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Fei Y, Zhang B, Zhang Q, Chen D, Cao W, Borthwick AGL. Multiple pathways of vanadate reduction and denitrification mediated by denitrifying bacterium Acidovorax sp. strain BoFeN1. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 257:121747. [PMID: 38733964 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Contamination of aquifers by a combination of vanadate [V(V)] and nitrate (NO3-) is widespread nowadays. Although bioremediation of V(V)- and nitrate-contaminated environments is possible, only a limited number of functional species have been identified to date. The present study demonstrates the effectiveness of V(V) reduction and denitrification by a denitrifying bacterium Acidovorax sp. strain BoFeN1. The V(V) removal efficiency was 76.5 ± 5.41 % during 120 h incubation, with complete removal of NO3- within 48 h. Inhibitor experiments confirmed the involvement of electron transport substances and denitrifying enzymes in the bioreduction of V(V) and NO3-. Cyt c and riboflavin were important for extracellular V(V) reduction, with quinone and EPS more significant for NO3- removal. Intracellular reductive compounds including glutathione and NADH directly reduce V(V) and NO3-. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR confirmed the important roles of nirK and napA genes in regulating V(V) reduction and denitrification. Bioaugmentation by strain BoFeN1 increased V(V) and NO3- removal efficiency by 55.3 % ± 2.78 % and 42.1 % ± 1.04 % for samples from a contaminated aquifer. This study proposes new microbial resources for the bioremediation of V(V) and NO3-contaminated aquifers, and contributes to our understanding of coupled vanadium, nitrogen, and carbon biogeochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmei Fei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Qinghao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Dandan Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, PR China
| | - Wengeng Cao
- The Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Science (CAGS), Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation of Hebei Province and China Geological Survey, Shijiazhuang 050061, PR China
| | - Alistair G L Borthwick
- St Edmund Hall, Queen's Lane, Oxford OX1 4AR, UK; School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, UK; School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Drakes Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
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2
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Shi J, Zhang B, Tang Y, Kong F. Undisclosed contribution of microbial assemblages selectively enriched by microplastics to the sulfur cycle in the large deep-water reservoir. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134342. [PMID: 38678705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of microplastics in reservoirs due to river damming has drawn considerable attention due to their potential impacts on elemental biogeochemical cycling at the watershed scale. However, the effects of plastisphere communities on the sulfur cycle in the large deep-water reservoir remain poorly understood. Here, we collected microplastics and their surrounding environmental samples in the water and sediment ecosystems of Xiaowan Reservoir and found a significant spatiotemporal pattern of microplastics and sulfur distribution in this Reservoir. Based on the microbial analysis, plastic-degrading taxa (e.g., Ralstonia, Rhodococcus) involved in the sulfur cycle were enriched in the plastisphere of water and sediment, respectively. Typical thiosulfate oxidizing bacteria Limnobacter acted as keystone species in the plastisphere microbial network. Sulfate, oxidation reduction potential and organic matter drove the variations of the plastisphere. Environmental filtration significantly affected the plastisphere communities, and the deterministic process dominated the community assembly. Furthermore, predicted functional profiles related to sulfur cycling, compound degradation and membrane transport were significantly enriched in the plastisphere. Overall, our results suggest microplastics as a new microbial niche exert different effects in water and sediment environments, and provide insights into the potential impacts of the plastisphere on the sulfur biogeochemical cycle in the reservoir ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Yang Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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3
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Hu Y, Liu C, Wollheim WM, Jiao T, Ma M. A hybrid deep learning approach to predict hourly riverine nitrate concentrations using routine monitored data. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 360:121097. [PMID: 38733844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
With high-frequency data of nitrate (NO3-N) concentrations in waters becoming increasingly important for understanding of watershed system behaviors and ecosystem managements, the accurate and economic acquisition of high-frequency NO3-N concentration data has become a key point. This study attempted to use coupled deep learning neural networks and routine monitored data to predict hourly NO3-N concentrations in a river. The hourly NO3-N concentration at the outlet of the Oyster River watershed in New Hampshire, USA, was predicted through neural networks with a hybrid model architecture coupling the Convolutional Neural Networks and the Long Short-Term Memory model (CNN-LSTM). The routine monitored data (the river depth, water temperature, air temperature, precipitation, specific conductivity, pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations) for model training were collected from a nested high-frequency monitoring network, while the high-frequency NO3-N concentration data obtained at the outlet were not included as inputs. The whole dataset was separated into training, validation, and testing processes according to the ratio of 5:3:2, respectively. The hybrid CNN-LSTM model with different input lengths (1d, 3d, 7d, 15d, 30d) displayed comparable even better performance than other studies with lower frequencies, showing mean values of the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency 0.60-0.83. Models with shorter input lengths demonstrated both the higher modeling accuracy and stability. The water level, water temperature and pH values at monitoring sites were main controlling factors for forecasting performances. This study provided a new insight of using deep learning networks with a coupled architecture and routine monitored data for high-frequency riverine NO3-N concentration forecasting and suggestions about strategies about variable and input length selection during preprocessing of input data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Chuankun Liu
- Sichuan Academy of Environmental Policy and Planning, Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610059, China.
