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Yin P, Wang Q, Li S, Hao L, Wang C, Wang Z, Wu Q. One-step preparation of carboxyl-functionalized porous organic polymer as sorbent for enrichment of phenols in bottled water, juice and honey samples. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1714:464568. [PMID: 38086188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a novel carboxyl-functionalized porous organic polymer (COOH-POP) was prepared as sorbent. Due to multiple hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions between COOH-POP and phenols, COOH-POP shows good enrichment ability and very fast adsorption rate for phenols. Then, an analytical method was developed for determination of five phenols (2-chlorophenol, bisphenol A, 2,6-dichlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and p-tert-butylphenol) in bottled water, lemon juice, peach juice and honey samples using COOH-POP as solid phase extraction sorbent in combination with high performance liquid chromatography. Under optimal conditions, the COOH-POP based method gave the detection limits (S/N = 3) of 0.02-0.10 ng mL-1 for bottled water, 0.03-0.12 ng mL-1 for lemon juice, 0.03-0.25 ng mL-1 for peach juice and 0.7-1.5 ng g-1 for honey samples. The recoveries for spiked samples ranged from 84.0 % to 119.0 % with relative standard deviation less than 7.6 %. This study provides a new yet effective method for enrichment of phenols by designing carboxyl-functionalized porous organic polymer as sorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Yin
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Shuofeng Li
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Lin Hao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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Rao Pasupuleti R, Wang ZF, Ya WJ, Kuo CA, Chao YY, Huang YL. Extraction and Detection of Chlorophenols in Water Samples Using Deep Eutectic Solvent-based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Coupled with HPLC-UV. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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3
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Li W, Lu HT, Doblin MS, Bacic A, Stevens GW, Mumford KA. A solvent loss study for the application of solvent extraction processes in the pharmaceutical industry. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Wang J, Xie G, Qi X, Ming R, Zhang B, Lu H. Kinetics of pentachlorophenol co-metabolism removal by micro-aeration sequencing batch reactor process. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-1022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Saigl ZM. Sorption behavior of selected chlorophenols onto polyurethane foam treated with iron(III): kinetics and thermodynamic study. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:748. [PMID: 33151456 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, selective, and inexpensive method for complete elimination of chlorophenols (CPs) from water has been established. The proposed procedure was based upon the use of n-tributyl phosphate (TBP)-plasticized iron(III) physically immobilized polyurethane foam (PUF) solid sorbent for complete removal of CPs from aqueous media at pH close to 0. The interaction of the complex ion [Fe(C6H5O)6]3- with protonated ether oxygen of the PUF sorbent forms ternary ion associate on/in the PUFs. The retention of 4-chlorophenol (4-C) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) by the TBP-treated iron(III)-immobilized PUF fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a rate constant (k) of 0.04 and 0.15 g (mg min)-1, respectively. The sorption of 4-CP was endothermic whereas the uptake of TCP was favorable at low temperature approving the exothermic and non-spontaneous characteristics of its uptake. The ΔS value for 4-CP reveals good affinity of the ion [Fe(C6H5O)6]3- towards the PUF sorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Saigl
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Harris KJ, Subbiah S, Tabatabai M, Archibong AE, Singh KP, Anderson TA, Adunyah SE, Ramesh A. Pressurized liquid extraction followed by liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry for the determination of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites in liver tissue of an animal model of colon cancer. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1622:461126. [PMID: 32376019 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since metabolism is implicated in the carcinogenesis of toxicants, an efficient extraction method together with an analytical method is warranted to quantify tissue burdens of a carcinogen and/or its metabolites. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate a pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method for measuring metabolites of benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P; a food-borne carcinogen] from tissue samples. The sample extraction was performed separately by PLE and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). PLE followed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to online fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) was used to quantify separated analytes; and by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-APCI-MS/MS) were used for confirmation purposes. The UHPLC-MS/MS was set-up in the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) positive interface with selective reaction monitoring (SRM). The analytical performance characteristics of the PLE technique was assessed at different temperatures, pressure, number of cycles and solvent types. A methanol + chloroform + water mixture (30:15:10, v/v/v) yielded greater recoveries at an extraction temperature range of 60-80°C, pressure of 10 MPa and an extraction time of 10 min. The PLE method was validated by the analysis of spiked tissue samples and measuring recoveries and limits of quantitation for the analytes of interest using HPLC-FLD equipment. The optimized PLE-HPLC-FLD method was used to quantify the concentrations of B(a)P metabolites in liver samples obtained from a colon cancer animal model. Overall, PLE performed better in terms of extraction efficiency, recovery of B(a)P metabolites and shortened sample preparation time when compared with the classic LLE method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Seenivasan Subbiah
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mohammad Tabatabai
- School of Graduate Studies & Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Anthony E Archibong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Kamaleshwar P Singh
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Todd A Anderson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Samuel E Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Aramandla Ramesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208, USA.
