7564, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600 Villers-les-Nancy, France
| | - Christine Kranz
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee
11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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10
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Han K, Heng L, Wen L, Jiang L. Biomimetic heterogeneous multiple ion channels: a honeycomb structure composite film generated by breath figures. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12318-12323. [PMID: 27270836 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02506d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We design a novel type of artificial multiple nanochannel system with remarkable ion rectification behavior via a facile breath figure (BF) method. Notably, even though the charge polarity in the channel wall reverses under different pH values, this nanofluidic device displays the same ionic rectification direction. Compared with traditional nanochannels, this composite multiple ion channel device can be more easily obtained and has directional ionic rectification advantages, which can be applied in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Han
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Liping Heng
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Liping Wen
- Chinese Acad Sci, Tech Inst Phys & Chem, Lab Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Sci, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
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11
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Characterization of tip size and geometry of the pipettes used in scanning ion conductance microscopy. Micron 2016; 83:11-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Momotenko D, McKelvey K, Kang M, Meloni GN, Unwin PR. Simultaneous Interfacial Reactivity and Topography Mapping with Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2838-46. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Momotenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Kim McKelvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel N. Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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13
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Gong Y, Renigunta V, Zhou Y, Sunq A, Wang J, Yang J, Renigunta A, Baker LA, Hou J. Biochemical and biophysical analyses of tight junction permeability made of claudin-16 and claudin-19 dimerization. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:4333-46. [PMID: 26446843 PMCID: PMC4666130 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-06-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive biochemical, biophysical, genetic, and electron microscopic analyses of claudin-16 and -19 interactions show how claudin interaction can influence tight junction permeability and tight junction architecture. The molecular nature of tight junction architecture and permeability is a long-standing mystery. Here, by comprehensive biochemical, biophysical, genetic, and electron microscopic analyses of claudin-16 and -19 interactions—two claudins that play key polygenic roles in fatal human renal disease, FHHNC—we found that 1) claudin-16 and -19 form a stable dimer through cis association of transmembrane domains 3 and 4; 2) mutations disrupting the claudin-16 and -19 cis interaction increase tight junction ultrastructural complexity but reduce tight junction permeability; and 3) no claudin hemichannel or heterotypic channel made of claudin-16 and -19 trans interaction can exist. These principles can be used to artificially alter tight junction permeabilities in various epithelia by manipulating selective claudin interactions. Our study also emphasizes the use of a novel recording approach based on scanning ion conductance microscopy to resolve tight junction permeabilities with submicrometer precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Gong
- Department of Internal Medicine-Renal Division, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110 Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | | | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Abby Sunq
- Department of Internal Medicine-Renal Division, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110 Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Renal Division, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110 Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Renal Division, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110 Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Aparna Renigunta
- University Children's Hospital, University of Marburg, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 )
| | - Jianghui Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine-Renal Division, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110 Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110 )
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14
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Şen M, Takahashi Y, Matsumae Y, Horiguchi Y, Kumatani A, Ino K, Shiku H, Matsue T. Improving the Electrochemical Imaging Sensitivity of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy-Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy by Using Electrochemical Pt Deposition. Anal Chem 2015; 87:3484-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Şen
- Graduate School
of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Takahashi
- Graduate School
of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Advanced Institute
for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsumae
- Graduate School
of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Horiguchi
- Graduate School
of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Akichika Kumatani
- Advanced Institute
