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Castro-Alayo EM, Torrejón-Valqui L, Medina-Mendoza M, Cayo-Colca IS, Cárdenas-Toro FP. Kinetics Crystallization and Polymorphism of Cocoa Butter throughout the Spontaneous Fermentation Process. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121769. [PMID: 35741966 PMCID: PMC9222970 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous fermentation process of Criollo cocoa is studied for its importance in the development of chocolate aroma precursors. This research supports the importance of spontaneous fermentation, which was studied through the crystallization behavior and polymorphisms of cocoa butter (CB), the most abundant component of chocolate that is responsible for its quality physical properties. The k-means technique was used with the CB crystallization kinetics parameters to observe the division of the process during the first stage (day 0–3). The experimental crystallization time was 15.78 min and the second stage (day 4–7) was 17.88 min. The Avrami index (1.2–2.94) showed that the CB crystallizes in the form of a rod/needle/fiber or plate throughout the process. CB produced metastable crystals of polyforms β1′ and β2′. Three days of fermentation are proposed to generate Criollo cocoa beans with acceptable CB crystallization times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín M. Castro-Alayo
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas 01001, Amazonas, Peru; (L.T.-V.); (M.M.-M.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel 15088, Lima 32, Peru
- Sección de Ingeniería Industrial, Departamento de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel 15088, Lima 32, Peru;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +51-986376463
| | - Llisela Torrejón-Valqui
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas 01001, Amazonas, Peru; (L.T.-V.); (M.M.-M.)
| | - Marleni Medina-Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas 01001, Amazonas, Peru; (L.T.-V.); (M.M.-M.)
| | - Ilse S. Cayo-Colca
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas 01001, Amazonas, Peru;
| | - Fiorella P. Cárdenas-Toro
- Sección de Ingeniería Industrial, Departamento de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel 15088, Lima 32, Peru;
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Macridachis J, Bayés-García L, Calvet T. Solid phase behavior of mixture systems based on tripalmitoyl glycerol and monounsaturated triacylglycerols forming a molecular compound. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3749-3760. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05361b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate the mixing behavior of triacylglycerol (TAG) mixtures of PPP/PPO (tripalmitoyl glycerol/1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol) and PPP/MCPOP/PPO (being MCPOP/PPO the equimolecular blend of 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol...
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3
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Seilert J, Rudolph‐Flöter S, Flöter E. On the Relation of Entropy and Enthalpy of Fusion in Triglycerides. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seilert
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 Berlin 13353 Germany
| | - Susanne Rudolph‐Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 Berlin 13353 Germany
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 Berlin 13353 Germany
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Seilert J, Flöter E. A Configurational Approach to Model Triglyceride Pure Component Properties. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seilert
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 13353 Berlin Germany
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Lu C, Qiu S, Wang X, He X, Dang L, Wang Z. Contrastive analysis of lipid composition and thermal and crystallization behavior of olein/stearin fractionated by novel layer melt crystallization from palm oil. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4350-4360. [PMID: 33420734 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melt crystallization is typically recognized as a highly efficient and green method for oil fractionation. This work concentrated on novel layer melt crystallization for preparing desirable olein and stearin products from palm oil and the evaluation of fraction quality. Layer melt crystallization was performed at various temperatures and the effects on fractions were evaluated using iodine value (IV), solid fat content (SFC) and melting point. The lipid composition, thermal and crystallization properties, and phase behaviors of the final optimized fractions were determined using gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and differential scanning calorimetry. RESULTS Increasing crystallization tube temperatures under the same jacket temperature increased the melting point and SFC, while decreasing the IV of the olein product. Opposite results were observed for the stearin product. Major fatty acids in fractions were determined as palmitic acid and oleic acid. 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol and 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoylglycerol were identified as the main triacylglycerols in olein and stearin fractions, respectively. A critical effect of crystallization temperature on co-crystallization of oleins and stearins was revealed. A transition from plate-like crystal growth to spherulitic growth with spontaneous nucleation was indicated in palm oil and stearin fractions with increasing crystallization temperature. As for olein fractions, a temperature increase resulted in heterogeneous nucleation from instantaneous nucleation. CONCLUSIONS Novel layer melt crystallization was successfully applied and optimized for fractionating palm oil. The composition and property changes of obtained fractions were analyzed and explained at both macroscopic and microscopic levels. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueping Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi He
