1
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Sözmen A, Arslan-Yildiz A. Utilizing Magnetic Levitation to Detect Lung Cancer-Associated Exosomes. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2043-2049. [PMID: 38520356 PMCID: PMC11059084 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, have attracted attention in the last few decades as novel cancer biomarkers. Exosomal membrane proteins provide easy-to-reach targets and can be utilized as information sources of their parent cells. In this study, a MagLev-based, highly sensitive, and versatile biosensor platform for detecting minor differences in the density of suspended objects is proposed for exosome detection. The developed platform utilizes antibody-functionalized microspheres to capture exosomal membrane proteins (ExoMPs) EpCAM, CD81, and CD151 as markers for cancerous exosomes, exosomes, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived exosomes, respectively. Initially, the platform was utilized for protein detection and quantification by targeting solubilized ExoMPs, and a dynamic range of 1-100 nM, with LoD values of 1.324, 0.638, and 0.722 nM for EpCAM, CD81, and CD151, were observed, respectively. Then, the sensor platform was tested using exosome isolates derived from NSCLC cell line A549 and MRC5 healthy lung fibroblast cell line. It was shown that the sensor platform is able to detect and differentiate exosomal biomarkers derived from cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines. Overall, this innovative, simple, and rapid method shows great potential for the early diagnosis of lung cancer through exosomal biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper
Baran Sözmen
- Bioengineering Department, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahu Arslan-Yildiz
- Bioengineering Department, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Izmir, Turkey
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2
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Xia L, Liu J, Zhu X, Liu R, Wen H, Cao Q. Asymmetric magnetic levitation for density-based measurement and analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:341951. [PMID: 38182357 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic levitation (MagLev) based on negative magnetophoresis represents a promising technology for density-based analysis and manipulation of nonmagnetic objects. This approach has garnered considerable interest across multiple fields, such as chemistry, materials science, and biochemistry, primarily due to its inherent simplicity, precision, and cost-effectiveness. However, it is essential to recognize that frequently used MagLev configurations, including standard MagLev and axial MagLev, are not without their limitations. These configurations often struggle to strike a balance between levitation performance, ease of operation, and visibility. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new MagLev configuration to address the aforementioned issue. RESULTS This work describes the development of an innovative MagLev, termed "asymmetric MagLev", achieved by combining a ring magnet and a cylinder magnet as up-down asymmetric magnetic field sources. The asymmetric design overcomes the physical obstacles along the centerline of the standard MagLev, offering unique open-structure advantages, including easy handling of samples, the ability to observe samples from the top or bottom, and no restrictions on the container height. Meanwhile, comparative analysis reveals a considerable enhancement in the working distance of the asymmetric MagLev without significantly sacrificing the measurement range compared to the axial MagLev. Notably, the asymmetric MagLev achieves a remarkable sensitivity of up to about 1.8 × 104 mm (g cm-3)-1, surpassing the axial MagLev by approximately 30 times. Furthermore, experimental results validate the successful application of the asymmetric MagLev in density measurement and quality detection of small-sized objects. SIGNIFICANCE This pioneering configuration represents the first utilization of up-down asymmetric magnets in the field of MagLev. Through the integration of an axially magnetized ring magnet and a cylinder magnet, the asymmetric MagLev design overcomes the limitations associated with conventional MagLev configurations. This innovative design exhibits outstanding operational capabilities and levitation performance, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in density-based measurement and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Xia
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jialuo Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xinhui Zhu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Quanliang Cao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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3
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Xu L, Jia H, Zhang C, Yin B, Yao J. Magnetically controlled assembly: a new approach to organic integrated photonics. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8723-8742. [PMID: 37621424 PMCID: PMC10445431 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01779f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hierarchical self-assembly of organic molecules or assemblies is of great importance for organic photonics to move from fundamental research to integrated and practical applications. Magnetic fields with the advantages of high controllability, non-contact manipulation, and instantaneous response have emerged as an elegant way to prepare organic hierarchical nanostructures. In this perspective, we outline the development history of organic photonic materials and highlight the importance of organic hierarchical nanostructures for a wide range of applications, including microlasers, optical displays, information encoding, sensing, and beyond. Then, we will discuss recent advances in magnetically controlled assembly for creating organic hierarchical nanostructures, with a particular focus on their potential for enabling the development of integrated photonic devices with unprecedented functionality and performance. Finally, we present several perspectives on the further development of magnetically controlled assembly strategies from the perspective of performance optimization and functional design of organic integrated photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hao Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Baipeng Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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4