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Xu J, Zhu G, Zhang H, Liu J, Jiang K. Differentiation of isomeric cresols by silylation in combination with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8576. [PMID: 31498942 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE m-Cresol is listed as a priority controlled contaminant in many countries, but it is very difficult to accurately determine isomeric cresols due to their incomplete chromatographic separation on commercially available chromatographic columns and their nearly identical mass spectra. METHODS Silylation of isomeric cresols was carried out by treatment with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. The formed trimethyl(tolyloxy)silanes were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Theoretical calculations were carried out with the Gaussian 03 program using the density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(2d,p) level. RESULTS The derivatives of three isomeric cresols and six isomeric xylenols have been completely separated on an HP-5MS capillary column within a GC run of only 10 minutes. In addition, the derivative o-cresol can be very easily differentiated from its isomers due to its characteristic base peak ion at m/z 91 in electron ionization (EI)-MS. DFT calculation results indicated that the formation of the abundant fragment ion at m/z 91 is attributed to a facile dissociation pathway involving the shift of a neighboring phenylmethyl hydrogen atom in EI-MS of trimethyl(o-tolyloxy)silane. CONCLUSIONS Silylation provides a promising solution for simultaneous determination of isomeric cresols and isomeric xylenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Guohua Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Huarong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Zhejiang Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Kezhi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
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Kadmi Y, Favier L, Yehya T, Soutrel I, Simion AI, Vial C, Wolbert D. Controlling contamination for determination of ultra-trace levels of priority pollutants chlorophenols in environmental water matrices. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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9
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A nanosized magnetic metal-organic framework of type MIL-53(Fe) as an efficient sorbent for coextraction of phenols and anilines prior to their quantitation by HPLC. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:597. [PMID: 31375929 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe the synthesis of a magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF) of type MIL-53(Fe) for coextraction of phenols and anilines from various environmental samples. A quick method for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) was developed for coextraction of the analytes 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 4-chloroaniline (4-CA), 1-amino-2-naphtol (1-A2N) and 2, 4-dichloroaniline (2, 4-DCA). The MOF was characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, EDS, thermogravimetry, VSM and XRD. The method was optimized by response surface methodology combined with desirability function approach, specifically with respect to pH value of the sample, amount of sorbent, sorption time, salt concentration, sample volume, type and volume of the eluent, and elution time. Following elution with acetonitrile, the analytes were quantified by HPLC with photodiode array detection. Responses are linear in 0.1-2000 μg·L-1 concentration ranges. The limits of detection and relative standard deviations (for n = 5) are in the range of 0.03-0.2 μg·L-1 and 3.5-12.6%, respectively. Enrichment factors are 113, 61, 87, 144 and 114 for 4-NP, 4-CP, 4-CA, 1-A2N and 2,4-DCA, respectively. Recoveries from spiked samples ranged from 39.5 to 93.3%. The magnetic sorbent was successfully applied to the coextraction and determination of the analytes in river, rain and hookah water samples. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation for the synthesis of (a) Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and (b) Fe3O4@MIL-53(Fe). Fe3O4@MIL-53(Fe) was employed as a new nanosorbent in dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of phenols and anilines. The limits of detection are in the range of 0.03-0.2 μg·L-1.
