1
|
Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry: Developments and Applications for Enantioselective Analysis from 2011–2020. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134126. [PMID: 35807372 PMCID: PMC9268241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now more than 25 years since the first report of enantioselective analysis by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) appeared. This article reviews the power of chiral CE-MS in resolving issues on the use of chiral selector incompatibility with MS and poor detectability encountered for chiral compounds by UV detection. The review begins with the general principles, requirements, and critical aspects of chiral CE-MS instrumentation. Next, the review provides a survey of MS-compatible chiral selectors (CSs) reported during the past decade, and the key achievements encountered in the time period using these CSs. Within the context of the strategies used to combine CE and MS, special attention is paid to the approaches that feature partial filling technique, counter-migration techniques, and direct use of CS, such as molecular micelles. In particular, the development and application of moving and fixed CS for EKC-MS, MEKC-MS, and CEC-MS demonstrate how various chiral compounds analyses were solved in a simple and elegant way during the 2010–2020 review period. The most noteworthy applications in the determination of chiral compounds are critically examined. The operating analytical conditions are detailed in the Tables, and the authors provide commentary on future trends of chiral separations by CE-MS.
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu S, Wang Y, Chatterjee S, Liang F, Zhu F, Li H. Pillar[5]arene-functionalized nanochannel platform for detecting chiral drugs. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
3
|
Ma M, Du Y, Yang J, Feng Z, Ding W, Chen C. Gold nanoparticles-functionalized monolithic column for enantioseparation of eight basic chiral drugs by capillary electrochromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:178. [PMID: 32076848 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-co-(ethylene dimethacrylate) [poly(GMA-co-EDMA)] monoliths were prepared, and used as a support to attach gold nanoparticles (AuNP) via Au-S bond. Pepsin, acting as a chiral selector, was linked to the surface of the carboxyl-modified AuNP through a hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling reaction. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The pepsin@AuNP@poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monolith showed preferable enantioselectivity for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), chloroquine (CHQ), hydroxyzine (HXY), labetalol (LAB), nefopam (NEF), clenbuterol (CLE), amlodipine (AML) and chlorpheniramine (CHL) in capillary electrochromatography (CEC). These racemic drugs were monitored at the maximum absorption wavelength (220 nm for HXQ, CHQ, HXY, LAB, NEF; 240 nm for AML; 215 nm for CLE, CHL). In comparison with the pepsin@poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monolith loaded with 5 nm AuNP, the pepsin@poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monolith loaded with 13 nm AuNP shows significantly enhanced enantiomeric resolution (HCQ: 0.62 → 3.45; CHQ: 0.60 → 2.11; HXY: 0.49 → 2.30; LAB: 1.03 → 2.45, 1.45 → 3.46, 0 → 0.67; NEF: 0.53 → 1.29; CLE: 0.42 → 0.56; AML: 0 → 0.83; CHL: 0.24 → 0.55). Pepsin concentration, buffer pH value, buffer concentration and applied voltage were investigated in detail with (±) HCQ and (±) HXY as model analytes. The reproducibility of intra-day, inter-day and column-to-column were explored, and found to be satisfactory. Graphical abstractSchematic presentation of the preparation of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) modified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiangxia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Recent advances in preparation and applications of monolithic chiral stationary phases. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
5
|
Mansour FR, Waheed S, Paull B, Maya F. Porogens and porogen selection in the preparation of porous polymer monoliths. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:56-69. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fotouh R. Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyTanta University Tanta Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Services CenterFaculty of PharmacyTanta University Tanta Egypt
| | - Sidra Waheed
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Fernando Maya
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mao X, Liu L, Xiao F, Ni W, Cheng X. An innovative reversed-phase monolithic column modified with 4-vinylbiphenyl and ionic liquid stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02116g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A poly(VBP-co-EDMA-co-IL) monolithic column was used for electrochromatographic separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangju Mao
- Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources
- CAGS
- Zhengzhou 450006
- P. R. China
- China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals
| | - Lu Liu
- Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources
- CAGS
- Zhengzhou 450006
- P. R. China
- China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals
| | - Fang Xiao
- Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources
- CAGS
- Zhengzhou 450006
- P. R. China
- China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals
| | - Wenshan Ni
- Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources