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Xia L, Liu R, Liu J, Zhu X, Ding A, Cao Q. Radial Magnetic Levitation and Its Application to Density Measurement, Separation, and Detection of Microplastics. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37216472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the development of radial magnetic levitation (MagLev) using two radially magnetized ring magnets to solve the problem of limited operational spaces in standard MagLev and the major shortcoming of a short working distance in axial MagLev. Interestingly and importantly, we demonstrate that for the same magnet size, this new configuration of MagLev doubles the working distance over the axial MagLev without significantly sacrificing the density measurement range, whether for linear or nonlinear analysis. Meanwhile, we develop a magnetic assembly method to fabricate the magnets for the radial MagLev, where multiple magnetic tiles with single-direction magnetization are used as assembly elements. On this basis, we experimentally demonstrate that the radial MagLev has good applicability in density-based measurement, separation, and detection and show its advantages in improving separation performance compared with the axial MagLev. The open structure of two-ring magnets and good levitation characteristics make the radial MagLev have great application potential, and the performance improvement brought by adjusting the magnetization direction of magnets provides a new perspective for the magnet design in the field of MagLev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Xia
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jialuo Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinhui Zhu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Anzi Ding
- Wuhan Electric Power Technical College, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Quanliang Cao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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5
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Gao QH, Song PH, Zou HX, Wu ZY, Zhao LC, Zhang WM. Dynamically Rotating Magnetic Levitation to Characterize the Spatial Density Heterogeneity of Materials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2300219. [PMID: 37127886 PMCID: PMC10369266 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a promising technology for density-based analysis and manipulation of nonmagnetic materials. One major limitation is that extant MagLev methods are based on the static balance of gravitational-magnetic forces, thereby leading to an inability to resolve interior differences in density. Here a new strategy called "dynamically rotating MagLev" is proposed, which combines centrifugal force and nonlinear magnetic force to amplify the interior differences in density. The design of the nonlinear magnetic force in tandem with centrifugal force supports the regulation of stable equilibriums, enabling different homogeneous objects to reach distinguishable equilibrium orientations. Without reducing the magnetic susceptibility, the dynamically rotating MagLev system can lead to a relatively large change in orientation angle (∆ψ > 50°) for the heterogeneous parts with small inclusions (volume fraction VF = 2.08%). The rich equilibrium states of levitating objects invoke the concept of levitation stability, which is employed, for the first time, to characterize the spatial density heterogeneity of objects. Exploiting the tunable nonlinear levitation behaviors of objects provides a new paradigm for developing operationally simple, nondestructive density heterogeneity characterization methods. Such methods have tremendous potential in applications related to sorting, orienting, and assembling objects in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Hui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vehicle Power and Transmission System, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 88 Fuxing East Road, Xiangtan, 411104, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lin-Chuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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6
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Yu J, Li D, Zhu C, Ouyang Q, Miao C, Yu H. A Magnetic Levitation System for Range/Sensitivity-Tunable Measurement of Density. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3955. [PMID: 37112295 PMCID: PMC10143956 DOI: 10.3390/s23083955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a promising density-based analytical technique with numerous applications. Several MagLev structures with different levels of sensitivity and range have been studied. However, these MagLev structures can seldom satisfy the different performance requirements simultaneously, such as high sensitivity, wide measurement range, and easy operation, which have prevented them from being widely used. In this work, a tunable MagLev system was developed. It is confirmed by numerical simulation and experiments that this system possesses a high resolution down to 10-7 g/cm3 or even higher compared to the existing systems. Meanwhile, the resolution and range of this tunable system can be adjusted to meet different requirements of measurement. More importantly, this system can be operated simply and conveniently. This bundle of characteristics demonstrates that the novel tunable MagLev system could be handily applied in various density-based analyses on demand, which would greatly expand the ability of MagLev technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Donghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chengxian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qiran Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chunyang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Haidong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