for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School
of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School
of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsue
- Graduate School
of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Advanced Institute
for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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15
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Zhou Y, Bright L, Shi W, Aspinwall CA, Baker LA. Ion channel probes for scanning ion conductance microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:15351-5. [PMID: 25425190 PMCID: PMC4278694 DOI: 10.1021/la504097f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity and selectivity of ion channels provide an appealing opportunity for sensor development. Here, we describe ion channel probes (ICPs), which consist of multiple ion channels reconstituted into lipid bilayers suspended across the opening of perflourinated glass micropipets. When incorporated with a scanning ion conductance microscope (SICM), ICPs displayed a distance-dependent current response that depended on the number of ion channels in the membrane. With distance-dependent current as feedback, probes were translated laterally, to demonstrate the possibility of imaging with ICPs. The ICP platform yields several potential advantages for SICM that will enable exciting opportunities for incorporation of chemical information into imaging and for high-resolution imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Leonard
K. Bright
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Arizona, 1306 E. University
Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Wenqing Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Craig A. Aspinwall
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Arizona, 1306 E. University
Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Lane A. Baker
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- E-mail:
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16
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Zhou Y, Chen CC, Weber AE, Zhou L, Baker LA. Potentiometric-scanning ion conductance microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:5669-5675. [PMID: 24773406 DOI: 10.1021/la500911w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We detail the operation mechanism and instrumental limitations for potentiometric-scanning ion conductance microscopy (P-SICM). P-SICM makes use of a dual-barrel probe, where probe position is controlled by the current measured in one barrel and the potential is measured in a second barrel. Here we determine the interaction of these two barrels and resultant effects in quantitation of signals. Effects due to the size difference in pipet tip opening are examined and compared to model calculations. These results provide a basis for quantitation and image interpretation for P-SICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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17
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McKelvey K, Perry D, Byers JC, Colburn AW, Unwin PR. Bias Modulated Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Anal Chem 2014; 86:3639-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5003118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim McKelvey
- Department of Chemistry and ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David Perry
- Department of Chemistry and ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua C. Byers
- Department of Chemistry and ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alex W. Colburn
- Department of Chemistry and ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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18
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Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Wang P, Wang X. Biomimetic multifunctional nanochannels based on the asymmetric wettability of heterogeneous nanowire membranes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1071-1075. [PMID: 24282127 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A charged heterogeneous nanowire membrane with asymmetric wettability serves as a biomimetic passive channel when the bilayer is hydrophilic; It also functions as pH valve based on the hydrophobic CaWO4 layer (contact angle of 145.3˚±0.3˚) and hydrophilic MnO2 layer. Moreover, a reversible ionic rectification is realized in the above-mentioned semi-hydrophobic and hydrophilic state with strong acid environment or in the complete hydrophobic stage with a moderate discrepancy (CA of CaWO4 and MnO2 layer are 141.3˚±0.3˚ and 157.6˚±2.0˚, respectively) in near neuter condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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19
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Abstract
Here we review the recent applications of ion transfer (IT) at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) for electrochemical sensing and imaging. In particular, we focus on the development and recent applications of the nanopipet-supported ITIES and double-polymer-modified electrode, which enable the dynamic electrochemical measurements of IT at nanoscopic and macroscopic ITIES, respectively. High-quality IT voltammograms are obtainable using either technique to quantitatively assess the kinetics and dynamic mechanism of IT at the ITIES. Nanopipet-supported ITIES serves as an amperometric tip for scanning electrochemical microscopy to allow for unprecedentedly high-resolution electrochemical imaging. Voltammetric ion sensing at double-polymer-modified electrodes offers high sensitivity and unique multiple-ion selectivity. The promising future applications of these dynamic approaches for bioanalysis and electrochemical imaging are also discussed.