| | - Wilfred M Wollheim
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Tong Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Meng Ma
- China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100048, China
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4
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Li B, Zhang Y. Dual role of pyrogenic carbon in mediating electron transfer from clay minerals to chromium in aqueous and solid media. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134290. [PMID: 38615645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Clay minerals (CMs) and pyrogenic carbons (PCs) often co-exist in the environment and participate in the redox cycling of pollutants. This study unveiled the dual role of PCs in CM-dominated chromium transformation in both aqueous and agar solidification media. The findings showed that CMs and PCs adsorbed minimal Cr(VI), while reduced CMs and PCs displayed a substantial difference by directly reducing Cr(VI) to solid/dissolved Cr(III) through reactive structural Fe(II) and functional groups, respectively. Moreover, dissolved PCs were found to mediate electron transfer from reduced CMs to Cr(VI) in aqueous and solid media. Interestingly, the effect of solid PCs on Cr(VI) reduction by reduced CMs was concentration-dependent. At lower concentrations, solid PCs dispersed reduced CMs, acting as electron mediators and facilitating both direct and indirect Cr(VI) reduction, resulting in solid Cr(III) rather than dissolved Cr(III). Conversely, at higher concentrations, solid PCs served as redox buffers, storing electrons transferred from reduced CMs to Cr(VI). In either case, the transformed chromium was primarily immobilized on the surface of CMs rather than PCs. These findings offer valuable insights into pollutant transformations associated with CMs and PCs, deepening our understanding of their geochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
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Lan X, Ning Z, Jia Y, Lin W, Xiao E, Cheng Q, Cai Q, Xiao T. The rhizosphere microbiome reduces the uptake of arsenic and tungsten by Blechnum orientale by increasing nutrient cycling in historical tungsten mining area soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171429. [PMID: 38442750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The growth of pioneer plants in metal mining area soil is closely related to their minimal uptake of toxic elements. Pioneer plants can inhibit the uptake of toxic elements by increasing nutrient uptake. However, few studies have focused on the mechanisms by which the rhizosphere microbiome affect nutrient cycling and their impact on the uptake of toxic elements by pioneer plants. In this study, we selected Blechnum orientale to investigate the potential roles of the rhizosphere microbiome in nutrient cycling and plant growth in a historical tungsten (W) mining area. Our results showed that while the arsenic (As) and W contents in the soil were relatively high, the enrichment levels of As and W in the B. orientale were relatively low. Furthermore, we found that the As and W contents in plants were significantly negatively correlated with soil nutrients (S, P and Mo), suggesting that elevated levels of these soil nutrients could inhibit As and W uptake by B. orientale. Importantly, we found that these nutrients were also identified as the most important factors shaping rhizosphere microbial attributes, including microbial diversity, ecological clusters, and keystone OTUs. Moreover, the genera, keystone taxa and microbial functional genes enriched in the rhizosphere soils from mining areas played a key role in nutrient (S, P and Mo) bioavailability, which could further increase the nutrient uptake by B. orientale. Taken together, our results suggest that rhizosphere microorganisms can improve pioneer plant growth by inhibiting toxic element accumulation via the increase in nutrient cycling in former W mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Lan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Zengping Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Yanlong Jia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China.
| | - Wenjie Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China.