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Shi L, Wang J, Feng J, Zhao S, Wang Z, Tao H, Liu S. Determination of chlorophenols in water using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with water-in-oil microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography in normal stacking mode. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2662-2670. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludi Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Jin Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Jing Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Sihan Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Zhengmeng Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Hu Tao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Shuhui Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
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11
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Recent Advances in the Combination of Assisted Extraction Techniques. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Sadri M, Vatani H. Ionic Liquid-Mediated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Polydimethylsiloxane Fiber for Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Phenolic Compounds in Aqueous Samples by Gas Chromatography Coupled to Flame Ionization Detector. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 55:174-181. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Babaee S, Daneshfar A. Extraction of phenolic compounds from water samples by dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2508-16. [PMID: 27136047 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this article, the use of magnetically separable sorbent polyaniline/silica-coated nickel nanoparticles is evaluated under a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction approach for the extraction of phenolic compounds from water samples. The sorbent was prepared by in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of silica-modified nickel nanoparticles and was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and vibrating sample magnetometry. Effective variables such as amount of sorbent (milligrams), pH and ionic strength of sample solution, volume of eluent solvent (microliters), vortex, and ultrasonic times (minutes) were investigated by fractional factorial design. The significant variables optimized by a Box-Behnken design were combined by a desirability function. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration graphs of analytes were linear in a concentration range of 0.02-100 μg/mL, and with correlation coefficients more than 0.999. The limits of detection and quantification were in the ranges of 10-23 and 33-77 μg/L, respectively. This procedure was successfully employed in the determination of target analytes in spiked water samples; the relative mean recoveries ranged from 96 to 105%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Babaee
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ali Daneshfar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
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Asiabi H, Yamini Y, Shamsayei M. Determination of ultra-trace amounts of chlorophenols in rain, tap and river water by an electrochemically controlled in-tube solid phase microextraction method. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13768g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A nanostructured copolymer coating consisting of PPy doped with Naf was electrochemically synthesized on the inner surface of a stainless steel capillary tube. It was utilized to extract trace pollutants from water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Asiabi
- Department of Chemistry
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Tehran
- Iran
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Yang F, Li Z, Bian Z, Wang Y, Fan Z, Liu S, Zhang H, Tang G. An Environmentally Friendly Method for the Determination of Pentachlorophenol in Paper Packaging Materials Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Micellar Extraction. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1808-12. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Fan C, Li N, Cao X. Determination of chlorophenols in honey samples using in-situ ionic liquid-dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction as a pretreatment method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2015; 174:446-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Yuan K, Kang H, Yue Z, Yang L, Lin L, Wang X, Luan T. Determination of 13 endocrine disrupting chemicals in sediments by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using subcritical water extraction coupled with dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction and derivatization. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 866:41-47. [PMID: 25732691 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a sample pretreatment method was developed for the determination of 13 endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in sediment samples based on the combination of subcritical water extraction (SWE) and dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). The subcritical water that provided by accelerated solvent extractor (ASE) was the sample solution (water) for the following DLLME and the soluble organic modifier that spiked in the subcritical water was also used as the disperser solvent for DLLME in succession. Thus, several important parameters that affected both SWE and DLLME were investigated, such as the extraction solvent for DLLME (chlorobenzene), extraction time for DLLME (30s), selection of organic modifier for SWE (acetone), volume of organic modifier (10%) and extraction temperature for SWE (150 °C). In addition, good