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7
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Ren X, Breadmore MC, Maya F. Magnetism-Assisted Density Gradient Separation of Microplastics. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17947-17955. [PMID: 36469617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A versatile method for the efficient separation of different types of microplastics from particle mixtures is presented. Magnetism-assisted density gradient separation (Mag-DG-Sep) relies on a bespoke separation cell connected to a gradient pump and located between two like-pole-facing neodymium magnets. In Mag-DG-Sep, particle mixtures initially sunk in water are subjected to a gradient of increasing concentration of MnCl2, enabling the sequential suspension and collection of particles with different densities. The suspension process is assisted by the paramagnetism of the MnCl2 solution placed between the two magnets, which contributes to focusing the ascending particles from the bottom of the separation cell to the outlet, thus enhancing the resolution of the separation process. To demonstrate the concept, a mixture of polyethylene (PE) polymer particles with a similar size range (180-212 μm) but different densities (ca. 0.98, 1.025, 1.08, and 1.35 g cm-3) was selectively separated in a single Mag-DG-Sep run. These particles were also efficiently separated when mixed with other types of particles, such as glass or soil. A generic linear MnCl2 gradient can be directly applied for sample screening covering a broad range of densities (0.98-2.20 g cm-3), while steps can be introduced in the gradient, increasing the separation resolution of particles with close densities (1.025-1.08 g cm-3). As a proof-of-concept application, Mag-DG-Sep facilitated sample preparation of microplastics present in a soil sample prior to their examination by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Ren
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania7001, Australia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania7001, Australia
| | - Fernando Maya
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania7001, Australia
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8
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Doan-Nguyen TP, Crespy D. Advanced density-based methods for the characterization of materials, binding events, and kinetics. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8612-8651. [PMID: 36172819 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigations of the densities of chemicals and materials bring valuable insights into the fundamental understanding of matter and processes. Recently, advanced density-based methods have been developed with wide measurement ranges (i.e. 0-23 g cm-3), high resolutions (i.e. 10-6 g cm-3), compatibility with different types of samples and the requirement of extremely low volumes of sample (as low as a single cell). Certain methods, such as magnetic levitation, are inexpensive, portable and user-friendly. Advanced density-based methods are, therefore, beneficially used to obtain absolute density values, composition of mixtures, characteristics of binding events, and kinetics of chemical and biological processes. Herein, the principles and applications of magnetic levitation, acoustic levitation, electrodynamic balance, aqueous multiphase systems, and suspended microchannel resonators for materials science are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao P Doan-Nguyen
- Max Planck-VISTEC Partner Laboratory for Sustainable Materials, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Max Planck-VISTEC Partner Laboratory for Sustainable Materials, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
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9
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Ren X, Breadmore MC, Maya F. Biphasic Magnetic Levitation to Detect Organic Pollutants on Microplastics. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9033-9039. [PMID: 35579259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microplastics have the potential to adsorb organic pollutants due to their lipophilic nature. Evaluating the distribution of multiple organic pollutants in different types of microplastics coexisting in a sample is a strenuous and challenging analytical task. Here, we report position-dependent microplastic trapping in a biphasic medium comprising a paramagnetic aqueous donor phase containing the mixed microplastics and a diamagnetic organic acceptor phase. Depending on the relative height of the sample container positioned in a magnetic field, the selective density-dependent trapping of microplastics is achieved. Concurrently, the organic pollutants adsorbed on the microplastics are desorbed in the organic acceptor phase, which is easily solidified, separated, and transferred for organic pollutant determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. This facilitates analytical studies involving multiple organic pollutants distributed in solid heterogeneous mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Ren
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Fernando Maya
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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10