| | - Enzong Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qianyun Cheng
- School of Geography, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Qiaoxue Cai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Zhang K, Chang S, Tu X, Wang E, Yu Y, Liu J, Wang L, Fu Q. Heavy metals in centralized drinking water sources of the Yangtze River: A comprehensive study from a basin-wide perspective. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133936. [PMID: 38479139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Water quality in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) has received considerable attention because it supplies water to 400 million people. However, the trends, sources, and risks associated with heavy metals (HMs) in water of centralized drinking water sources (CDWSs) in the YRB region are not well understood due to the lack of high-frequency, large-scale monitoring data. Moreover, research on the factors affecting the transportation of HMs in natural water are limited, all of which significantly reduce the effectiveness of CDWSs management. Therefore, this study utilized data on 11 HMs and water quality from 114 CDWSs, covering 71 prefecture-level cities (PLC) in 15 provinces (cities), to map unprecedented geospatial distribution of HMs in the YRB region and examine their concentrations in relation to water chemistry parameters. The findings revealed that the frequency of detection (FOD) of 11 HMs ranged from 28.59% (Hg) to 99.64% (Ba). The mean concentrations are ranked as follows: Ba (40.775 μg/L) > B (21.866 μg/L) > Zn (5.133 μg/L) > V (2.668 μg/L) > Cu (2.049 μg/L) > As (1.989 μg/L) > Mo (1.505 μg/L) > Ni (1.108 μg/L) > Sb (0.613 μg/L) > Pb (0.553 μg/L) > Hg (0.002 μg/L). Concentrations of Zn, As, Hg, Pb, Mo, Sb, Ni, and Ba exhibited decreasing trends from 2018 to 2022. Human activities, including industrial and agricultural production, have led to higher pollution levels in the midstream and downstream of the river than in its upstream. Additionally, the high concentrations of Ba and B are influenced by natural geological factors. Anion concentrations and nutrient levels, play a significant role in the transport of HMs in water. Probabilistic health risk assessment indicates that As, Ba, and Sb pose a potential carcinogenic risk. Additionally, non-carcinogenic risk to children under extreme conditions should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Research Centre of Lake Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Elite Engineers School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China; Zhengzhou Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Sheng Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Research Centre of Lake Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Research Centre of Lake Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Enrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Research Centre of Lake Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Elite Engineers School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China; Zhengzhou Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Jianli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Research Centre of Lake Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Research Centre of Lake Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Research Centre of Lake Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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7
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Jiao T, Zhao C, Zhang M, Han F, Liu Z, Zhang S, Zhou W. Recovery mechanism of heterotrophic ammonia assimilation system under chromium hexavalent stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130615. [PMID: 38513926 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Heterotrophic ammonia assimilation (HAA), an innovative technology for high-salinity wastewater treatment, demonstrates self-recovery capability following Cr (VI) stress. This study investigated the inhibitory effects and self-restoration mechanisms of Cr (VI) at various stress levels. The removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and Cr (VI) in the HAA gradually decreased with increasing influent Cr (VI) concentration. Exposure to Cr (VI) increased the amounts of high-molecular-weight proteins in soluble microbial products and stimulated the generation of extracellular polymeric substances. Heterotrophic functional microorganisms with Cr (VI) tolerance, such as Marinobacter and Planktosalinus, were enriched. An assimilation pathway gene (glnA) and a Cr (VI)-related gene (atoB) were also upregulated. After ceasing Cr (VI) addition, the HAA system demonstrated a 17.1 % increase in the removal efficiency of NH4+-N, which was attributable to its self-recovery ability. This study provides a scientific and theoretical foundation for the HAA process in resisting the impact of heavy-metal-containing wastewater and self-recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Jiao
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory of Water-sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chuanfu Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory of Water-sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory of Water-sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fei Han
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory of Water-sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Laboratory of Water-sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory of Water-sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory of Water-sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
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Zhang S, Qi J, Jiang H, Chen X, You Z. Improving vanadium removal from contaminated river water in constructed wetlands: The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123804. [PMID: 38493864 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Industrial activities pose a significant ecological risk to water resources as they pollute surrounding waters with vanadium (V). Although the contribution of plants and substrates to V removal in constructed wetlands (CWs) has been reported, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of AMF in V removal in CWs and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Reed plants (Phragmites australis) were inoculated with an AMF strain (Rhizophagus irregularis) in CW columns, creating AMF-inoculated (+AMF) and non-inoculated (-AMF) treatments. Three levels of influent V concentrations (low: 0.50 mg L-1, medium: 1.14 mg L-1 and high: 1.52 mg L-1) were examined. The + AMF treatment showed higher V removal (60%-98%) than the control (40%-82%) in all three conditions, although the difference was not significant in some cases. The mean mycorrhizal effects were 75%, 19%, and 28% for low, moderate, and high influent V concentrations, respectively. The +AMF treatment showed a higher GRSP-bonded V concentration (5.5 mg g-1) than the -AMF treatment (4.0 mg g-1). Furthermore, +AMF treatment showed larger plants with higher V concentrations in their tissues, accompanied by increased biological concentration factors and biological accumulation factors. Given the remarkable positive effect of AMF on V removal, our study suggests that treating AMF in CWs is a worthwhile approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Zhang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road(S) 30, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jingfan Qi
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road(S) 30, 211816, Nanjing, China; Yangtze River Innovation Center for Ecological Civilization, 210019, Nanjing, China.
| | - Huafeng Jiang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road(S) 30, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinlong Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road(S) 30, 211816, Nanjing, China; Yangtze River Innovation Center for Ecological Civilization, 210019, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhaoyang You
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road(S) 30, 211816, Nanjing, China.