- CAGS
- Zhengzhou 450006
- P. R. China
- China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals
| | - Xintao Cheng
- Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources
- CAGS
- Zhengzhou 450006
- P. R. China
- China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Feng W, Qiao J, Li D, Qi L. Chiral ligand exchange capillary electrochromatography with dual ligands for enantioseparation of D,L-amino acids. Talanta 2018; 194:430-436. [PMID: 30609554 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing block copolymers as coatings, a protocol of chiral ligand exchange capillary electrochromatography (CLE-CEC) protocol was designed and developed with dual ligands for D,L-amino acids enantioseparation. Four block copolymers including poly maleic anhydride-co-styrene-co-N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester [P(MAn-St-MAH)], poly maleic anhydride-co-styrene-co-N-methacryloyl-L-lysine methyl ester [P(MAn-St-MAL)], poly maleic anhydride-co-styrene-co-N-methacryloyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester [P(MAn-St-MAP)] and poly maleic anhydride-co-styrene-co-N-methacryloyl-L-threonine methyl ester [P(MAn-St-MAT)] were synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization reaction. Key factors affecting the enantioresolution were optimized, including the concentration of Zn (II) central ion, pH value of buffer solution and monomers of the block copolymers. The enantioresolution of the proposed CLE-CEC system could be enhanced dramatically by employing P(MAn-St-MAH) as the immobilized chiral ligand and by coordinating the synergistic effect of free ligand in buffer solution. The principle of improved enantioresolution of the CLE-CEC system with dual ligands was discussed. Well enantioseparation was successfully realized with 7 pairs of D,L-amino acids enantiomers baseline separation and 5 pairs part separation. For quantitative analysis of D,L-alanine, a good linearity was established in the range of 9.4 μM to 1.5 mM (r2 = 0.997) with the limits of detection (LODs) 3.7 μM of D-alanine, 2.0 μM for L-alanine, and limits of quantification (LOQs) 9.0 μM for D-alanine and 6.0 μM for L-alanine. The peak area and migration time reproducibility (n = 6) were 4.1% and 3.5% for D-alanine, 3.7% and 3.1% for L-alanine. Further, the enzyme kinetics study of alanine aminotransferase was investigated with the constructed CLE-CEC system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Zhongguancun Beiyijie, Beijing 100190, PR China; College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Juan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Zhongguancun Beiyijie, Beijing 100190, PR China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Li Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Zhongguancun Beiyijie, Beijing 100190, PR China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ruan M, Wang Q, Wu H, Wang Y, Han H, Jiang Z. Preparation and evaluation oftert-leucine derivative functionalized polymeric monoliths for micro-liquid chromatography. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:3020-3028. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ruan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Qiqin Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral research station; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Huihui Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Hai Han
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhengjin Jiang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research; Jinan University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Advances in monolithic silica columns for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Anal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-017-0125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
10
|
Xu S, Mo R, Jin C, Cui X, Bai R, Ji Y. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles incorporated hybrid monolithic stationary phase immobilized with pepsin for enantioseparation by capillary electrochromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:190-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Xu ZX, Ma YL, Lv GL. Homochiral coordination polymers with helixes and metal clusters based on lactate derivatives. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Xu ZX, Ma YL, Liu Y, Zhao HJ. Two Pairs of Homochiral Coordination Polymers with Helices Based on Semi-rigid Lactic Acid Ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Xuan Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Zunyi Normal College; 563002 Zunyi Guizhou P. R. China
| | - Yu-Lu Ma
- School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University; 650091 Kunming P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Zunyi Normal College; 563002 Zunyi Guizhou P. R. China