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Ashkarran AA, Sharifi S, Abrahamsson CK, Mahmoudi M. In situ monitoring of photo-crosslinking reaction of water-soluble bifunctional macromers using magnetic levitation. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1195:339369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Zeptomole detection of DNA based on microparticle dissociation from a glass plate in a combined acoustic-gravitational field. Talanta 2022; 238:123042. [PMID: 34801899 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we propose a novel detection principle based on the dissociation of microparticles immobilized on a glass plate through weak hybridization involving 4-6 base pairs (bps) in a combined acoustic-gravitational field. Particle dissociation from the glass plate occurs when the resultant of the acoustic radiation force (Fac) and the sedimentation force (Fsed) exerted on the particle exceeds the binding force owing to the weak hybridization (Fbind). Because Fac and Fsed can be controlled by the microparticle density, and Fac is a function of the applied voltage to the transducer (V), an increase in V induces particle dissociation. The binding of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) onto silica microparticles (SPs) resulting from the strong hybridization of 20 bps induces an increase in the density of SPs, leading to an increase in Fac and Fsed; consequently, the voltage V required for dissociation becomes lower than that required without AuNP binding. We demonstrate that the dependence of the binding number of AuNPs per SP on V follows the theoretical prediction. The binding of 7500 AuNPs per SP can be detected as a 10 V change in V. The present approach allows the detection of 2000 DNA molecules involved in the strong hybridization between AuNPs and SP.
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12
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Dabbagh SR, Alseed MM, Saadat M, Sitti M, Tasoglu S. Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Levitation. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Rahmani Dabbagh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Koç University Sariyer Istanbul Turkey 34450
- Koç University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR) Koç University Sariyer Istanbul Turkey 34450
| | - M. Munzer Alseed
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Boğaziçi University Çengelköy Istanbul Turkey 34684
| | - Milad Saadat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Koç University Sariyer Istanbul Turkey 34450
| | - Metin Sitti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Koç University Sariyer Istanbul Turkey 34450
- School of Medicine Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
- Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Koç University Sariyer Istanbul Turkey 34450
- Koç University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR) Koç University Sariyer Istanbul Turkey 34450
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Boğaziçi University Çengelköy Istanbul Turkey 34684
- Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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13
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Huang W, Luo S, Yang D, Zhang S. Applications of smartphone-based near-infrared (NIR) imaging, measurement, and spectroscopy technologies to point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:171-189. [PMID: 33719223 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics is important in public health. With the support of smartphones, POC diagnostic technologies can be greatly improved. This opportunity has arisen from not only the large number and fast spread of cell-phones across the world but also their improved imaging/diagnostic functions. As a tool, the smartphone is regarded as part of a compact, portable, and low-cost system for real-time POC, even in areas with few resources. By combining near-infrared (NIR) imaging, measurement, and spectroscopy techniques, pathogens can be detected with high sensitivity. The whole process is rapid, accurate, and low-cost, and will set the future trend for POC diagnostics. In this review, the development of smartphone-based NIR fluorescent imaging technology was described, and the quality and potential of POC applications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Huang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.,Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shenglin Luo
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown 02129, USA
| | - Dong Yang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge 02139, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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14
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Miyagawa A, Okada T. Particle Manipulation with External Field; From Recent Advancement to Perspectives. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:69-78. [PMID: 32921654 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20sar03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical forces, such as dielectric, magnetic, electric, optical, and acoustic force, provide useful principles for the manipulation of particles, which are impossible or difficult with other approaches. Microparticles, including polymer particles, liquid droplets, and biological cells, can be trapped at a particular position and are also transported to arbitrary locations in an appropriate external physical field. Since the force can be externally controlled by the field strength, we can evaluate physicochemical properties of particles from the shift of the particle location. Most of the manipulation studies are conducted for particles of sub-micrometer or larger dimensions, because the force exerted on nanomaterials or molecules is so weak that their direct manipulation is generally difficult. However, the behavior, interactions, and reactions of such small substances can be indirectly evaluated by observing microparticles, on which the targets are tethered, in a physical field. We review the recent advancements in the manipulation of particles using a physical force and discuss its potentials, advantages, and limitations from fundamental and practical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Miyagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan.