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9
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Peng W, Lu J, Kuang J, Tang R, Guan F, Xie K, Zhou L, Yuan Y. Enhancement of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis for methane production by nano zero-valent iron in soils. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118232. [PMID: 38262517 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is attracting increasing attention as the most commonly used environmental remediation material. However, given the high surface area and strong reducing capabilities of nZVI, there is a lack of understanding regarding its effects on the complex anaerobic methane production process in flooded soils. To elucidate the mechanism of CH4 production in soil exposed to nZVI, paddy soil was collected and subjected to anaerobic culture under continuous flooding conditions, with various dosages of nZVI applied. The results showed that the introduction of nZVI into anaerobic flooded rice paddy systems promoted microbial utilization of acetate and carbon dioxide as carbon sources for methane production, ultimately leading to increased methane production. Following the introduction of nZVI into the soil, there was a rapid increase in hydrogen levels in the headspace, surpassing that of the control group. The hydrogen levels in both the experimental and control groups were depleted by the 29th day of culture. These findings suggest that nZVI exposure facilitates the enrichment of hydrogenotrophic methanogens, providing them with a favorable environment for growth. Additionally, it affected soil physicochemical properties by increasing pH and electrical conductivity. The metagenomic analysis further indicates that under exposure to nZVI, hydrogenotrophic methanogens, particularly Methanobacteriaceae and Methanocellaceae, were enriched. The relative abundance of genes such as mcrA and mcrB associated with methane production was increased. This study provides important theoretical insights into the response of key microbes, functional genes, and methane production pathways to nZVI during anaerobic methane production in rice paddy soils, offering fundamental insights into the long-term fate and risks associated with the introduction of nZVI into soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jinrong Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiajie Kuang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Rong Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fengyi Guan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Kunting Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lihua Zhou
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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10
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Lei Y, Wang X, Sun S, He B, Sun W, Wang K, Chen Z, Guo Z, Li Z. A review of lipid accumulation by oleaginous yeasts: Culture mode. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170385. [PMID: 38364585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Microbial lipids have attracted considerable interest owing to their favorable environmental sustainability benefits. In laboratory-scale studies, the factors impacting lipid production in oleaginous yeasts, including culture conditions, nutrients, and low-cost substrates, have been extensively studied. However, there were several different modes of microbial lipid cultivation (batch culture, fed-batch culture, continuous culture, and other novel culture modes), making it difficult to comprehensively analyze impacting factors under different cultivation modes on a laboratory scale. And only few cases of microbial lipid production have been conducted at the pilot scale, which requires more technological reliability assessments and environmental benefit evaluations. Thus, this study summarized the different culture modes and cases of scale-up processes, highlighting the role of the nutrient element ratio in regulating culture mode selection and lipid accumulation. The cost distribution and environmental benefits of microbial lipid production by oleaginous yeasts were also investigated. Our results suggested that the continuous culture mode was recommended for the scale-up process because of its stable lipid accumulation. More importantly, exploring the continuous culture mode integrated with other efficient culture modes remained to be further investigated. In research on scale-up processes, low-cost substrate (organic waste) application and optimization of reactor operational parameters were key to increasing environmental benefits and reducing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Lei
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Shushuang Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Bingyang He
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenjin Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhengxian Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhiling Guo
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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11
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Liu P, Zhang X, Lin L, Cao Y, Lin X, Ye L, Yan J, Gao H, Wen J, Mysore KS, Liu J. Nodulation Signaling Pathway 1 and 2 Modulate Vanadium Accumulation and Tolerance of Legumes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306389. [PMID: 38225717 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) pollution potentially threatens human health. Here, it is found that nsp1 and nsp2, Rhizobium symbiosis defective mutants of Medicago truncatula, are sensitive to V. Concentrations of phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and sulfur (S) with V are negatively correlated in the shoots of wild-type R108, but not in mutant nsp1 and nsp2 shoots. Mutations in the P transporter PHT1, PHO1, and VPT families, Fe transporter IRT1, and S transporter SULTR1/3/4 family confer varying degrees of V tolerance on plants. Among these gene families, MtPT1, MtZIP6, MtZIP9, and MtSULTR1; 1 in R108 roots are significantly inhibited by V stress, while MtPHO1; 2, MtVPT2, and MtVPT3 are significantly induced. Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana VPT1 or M. truncatula MtVPT3 increases plant V tolerance. However, the response of these genes to V is weakened in nsp1 or nsp2 and influenced by soil microorganisms. Mutations in NSPs reduce rhizobacterial diversity under V stress and simplify the V-responsive operational taxonomic unit modules in co-occurrence networks. Furthermore, R108 recruits more beneficial rhizobacteria related to V, P, Fe, and S than does nsp1 or nsp2. Thus, NSPs can modulate the accumulation and tolerance of legumes to V through P, Fe, and S transporters, ion homeostasis, and rhizobacterial community responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Xinfei Zhang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Lin Lin