chromatographic behavior was achieved for GC-MS after derivatisation by using N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA). As a result, proposed method sensitive and reliable with the limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.006 ng g(-1) (BPA) to 0.639 ng g(-1) (19-norethisterone) and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 1.5% (E2) and 15.0% (DES). Moreover, the proposed method was compared with direct ASE extraction that reported previously, and the results showed that SWE-DLLME was more promising with recoveries ranging from 42.3% (dienestrol) to 131.3% (4,5α-dihydrotestosterone), except for diethylstilbestrol (15.0%) and nonylphenols (29.8%). The proposed method was then successfully applied to determine 13 EDCs sediment of Humen outlet of the Pearl River, 12 of target compounds could be detected, and 10 could be quantitative analysis with the total concentration being 39.6 ng g(-1), and which indicated that the sediment of Humen outlet was heavily contaminated by EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Haining Kang
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Yue
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, PR China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Tiangang Luan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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Gao Z, Deng Y, Yuan W, He H, Yang S, Sun C. Determination of organophosphorus flame retardants in fish by pressurized liquid extraction using aqueous solutions and solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-flame photometric detector. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1366:31-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Amine-functional magnetic polymer modified graphene oxide as magnetic solid-phase extraction materials combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for chlorophenols analysis in environmental water. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1362:34-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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In situ derivatization combined to automated microextraction by packed sorbents for the determination of chlorophenols in soil samples by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1359:52-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Direct analysis of eight chlorophenols in urine by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography with multiple wavelength ultraviolet detection. Talanta 2014; 119:396-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Yang H, Mengen G, Matsumoto Y, Tezuka M. Degradation of monofluorophenols in water irradiated with gaseous plasma. J Environ Sci (China) 2013; 25 Suppl 1:S180-S185. [PMID: 25078826 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(14)60652-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Decomposition of aqueous monofluorophenols (MFPs) was investigated by contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE). During CGDE, both MFPs and the corresponding total organic carbon (TOC) in water were consumed smoothly, suggesting that carbon atoms of benzene nucleus could be eventually mineralized to inorganic carbon (IC). And all the fluorine atoms in the MFPs were equally converted to fluoride ions. Based on the primary intermediates from each starting materials, it showed that aromatic hydroxylation preferentially occurred at the para- or ortho- position to the phenolic OH group of each MFPs. The disappearance of both MFPs and TOC followed the first-order rate law. The apparent rate constants for the decay of MFPs were independent from the pKa values of MFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Yang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 3690293, Japan.
| | - Giya Mengen
- Graduate School of Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 3690293, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 3690293, Japan
| | - Meguru Tezuka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 3690293, Japan.
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Lin H, Wang J, Zeng L, Li G, Sha Y, Wu D, Liu B. Development of solvent micro-extraction combined with derivatization. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1296:235-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Yang H, An B, Wang S, Li L, Jin W, Li L. Destruction of 4-phenolsulfonic acid in water by anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis. J Environ Sci (China) 2013; 25:1063-1070. [PMID: 24191593 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Destruction of 4-phenolsulfonic acid (4-PSA) in water was carried out using anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis. Accompanying the decay of 4-PSA, the amount of total organic carbon (TOC) in water correspondingly decreased, while the sulfonate group of 4-PSA was released as sulfate ion. Oxalate and formate were obtained as minor by-products. Additionally, phenol, 1,4-hydroquinone, hydroxyquinol and 1,4-benzoquinone were detected as primary intermediates in the initial stages of decomposition of 4-PSA. A reaction pathway involving successive attacks of hydroxyl and hydrogen radicals was assumed on the basis of the observed products and kinetics. It was revealed that the decay of both 4-PSA and TOC obeyed a first-order rate law. The effects of different Fe ions and initial concentrations of 4-PSA on the degradation rate were investigated. It was found that the presence of Fe ions could increase the degradation rate of 4-PSA, while initial concentrations lower than 80 mmol/L had no significant effect on kinetic behaviour. The disappearance rate of 4-PSA was significantly affected by pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114044, China.