| | - Hua-Jun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Zunyi Normal College; 563002 Zunyi Guizhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Miao C, Bai R, Xu S, Hong T, Ji Y. Carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotube-functionalized chiral polymer monoliths for affinity capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1487:227-234. [PMID: 28117122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (c-SWNTs) were incorporated into poly(glycidylmethacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) [poly(GMA-co-EDMA)] monoliths to develop a novel monolithic stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography. The prepared monoliths were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption. Additionally, pepsin, which is a chiral selector, was bonded to the c-SWNT-incorporated monoliths via epoxide groups as reactive sites and glutaraldehyde as the spacer. The effects of the c-SWNT concentration on chiral separation were investigated, and the results suggested that the c-SWNTs played a significant role in improving the separation efficiency, although pepsin was the dominant element in determining the chiral recognition ability of the monolith. Moreover, the influences of buffer pH, operating voltage and sample volume were also studied with (±)-nefopam as a model drug. Under the optimized conditions, the pepsin-modified poly(GMA-c-SWNTs-EDMA) monolith exhibited excellent enantioseparation performance for ten pairs of basic chiral drugs and extended the scope of chiral separation of drug enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyue Miao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruihan Bai
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shujuan Xu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingting Hong
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Recent developments in cyclodextrin functionalized monolithic columns for the enantioseparation of chiral drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 130:110-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
15
|
Hong T, Yang X, Xu Y, Ji Y. Recent advances in the preparation and application of monolithic capillary columns in separation science. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 931:1-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
16
|
Liu Y, Shamsi SA. Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry: Developments and Applications in the Period 2010-2015: A Review. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1771-1786. [PMID: 27371855 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The sensitive detection of chiral compounds by capillary electrophoresis (CE) in biological samples remains a significant challenge and is currently considered a bottleneck in many chiral analysis projects. Chiral CE-MS can significantly improve the limit of detection and provide high sensitivity compared with chiral CE-UV. Chiral selectors such as modified cyclodextrins (CDs) and polymeric surfactants (a.k.a. molecular micelles, MoMs) in electrokinetic chromatography (EKC), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) have been developed to address the need for high sensitivity by CE-MS. However, several problems remain to be investigated to fully understand the potential of these hyphenation modes. This review provides introduction to major chiral CE-MS modes for the novice and highlights the important working principles of each mode of chiral CE-MS. Next, recent practical developments and progress in chiral CE-MS dating from January 2010 to September 2015 are described. The achievements in clinical and biomedical sciences using a variety of chiral selectors such as CDs and MoMs in EKC-MS, MEKC-MS and CEC-MS are discussed. Finally, conclusions and future prospects of CE-MS in chiral analysis are drafted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Shahab A Shamsi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang J, Wu F, Xia R, Zhao Q, Lin X, Xie Z. Rapid fabrication of ionic liquid-functionalized monolithic column via in-situ urea-formaldehyde polycondensation for pressurized capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1449:100-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
18
|
Guo J, Xiao Y, Lin Y, Zhang Q, Chang Y, Crommen J, Jiang Z. Influence of the linking spacer length and type on the enantioseparation ability of β-cyclodextrin functionalized monoliths. Talanta 2016; 152:259-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
19
|
Moravcová D, Rantamäki AH, Duša F, Wiedmer SK. Monoliths in capillary electrochromatography and capillary liquid chromatography in conjunction with mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:880-912. [PMID: 26800083 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we have reviewed separation studies utilizing monolithic capillary columns for separation of compounds preceding MS analysis. The review is divided in two parts according to the used separation method, namely CEC and capillary LC (cLC). Based on our overview, monolithic CEC-MS technique have been more focused on the syntheses of highly specialized and selective separation phase materials for fast and efficient separation of specific types of analytes. In contrast, monolithic cLC-MS is more widely used and is often employed, for instance, in the analysis of oligonucleotides, metabolites, and peptides and proteins in proteomic studies. While poly(styrene-divinylbenzene)-based and silica-based monolithic capillaries found their place in proteomic analyses, the other laboratory-synthesized monoliths still wait for their wider utilization in routine analyses. The development of new monolithic materials will most likely continue due to the demand of more efficient and rapid separation of increasingly complex samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Moravcová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Filip Duša