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Xizhen Lin
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Liaoliao Ye
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Jinlong Liu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, P. R. China
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12
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Yang Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Jiao G, Dai H, Liu X, Hughes SS. The migration and transformation mechanism of vanadium in a soil-pore water-maize system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169563. [PMID: 38145672 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The migration mechanism of vanadium (V) in the soil-pore water-maize system has not been revealed. This study conducted pot experiments under artificial control conditions to reveal V's distribution and transport mechanism under different growth stages and V content gradient stress. The V content in the soil pore water gradually increased by an order of magnitude. The V content of pore water in the no-plant group was higher than that in the plant group, indicating that the maize roots absorbed V. The V exists in the form of pentavalent oxygen anions, in which H2VO4- occupies the most significant proportion. With increasing V content, the root area, root number, root length, and tip number decreased significantly. The malondialdehyde content in maize leaves showed an increasing trend, indicating the degree of lipid peroxidation was gradually enhanced. The V content was in the order of root > leaf > stem > fruit and maturity stage > flowering stage > jointing stage, respectively. The transfer coefficient reached a maximum under natural conditions, and increased gradually with the growth. The results of synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis showed that Fe in maize roots mainly comprised of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4. The Fe in the soil is primarily existed in lepidocrocite and Fe2O3. The μ-XRF analysis showed that V and Fe enriched in the roots with a positive relationship, indicating the synergistic absorption of V and Fe by roots. Part of the Fe2+ reduced V5+ to V4+ or V3+ in the forms of VO2+, V(OH)2+, or V(OH)3 (s), and fixed V at the root. Soil weak acid-soluble fraction V and soil total V were vital factors to maize extraction. This study provides new insights into V biogeochemical behavior and a scientific basis for correctly evaluating its ecological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China.
| | - Yunhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Ganghui Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Hao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Center of Deep-Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Scott S Hughes
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
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13
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Yang MQ, Yang JY. Vanadium extraction from steel slag: Generation, recycling and management. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123126. [PMID: 38092336 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The metal vanadium has superior physical and chemical properties and has a wide range of applications in many fields of modern industry. The increasing demand for vanadium worldwide has led to the need to guarantee sustainable vanadium production. The smelting process of vanadium and titanium magnetite produces vanadium-bearing steel slag, a key material for vanadium extraction. Herein, vanadium production, consumption, and steel slag properties are discussed. A detailed review of methods for extracting vanadium from vanadium-bearing steel slag is presented, including the most commonly used roasting and leaching method, and direct leaching, bioleaching and enhanced leaching methods are also described. Finally, the rules and regulations of steel slag management are introduced. In general, it is necessary to further develop environmentally friendly vanadium extraction methods and technologies from vanadium containing solid wastes. This study provides research directions for the technology of vanadium extraction from steel slag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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14
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Giordano A, Malandrino M, Ajmone Marsan F, Padoan E. Potentially toxic elements and lead isotopic signatures in the 10 μm fraction of urban dust: Environmental risk enhanced by resuspension of contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117664. [PMID: 38029818 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In urban environments, soils are a sink of pollutants and might become a source of contamination, as they commonly display potentially toxic elements (PTE) concentrations above the legislative limits. Particularly, the inhalable fraction of soils (<10 μm) is enriched in PTE compared to bulk soils (BS). The enrichment makes these particles an environmental hazard because of their susceptibility to resuspension and their potential contribution to road dust (RD) and atmospheric particulate matter (PM10) pollution. To gain a better insight into urban contamination dynamics we studied the BS, the resuspended <10 μm fraction of BS (Res-BS) and RD (Res-RD) in a European historically industrialized and densely populated city. Compared to BS, the Res-BS and Res-RD showed higher PTE concentrations and a higher variability for most of the elements. Lead was the only PTE showing similar concentrations in all the matrices, suggesting shared sources and redistribution pathways within the city. Chemometric elaborations identified Res-BS as a transition between BS and Res-RD or, rather, a Res-RD precursor. Also, Pb was confirmed to be ubiquitous in all the media. In all the matrices, Pb isotopic signatures were investigated and compared with PM10 fingerprints from the same city. The anthropogenic isotopic signature in Res-BS and Res-RD was evident, and samples belonging to neighboring sites showed comparable isotopic ratios. The Res-BS appeared as a key driver for Pb distribution within the city both in Res-RD and in PM10. These results demonstrate the intimate interaction between urban environmental compartments (soil, road dust and PM10), and the active contribution of fine soil fractions to anthropogenic pollution, with relevant policy implications in urban areas since soils were found to contribute directly to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapaola Giordano
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, I-10095, Italy
| | - Mery Malandrino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Turin, I-10125, Italy.