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25
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Wang G, Grathwohl P. Isosteric heats of sorption and desorption of phenanthrene in soils and carbonaceous materials. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 175:110-116. [PMID: 23369754 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Isosteric heats (ΔH) of sorption/desorption of phenanthrene were determined for carbonaceous materials (Pahokee peat, lignite, and high-volatile bituminous coal) and two soils based on reported equilibrium sorption/desorption isotherms at four different temperatures (4, 20, 46 and 77 °C). In addition, ΔH for desorption of native phenanthrene was determined to elucidate the "aging" effect by equilibrating samples with water at six temperatures (20, 40, 53, 61, 73, and 86 °C). Isosteric heats decreased with increasing solute concentration and were in a range of 19-35 kJ mol(-1). Values higher than the heat of octanol-water phase transfer for phenanthrene (19 kJ mol(-1)) imply that both partitioning and adsorption processes are involved for these materials, where the sorptive contributions from both processes were estimated based on the phenanthrene thermodynamic data. Moreover, on the basis of ΔH values of desorption, release of native and spiked phenanthrene from our samples was similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Wang
- Center for Applied Geoscience, University Tübingen, Hölderlinstr. 12, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
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26
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Wang X, Lin L, Luan T, Yang L, Tam NF. Determination of hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment samples by combining subcritical water extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with derivatization. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 753:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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Head space voltammetry: A novel voltammetric method for volatile organics and a case study for phenol. Talanta 2012; 98:34-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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de Morais P, Stoichev T, Basto MCP, Vasconcelos MTS. Extraction and preconcentration techniques for chromatographic determination of chlorophenols in environmental and food samples. Talanta 2012; 89:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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WANG L, ZHU H, SUN YT, XU YJ, WANG QW, YAN YS. Determination of Trace Chlorophenols Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Water Sample Using [Bmim]BF4-NaH2PO4 Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction System Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(10)60437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Feng YD, Tan ZQ, Liu JF. Development of a static and exhaustive extraction procedure for field passive preconcentration of chlorophenols in environmental waters with hollow fiber-supported liquid membrane. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:965-70. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Zhou Q, Gao Y, Xiao J, Xie G. Sensitive determination of phenols from samples by temperature-controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid-phase microextraction. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2011; 3:653-658. [PMID: 32938086 DOI: 10.1039/c0ay00619j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper established a new determination method for phenols using temperature-controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid-phase microextraction prior to high-performance liquid chromatography. In this experiment, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8MIM][PF6]) was employed as the extraction solvent for the enrichment of 2-chlorophenol, 2-naphthol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4-dichlorophenol. Parameters that may affect the extraction efficiency including the volume of [C8MIM][PF6], dissoluble temperature, extraction time, sample pH, amount of ethanol, centrifugation time and salting-out effect have been investigated in detail. Under the optimal conditions, they have good linear relationships over the concentration range of 1.0-100 ng mL-1 for 2-chlorophenol, 2-naphthol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 1.5-150 ng mL-1 for 2,4-dichlorophenol, and excellent detection sensitivity with limits of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) in the range of 0.27-0.68 μg L-1. Intra day and inter day precisions of the proposed method (RSDs, n = 6) were 2.1-3.7% and 5.1-7.2%, respectively. The proposed method has been successfully applied to analyze real water samples spiked with two different concentrations and good spiked recoveries over the range of 85.8-117.0% were obtained. These results indicated that the proposed method would be competitive in the analysis of phenols in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Henan Normal University, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
- State Laboratory of Petroeum Resource and Prospecting, College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing Capmus(CUP), Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Henan Normal University, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
| | - Junping Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guohong Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
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32
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Yang H, Tezuka M. Mineralization of aqueous pentachlorophenolate by anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis. J Environ Sci (China) 2011; 23:1044-1049. [PMID: 22066230 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Exhaustive mineralization of pentachlorophenolate ion (PCP) in phosphate buffer was carried out using anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE), in which plasma was sustained between the electrolyte and anode. During CGDE, PCP degraded smoothly. The amount of total organic carbon decreased significantly, indicating the eventual conversion of the carbon atoms of benzene nucleus to inorganic carbons. Furthermore, chlorine atoms in PCP were liberated as chloride ions. As a primary intermediate product, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone was detected, and oxalate and formate as byproducts were also found. It was revealed that disappearance of PCP obeyed first-order kinetics. The reaction rate was generally unaffected by both O2 and inert gases in the cell, although it decreased by raising initial pH of solution. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway involving hydroxyl radical was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Yang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan.