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Leping Dang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhanzhong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Seilert J, Moorthy AS, Kearsley AJ, Flöter E. Revisiting a model to predict pure triglyceride thermodynamic properties: parameter optimization and performance. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seilert
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
- Applied and Computational Mathematics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Arun S. Moorthy
- Mass Spectrometry Data Center National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Anthony J. Kearsley
- Applied and Computational Mathematics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
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Macridachis J, Bayés-García L, Calvet T. Mixing Phase Behavior of Tripalmitin and Oleic-Rich Molecular Compound-Forming Triacylglycerols. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Macridachis
- Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès s/n, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Laura Bayés-García
- Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès s/n, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Teresa Calvet
- Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès s/n, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
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Qiu S, Wang X, Zan M, Wang Z, Dang L. The insight into separation of oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acid in peony seed oil from eutectic behaviors, polymorphic transition and solid-liquid phase equilibrium. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Systematic Investigation of Co-Crystallization Properties in Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Triacylglycerols Containing Palmitic and Oleic Acids in Relation with Palm Oil Dry Fractionation. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121891. [PMID: 33352928 PMCID: PMC7766937 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigates the molecular interactions within the main triacylglycerols constitutive of palm oil, all having a key role in the multi-step dry fractionation process. Identification of these interactions is possible thanks to the establishment of binary and ternary phase diagrams, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) at variable temperature. The following systems were selected: PPP-POP, PPP-OPP, PPP-POO, POP-OPP, POP-POO, OPP-POO, PPP-POP-POO and PPP-OPP-POO (P: palmitic acid and O: oleic acid), and analyzed in direct mode (heating at 5 °C/min., after melting and quenching at -60 °C), and after tempering for three months at 20 °C (tempered mode). DSC makes it possible to bring out crystallization and melting phenomena associated to polymorphic transitions, which are further characterized (crystalline forms) by XRD. The results show that unsaturated are poorly soluble in fully saturated triacylglycerols, that the intersolubility decreases in proportion to the number of unsaturated fatty acids, that positional isomerism (POP/OPP) has a major impact, that OPP may induce formation of molecular compounds and that co-crystallization properties are highly modified by tempering depending on the polymorphic properties of the systems. This provides a better understanding and allows for effective control of the palm oil dry fractionation process.
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Detry R, Van Hoed V, Sterckx J, Deledicque C, Sato K, Blecker C, Danthine S. Physicochemical Properties of Palm Oil‐Based Puff Pastry Model Margarines Related to Their Baking Performance in Long‐Term Storage. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Detry
- Gembloux Agro‐Bio Tech TERRA University of Liège Avenue de la faculté d'Agronomie 2B Gembloux 5030 Belgium
| | - Vera Van Hoed
- Industrialaan 25 Puratos nv Zone Maalbeek, 1702 Groot‐Bijgaarden Belgium
| | - Jérôme Sterckx
- Industrialaan 25 Puratos nv Zone Maalbeek, 1702 Groot‐Bijgaarden Belgium
| | | | - Kiyotaka Sato
- Hiroshima University 1‐4‐4, Kagamiyama Higashihiroshima 739–8528 Japan
| | - Christophe Blecker
- Gembloux Agro‐Bio Tech TERRA University of Liège Avenue de la faculté d'Agronomie 2B Gembloux 5030 Belgium
| | - Sabine Danthine
- Gembloux Agro‐Bio Tech TERRA University of Liège Avenue de la faculté d'Agronomie 2B Gembloux 5030 Belgium
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Macridachis-González J, Bayés-García L, Calvet T. An Insight into the Solid-State Miscibility of Triacylglycerol Crystals. Molecules 2020; 25:E4562. [PMID: 33036267 PMCID: PMC7583920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The crystallization properties of triacylglycerols (TAGs) strongly determine the functional properties of natural lipids. The polymorphic and mixing phase behavior of TAG molecules have long been, and still are, a hot topic of research with special relevance for the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industry. To avoid the difficulties arising from the study of whole real fats, studies at the molecular level on mixtures of a limited number of TAGs has become an indispensable tool to identify the underlying causes of the physical properties in lipid systems. In particular, phase diagrams of binary mixtures of TAGs exhibiting a different degree of heterogeneity (monoacid or mixed fatty acids; molecular symmetry; the presence of cis or trans double bonds) have resulted in a significant breakthrough in our knowledge about structure-interaction-function relationships. The present work aims to provide an overview of the main reports regarding binary and ternary TAG systems, from the early studies to the most recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Macridachis-González
- Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geología Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.-G.); (T.C.)
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