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15
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Ashkarran AA, Mahmoudi M. Magnetic Levitation Systems for Disease Diagnostics. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:311-321. [PMID: 32861547 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a well-documented, robust technique for density measurements and separations. Although the potential of MagLev as an emerging tool in biotechnology has been recently investigated, the practical use of MagLev in diagnosis and disease detection merits further attention. This review highlights the diagnostic capacity of a simple and portable MagLev system and the possibilities and limitations of the MagLev technique for density-based separation, classification, and manipulation of soft matter and biological systems (e.g., cells, proteins), which in turn may pave the way for the discovery of disease-specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Ashkarran
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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16
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Ge S, Nemiroski A, Mirica KA, Mace CR, Hennek JW, Kumar AA, Whitesides GM. Magnetic Levitation in Chemistry, Materials Science, and Biochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17810-17855. [PMID: 31165560 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
All matter has density. The recorded uses of density to characterize matter date back to as early as ca. 250 BC, when Archimedes was believed to have solved "The Puzzle of The King's Crown" using density.[1] Today, measurements of density are used to separate and characterize a range of materials (including cells and organisms), and their chemical and/or physical changes in time and space. This Review describes a density-based technique-magnetic levitation (which we call "MagLev" for simplicity)-developed and used to solve problems in the fields of chemistry, materials science, and biochemistry. MagLev has two principal characteristics-simplicity, and applicability to a wide range of materials-that make it useful for a number of applications (for example, characterization of materials, quality control of manufactured plastic parts, self-assembly of objects in 3D, separation of different types of biological cells, and bioanalyses). Its simplicity and breadth of applications also enable its use in low-resource settings (for example-in economically developing regions-in evaluating water/food quality, and in diagnosing disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shencheng Ge
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Alex Nemiroski
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Charles R Mace
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Jonathan W Hennek
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Ashok A Kumar
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - George M Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Kavli Institute for Bionano Science & Technology, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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17
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Ge S, Nemiroski A, Mirica KA, Mace CR, Hennek JW, Kumar AA, Whitesides GM. Magnetische Levitation in Chemie, Materialwissenschaft und Biochemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shencheng Ge
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Alex Nemiroski
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Katherine A. Mirica
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Charles R. Mace
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Jonathan W. Hennek
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Ashok A. Kumar
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University 60 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Kavli Institute for Bionano Science & Technology Harvard University 29 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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18
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Zhang C, Zhao P, Gu F, Zhang X, Xie J, He Y, Zhou H, Fu J, Turng LS. Axial-Circular Magnetic Levitation: A Three-Dimensional Density Measurement and Manipulation Approach. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6925-6931. [PMID: 32233357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a promising technology for density-based analysis and manipulation of diamagnetic objects of various physical forms. However, one major drawback is that MagLev can be performed only along the central axis (one-dimensional MagLev), thereby leading to (i) no knowledge about the magnetic field in regions other than the axial region, (ii) inability to handle objects of similar densities, because they are aggregated in the axial region, and (iii) objects that can be manipulated (e.g., separated or assembled) in only one single direction, that is, the axial direction. This work explores a novel approach called "axial-circular MagLev" to expand the operational space from one dimension to three dimensions, enabling substances to be stably levitated in both the axial and circular regions. Without noticeably sacrificing the total density measurement range, the highest sensitivity of the axial-circular MagLev device can be adjusted up to 1.5 × 104 mm/(g/cm3), approximately 115× better than that of the standard MagLev of two square magnets. Being able to fully utilize the operational space gives this approach greater maneuverability, as the three-dimensional self-assembly of controllable ring-shaped structures is demonstrated. Full space utilization extends the applicability of MagLev to bioengineering, pharmaceuticals, and advanced manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huamin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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19