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33
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Xu X, Li L, Zhong W, He Y. Rapid GC-MS Analysis of Pesticide Residues Using Analyte Protectants. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710903243646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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García-López M, Rodríguez I, Cela R. Pressurized liquid extraction of organophosphate triesters from sediment samples using aqueous solutions. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:6986-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Pavón JLP, Martín SH, Pinto CG, Cordero BM. Programmed temperature vaporizer based method for the sensitive determination of trihalomethanes and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in soils. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:6063-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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37
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Xu XL, Li L, Zhong WK, He YJ. Multi-Residue Analysis of 205 Crop Pesticides Using Mini-Solid Phase Extraction–Large Volume Injection–GC–MS. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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38
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Yang H, Matsumoto Y, Tezuka M. Exhaustive breakdown of aqueous monochlorophenols by contact glow discharge electrolysis. J Environ Sci (China) 2009; 21 Suppl 1:S142-S145. [PMID: 25084414 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous monochlorophenols were degraded by contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE), in which plasma was generated in a localized zone between an electrolytic solution and an anode. With the decay of monochlorophenols, the amount of total organic carbon (TOC) also decreased smoothly, indicating that carbon atoms of benzene nucleus could be eventually converted to inorganic carbons. Meanwhile, it was also clarified that chlorine atoms in the organics were liberated as chloride ions. In addition, it was revealed that the disappearance of monochlorophenols obeyed the first-order rate law, depending on the isomeric structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Yang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan.
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39
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Tölgyessy P, Vrana B, Bartal M, Krascsenits Z, Šilhárová K. Determination of Chlorophenols in Sediments Using Ultrasonic Solvent Extraction Followed by Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Coupled to TD-GC-MS. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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40
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Ito R, Kawaguchi M, Honda H, Koganei Y, Okanouchi N, Sakui N, Saito K, Nakazawa H. Hollow-fiber-supported liquid phase microextraction with in situ derivatization and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for determination of chlorophenols in human urine samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 872:63-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Faster and simpler determination of chlorophenols in water by fiber introduction mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 620:97-102. [PMID: 18558129 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2008] [Revised: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 05/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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González-Osnaya L, Soriano J, Moltó J, Mañes J. Simple liquid chromatography assay for analyzing ochratoxin A in bovine milk. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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43
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González-Osnaya L, Soriano JM, Moltó JC, Mañes J. Exposure to patulin from consumption of apple-based products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 24:1268-74. [PMID: 17852402 DOI: 10.1080/02652030701361556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by species of Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochylamys. Several Scientific Committees classify patulin as mutagenic, embryotoxic and immunotoxic. It has been found as a natural contaminant of processed apple products and its presence may be indicative of the quality of fruit used in production. In this work, a method for the analysis of patulin is described, based on a simple liquid-liquid extraction with acetonitrile; patulin is analyzed using liquid chromatography with UV detection. Patulin identity was confirmed by GC-MS after its reaction with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. Fifty-three apple-containing products were analyzed and patulin was detected in 14 samples in a range 1.5-50.9 microg l(-1); six of which were above the maximum permitted level of the European Union. Based on these results and juice consumption by the Spanish adult population, patulin estimated intake was 0.42 ng kg(-1) body weight per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- L González-Osnaya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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44
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Headspace solid-phase microextraction using an electrochemically deposited dodecylsulfate-doped polypyrrole film to determine of phenolic compounds in water. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 605:159-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Revised: 10/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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45
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Kronholm J, Hartonen K, Riekkola ML. Analytical extractions with water at elevated temperatures and pressures. Trends Analyt Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2007.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Hakkarainen M. Developments in multiple headspace extraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:229-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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47