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20
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Zhou Y, Chen CC, Weber AE, Zhou L, Baker LA, Hou J. Potentiometric-scanning ion conductance microscopy for measurement at tight junctions. Tissue Barriers 2013; 1:e25585. [PMID: 24533255 PMCID: PMC3805658 DOI: 10.4161/tisb.25585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (SICM) has been developed originally for high-resolution imaging of topographic features. Recently, we have described a hybrid voltage scanning mode of SICM, termed Potentiometric-SICM (P-SICM) for recording transmembrane ionic conductance at specific nanostructures of synthetic and biological interfaces. With this technique, paracellular conductance through tight junctions – a subcellular structure that has been difficult to interrogate previously – has been realized. P-SICM utilizes a dual-barrel pipet to differentiate paracellular from transcellular transport processes with nanoscale spatial resolution. The unique combination of voltage scanning and topographic imaging enables P-SICM to capture paracellular conductance within a nominal radius of several hundred nanometers. This review summarizes recent advances in paracellular conductance recording with an emphasis on the P-SICM based approach, which is applied to detect claudin-2 mediated permeability changes at the tight junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Chiao-Chen Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Anna E Weber
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Lushan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Jianghui Hou
- Renal Division; Washington University Medical School; St. Louis, MO USA ; Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases; Washington University Medical School; St. Louis, MO USA
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Chen CC, Zhou Y, Morris CA, Hou J, Baker LA. Scanning ion conductance microscopy measurement of paracellular channel conductance in tight junctions. Anal Chem 2013; 85:3621-8. [PMID: 23421780 PMCID: PMC3648657 DOI: 10.1021/ac303441n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of epithelial transport across transcellular or paracellular pathways promises to advance the present understanding of ion transport and enables regulation of cell junctions critical to the cell and molecular biology of the epithelium. Here, we demonstrate a new instrumental technique, potentiometric scanning ion conductance microscopy (P-SICM), that utilizes a nanoscale pipet to differentiate paracellular and transcellular transport processes at high spatial resolution. The technique is validated for well-defined polymer membranes and then employed to study wild type and claudin-deficient mutants of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney strain II (MDCKII) cells. Paracellular permeabilities conferred by claudin-2 are captured by P-SICM which demonstrates the utility to monitor apparent conductance at subcellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Chen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Celeste A. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Jianghui Hou
- Renal Division, Washington University Medical School, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
- Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University Medical School, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Lane A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M. Oja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,
United States
| | - Marissa Wood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,
United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,
United States
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Abstract
Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is a scanning probe technique that utilizes the increase in access resistance that occurs if an electrolyte filled glass micro-pipette is approached towards a poorly conducting surface. Since an increase in resistance can be monitored before the physical contact between scanning probe tip and sample, this technique is particularly useful to investigate the topography of delicate samples such as living cells. SICM has shown its potential in various applications such as high resolution and long-time imaging of living cells or the determination of local changes in cellular volume. Furthermore, SICM has been combined with various techniques such as fluorescence microscopy or patch clamping to reveal localized information about proteins or protein functions. This review details the various advantages and pitfalls of SICM and provides an overview of the recent developments and applications of SICM in biological imaging. Furthermore, we show that in principle, a combination of SICM and ion selective micro-electrodes enables one to monitor the local ion activity surrounding a living cell.
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Shen M, Ishimatsu R, Kim J, Amemiya S. Quantitative imaging of ion transport through single nanopores by high-resolution scanning electrochemical microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9856-9. [PMID: 22655578 PMCID: PMC3380141 DOI: 10.1021/ja3023785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here we report on the unprecedentedly high resolution imaging of ion transport through single nanopores by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The quantitative SECM image of single nanopores allows for the determination of their structural properties, including their density, shape, and size, which are essential for understanding the permeability of the entire nanoporous membrane. Nanoscale spatial resolution was achieved by scanning a 17 nm radius pipet tip at a distance as low as 1.3 nm from a highly porous nanocrystalline silicon membrane in order to obtain the peak current response controlled by the nanopore-mediated diffusional transport of tetrabutylammonium ions to the nanopipet-supported liquid-liquid interface. A 280 nm × 500 nm image resolved 13 nanopores, which corresponds to a high density of 93 nanopores/μm(2). A finite element simulation of the SECM image was performed to assess quantitatively the spatial resolution limited by the tip diameter in resolving two adjacent pores and to determine the actual size of a nanopore, which was approximated as an elliptical cylinder with a depth of 30 nm and major and minor axes of 53 and 41 nm, respectively. These structural parameters were consistent with those determined by transmission electron microscopy, thereby confirming the reliability of quantitative SECM imaging at the nanoscale level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | | | - Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Shigeru Amemiya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
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