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bouchal R, Hamel A, Hesemann P, In M, Prelot B, Zajac J. Micellization Behavior of Long-Chain Substituted Alkylguanidinium Surfactants. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:223. [PMID: 26861309 PMCID: PMC4783955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface activity and micelle formation of alkylguanidinium chlorides containing 10, 12, 14 and 16 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic tail were studied by combining conductivity and surface tension measurements with isothermal titration calorimetry. The purity of the resulting surfactants, their temperatures of Cr→LC and LC→I transitions, as well as their propensity of forming birefringent phases, were assessed based on the results of ¹H and (13)C NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and polarizing microscopy studies. Whenever possible, the resulting values of Krafft temperature (TK), critical micelle concentration (CMC), minimum surface tension above the CMC, chloride counter-ion binding to the micelle, and the standard enthalpy of micelle formation per mole of surfactant (ΔmicH°) were compared to those characterizing alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides or bromides with the same tail lengths. The value of TK ranged between 292 and 314 K and increased strongly with the increase in the chain length of the hydrophobic tail. Micellization was described as both entropy and enthalpy-driven. Based on the direct calorimetry measurements, the general trends in the CMC with the temperature, hydrophobic tail length, and NaCl addition were found to be similar to those of other types of cationic surfactants. The particularly exothermic character of micellization was ascribed to the hydrogen-binding capacity of the guanidinium head-group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roza Bouchal
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Abdellah Hamel
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
- Department of Chemistry, University Badji-Mokhtar, BP12 Annaba, Algeria.
| | - Peter Hesemann
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Martin In
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, UMR 5221 CNRS-UM, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Bénédicte Prelot
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Jerzy Zajac
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen L, Ou J, Liu Z, Lin H, Wang H, Dong J, Zou H. Fast preparation of a highly efficient organic monolith via photo-initiated thiol-ene click polymerization for capillary liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1394:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Li N, Shen Y, Qi L, Li Z, Qiao J, Chen Y. Preparation of an amino acid-based polymer monolith for trimodal liquid chromatography. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A versatile method for preparing a trimodal polymer monolith was proposed by direct copolymerization of amino acid-based monomer and methylenebisacrylamide. Moreover, separation of a protein mixture could be achieved on the resultant monolith.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Yong Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Li Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Zhibo Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Juan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Yi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 100190 Beijing
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li W, Wang B, Yang W, Deng J. Chiral Monolithic Absorbent Constructed by Optically Active Helical-Substituted Polyacetylene and Graphene Oxide: Preparation and Chiral Absorption Capacity. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 36:319-26. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ma Y, Zhang H, Chen H, Chen X. Recent developments in chiral analysis of β-blocker drugs by capillary electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3345-54. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Huige Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Lanzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu C, Deng Q, Fang G, Feng X, Qian H, Wang S. Facile preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid polymeric ionic liquid monolithic column with a one-pot process for protein separation in capillary electrochromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7175-83. [PMID: 25277101 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An organic-inorganic hybrid monolithic column based on 1-vinyl-3-dodecylimidazolium bromide (VC12Im(+)Br(-)) has been prepared in a single step by combining radical copolymerization with a non-hydrolytic sol-gel (NHSG) process. The NHSG process was significantly shortened to 6 h by using formic acid as catalyst. For comparison, we also prepared polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) monolithic columns by hydrolytic sol-gel and organic polymeric process, respectively. The resulting monolithic columns were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. Under the capillary electrochromatography mode, these columns were applied to separate alkylbenzenes, anilines, and proteins, respectively. The results indicated that the NHSG-based hybrid PIL monolithic column exhibited the highest column efficiency among the three types of columns; organic solvent, commonly required by the traditional columns to achieve satisfactory separation efficiency for proteins, was absent in the NHSG-based hybrid PIL monolithic column because of the biocompatibility of the VC12Im(+)Br(-), which was beneficial to analysis of protein containing samples. In order to demonstrate its application potential, the developed NHSG-based hybrid PIL monolithic column was also employed to separate egg white sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hong T, Chi C, Ji Y. Pepsin-modified chiral monolithic column for affinity capillary electrochromatography. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3377-83. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hong