| | - Franco Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, I-10095, Italy
| | - Elio Padoan
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, I-10095, Italy
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15
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He J, Zhang B, Yan W, Lai Y, Tang Y, Han Y, Liu J. Deciphering Vanadium Speciation in Smelting Ash and Adaptive Responses of Soil Microorganisms. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2464-2474. [PMID: 38197778 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Abundant smelting ash is discharged during pyrometallurgical vanadium (V) production. However, its associated V speciation and resultant ecological impact have remained elusive. In this study, V speciation in smelting ash and its influence on the metabolism of soil microorganisms were investigated. Smelting ashes from V smelters contained abundant V (19.6-115.9 mg/g). V(V) was the dominant species for soluble V, while solid V primarily existed in bioavailable forms. Previously unrevealed V nanoparticles (V-NPs) were prevalently detected, with a peak concentration of 1.3 × 1013 particles/g, a minimal size of 136.0 ± 0.6 nm, and primary constituents comprising FeVO4, VO2, and V2O5. Incubation experiments implied that smelting ash reshaped the soil microbial community. Metagenomic binning, gene transcription, and component quantification revealed that Microbacterium sp. and Tabrizicola sp. secreted extracellular polymeric substances through epsB and yhxB gene regulation for V-NPs aggregation to alleviate toxicity under aerobic operations. The V K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra suggested that VO2 NPs were oxidized to V2O5 NPs. In the anaerobic case, Comamonas sp. and Achromobacter sp. reduced V(V) to V(IV) for detoxification regulated by the napA gene. This study provides a deep understanding of the V speciation in smelting ash and microbial responses, inspiring promising bioremediation strategies to reduce its negative environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenyue Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yujian Lai
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yawei Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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16
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Wang S, Zhang B, Fei Y, Liu H, Zhao Y, Guo H. Elucidating Multiple Electron-Transfer Pathways for Metavanadate Bioreduction by Actinomycetic Streptomyces microflavus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19921-19931. [PMID: 37934564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
While microbial reduction has gained widespread recognition for efficiently remediating environments polluted by toxic metavanadate [V(V)], the pool of identified V(V)-reducing strains remains rather limited, with the vast majority belonging to bacteria and fungi. This study is among the first to confirm the V(V) reduction capability of Streptomyces microflavus, a representative member of ubiquitous actinomycetes in environment. A V(V) removal efficiency of 91.0 ± 4.35% was achieved during 12 days of operation, with a maximum specific growth rate of 0.073 d-1. V(V) was bioreduced to insoluble V(IV) precipitates. V(V) reduction took place both intracellularly and extracellularly. Electron transfer was enhanced during V(V) bioreduction with increased electron transporters. The electron-transfer pathways were revealed through transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses. Electrons might flow either through the respiratory chain to reduce intracellular V(V) or to cytochrome c on the outer membrane for extracellular V(V) reduction. Soluble riboflavin and quinone also possibly mediated extracellular V(V) reduction. Glutathione might deliver electrons for intracellular V(V) reduction. Bioaugmentation of the aquifer sediment with S. microflavus accelerated V(V) reduction. The strain could successfully colonize the sediment and foster positive correlations with indigenous microorganisms. This study offers new microbial resources for V(V) bioremediation and improve the understanding of the involved molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yangmei Fei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Huan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Huaming Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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