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Jaber F, Schummer C, Al Chami J, Mirabel P, Millet M. Solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for analysis of phenols and nitrophenols in rainwater, as their t-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:2527-35. [PMID: 17260132 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-1115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been used for analysis of four phenols and sixteen nitrophenols in rainwater samples. Analytes were extracted from the water in the immersion mode and derivatised for 5 min during direct desorption in the GC injector. Before desorption, 2 microL N-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MDBSTFA) was introduced into the injector, which was maintained at 280 degrees C. Different conditions affecting extraction efficiency were studied, including temperature, type of microextraction fibre, and effect of pH and ionic strength. Five different fibre coatings were tested: 85-mum polyacrylate (PA), 100-microm polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), 65-mum Carbowax-divinylbenzene (CW-DVB), 75-microm Carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (CAR-PDMS), and 65-microm polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB). The best conditions were use of PA fibres for 40 min at ambient temperature (75 g NaCl per 100 mL, pH 3.0). MDBSTFA was used as derivatising agent because it enables analysis of phenols derivatives with high confidence in identification, because in electron-impact mode TBDMS-phenol derivatives produce the specific M-57 ion. Quantification was achieved by using 4-nitrophenol-d4, at 1 mg L(-1), as internal standard. Linearity was good, with correlation coefficients in the range 0.9888 (o-cresol) to 0.9987 (dinitro-o-cresol, DNOC). Detection limits varied between 0.208 and 99.3 microg L(-1) and quantification limits between 0.693 and 331 microg L(-1). Uncertainties varied between 8.7% (phenol) and 17.9% (4-methyl-2-nitrophenol). The method was successfully applied to the analysis of rainwater collected at urban and rural sites in Alsace (East of France). Because of derivatisation in the injector and the associated high temperature, the lifetime of the fibre is severely reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk Jaber
- Laboratoire d'Analyse de Pesticides et de Micro-Polluants Organiques, Commission Libanaise de l'Energie Atomique, BP 11, 8281 Riad El Solh, 1107 2260, Beirut, Lebanon
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48
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Santana CM, Padrón MET, Ferrera ZS, Rodríguez JJS. Development of a solid-phase microextraction method with micellar desorption for the determination of chlorophenols in water samples. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1140:13-20. [PMID: 17150227 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Revised: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel analytical method is presented for the determination of chlorophenols in water. This method involves pre-concentration by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and an external desorption using a micellar medium as desorbing agent. Final analysis of the selected chlorophenols compounds was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection (DAD). Optimum conditions for desorption, using the non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene 10 lauryl ether (POLE), such as surfactant concentration and time were studied. A satisfactory reproducibility for the extraction of target compounds, between 6 and 15%, was obtained, and detection limits were in the range of 1.1-5.9ngmL(-1). The developed method is evaluated and compared with the conventional one using organic solvent as a desorbing agent. The method was successfully applied to the determination of chlorophenols in water samples from different origin. This study has demonstrated that solid-phase microextraction with micellar desorption (SPME-MD) can be used as an alternative to conventional SPME method for the extraction of chlorophenols in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mahugo Santana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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49
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Dong L, Wang J, Deng C, Shen X. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry following pressurized hot water extraction and solid-phase microextraction for quantification of eucalyptol, camphor, and borneol inChrysanthemum flowers. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:86-9. [PMID: 17313145 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Chrysanthemum flower is a common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this work, pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) followed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and GC-MS was developed for the determination of three main active volatile compounds of eucalyptol, camphor, and borneol in Chrysanthemum flowers from four different growing areas in China by internal standard method. The parameters of PHWE and HS-SPME were optimized. The method was also validated. The results showed that PHWE-SPME-GC-MS is a simple, rapid, efficient, and solvent-free technique for the quantitative determination of eucalyptol, camphor, and borneol in TCMs and is potentially useful for the TCM quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Dong
- Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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50
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Campillo N, Peñalver R, Hernández-Córdoba M. Evaluation of solid-phase microextraction conditions for the determination of chlorophenols in honey samples using gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1125:31-7. [PMID: 16769077 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2006] [Revised: 05/10/2006] [Accepted: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and solvent-free method for the determination of nine chlorophenol (CP) compounds in honey samples using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (GC-AED) is developed. The different factors affecting the efficiency of the extraction and derivatization steps were carefully optimized. The polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber was the most suitable for preconcentrating the analytes from the headspace of an aqueous solution containing the dissolved honey samples where the chlorophenols had been submitted to acetylation. When the matrix effect was evaluated for different samples, it was concluded that standard addition calibration was required for quantification purposes. Detection limits roughly ranged from 0.1 to 2.4 ng g(-1), depending on the compound and the honey sample analyzed, with a fiber time exposure of only 15 min at 75 degrees C. The optimized method was successfully applied to different samples, some of the studied chlorophenols being detected in some of the analyzed honeys at concentration levels 0.6-9.4 ng g(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Campillo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
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