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Ashkarran AA, Dararatana N, Crespy D, Caracciolo G, Mahmoudi M. Mapping the heterogeneity of protein corona by ex vivo magnetic levitation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:2374-2383. [PMID: 31960871 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10367h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, we witnessed limited success in the clinical translation of therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs). One of the main reasons for this limited success is our poor understanding of the biological identity of NPs. Herein, we report magnetic levitation (MagLev) as a complementary analytical tool to investigate the homogeneity of the created protein corona (PC) coated NPs through an ex vivo model. Our results demonstrate that the MagLev system not only has the capacity to separate corona coated NPs, but also enables us to study the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the PC. Our findings suggest that current ex vivo isolation methods cause a heterogeneous coverage of PC profiles at the surface of NPs. The MagLev technique, therefore, would be instrumental in identifying and separating fully PC coated NPs which, in turn, enables us to achieve more accurate information on protein corona composition. Ultimately, we believe that the MagLev technique can be used for the fast screening of the homogeneity of corona coated NPs before quantitative analysis of the corona profile/composition, hence definitely improving our fundamental understanding of nano-bio interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naruphorn Dararatana
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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20
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Abstract
Surprisingly, the densities of proteins in solution, which are important fundamental biophysical quantities, have not been accurately measured. The lack of such data can limit meaningful interpretation of physical and chemical features of proteins and enzymes. Here, we demonstrate a new technique using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for magnetic levitation (MagLev), which promises to more precisely measure the density of proteins in solution. As a test of our new technique, we have levitated human plasma proteins using MagLev. By using standard density glass beads for calibration, MagLev showed that the levitated plasma proteins have a measured density in solution of 1.03 ± 0.02 g/cm3, which is much lower than those reported or assumed in the past literature (i.e., ∼1.35 g/cm3). Our findings suggest that MagLev may provide useful insights into the measurement of densities for better understanding the solution properties of proteins and their interactions both with other proteins in solution and with solvating water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Ashkarran
- Precision Health Program , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Kenneth S Suslick
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Precision Health Program , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
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21
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Ozefe F, Arslan Yildiz A. Smartphone-assisted Hepatitis C detection assay based on magnetic levitation. Analyst 2020; 145:5816-5825. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01111h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This work describes development of smartphone-assisted magnetic levitation assay for Point-of-Care (PoC) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Ozefe
- Department of Bioengineering
- Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH)
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Ahu Arslan Yildiz
- Department of Bioengineering
- Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH)
- Izmir
- Turkey
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22
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Zhao P, Xie J, Zhang J, Zhang C, Xia N, Fu J. Evaluation of polymer injection molded parts via density‐based magnetic levitation. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Key Lab of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Jun Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Key Lab of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Key Lab of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Chengqian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Key Lab of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Neng Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Key Lab of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Jianzhong Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Key Lab of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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Ge S, Whitesides GM. “Axial” Magnetic Levitation Using Ring Magnets Enables Simple Density-Based Analysis, Separation, and Manipulation. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12239-12245. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shencheng Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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24
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Zhang C, Zhao P, Gu F, Xie J, Xia N, He Y, Fu J. Single-Ring Magnetic Levitation Configuration for Object Manipulation and Density-Based Measurement. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9226-9233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Ge S, Wang Y, Deshler NJ, Preston DJ, Whitesides GM. High-Throughput Density Measurement Using Magnetic Levitation. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7510-7518. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shencheng Ge
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Yunzhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Nicolas J. Deshler
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel J. Preston
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Kavli Institute for Bionano Science & Technology, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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26