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance; Ministry of Education; Nanjing China
| | - Cuijie Chi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance; Ministry of Education; Nanjing China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance; Ministry of Education; Nanjing China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liang RP, Wang XN, Wang L, Qiu JD. Enantiomeric separation by microchip electrophoresis using bovine serum albumin conjugated magnetic core-shell Fe3 O4 @Au nanocomposites as stationary phase. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2824-32. [PMID: 25042461 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a novel enantioselective MCE was developed employing BSA-conjugated Fe3 O4 @Au nanoparticles (Fe3 O4 @Au NPs) as stationary phase. Fe3 O4 @Au NPs with high magnetic responsively, excellent solubility, and high dispersibility in water were prepared through a sonochemical synthesis strategy. BSA was then immobilized onto the Fe3 O4 @Au NPs surfaces through the well-developed interaction between Au NPs and amine groups of BSA to form Fe3 O4 @Au NPs-BSA conjugates, which were then locally packed into PDMS microchannels with the help of magnets. The resultant Fe3 O4 @Au NPs-BSA conjugates not only have the magnetism of Fe3 O4 NPs that make them easily manipulated by an external magnetic field, but also have the larger surface and excellent biocompatibility of Au shell, which can incorporate much more biomolecules and well maintain their biological activity. In addition, the successful BSA decorations endowed Fe3 O4 @Au NPs-BSA conjugates with pH-tunable water solubility related to the pI of BSA (pI 4.7) and led to enhanced stability against high ionic strength. Compared with the native PDMS microchannel, the modified surfaces exhibited more stable and suppressed electroosmotic mobility, and less nonspecific adsorption toward analytes. Successful separation of chiral amino acids (tryptophan and threonine) and ofloxacin enantiomers demonstrate that the constructed MCE columns own ideal enantioselectivity. The results are expected to open up a new possibility for high-throughput screening of enantiomers with protein targets as well as a new application of magnetic NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ping Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Preparation and evaluation of a novel monolithic column containing double octadecyl chains for reverse-phase micro high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1345:174-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
29
|
Vinylbenzyl quaternary ammonium-based polymeric monolith with hydrophilic interaction/strong anion exchange mixed-mode for pressurized capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1316:104-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
30
|
Poinsot V, Ong-Meang V, Gavard P, Couderc F. Recent advances in amino acid analysis by capillary electromigration methods, 2011-2013. Electrophoresis 2013; 35:50-68. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Véréna Poinsot
- Laboratoire des IMRCP; Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | | | - Pierre Gavard
- Laboratoire des IMRCP; Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - François Couderc
- Laboratoire des IMRCP; Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Huang R, Wang D, Liu S, Guo L, Wang F, Lin Z, Qiu B, Chen G. Preparative separation of enantiomers based on functional nucleic acids modified gold nanoparticles. Chirality 2013; 25:751-6. [PMID: 23846867 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The preparative-scale separation of chiral compounds is vitally important for the pharmaceutical industry and related fields. Herein we report a simple approach for rapid preparative separation of enantiomers using functional nucleic acids modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The separation of DL-tryptophan (DL-Trp) is demonstrated as an example to show the feasibility of the approach. AuNPs modified with enantioselective aptamers were added into a racemic mixture of DL -Trp. The aptamer-specific enantiomer (L-Trp) binds to the AuNPs surface through aptamer-L-Trp interaction. The separation of DL-Trp is then simply accomplished by centrifugation: the precipitate containing L-Trp bounded AuNPs is separated from the solution, while the D-Trp remains in the supernatant. The precipitate is then redispersed in water. The aptamer is denatured under 95 °C and a second centrifugation is then performed, resulting in the separation of AuNPs and L-Trp. The supernatant is finally collected to obtain pure L-Trp in water. The results show that the racemic mixture of DL-Trp is completely separated into D-Trp and L-Trp, respectively, after 5 rounds of repeated addition of fresh aptamer-modified AuNPs to the DL-Trp mixture solution. Additionally, the aptamer-modified AuNPs can be repeatedly used for at least eight times without significant loss of its binding ability because the aptamer can be easily denatured and renatured in relatively mild conditions. The proposed approach could be scaled up and extended to the separation of other enantiomers by the adoption of other enantioselective aptamers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety (Fuzhou University), and Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Electroneutral silica-based hybrid monolith for hydrophilic interaction capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1260:174-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|