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Zhao P, Xie J, Gu F, Sharmin N, Hall P, Fu J. Separation of mixed waste plastics via magnetic levitation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 76:46-54. [PMID: 29506775 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Separation becomes a bottleneck of dealing with the enormous stream of waste plastics, as most of the extant methods can only handle binary mixtures. In this paper, a novel method that based on magnetic levitation was proposed for separating multiple mixed plastics. Six types of plastics, i.e., polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyamide 6 (PA6), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), were used to simulate the mixed waste plastics. The samples were mixed and immersed into paramagnetic medium that placed into a magnetic levitation configuration with two identical NdFeB magnets with like-poles facing each other, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to verify the separation outputs. Unlike any conventional separation methods such as froth flotation and hydrocyclone, this method is not limited by particle sizes, as mixtures of different size fractions reached their respective equilibrium positions in the initial tests. The two-stage separation tests demonstrated that the plastics can be completely separated with purities reached 100%. The method has the potential to be industrialised into an economically-viable and environmentally-friendly mass production procedure, since quantitative correlations are determined, and the paramagnetic medium can be reused indefinitely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xie
- State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fu Gu
- State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Industrial Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Nusrat Sharmin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo, China
| | - Philip Hall
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianzhong Fu
- State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Turker E, Arslan-Yildiz A. Recent Advances in Magnetic Levitation: A Biological Approach from Diagnostics to Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:787-799. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Turker
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahu Arslan-Yildiz
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), 35430 Izmir, Turkey
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28
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Castro B, Sala de Medeiros M, Sadri B, Martinez RV. Portable and power-free serodiagnosis of Chagas disease using magnetic levitating microbeads. Analyst 2018; 143:4379-4386. [PMID: 30123917 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01374h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic levitating microbeads enable the point-of-care detection of Chagas antibodies in blood solutions using a portable magnetic stage requiring no electricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Castro
- Department of Animal Sciences
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | | | - Behnam Sadri
- School of Industrial Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Ramses V. Martinez
- School of Industrial Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering
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29
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Ge S, Semenov SN, Nagarkar AA, Milette J, Christodouleas DC, Yuan L, Whitesides GM. Magnetic Levitation To Characterize the Kinetics of Free-Radical Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18688-18697. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shencheng Ge
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Sergey N. Semenov
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Amit A. Nagarkar
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jonathan Milette
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Dionysios C. Christodouleas
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Wyss
Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Kavli Institute for Bionano Science & Technology, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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30
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Knowlton S, Joshi A, Syrrist P, Coskun AF, Tasoglu S. 3D-printed smartphone-based point of care tool for fluorescence- and magnetophoresis-based cytometry. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2839-2851. [PMID: 28726914 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00706j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In developing countries, there are often limited resources available to provide important medical diagnostics, which severely limits our ability to diagnose conditions and administer proper treatment, leading to high mortality rates for treatable conditions. Here, we propose a multiplex tool capable of density-based cell sorting via magnetic focusing in parallel with fluorescence imaging to provide highly specific clinical assays. While many cell sorting techniques and fluorescence microscopes generally are costly and require extensive user training, limiting accessibility and usability in developing countries, this device is compact, low-cost, and portable. The device can separate cells on the basis of density, which can be used to identify cell type and cell activity, and image the cells in either brightfield, darkfield, or fluorescent imaging modes using the built-in smartphone camera. The combination of these two powerful and versatile techniques - magnetic focusing and fluorescence imaging - will make this platform broadly applicable to a range of biomedical assays. Clinical applications include cell cytometry and immunocytochemistry-based assays in limited-resource settings, which can ultimately help to improve worldwide accessibility to medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Knowlton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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